N51, Banff, February 2019 SCHULICH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING ... · Research Focus, Trends, and...
Transcript of N51, Banff, February 2019 SCHULICH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING ... · Research Focus, Trends, and...
SCHULICH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
Emmanuel StefanakisHead, Department of Geomatics Engineering
Geomatics Engineering@ University of Calgary
N51, Banff, February 2019
Overview of Geomatics Engineering research at U of C
Continuing transformation of our programs – to follow the rapid evolution of the technologies and better
prepare the Engineers of tomorrow
Challenges and opportunities of our programs
Outline
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Founded in 1979… 40th Anniversary!
Department of Geomatics Engineering
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Department of Geomatics Engineering
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https://schulich.ucalgary.ca/geomatics
Department of Geomatics Engineering
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https://schulich.ucalgary.ca/geomatics
Questions to Faculty…
1. Research Program Focus
2. Emerging Trends
3. Training the Engineers of tomorrow
Research Focus, Trends, and Training
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Research Program Focus—Naser El-Sheimy
Navigation sensors bring smart, connected devices for many of our
day-to-day activities
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Multi-Sensors Systems
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GNSS GYRO ACCEL MAPSRADARCAMERASODOMETER LIDAR
Self-Driving Cars – A true example of Navigation using Multi-Sensors Systems
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Emerging Trends in Multi-Sensors Systems
Market demand for Location Based Services A technology push due to huge market of location
dependent apps in wearable devices
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Topics taught…
– Data fusion with the goal of minimizing the total error budget
– Progression of sensors to Sensor Fusion
– IMUs and other data sources
– Wearable sensors for LBS and navigation N51, Banff, February 2019 Department of Geomatics Engineering 10
Research Program Focus—Derek Lichti
Imaging Metrology: Precision 3D measurement from imaging sensors
Example projects
Active Passive Laser scanner Range camera Dual fluoroscopy (DF) system Digital camera
https://pmdtec.com/picofamily/monstar/ https://www.ptgrey.com/ladybug5-30-mp-usb-30-spherical-digital-video-camera-red11
Construction progress monitoring
Antler growth measurement
Knee joint mechanics
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Emerging Trends in Photogrammetry
New sensors, especially low cost sensors, and platforms– Unmanned aerial systems
– Laser scanners
– 3D cameras
New methodologies– Structure from motion (SfM)
– Point cloud processing methods
– Machine learning (e.g., convolutional neural networks)
“Democratization” of photogrammetry (black box SW)– “Photogrammetry can be done by anyone”: double-edged sword
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Topics taught…
– Democratization: understand what is inside the black box
Fundamental analytical photogrammetry methods retained
Semester-long group photogrammetric project on campus: observations, programming, field work, accuracy assessment
– Introduction to other sensors
Airborne and terrestrial laser scanning (1 week of lectures)
Exposure to a diverse range of applications and sensors
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Research Program Focus – Kyle O’Keefe
Wireless Communications– UWB Ranging
– Low-cost self contained sensors
– WiFi and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) ranging and fingerprinting
– Integration with GNSS
– Applications for pedestrian, vehicle and infrastructurerelative navigation (V2V, V2I, V2P)
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Emerging Trends in Wireless Location
Raw GNSS Observations on Android Devices– Potential for DGNSS and RTK on phones
Accuracy, cost, risk if someone publishes an “RTK app” and it is adopted by non-surveyors
– Ability to tightly-couple GNSS and sensors
Internet of Things (IOT) devices– New and low cost devices carrying a variety of sensors– Need for location of IOT devices– IOT devices can provide positioning for passing pedestrians
and vehicles– Smart infrastructure
IOT being included in bridges, roads, public places IOT in homes, implications for positioning users and devices
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Topics taught…– Computing for Geomatics Engineers
Embedded programming with real hardware
– Wireless Location IOT labs involving WiFi, MEMS accelerometer, and
barometer observations
latest UWB ranging radios
– Advanced GNSS Theory and Application Android Raw GNSS data discussed and investigated
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High precision GNSS positioning and navigation Multi-sensor integration with GNSS Low-cost high precision systems and applications
– Precise Point Positioning (PPP) Autonomous positioning technology Improved cost-effectiveness and flexibility Support a wide range of applications
– PPP/Multi-Sensor Integration Autonomous and continuous positioning Improved availability and robustness Support a wide range of applications
Research Program Focus – Yang Gao
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A GPS Receiver
& Precise Orbit/
Clock Data
Emerging Trends in Positioning and Navigation
High precision and reliable navigation systems will be available at low-cost and as a core navigation component capable of supporting mass-market precise applications
Low-cost
High-precision
Next-generation low-cost high precision GNSS systems
and products
Integration with Enabling Sensors (inertial, vision, …)
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Topics taught…
