NANO ROBOTS MEDICINE OF THE FUTURE

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    MEDICINE OF THE FUTURE

    POOJITHA CHINTHALA

    Roll no:12080026

    Priyadarshini College of Pharmaceutical Sciences

    NANOROBOTS

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    Presented by

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    ` Nanotechnology

    ` Nanorobots

    ` Molecular nanotechnology (MNT)

    ` How Nanorobots Will Work

    ` Applications

    ` Conclusion

    ` References

    CONTENTS

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    What Does Nanotechnology Mean?

    Nanotechnology is the engineering of functionalsystems at the molecular scale.

    It is the study of manipulating matter on

    an atomicandmolecularscale.

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    NANOROBOTS

    A nanorobot is a tiny machine designed to perform a

    specific task or tasks repeatedly and with precision at

    nanoscale dimensions, that is, dimensions of a

    few nanometers (nm) or less, where 1 nm = 10-9 meter

    They are nanodevices that will be used for the purpose ofmaintaining and protecting the human body against

    pathogens.

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    MolecularNanotechnology (MNT)

    The umbrella science ofnanomedicine

    MNT describes

    engineered nanosystems

    (nanoscale machines)

    operating on the molecular

    scale.

    MNT is especiallyassociated withthe molecular assembler, a

    machine that can produce a

    desired structure.

    MNT IS based on theability to build structures to

    complex, atomic

    specifications by meansofmechanosynthesis.

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    ` What is a Chromallocyte?

    ` What is a Respirocyte ?

    ` What are the Risks of Nanoscience?

    ` What are the Potential Benefits of MNT

    (Molecular Nanotechnology)?

    ` What are the Potential Dangers of Molecular

    Nanotechnology ?

    Related wise GEEKarticles

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    ` A chromallocyte is a lozenge-shaped mobile

    nanorobot, consisting of about four trillionatoms.

    What is chromallocyte?

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    Chromallocyte in Chromosome ReplacementTherapy

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    ` A respirocyte is an engineering design for a

    machine that cannot be built with current

    technology: an artificial red blood cell a

    micron in diameter .

    What is Respirocyte?

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    Respirocytes in the bloodstream

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    ` Uncontrolled nanomachines

    ` Nanoweaponery

    What are the risks ofNano science

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    ` Molecular nanotechnology (MNT) is a

    breakthrough science that combines principles of

    chemistry, biology and physics to propose

    microscopic devices on the nano-scale that wouldmechano chemically manipulate individual atoms

    and molecules for the purpose of constructing

    materials, eradicating disease, and restoring the

    environment; thus making the potential benefits

    of MNT wide-ranging and revolutionary.

    What is the potentialBenefits of MNT?

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    ` ABUNDANT CLEAN ENERGY

    ` ENERGYERADICATING DISEASE AND EXTENDING

    LIFE

    ` HEALING THE ENVIRONMENT

    ` SMART MATERIALS AND GREENMANUFACTURING

    ` HELPING THIRD WORLD NATIONS

    ` COMPUTER MINIATURIZATION AND AI

    ` SPACE COLONIZATION

    To Name just a few potential benefits of

    MNT

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    ` NANOWEAPONRY: THE NEWARMS RACE

    ` ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND EXISTENTIAL DANGERS

    ` ECONOMIC IMPACT

    ` DANGERS OF REGULATION

    ` UBIQUITOUS SURVEILLANCE

    ` ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND ROBOTICS

    What are the potential dangers of MNT?

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    ` The powering of the nanorobots can be done by

    metabolizing local glucose and oxygen for energy. In a

    clinical environment, another option would be externally

    supplied acoustic energy.

    ` Other sources of energy within the body can also be usedto supply the necessary energy for the devices.

    ` They will have simple onboard computers capable of

    performing around 1000 or fewer computations per second.

    This is because their computing needs are simple.` Communication with the device can be achieved

    by broadcast-type acoustic signaling

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    ` NANOWEAPONRY: THE NEWARMS RACE

    ` ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND EXISTENTIAL DANGERS

    ` ECONOMIC IMPACT

    ` DANGERS OF REGULATION

    ` UBIQUITOUS SURVEILLANCE

    ` ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND ROBOTICS

    What are the potential dangers of MNT?

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    HowNanorobots Will Work

    The robot in this illustration swims through the

    arteries and veins using a pair of tail appendages.

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    Powering of nanorobots

    ` The powering of the nanorobots can be done by

    metabolizing local glucose and oxygen for energy. In a

    clinical environment, another option would be externally

    supplied acoustic energy.

    ` Other sources of energy within the body can also be usedto supply the necessary energy for the devices.

    ` They will have simple onboard computers capable of

    performing around 1000 or fewer computations per second.

    This is because their computing needs are simple.` Communication with the device can be achieved

    by broadcast-type acoustic signaling.

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    ` Designers sometimes look at microscopic organisms for

    propulsion inspiration, like the Nanorobot flagellum on this e-

    coli cell.

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    ` Breaking up blood clots

    ` Fighting cancer

    ` Parasite Removal

    ` Gout

    ` Cleaning wounds

    Take two bots and call me in the morning

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    Devices working in thebloodstream could nibble

    away at arteriosclerotic

    deposits, widening the

    affected blood vessels.

    Cell herding devicescould restore artery walls

    and artery linings to

    health, by ensuring that

    the right cells and

    supporting structures arein the right places.

    This would prevent

    most heart attacks.

    Treating arteriosclerosis

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    FIBRE OPTICS TECHNOLOGY: Utilized in endoscopic

    medicine.Fiber optic instruments are introduced into the body

    cavity through a tiny hole made on the body to either to

    investigate or treat and ailments.

    LASER TECHNOLOGY: Laser technology is utilized in

    cataract surgery and removal gall bladder stones.

    TELEMEDICINE: With these facility doctors in remote areas

    can benefit from the expertise of the specialist urban centers.

    SOUND WAVES: Utilized in investigative and therapeuticultrasonography.

    NUCLEAR RADIATION: Utilized in the treatment of cancer

    and in investigations like x-ray.

    Few potential applications

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    All of these current developments in technology directs humans a step

    closer to nanorobots and simple, operating nanorobots is the near

    future. Nanorobots can theoretically destroy all common diseases of

    the 2lst century thereby ending much of the pain and suffering. It can

    also have an alternative, practical uses such as improved mouthwash

    and cosmetic creams that can expand the commercial market inbiomedical engineering. People can envision a future where people

    can self-diagnose their own ailments with the help of nanorobot

    monitors in their bloodstream. Simple everyday illnesses can be cured

    without ever visiting the physician.

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    ` http://www.azonano.com/Details.asp?ArticleID=2035` Cristina Buzea, Ivan Pacheco, and Kevin Robbie

    (2007). "Nanomaterials and Nanoparticles: Sources andToxicity".Biointerphases 2: MR17.

    ` N. Taniguchi (1974). On the Basic Concept of 'Nano-Technology.Proc. Intl. Conf. Prod. London, Part II British Society of Precision

    Engineering.` Eric Drexler (1991). Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery,

    Manufacturing, and Computation. MIT PhD thesis. New York:Wiley.ISBN 0471575186.

    ` Fritz Allhoff, Patrick Lin, Daniel Moore, What is nanotechnology andwhy does it matter?: from science to ethics, pp.3-5, John Wiley andSons, 2010 ISBN 1405175451.

    ` S.K. Prasad, Modern Concepts in Nanotechnology, pp.31-32,Discovery Publishing House, 2008 ISBN 8183562965.

    ` Kahn, Jennifer (2006). "Nanotechnology".NationalGeographic2006 (June): 98119.

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