N CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE · The Chaldean Alphabet In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet,...

16
32 M-nuqshe : Ornated N Nahra : River Nakhopta : Chaste, shy Nasha : Man, person Nimra : Tiger Nqydha : Thin Nura : Fire P Paghra : Body Papa : Pope Parcha : Piece of fabric Pera : Fruit Ph-hama : Understanding Plyma : Bent, crooked, distorted Prizla : Steel Pyla : Elephant Q Qalama : Pen Qalula : Quick, quickly Qaryra : Cold Qas ra : Palace Q-phyla : Locked Qraya : Reading R Raba : Big Raby : Teacher, professor Rah me : Mercy Rapi : Shelf Resha : Head Rizza : Rice Roma : Hill, height Rqadha : Dancing S Sanduqa : Box S apra : Tomorrow Saphori : Traveling Sema : Silver Sepa : Sword Shamasha : Deacon, servant in the church Shammama : Loveliest Shamzyya : Watermelon Shapyra, Shapyrta : Pretty (m/f) Sh-ghysha : Troubled Shimma : Name, noun Shimsha : Sun Shlama : Peace, hello Sh-mayya : Sky, heaven Shqol : Take Shuqa : Market S ipya (m), S pytha (f): Clean, clear, pure Sitwa : Winter Smoqa : Red S oma : Lent Sy : Go. T Tama : There, over there. Talmydhi : Students, disciples. T aly : For me. Tama : There, over there. Ta maha : What for? Why? T awa : Good. Tawirta : Cow. T era, t eri : Bird, birds. Tora, Tori : Bull, bulls. Tumra, Tumri : Date, dates. Tumrana : The color of dates (brown). T ura : Mountain. T yma : Value. T yna : Mud. U ’Umra : Age. W W (Waw) : And. ’Wadha : Act. Waraqa : Paper. Warda, Wardi : Flower, flowers. Y Yama : Sea. Yarykha : Long. Yimma : Mother. ’Ylana : Tree. Yoma : Day. Yona : Dove. Yulpana : Teaching. Z Zamara : Singer, singing. Zanzyra : Starling (black bird). Zawna : Time. Zimmorta : Song. Zmara : Singing. Zorna : Flute CHALDEAN LANGUAGE CHALDEAN LANGUAGE CHALDEAN LANGUAGE CHALDEAN LANGUAGE (2 nd edition) By Mar Sarhad Y. Jammo A Chaldean Media Center Publication (All rights reserved) San Diego, California 2008

Transcript of N CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE · The Chaldean Alphabet In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet,...

Page 1: N CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE · The Chaldean Alphabet In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet, there are 22 original consonants and 7 vowel marks. According to the classic Chaldean

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M-nuqshe : Ornated

N Nahra : River Nakhopta : Chaste, shy Nasha : Man, person Nimra : Tiger Nqydha : Thin Nura : Fire

P Paghra : Body Papa : Pope Parcha : Piece of fabric Pera : Fruit Ph-hama : Understanding Plyma : Bent, crooked, distorted Prizla : Steel Pyla : Elephant

Q Qalama : Pen Qalula : Quick, quickly Qaryra : Cold Qasra : Palace Q-phyla : Locked Qraya : Reading

R Raba : Big Raby : Teacher, professor Rahme : Mercy Rapi : Shelf Resha : Head Rizza : Rice Roma : Hill, height Rqadha : Dancing

S Sanduqa : Box Sapra : Tomorrow Saphori : Traveling Sema : Silver Sepa : Sword Shamasha : Deacon, servant in the church Shammama : Loveliest Shamzyya : Watermelon Shapyra, Shapyrta : Pretty (m/f) Sh-ghysha : Troubled Shimma : Name, noun Shimsha : Sun Shlama : Peace, hello

Sh-mayya : Sky, heaven Shqol : Take Shuqa : Market Sipya (m), Spytha (f): Clean, clear, pure Sitwa : Winter Smoqa : Red Soma : Lent Sy : Go.

T Tama : There, over there. Talmydhi : Students, disciples. Taly : For me. Tama : There, over there. Ta maha : What for? Why? Tawa : Good. Tawirta : Cow. Tera, teri : Bird, birds. Tora, Tori : Bull, bulls. Tumra, Tumri : Date, dates. Tumrana : The color of dates (brown). Tura : Mountain. Tyma : Value. Tyna : Mud.

U ’Umra : Age.

W W (Waw) : And. ’Wadha : Act. Waraqa : Paper. Warda, Wardi : Flower, flowers.

