Name Unit 4: Cell communication 1. Describe the ways Cells ...

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Name_________________________________________________________ Unit 4: Cell communication 1. Describe the ways Cells can communicate with one another A. Identify the type of communication in each diagram as direct contact, short distance, or long distance AND JUSTIFY your answer for each B. Explain Why cell communication is important 2. Explain hoe cells communication with one another A. Identify the ligand in the following diagram B. Explain the purpose of the ligand

Transcript of Name Unit 4: Cell communication 1. Describe the ways Cells ...

Page 1: Name Unit 4: Cell communication 1. Describe the ways Cells ...

Name_________________________________________________________Unit4:Cellcommunication

1. DescribethewaysCellscancommunicatewithoneanotherA. Identifythetypeofcommunicationineachdiagramasdirectcontact,shortdistance,orlong

distanceANDJUSTIFYyouranswerforeach

B. ExplainWhycellcommunicationisimportant

2. Explainhoecellscommunicationwithone anotherA. Identifytheligandinthefollowingdiagram

B. Explainthepurposeoftheligand

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C. Describehowaligandcanactivateacell

3. DescribehowdifferenttypesofligandsinteractwithacellforcommunicationA. Describethestructuralpropertiesofasteroidhormone

B. IDENTIFYthelocationofthereceptorthatasteroidhormonewillbindwithandEXPLAINwhyitmustbindtothereceptorinthatlocation

C. Describethestructuralpropertiesofaproteinligand

D. IDENTIFYthelocationofthereceptorthataproteinhormonewillbindwithandEXPLAINwhyitmustbindtothereceptorinthatlocation

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E. IDENTIFYthetypeofligandthatisinthediagramandEXPLAINwhyyouchosethattypeofligand

Name_______________________________________________________ Unit4:LigandsandSignalTransductionReview

1. LigandscanallowthemovementofIons

A. Describehowligandsallowforthemovementofionsthroughaligandgatedionchannel

B. Explaintheimportanceofligandsongatedionchannels

2. Ligandscanactivatethecellwhichleadtoasignaltransduction.Signaltransductionpathwayslinksignalreceptionwithcellularresponses.A. statethedifferencebetweenatargetcellandnon-targetcellandexplainwhyyouwouldnot

wanteverycellinthebodytocontaineverytypeofreceptor

B. Definesignaltransductionpathwayandexplaintheimportance

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C. Identifyandexplainthethreestagesinthesignaltransductionpathway

Stages1.2.3.

Explainstages:

1.

2.

3. 3.Cellscommunicatebygenerating,transmitting,receiving,andrespondingtochemicalsignals.Describetheroleofcomponentsofasignaltransductionpathwayinproducingacellularresponse.A

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seriesofstepsareneededtocompletethesignaltransductionpathwayandelicitaresponse.ExplainwhatisoccurringateachstepbyansweringeachquestionStep1:LigandbindingtothereceptorproteinA. CircleandIdentifytheLigandinthesignaltransductionpathwaydiagrambelow

B. DESCRIBEwhathappenstothereceptorproteinwhentheligandbindsandEXPLAINits

importance

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Step2:ActivationoftheenzymeadenylylCyclase

C. Describetheprocessthatactivatesadenylylcyclase

D. ExplainwhatadenylylcyclaseisresponsibleforoncetheenzymeisactivatedStep3:PhosphorylationCascadeE. CircleandlabelthesecondarymessengerinthediagramonthepreviouspageandDESCRIBEthe

overallroleofcAMPonthesignaltransductionpathway

F. ExplainhowcAMPactivatesaphosphorylationcascade

G. Describewhathappensduringaphosphorylationcascade

H. Explaintheimportanceofaphosphorylationcascade

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Step4:Response

I. Identifythetypesofresponsesthatcanoccurasaresultofsignaltransduction

J. Identifythetypeofresponseinthediagramsbelow

4. Thesignalisoftenamplifiedinthecell.A. DESCRIBEwhatamplificationisANDEXPLAINitsimportance

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B. CircletheamplificationareaInthediagramtotheright

5. Chemicalsthatinterferewithanycomponentofthesignalingpathwaymayactivateorinhibitthe

pathway.A. Explainhowchemicalscaninterferewiththesignalingpathway

B. PREDICTthetypeofmedication(whatphysicalpropertieswouldbepresent)thatcouldinhibitcyclicAMPandturnoffasignalingpathwayANDJUSTIFYyourprediction

6. ChangesinsignaltransductionpathwayscanaltercellularresponseA. Describeamutationthatcouldoccurtoareceptorprotein

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B. Explainwhatwouldoccuriftherewasamutationinthereceptorprotein

Name_______________________________________________________________Unit4:FeedbackandCellCycle1. Timingandcoordinationofbiologicalmechanismsinvolvedingrowth,reproduction,andhomeostasis

dependonorganismsrespondingtoenvironmentalcues.A. Eachphysiologicalconditioninthebodyhasasetpoint.Explainwhatasetpointisandgive

examplesconditionsinthebodythathaveasetpoint

B. IdentifythetypesoffeedbackmechanismsthatoccurinorganismsandExplainwhyorganismsusefeedbackmechanisms

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2. Negativefeedbackworkstomaintainhomeostasisintheorganism/cell