– Enhancing programming skills through lab work
– Connecting course materials to latest products and applications
– Industry lectures
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Research Program Focus—Michael Sideris
Environmental monitoring by satellite Earth observations
- Sea level change
- Post-glacial rebound
- Land water resources
- Arctic ice sheers & glaciers
- Geohazards
Modelling of the Earth’s gravity field
- Geoid determination
- Height systems
- Resource exploration
- Geodynamics
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Pail et al., 2015
Emerging Trends in Geodesy
4-dimensional geodesy– Observable temporal variations of the gravity field
– Satellite gravimetry is a new, complementary ‘remote sensing’ tool
– Now contributing to the monitoring and understanding of mass redistributions in the Earth’s hydro-, cryo-, atmo- and geo-sphere
– Part on multi- and inter-disciplinary geosciences & applications
New(er) technologies– Ultra-high-precision optical clocks for height/potential determination
– Dedicated gravity satellite missions (CHAMP, GOCE, GRACE, GRACE-FO)
– Long-term continuity of radar and laser satellite altimetry missions
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Topics taught…
– Global and local gravity field modelling Precise geoid determination Height modernization and vertical datum unification Terrestrial and airborne gravimetry for geophysical applications Multi-resolution and FFT methods Optimal combination of terrestrial, airborne, marine and satellite
measurements
– Satellite gravimetry and satellite altimetry COCE, GRACE, GRACE-FO, ICESat, CryoSat, Sentinel missions Geophysical, hydrological and oceanographic applications
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Microgravimetric monitoring of geohazard with superconducting gravimeter
Wellbore Positioning in Directional Drilling with Measurement-while drilling (MWD) gravity and magnetic sensors
Research Program Focus – Jeong Woo Kim
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Emerging Trends in Directional Drilling
Gravity-Derived Azimuth(magnetic-free) determinationin Directional Drilling
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Topics taught…
– Wellbore Positioning in Directional Drilling
– Actual measurement with an MWD sensor to simulate horizontal drilling trajectory
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Research Program Focus—Mozhdeh Shahbazi
Development/integration of ranging and imaging technologies UAV/MMS
Autonomous and high-precision mapping via vision-guided (unmanned aerial) systems
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Emerging Trends in UAV and Mapping Systems
End-to-end solutions for simultaneous, autonomous navigation and automated precision-survey
Image courtesy: A. Bircher
All figured out and done by the UAV without pilot interference
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Topics taught…
– New techniques of computer vision and their alignment with traditional photogrammetry to automate mapping applications
– New techniques of vision aided navigation and 3D visual perception
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Research Program Focus—Quazi Hassan
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Earth Observation for Environment
– Remote sensing of forest fire danger/risk
– Remote sensing of historical land use/land cover analysis in the Greater Athabasca Oil Sands Regions
– Spatial database development for meteorological variables
Fig. Example Fire danger map for the period 9–16 May 2011 generated over portion of
Alberta by combining remote sensing-derived input variables (adopted from Chowdhury
& Hassan, 2013. Natural Hazards, DOI: 10.1007/s11069-013-0564-7)
Emerging Trends in Remote Sensing
Climate change
Operational systems for addressing real-life issues
Image courtesy: A. BircherN51, Banff, February 2019 Department of Geomatics Engineering 30
(“A petrochemical refinery in Grangemouth, Scotland, UK”
by John from Wikipedia is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Grangemouth04nov06.jpg)
Topics taught…
– Fundamentals of remote sensing
– Conceptual and computational aspects of modelling environmental issues
– Space-borne technologies in resources, hazards, disasters, and climate-induced issues
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Research Program Focus – Michael Collins
Radar Imaging for Maritime Surveillance
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Estimation of wave characteristics
Estimation of Wind speed and direction Ship detection
Mapping oil spills from space
Wave spectrum
Emerging Trends in Radar Imaging of the Oceans
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Radarsat Constellation Mission
Due for launch in early 2019Innovative imaging technology – compact polarimetry
Wide swath imaging with two polarizations
Radar image
Image analysis+
Spectral analysis
MachineLearning
Ocean wave heightWind velocity
Oil spill analysisObject detection
Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Topics taught…
– Radar imaging polarimetry
– Statistical modelling of radar images
– Machine learning
Neural networks
Convolutional neural networks (deep learning)
Accuracy analysis
Optimization
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Research Program Focus—Steve Liang
Internet of Things and Sensor Web
Blockchain for IoT and geospatial data
proof of locations
proof of observations
Industrial applications for IoT
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Emerging Trends in Internet of Things
IoT data will be widely available
– # of connected devices increase (e.g., NB-IoT’s $0.1 monthly plan)
– Almost all assets and machines, cheap/expensive, will have location trackers
IoT data silos will be a major blocker (interoperability needed)
IoT / Location data provenance will be key enablers for IoT business solutions (blockchain is a promising potential solution)
