Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP...
-
Upload
nguyenkhanh -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP...
![Page 1: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Name:___________________________AP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEWDUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet is still due at the start of class.100 PointsMust be handwritten – You may have up to 20 blanks
Prologue- History of Psychology1. Basic v. Applied Research
2. Psychiatry V. Psychology-
3. Neuroscience/biological Perspective-
4. Evolutionary Perspective-
5. Behavioral Genetics perspective-
6. Psychodynamic Perspective-
7. Behavioral Perspective-
8. Cognitive perspective-
9. Social-Cultural Perspective-
10.Humanistic Perspective-
11.Wilhelm Wundt (structualism)
12. William James (functionalism)
13.Human factors Psychologist-
14.Industrial-organizational Psychologist-
15.Psychometrics-
Chapter 1- Research and experimentation1. American Psychological Association (APA)-
2. control group vs. experimental group-
3. correlation coefficients-
4. cross cultural studies -
![Page 2: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
5. cross sectional studies vs. longitudinal-
6. descriptive vs. inferential statistics-
7. ethics of testing – know what rules must be followed -
8. experiment: be able to design one-
9. generalizability of a study-
10. hindsight bias-
11. illusory correlation-
12. independent vs. dependent variables -
13. measures of central tendency: mean, median, mode -
14. measures of variability: range and standard deviation-
15. operationalizing a definition-
16. sample vs. Population-
17. scatterplot: most often used to plot correlations-
18. case Study-
19. Naturalistic Observation-
20. Correlation Study-
21. testable hypothesis-
22. frequency polygon-
23. Hawthorne Effect-
24. histogram -
25. learning curve-
26.linkage analysis-
Chapter 2- Biological perspective1. all-or-nothing law (all-or-none) of neural firing-
2. action vs. resting potential-
![Page 3: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3. imaging techniques: PET, CAT, MRI, FMRI-
4. brain: what part do we share with animals? How do we differ?
5. Broca's aphasia (expressive) located in left frontal lobe v. Wernicke
6. dendrite (purpose of)
7. somatosensory cortex: location and used for what sense?
8. pituitary gland
9. plasticity
10.reticular formation: related to sleep, arousal, attention
11.endocrine organs and hormones secreted by them
12.endorphins
13.engram
14.glial cells
15.hypothalamus
16.Hippocampus
17.L-dopa
18.major neurotransmitters- Acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin,
norepinephrine, GABA, Glutamate
19.limbic system: structures and functions
20.myelin sheath: where and purpose?
21.Thalamus-
22.Pons-
23.Medulla-
24.Amygdale-
25.Corpus Callosum-
26.Cerebellum-
27.Hypothalamus-
![Page 4: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
28.Hippocampus-
29.Cerebral Cortex-
30.Association Areas-
31.Sensory vs. Motor Cortex-
32.nervous system: major parts
33. neuron: three basic parts
34.obesity (role of hypothalamus)
35.occipital lobe vs. temporal lobe
36.Frontal Lobe-
37.Prefrontal Lobe-
38.pineal gland (function and what makes it unique?)
39.pancreas
40.thalamus (& what sense doesn't get routed through here?)
41.water balance (role of hypothalamus)
42.Wilder Penfield's research on the brain
43.Afferent Neurons vs. Efferent Neurons
44.thyroid gland
45.ganglia
46.paresis
47.Tay-Sachs disease
48.agonist vs. antagonist chemicals
49.Phineas Gage-
Chapter 3 and 4- Nature V Nurture and developmental 1. identical twin research
2. nature vs. nurture controversy
3. recessive vs. dominant genes
4. sexual characteristics (primary vs. secondary)
![Page 5: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5. sexual identity vs. gender identity
6. Carol Gilligan's critique of Kohlberg's theory
7. Ainsworth Strange Situation (Paradigm)
8. Attachment
9. Habituation
10. developmental psychology
11. Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development
12. fetal alcohol syndrome: characteristics
13. formal operations
14. Harry Harlow's research with surrogate mothers
15. Imprinting
16. stranger anxiety
17. schema
18. rooting reflex
19. Kubler Ross' stages of dying
20. Karen Horney's views on development
21. Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning
22. newborn baby reflexes
23. phenylketonuria (PKU)