C. Describewhatisoccurringintheorganism/celltorequireanegativefeedbackmechanism

D. Explainhowthenegativefeedbackprocessworkstomaintainhomeostasisintheorganismwhenthereisachangetothesetpoint

E. Forthefollowingnegativefeedbackexamplebelow:IdentifyONEchangethatisoccurringtothesetpointandEXPLAINhownegativefeedbackworkstoreturnthesystembacktoitstargetsetpoint

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F. Forthenegativefeedbackexampleanswerthefollowing:- Describeamutationthatcouldoccur

- Predicttheimpactthemutationwouldhaveonthenegativefeedbackloop

- Justifyyourprediction

3. Feedbackinhibitioncanregulateenzymecatalyzedpathways

A. DescribethefeedbackthatisoccurringinthediagrambelowandEXPLAINitsimportance

B. Identifythestructurethatisactingastheallostericregulatorintheabovefeedback

4. Explainhowpositivefeedbackaffectshomeostasis.A. Explainwhatapositivefeedbackmechanismsdototheresponsesandprocessinorganisms

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B. Describeapositivefeedbackresponseasaresultofachangeinthesetpoint.

C. Explainthepositivefeedbackthatisoccurringinthediagrambelowandstatetheendresultofthispositivefeedback

5. Ineukaryotes,cellsdivideandtransmitgeneticinformationviatwohighlyregulatedprocesses.A. IdentifythephasesofthecellcycleandGiveabriefdescriptionofeachphase

B. DescribewhatisoccurringduringtheG1,SandG2phasesofinterphase- G1

- S

- G2

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C. DrawabargraphtoshowtheamountofDNAthatwouldbefoundinthedifferentstagesofthecellcycleiftheinitialamountofDNAwas4

AmountofDNAperphase NumberofChromosomesperphase

D. Drawabargraphtoshowthenumberofchromosomesthatwouldbefoundinthedifferentstagesofthecellcycleiftheinitialnumberofchromosomeswas4

E. Identifythestageacellenterswhenitisnolongerdividing

6. ExplainhowmitosisresultsinthetransmissionofchromosomesfromonegenerationtothenextA. IdentifythevariousrolesofMitosisinthebody

B. Identifythefollowingstructuresinthediagrambelow:sisterchromatid,centromere,spindlefibers,kinetochore,chromosome

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Initialcell

Interphase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Daughtercells

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Initialcell

Interphase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Daughtercells

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C. Describewhatis occurringineachofthestagesofmitosis

- Prophase

- Metaphase

- Anaphase

- Telophase

D. Explaintheimportanceofcytokinesis

E. Foreachpicturebelow,Identifythestagethecellisin(theyarenotinorder):interphase,prophase,metaphase,anaphase,telophase/cytokinesis

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__________________________________________________________________________________

F. Foracellthathasundergonemitosis,Describehownewlyformeddaughtercellscomparetotheoriginalcell

Name_____________________________________________________________________ Unit4:cellRegulation1. Describetheroleofcheckpointsinregulatingthecellcycle.Anumberofinternalcontrolsor

checkpointsregulateprogressionthroughthecycle.A. Labelthe3checkpointsthatexistinthecellcycleandEXPLAINtheoverallimportanceof

checkpointsinthecellcycle

A. DescribetheRoleofcyclinincellregulation

B. DescribetheroleCdK(cyclindependentkinase)inthecellcycle

C. IdentifythecomponentsofMPFANDDESCRIBEtheroleofMPF(maturationpromotingfactor)

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D. Explaintheimportanceofeachcheckpointinthecellcycle- G1-

- G2–

- M–2. Interactionsbetweencyclinsandcyclin-dependentkinasescontrolthecellcycle.

A. DescribewhathappenstotheconcentrationofCyclinduringthecellcycleandExplainwhythechangeinconcentrationhappens

B. DescribetheimpactthechangeinCyclinhasontheconcentrationofMPF

C. DescribewhathappenstotheconcentrationofMPFasthecellprogressesthroughthecellcycleANDEXPLAINwhytheconcentrationofMPFischanges

D. ExplainhowtheconcentrationofMPFisusedateachcheckpointtodetermineifthecellwillcontinuepastthecheckpointornotadvance

E. Graphtheconcentrationofcyclin,andMPFduringthecellcycle(interphaseandmitosis)andexplainwhatishappeningtotheconcentrationsofeach

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F. Explainwhytheconcentrationdecreasesasthecellprogressesthroughmitosis

G. ExplainwhathappenstothecellifthecelldoesintopastheG1checkpoint

3. Disruptionstothecellcyclemayresultincancerand/orprogrammedcelldeath(apoptosis).

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A. Describetheroleofthep53proteinon

thecellcycle

B. Explaintheimportanceofthep53protein

C. DescribetheoutcometothecellwhenapoptosisoccursANDEXPLAINwhythisprocessisnecessary

D. Predictwhatwouldhappentothecellcycleiftherewasamutationinthep53geneANDJUSTIFY

E. DescribewhathappenstothelengthofthecellcycleinacancerouscellANDEXPLAINwhythischangehappens.

F. PredictwhatwouldhappentothecellgoingthroughthecellcycleifamedicationinhibitstheformationofcyclinANDJUSTIFYyourprediction

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Chemistry of Cells. Objectives Describe the distinguishing characteristics of carbohydrates Describe the important biological functions of polysaccharides.

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Name Unit 4: Cell communication 1. Describe the ways Cells ...stecklescience.weebly.com/uploads/2/3/2/2/23227308/unit_4_review... · B. Explain Why cell communication is important

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