Y Yama : Sea. Yarykha : Long. Yimma : Mother. ’Ylana : Tree. Yoma : Day. Yona : Dove. Yulpana : Teaching. Z Zamara : Singer, singing. Zanzyra : Starling (black bird). Zawna : Time. Zimmorta : Song. Zmara : Singing. Zorna : Flute

CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE

(2nd

edition)

By Mar Sarhad Y. Jammo

A Chaldean Media Center Publication

(All rights reserved)

San Diego, California

2008

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Appendix_____________________________________________

A ’Alma : World ’Amuqa, ’Amuqta : Deep Amyra : Prince

B B (Beth) : In Baba : Father Bakhta : Woman, wife Balaya : Calamity Barayi : Outside Bassyma (m), Bassymta (f) : Delicious or Thank You Batta : Duck Behra : Light Bera : Well (of water) Betha : House Brata : Daughter, girl Brona : Son, child, boy Brykha : Blessed Buma : Owl Bushala : Cooked food Byza : Spilled

C Chu mindy, chu nasha : Nothing, no man (nobody)

D D (Dalath) : Of Dada : Dear kid Dibba : Bear

Dunyi : World Dyka : Rooster

G

Gabbara : Mighty Ganawa : Thief Garma : Bone Garma D-Pyla : Bone of the Elephant (ivory) Garoma : Rolling pin Gawayi : Inside Gawra : Man, husband G-dhadha : Thread Gebid : Nearby Gh-lyqa : Closed Gubta : Cheese Guda : Wall

Gumla, Gumli : Camel, camels Gyana : Soul

H Habbaba : Dearest Haluya : Sweet Hammam, Hammami : Bathroom, bathrooms Hayyu : Come Hona : Mind Honana : Mindful, intelligent Hubba : Love

I ’Ilya : High

J Julli : Clothes Jwyni : Group

K Kaka : Tooth Kalba : Dog Kaldaya : Chaldean Karma : Vineyard, orchard Kepa : Rock Kha : One Kimma : Mouth Kinnara : Harp Kirya : Short Klyla : Crown Koma : Black Komta : Black (f) Kosa : Hair K-thawa Qad-dysha : Holy Book, Bible.

L Leli : Night Libba : Heart Lushana : Tongue, language Lyri : Coins

M Malka : King Malpana : Teacher Mama : Mom

Maraqa : Gravy Martyma : Valuable Maya : Water M-dhyta : City

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3- Compose from the following words four meaningful combinations.

�� ������� �

����� ��

�� �� �

�� �� ��� ���� ���� �� �� ��� ��

� ���� ��� �� �� ��

���.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4- Write down ten Chaldean nouns: five of animals and five of things.

______ ______ ______ ______ ______

______ ______ ______ ______ ______

5- Compose in Chaldean three meaningful combinations of words or short sentences.

_____________ _____________

_____________

���������� �" ����� ��# ���!

3

Chaldean LanguageChaldean LanguageChaldean LanguageChaldean Language Elementary Course

The Chaldean Alphabet

In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet, there are 22 original consonants and 7 vowel marks. According to the classic Chaldean grammar, six of the consonants admit modification or alteration to produce six new consonants. In order to meet the needs of modern Chaldean, other modifications have been introduced for the sake of additional sounds. Here is, first, the list of the basic 22 consonants:

1- A = Alap

2- B = Beth

3- G = Gamal

4- D = Dalath

5- H = He

6- W = Waw

7- Z = Zayn

8- H = Heth

9- T = Teth

10- Y = Yodh

11- K = Kap

12- L = Lamadh

13- M = Mym

14- N = Nun

15- S = Simkath

16- ‘ = ‘E

17- P = Pe

18- S = Sade

19- Q = Qop

20- R = Resh

21- Sh = Shyn

22- T = Taw

% ='�% ( = ��

) =*"� + = ��+

, = , - = -%-

� =./� 0 = �1

2 = �� 3 =4 ��/

5� � 6 � �7 ='7 8 =9"� �� � : = ; ��

.� � < � �� =< ��� �= = ��"= > =�? �� =�� @ =�+@

�� = ���A

� =B� B =.� �# � =-%�

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

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THE DESIGN OF THE CHALDEAN ALPHABET

�� :

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EXERCISES: 1- Select from the following vocabulary the correct matching word and place it on the right line to form a meaningful combination.

��� �D��# ��

�� �/�

��� ���� �? ��

�" �E��� ��

�� �-��.