24. Piaget's stages of cognitive development
25. reflex arc
26. Babinsky response
27. Turner's syndrome (X with missing chromosome)
28. genotype & phenotype
29. hybrid
30. androgyny
31. androgeny
32. Mate Selection- Which traits are attractive to the different sexes.
![Page 6: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
33. Maturation-
34. Assimilation vs. Accommodation-
35. Object Permanence-
36. Conservation-
37. Theory of Mind-
38. Critical Period-
39. Temperament-
40. Baumind’s different Parenting Styles ( Authoritarian, Permissive,
Authoritative)
41. Fluid vs. Crystallized Intelligence-
Chapter 5and 6- sensation and Perception 1. blind spot
2. fovea
3. acuity-vision
4. absolute threshold
5. color blindness: kinds
6. complementary colors
7. difference threshold (jnd)
8. Change Blindness-
9. feature (signal) detector cells: Hubel & Wisel's research on visual
processing
10. feature analysis
11. galvanic skin response (GRS)
12. gustatory sense: detects only sweet, sour, salty, bitter
13. Gate Control Theory of Pain
![Page 7: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
14. hue: (British term for color)
15. inner ear - vestibular sense
16. transduction-
17. Cochlea-
18. Place theory-
19. Frequency Theory-
20. photoreceptors
21. one eye problem - what you couldn't do well if you had only one eye
22. kinesthetics
23. rods and cones (structures & differences)
24. localization of sound (how is it done? Why are two ears needed?)
25. opponent-process theory of visual processing (afterimages)
26. optic disc
27. conductive V sensorineural Hearing Loss-
28. optic nerve
29. Pitch
30. self-fulfilling prophecy
31. Nearsighted v. Farsightedness
32. apparent motion
33. binocular disparity
34. figure - ground – phenomenon
35. Perceptual Adaptation-
36. retinal disparity (a.k.a. binocular disparity)
37. displacement
38. phi phenomenon
![Page 8: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
39. Gestalt theory
40. selective attention
41. linear perspective
42. monocular vs. binocular depth cues
43. perceptual constancy (size,color,shape)
44. perceptual set
45. motion aftereffect
46. motion parallax
47. vestibular sense
48. visual cliff
49. Weber's law
50. Cooper's research on visual processing (using cats)
51. two kinds of deafness: Conductive and nerve
52. signal detection theory
53. Gansfeld Procedure
54. induced motion
55. sleeper effect
Chapter 7- consciousness1. REM sleep
2. hypnosis: major theories of
3. paradoxical sleep: why is REM called this?
4. Alpha Vs. Delta waves
5. Insomnia
6. Narcolepsy
7. Sleep Apnea
8. Manifest v. Latent content
![Page 9: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9. Posthypnotic Amnesia
10. Posthypnotic Suggestion
11. Hidden Observer-
12. Depressant v. Stimulant V. Hallucinogen
13. Effects of marijuana
14. Effects of LSD
15. Effects of Barbiturates
Chapter 8- Learning1. Albert Bandura: major view on learning and Bobo Doll experiment
2. aversive conditioning (good or bad?)
3. behavior as being adaptive
4. classical conditioning ( & can you distinguish it from operant
conditioning)
5. operant conditioning
6. John Garcia's ideas on the limits of conditioning and The Garcia Efffect
7. positive reinforcement v. Negative reinforcement
8. CS-CR-UCS-UCR
9. stages of learning (acquisition, extinction, spontaneous recovery, etc.)