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Topics taught…
– IoT cloud architecture
– Real-time IoT data processing
– IoT data analytics
Predictive maintenance
Asset performance management
Supply chain and logistics optimization with IoT
– IoT and blockchain
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Research Program Focus—Ruisheng Wang
Point cloud processing for mapping– Object extraction and recognition– Segmentation– Urban modeling
Sensor fusion for semantic segmentation and urban modeling
GPS trajectory data for mapping
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Example projects
Emerging Trends in Point Cloud Processing
low cost LiDAR sensors, especially for – Autonomous driving
– Unmanned aerial systems
New methodologies– Artificial intelligence and machine learning, especially deep learning
– Cloud service for massive point cloud streaming and processing
“Deep integration“ of photogrammetry with computer vision and robotics
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Topics taught…
– Fundamental mapping methods and applications
– Recent development from computer vision and robotics for photogrammetric mapping applications
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Research Program Focus—Michael Barry
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Land Tenure and Cadastral Systems– Interdisciplinary research– How to make technological “solutions” to
complex land tenure problems work– Consolidate lessons from a number of
software designs and test over past 20 years – the Talking Titler systems
Problem & Context– Very few countries have “good” land
governance– Technology can both solve and create
problems
Early version of the Talking Titler software interface circa 1998 – videos form part of the title
Emerging Trends in Land Tenure & Cadastral Systems
Research involves door-to-door interviews about strategies people use to defend rights
70% of people don’t have documented land rights
Conflict & Post-conflict situations leave people landless
In many situations fraud, corruption, coercion and violence are the norm (have to work within this context)
Major drives to document land rights around the world
How do we make them work? You cannot just record rights and then leave!
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Topics taught…
– Research issues in Land Tenure and Cadastral Systems
– Survey Law and Practice and Land Use Planning
– Examples from field research in Somaliland, Nigeria, Ghana, Philippines and South Africa
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Bombed Land Records Office in Somaliland
Research Program Focus—Xin Wang
Location Recommendation on the Location-Based Social Network
Trajectory Mining
Path planning based on GPS trajectories
Map matching
Taxi profitable route recommendation
Spatial Clustering
Data Mining & AI for Engineering Applications
Oil and gas optimization
Forest fire prediction
Transportation
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Emerging Trends in Big Spatial Data
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in…
– Map generation and map matching
– Mobility analysis
– Spatial crowdsourcing and pricing
– Deep learning
– Location-based services
– …
Image courtesy: A. BircherN51, Banff, February 2019 Department of Geomatics Engineering 45
Topics taught…
– Recent developments in…
Map matching
Deep learning
Reinforcement learning
Trajectory mining
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Research Program Focus—Emmanuel Stefanakis
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Mobility data handling (trajectories)– simplification, compression, mining
Semantically enriched map generalization
Discrete Global Grids
Flood inundation mapping
Map-mashups in Education and History teaching
http://atlas.gge.unb.ca/aegean/self.php
240912000Id
2012/08/08:12:30Start date
2012/08/08:18:30End date
3000DP Threshold
10Compression
Original (Perpendicular)
Distance (km): 6.1; Time (min): 22
Original (SED)
Distance (Km): 3.8; Time (min): 17
Simplified
Distance (Km): 4.5; Time (min): 19
Emerging Trends in Geospatial Data Science
Mobility data science
Apps for non-experts and/or rapid risk assessment
Information grids (DGGS) and geocoding systems (e.g., what3words)
Automated tile map generation for online map service providers
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Topics taught…
– Spatio-temporal data handling
– Discrete Global Grid Systems
– Geospatial Web
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Emerging trends—T & L for Engin. Leadership
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Open access online resources– Free or low cost world-class resources consumable online– Deep dive examples and exploration of content
Mastery-based learning– Shift in mindset: Gaining competencies vs. chasing grades– Confidence / mastery at each level before proceeding– Alternative approaches to assessment to support deeper learning
Engineering + entrepreneurship– Learning and design in context– Leadership and followership
Learning through first year undergraduate research
Topics taught…
– Use of open resources
– Mastery-based learning
– Product prototyping
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Training the Engineers of Tomorrow
Challenges of our programs
– Lack of awareness on Geomatics Engineering
– Not popular among Engineering programs
… this reflects to low student enrolment
Our Challenges
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Opportunities of our programs
– The wide spread of tools and applications like online maps, indoor and outdoor positioning systems, location-based business, drones, and UAVs can definitely help grow the understanding of the general public about geomatics while at the same time increase the demand for geomatics professionals
… high employment rate and well-paid jobs
… high student satisfaction
Our Opportunities
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