���F�� ______.

______ ��� �� �-,.

��� ��� ______.

����� ______.

�- �= _____. 2- Fill in the blank with a suitable Chaldean word of your own.

G: ��� �H= 8_______.

� � �I�� ��� �

�J7*� ����K� �"� � �� _______.

_____ __ �G� �/9�� % ��� �D��#.

� �� �# ��� � �" �/+ ��� �# ���_______.

��, ��/ K��I ��_______.

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This is the list of the 7 vowel marks:

Zqapa

Zlama

P-thaha

Zlama kirya Waw rwyhta Waw ‘y-qta Yodh shlytha

���D ��� �� �" ��� �� �1 �

�� ���/��7 ��

�" ���

�L �/-� -%�-�%

�� �M �? -%�-

��/4 �� � � ��#

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

�% � �( � �) � �+

�% � �( � �) � �+ � �% � ��( � ��) � ��+ �% � �( � �) � �+

� ��� � �-% �-+ � ���

� ��� � �-% �-+ � ���

� �H� � �3% �3+ � �H�

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

1) Long a: aa, ba, ga, da

2) Long e: ae, be, ge, de

3) Short a: a, ba, ga, da

4) Short e (i): i, bi, gi, di

5) Opened o: ao, bo, go, do

6) Closed o (u): u, bu, gu, du 7) Long y (ee): y, by, gy, dy

________________________________________________________________

Homework Exercise:

On the lines provided below, write each of the six modifiable letters and the additional modifications.

_____________ = ____ ____ ____ < ____ 1.

_____________ = ____ ____ ____ < ____ 2.

_____________ = ____ ____ ____ < ____ 3.

_____________ = ____ ____ ____ < ____ 4.

_____________ = ____ ____ ____ < ____ 5.

_____________ = ____ ____ ____ < ____ .6

_____________ = ____ ____ ____ < ____ .7

_____________ = ____ ____ ____ < ____ .8

_____________ = ____ ____ ____ < ____ .9

____________ = ____ ____ ____ < ____ .10

5

LESSON ONE

In this first lesson, six consonants are introduced to you together with two vowel marks. The consonants are: Alap, Beth, Dalath, Lamadh, Mym, & Resh. The vowels are: the long ‘a’ & the short ‘e’ (i). The combination of the consonants with the vowel marks will form a few simple words.

1- �% �% � �% �% �% � % % % �%.

2- �( �( �( � �( �( �( � ( ( (. �� �I �� ��� �I �� ��� �I ��. 3- �+ �+ �+ �

�+ �+ �+ � + + +. ���+�+ ����+�+ ����+�+. �� �� �+ ���

�� �+ ����� �+.

4- 8 8 8 � �8 �8 �8 � �8 �8 �8. ���� �I � ���� �I � ���� �I.

5- �� �� �� � �:� � �� � �� � � �� � �� � ��. �� �" �� ��� �" �� ��� �" ��.

6- �� �� �� � ��

��

�� � � � �.

�� ���� ��� ��

�� ��� ��

��.

* ���+�+ ��� �" �� ��� �I ��. �� �I �� � ��

��. �� �I �� � ��

��. �� �I �� ��+�� �".

VOCABULARY:

Baba - Father D (Dalath) - Of Dada - Dear kid Dibba - Bear Libba - Heart Mama - Mom Raba - Big

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Homework Exercise: Below, write twice each Chaldean vocabulary word or phrase of lesson one along with its meaning.

__________ = __________ __________ .1

__________ = __________ __________ .2

__________ = __________ __________ .3

__________ = __________ __________ .4

__________ = __________ __________ .5

__________ = __________ __________ .6

__________ = __________ __________ .7

27

LESSON TEN

To facilitate memorizing the 22 consonants, they could be joined together in the following groupings:

- � �% ��J� ��, � K ��- � �1 � � �HU � ��"�7 ��= � . ��DV ��� � W � �#�

- Abgad, Haw-waz, Hat-ty, Kol-man, Sa‘pas, Qar-shat

Here is a list of the six modifiable letters:

B » W = Waw (← �( �( �( = �--%

G » Gh = Ghamal )← �) �) �) = ��� ��"*

D » Dh = Dhalath + ← 4 4 4 = ��4 ��� �

K » Kh = Khap �7← � �7 � �7 � �7 = � �7'

P » Ph = Phe A← XA XA XA = �X��

T » Th = Thaw �← �� �� �� = � ��-

The Additional modifications are:

B » V = Ve

G » J = Je

T » Th = The

K » Tch = Tche

(← �( �( �( = ���

)← �) �) �) = ���

2← Y2 Y2 Y2 = Y��

�7← ��7 ��7 ��7 = �7�

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Homework Exercise: Combine the following two columns in a meaningful manner.