10. schedules of reinforcement (Continuous, Partial, Fixed-ratio, Fixed
Interval, Variable-ratio, Variable –interval)
11. modeling
12. shaping
13. punishment: why it may not be effective and might backfire
14. Premack principle
15. prosocial behavior: what is it and give an example
![Page 10: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
16. Robert Rescorla's findings on conditioning
17. Thorndike's Law of Effect
18. token economy
19. primary vs. secondary reinforcers
20. stimulus generalization
21. self-efficacy
22. Mirror Neurons
23. Law of effect
24. Overjustification Effect
25. Intrinsic v Extrinsic motivation
Chapter 9- Memory1. amnesia (anteriograde & retrograde)
2. chunking
3. semantic memory
4. serial position effect
5. Ebbinhaus' research on memory
6. loss of information from short term memory
7. echoic memory vs. iconic Memory-
8. eidetic memory
9. Elizabeth Loftus' research on eyewitness testimony
10. episodic memory (a.k.a. flashbulb)
11. interference (proactive vs. retroactive)
12. long term potentiation
13. memory: kinds ( sensory, short-term, long-term)
14. method of loci
![Page 11: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
15. misinformation effect
16. next-in-line-effect
17. tip-of-the-tongue effect
18. primacy effect
19. haptic memory
20. Explicit v. Implicit Memory
21. Proactive v. retroactive interference
22. Automatic v. effortful processing
23. Mood Congruent Memory
Chapter 10- Language and Thought1. Benjamin Worf's theory of linguistic relativism (determinism)
2. feral children
3. functional fixedness
4. heuristics- (representative v. availability)
5. mental set
6. Framing-
7. prototype
8. inductive vs. deductive reasoning
9. metacognition
10. phonemes vs. morphemes
11. algorithm
12. divergent vs. convergent thinking
13. expectancy theory (aka mental set)
14. fundamental attribution error
15. false consensus effect
![Page 12: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
16. novelty preference
17. syllogism
18. semantics v. syntax
19. Linguistic Determinism
20. Confirmation Bias
21. Babbling, One Word, Two Word
Chapter 11- IQ 1. achievement vs. aptitude tests
2. bell curve (normal distribution)
3. crystallized intelligence: acquired and usually does not decline with age
4. Daniel Goleman's views on emotional intelligence
5. Howard Gardner's view of multiple intelligence
6. Spearman’s G Factor
7. Down's syndrome
8. Intelligence Quotient (I.Q.)
9. intelligence tests ( Wechsler and Stanford Binet)
10. mental age
11. reliability vs. validity in testing
12. validity (content v Predictive)
13. Flynn effect
14. Clever Hans experiment
15. Francis Galton's research
16. internal consistency reliability
17. factor Analysis
18. Standarization-
Chapter 12- Motivation and Work and Chapter 13- Emotions
![Page 13: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
1. David McClelland's achievement motivation studies
2. hierarchy of needs (Maslow) can you put them in order?
3. drives
4. homeostasis
5. Martin Seligman's "learned helplessness"
6. incentives
7. set point
8. industrial (organizational) psychology
9. instinct
10. James-Lange theory of emotions
11. Cannon Bard Theory of Emotions
12. Yerkes/Dodson Arousal Law
13. intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivation
14. attribution theory
15. equity theory of relationships
16. proximity (effects on relationships)
17. Drive Reduction Theory
18. Glucose
19. Sexual Response cycle
20. Theory X v. Theory Y
21. Task V. Social Leadership
22. arousal
23. opponent-process theory of emotions
24. Cannon's critique of James-Lange theory
25. Stanley Schachter's Two Factor Theory
26. personal space
27. catharsis
![Page 14: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Chapter 14- Stress and Healthy Living1. conflicts: four kinds ( Approach- Approach, Approach Avoidance,
Avoidance-Avoidance, Double approach-Avoidance)
2. Hans Seyle's General Adaptation Response
3. Type A v. Type B
4. Biofeedback-
5. Psychophysiological Illnesses
6. Coronary Heart Disease-
7. Psychoneuroimmunology-
8. Lymphocytes (B vs T)-
9. Macrophage-
Chapter 15- Personality1. Alfred Adler - inferiority complex
2. defense mechanisms-(repression, regression, Reaction Formation,
Projection, Displacement, sublimation)
3. dream analysis
4. free association
5. repression
6. id, ego, superego
7. self-serving bias
8. Freudian dream analysis: two levels of interpretation
9. Freud's stages of psychosexual development
10. Oedipus Complex-
11. identification vs. internalization (Freudian terms)
![Page 15: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
12. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Test: use for
what?
