NagoyaFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaFor the small town in Batam, Indonesia, seeNagoya, Batam.Nagoya

Designated city

City of Nagoya[1]

From top left:Nagoya Port,Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical Gardens, Central Nagoya,Nagoya Castle,Nagoya TV Tower

FlagLogo

Location of Nagoya inAichi Prefecture

Nagoya

Coordinates:3511N13654ECoordinates:3511N13654E

CountryJapan

RegionChbu(Tkai)

PrefectureAichi Prefecture

Government

MayorTakashi Kawamura

Area

Designated city326.43km2(126.04sqmi)

Population(August 1, 2011)

Designated city2,266,249 (3rd)

Metro8,923,445 (3rd)

Time zoneJapan Standard Time(UTC+9)

- TreeCamphor laurel(Cinnamomum camphora)

- FlowerLilium

Phonenumber052-972-2017

Address3-1-1 Sannomaru, Naka-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi-ken 460-0001

Websitewww.city.nagoya.jp

[2]

Nagoya(Nagoya-shi?)is the largest city in theChbu regionof Japan. It is Japan'sthird-largest incorporated cityand the fourth most populous urban area. It is located on thePacificcoast on centralHonshu. It is thecapitalofAichi Prefectureand is one of Japan's majorportsalong with those ofTokyo,Osaka,Kobe,Yokohama,Chiba, andKitakyushu. It is also the center of Japan'sthird-largest metropolitan region, known as theChky Metropolitan Area. As of 2000, 2.27 million people lived in the city, part of Chky Metropolitan Area's 8.74 million people.[3]Contents[hide] 1History 1.1Etymology 1.2Origin 1.3Tokugawa period 1.4Industrialization 1.5World War II and modern era 2Geography 3Wards 4Climate 5Demographics 6Transportation 7Economy 7.1Transportation 7.2Headquarters 7.3Other 8Education 9Culture 9.1Museums 9.2Theatres 9.3Cultural path 9.4Festivals 9.5Dialect 9.6Handicrafts 9.7Cuisine 10Sports 11International relations 11.1Twin towns Sister cities 12Notable people from Nagoya 12.1Historical figures 12.2Inventors and industrialists 12.3Executive officers 12.4Writers 12.5Musicians and composers 12.6Actors 12.7Sports stars 12.8Manga artists 13Nagoya in films 14Sightseeing 15Gallery 16References 17External linksHistory[edit]See also:Timeline of NagoyaEtymology[edit]The city's name was historically written as or (both read asNagoya). One possible origin is the adjectivenagoyaka(?), meaning 'peaceful'.[1]The name Chky (, consisting ofch(middle) +ky(capital)) is also used to refer to Nagoya. Notable examples of the use of the name Chky include theChky Industrial Area,Chky Metropolitan Area,Chky Television Broadcasting,Chukyo Universityand theChukyo Racecourse.Origin[edit]

The GreatAtsuta Shrine, which dates back to c. 100 CE and houses the holy swordKusanagi, one of the imperial regalia of Japan

Nagoya Castlewas constructed as the seat of theOwari branchof the rulingTokugawa clan.This sectionneeds additional citations forverification.Please helpimprove this articlebyadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.(November 2009)

Oda Nobunagaand his protgsToyotomi HideyoshiandTokugawa Ieyasuwere powerful warlords based in the Nagoya area who gradually succeeded in unifying Japan. In 1610, Tokugawa Ieyasu moved the capital ofOwari Provincefrom Kiyosu, about seven kilometers (4.3 miles) away, to a more strategic location in present-day Nagoya.Tokugawa period[edit]During this periodNagoya Castlewas constructed, built partly from materials taken fromKiyosu Castle. During the construction, the entire town around Kiyosu Castle, consisting of around 60,000 people, moved from Kiyosu to the newly planned town around Nagoya Castle.[4]Around the same time, the nearby ancientAtsuta Shrinewas designated as awaystation, called Miya (the Shrine), on the importantTkaidroad, which linked the two capitals ofKyotoandEdo(now Tokyo). A town developed around the temple to support travelers. The castle and shrine towns formed the city.Industrialization[edit]Nagoya became an industrial hub for the region. Its economic sphere included the famouspotterytowns ofTokoname,TajimiandSeto, as well asOkazaki, one of the only places wheregunpowderwas produced under theshogunate. Other industries includedcottonand complex mechanical dolls calledkarakuri ningy.During theMeiji RestorationJapan's provinces were restructured into prefectures and the government changed from family to bureaucratic rule. Nagoya was proclaimed a city on October 1, 1889 and designated a city on September 1, 1956 bygovernment ordinance.World War II and modern era[edit]Nagoya was the target of US air raids duringWorld War II. The population of Nagoya at this time was estimated to be 1.5 million, third among Japanese cities and one of the three largest centers of the Japanese aircraft industry. It was estimated that 25% of its workers were engaged in aircraft production. Important Japanese aircraft targets (numbers 193,194,198, 2010, and 1729) were within the city itself, while others (notably 240 and 1833) were to the north ofKagamigahara. It was estimated that they produced between 40% and 50% of Japanese combat aircraft and engines. The Nagoya area also produced machine tools, bearings, railway equipment, metal alloys, tanks, motor vehicles and processed foods duringWorld War II.Air raids began on April 18, 1942 with anattackon aMitsubishiAircraft Works, the Matsuhigecho oil warehouse, the Nagoya Castle military barracks and the Nagoya war industries plant.[5]Thebombingcontinued through the spring of 1945, and included large-scalefirebombing. Nagoya was the target of two ofBomber Commands attacks. These incendiary attacks, one by day and one by night, devastated 15.3 square kilometres (5.9sqmi) . TheXXI Bomber Commandestablished a newU.S. Army Air Forcerecord with the greatest tonnage ever released on a single target in one mission3,162 tons of incendiaries. It also destroyed or damaged twenty-eight of the numbered targets and raised the area burned to almost one-fourth of the entire city.[6][full citation needed]Nagoya Castle, which was being used as a military command post, was hit and mostly destroyed on May 14, 1945.[7]Reconstruction of the main building was completed in 1959.In 1959, the city was flooded and severely damaged by theIse-wan Typhoon.Geography[edit]

View of the Nbi Plain,Kiso Three Riversand Nagoya from Mount Sanpo and Mount YoroNagoya lies north ofIse Bayon theNbi Plain. The city was built on low-levelplateausto ward off floodwaters. The plain is one of the nation's most fertile areas. TheKiso Riverflows to the west along the city border, and theShnai Rivercomes from the northeast and turns south towards the bay at Nishi Ward. The man-madeHori Riverwas constructed as a canal in 1610. It flows from north to south, as part of the Shnai River system. The rivers allowed for trade with the hinterland. The Tempaku River feeds from a number of smaller river in the east, flows briefly south at Nonami and then west at daka into the bay.The city's location and its position in thecentre of Japanallowed it to develop economically and politically.