Naming Compounds 10/01/2015. Warm Up How does Lithium and Phosphorous combine to form an ionic...
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Transcript of Naming Compounds 10/01/2015. Warm Up How does Lithium and Phosphorous combine to form an ionic...
Naming Compounds 10/01/2015
Warm Up
How does Lithium and Phosphorous combine to form an ionic compound?
Schedule10.01.2015
Warm Up
Naming Ionic Compounds
Covalent Bonds - Fruit Loop Activity
Work Time
Homework: Nomenclature of Ionic and Covalent Compounds Worksheet-
Due Friday October 2nd Vocabulary- Due October 2nd Test/Lab Corrections- Due October 2nd Vocabulary Quiz Tomorrow!
What does a subscript and a superscript tell us ?
Subscripts: How many atoms are in a compound Example: S2
Superscripts: Tell us the charge on an elementExample: S2+
How do we Write a Chemical Formula for an ionic compound?
1) We need to look at the charges for the two elements combining
2) Look at Lithium and Fluorine. What are their charges?
Write these ions with their charges. Then use the Crossing Over Rule
Li1
+
Cl1-
Li1
Cl1
New Compound: LiCl
The charges cancel each other out if they
are similar
Examples
How do we name Ionic Compounds?
1. Write the name of the metal first Example: Lithium
2. Follow it with the name of the nonmetal
Example: Lithium Chlorine
3. Add the suffix "ide" to the end of the nonmetal
Example: Lithium Chloride These are binary compounds because they only contain two elements
Polyatomic Ions and how we name them
Not all ionic compounds are binary compounds. Some ionic compounds are form by using both ionic bonding and covalent bonding.
The resulting ion contains a charge, because the total number of electrons from the set of atoms cannot produce a stable structure.
Some Examples of Polyatomic Ions:
Covalent Bonding and how we name these bonds
A Covalent Bond is when two elements share electrons
The Lewis structure of a fluorine atom shows that each fluorine atom has seven valence electrons.
Make this Fluorine atom with your Fruit Loops
Covalent Bond
A fluorine atom needs one more electron to be happy.
If a fluorine atom shares one of its electrons with another fluorine atom, the valence shells of both atoms become filled. The two shared electrons form a single bond between the atoms.
A line can be used to represent the shared electron pair.
Now Write the Chemical Formula for this Covalent Bond on this slide
F
Now try Hydrogen + Oxygen
Fruit Loop Activity
Pass out Bags with Fruit Loops and Letters
Pass out Worksheet
We will make these Covalent Bonds as a class – follow my directions on the Document Camera
Naming Covalent Bonds or Molecular Compounds
If a chemical formula is given, the first element in the formula is named first.
To describe the number of atoms of each element in a molecule, the chemical nomenclature uses Greek prefixes.
Example
H2S
Name: dihydrogen monosulfide
Empirical Formula vs. Molecular Formula
The formula of a compound expressed as the smallest possible whole-number ratio of subscripts of the elements in the formula
For example, CH3COOH has two carbons, four hydrogens and two oxygens. So we could write the formula like this: C2H4O2 and so it reduces to CH2O.