13. projective tests: TAT & Rorschach
14. reality principle (function of ego)
15. high vs. low self-monitors
16. internalization
17. social cognitive theory
18. Optimistic Explanatory Style
19. Humanistic Theory
20. Myers Brigg
21. Psychoanalysis
22. Reciprocal Determinism
23. Unconditional Positive Regard
24. External V Internal Locus of Control
25. Neo Freudians
26. Carl Jung
27. Collective Unconscious-
28. Empirically Derived-
Chapter 16- Mental Illness1. deinstitutionalization
2. depression: trycyclic antidepressants are most widely used to treat it
3. Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( purpose and limits)
4. dissociative disorders ( Dissociative Identity Disorder, Dissociative
Fugue, Dissociative Amnesia)
5. schizophrenia (Paranoid, Disorganized, Catotonic)
![Page 16: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
6. panic attacks (& what's the best treatment?)
7. Anxiety Disorders –(causes, Obsessive Compulsive Disorders (OCD),
post traumatic stress disorder, Tourette's syndrome)
8. somatoform disorders: (causes, conversion, Hypochrondriasis)
9. Mood Disroders ( causes, Bipolar, SAD,Major Depressive Disorder,
Dysthymia)
10. Personality disorders (causes, Anti Social, Avoidant, Histrionic,
Narcissistic)
11. positive and negative symptoms (in mental disorders)
12. Medical Model
13. Delusions v. Hallucinations
Chapter 17- Therapy1. Aaron Beck's view of depression
2. Unconditional Positive Regard-
3. Carl Rogers: person (client) centered therapy
4. electroconvulsive shock therapy
5. group therapy (advantages of )
6. lithium (bi-polar disorders)
7. systematic desensitization: a.k.a. a kind of counterconditioning
8. milieu therapy
9. Albert Ellis - Rational Emotive Therapy (RET)
10. Behavioral Therapy-
![Page 17: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
11. Counter conditioning-
12. Regression Toward the Mean-
13. Cognitive –behavioral Therapy
14. Humanistic Therapy
15. Psychopharmacology
16. Psychosurgery
17. Psychoanalysis
18. Active listening
19. Tardive Dyskinesia
20. Anti anxiety Drugs-
21. Antidepressant Drugs
22. Antipsychotic Drugs-
23. Meta Analysis-
24. Lobotomy-
Chapter 18- Social Psych1. social facilitation
2. social loafing
3. social trap
4. Asch's conformity study (line segments)
5. bystander intervention: factors that influence it
6. cognitive dissonance
7. deindividuation
8. ingroup and outgroup bias
9. normative social influence
10. norms
11. discrimination (in learning theory and race relations)
![Page 18: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
12. dominant responses (aided by social facilitation)
13. foot-in-the-door phenomenon
14. frustration-aggression hypothesis
15. groupthink
16. just-world phenomenon
17. Stanley Milgram's experiement with obedience
18. Stereotype
19. Central Route Persuasion
20. Peripheral route Persuasion
21. Zimbardo's prison experiment
22. altruism
23. social exchange theory
24. Zajonc's "Mere Expose Effect"
25. tragedy of the commons
26. Ethnocentrism
27. Informational vs. Normative Social Influence
28. Frustration –Aggression Principal
29. Scapegoat Theory-
30. Fundamental Attribution Effect-
31. Group Polarization-
32. Other-race Effect-
33. Mere Exposure Effect-
34. Passionate Vs. Companionate-
35. Reciprocity Norm-
36. Superordinate Goals-
![Page 19: Name:___________________________ - lcps.org Psych … · Web viewAP PSYCHOLOGY 2012 -2013 – AP TEST REVIEW. DUE: May1/2– At the start of class, if you are absent, your packet](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022090109/5d4cd5c388c9932a0a8bbc71/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)