B

*�I��+

�� �I �I � �1

�� ����G%

���� �?

���� �IG� �

��

A

���� �I

���

�� �G� �/ �K�

.� ��I��

G9 � �1

:�� �" �#

____________________ ___________________ 1.

____________________ ___________________ 2.

____________________ ____________________ 3.

____________________ ___________________ 4.

____________________ ___________________ 5.

7

LESSON TWO

In this lesson, three additional consonants are presented to you together with three more vowel marks. The three consonants are: Kap, Nun, & Shyn. The vowels are: the short ‘a’, the opened ‘o’ and the closed ‘o’. The combination of these new letters and vowels, in addition to those taken in the first lesson, will enable us to form new Chaldean words.

7- � ��7 ���7 �

��7 � ��7 ��7 ��7 � �

�7 ��7 ��7 � �7 �7 �7. �� �I� �

�7 ������ ��7 ���

��� ��� ��� �"�7 ���

���7. 8- �� ��� ��� ��� � �

�� ��� � �� � �� �� �� � ��� ���� �

��� ��� ��� ��� �

��� ��� ���. ��

�� ��� ���

�� ��� ����� ��7 ��� �� �-� ��� �� �-�� ���

�� ���7 ���

��"�� .

9- � ��B �

�B ��B � �B �B �B � �B �B �B � B B B

��# ��# ��# ��# ���# ��#.

���� �# ��� ��� ���" ��# ���

�" ��# ��� ��" �# ����" �#.

* �� �� ��7 � �I� ��7 ��

�"��� ����7�� ��� ���� �

��"�� ��� �� �-�� �

�� ���

�� �" ��#�+ ����� �

�� ��� �� �" ��#+ �

�" �# ����� �-���+ ��

�� ���7.

Page 8: N CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE · The Chaldean Alphabet In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet, there are 22 original consonants and 7 vowel marks. According to the classic Chaldean

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:Vocabulary

Lushana - Tongue, language Malka - King Nimra - Tiger Nura - Fire Roma - Hill, height Shamasha = Deacon, servant in the church Shimma - Name, noun Shimsha - Sun Shlama - Peace, hello

B (Beth) - In Brona - Son, child, boy Buma - Owl Kaka - Tooth Kalba - Dog Karma - Vineyard, orchard Kimma - Mouth Kinnara - Harp Koma - Black

______________________________________________________

Homework Exercise:

Fill in the blank by choosing the appropriate word from the vocabulary list on the left.

Vocabulary List

������7 ���� ���7

�� �" �# �� ��� ����

��#�+�� �"

�� �� �-���+ _________ 1.

_________ ����"�� 2.

��� �"��� _________ 3.

_________ ����� ��� 4.

�" ��#+�� �� _________ 5.

25

LESSON NINE

Letters with different shapes: Three letters in the Chaldean alphabet require a different shape if positioned at the end

of the word: Kap, Mym, & Nun ( �� �� �7 ).

The following is the shape of each one at the end of a word:

Disconnected Connected

(Final Kap) »

(Final Mym) » (Final Nun) »

� 5� 6 6 �: :

� .� < <

Examples:

� �5�� �/+ �� �6 �- �� ��" �# �6� �; � �/�

��� �:

�� �" �# �.� ��I

�� �� � �<

* Taw & Alap: The combination of these two characters results in the following character at the end of a word:

Silent Letters: In the case that a letter is written but not pronounced, a single slash (mbatlana) is written above it to indicate that that letter is silent.

Examples:

�GK � �1 �� ����G% �]G� �/9� *�I

��+� ��� �IG� �

�� ��� �I

���

Syame: This simple sign is placed over the shortest letter or Resh to indicate a plural.

Examples:

�� �^�� �� ��̂

�" ��# � �_ �I

���

Vocabulary:

Gabbara - Mighty Kha - One M-dhyta - City Nasha - Man, person

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Additional Consonants: Four more consonants could be

produced by the addition of this special mark ( � ), to be

positioned under the letter or above it. The letters which accept this kind of modification are:

Beth � Ve = )(( �( Gamal � Je = )) ( �) Teth � The = )2 ( Y2 Kap � Che = )�7( ��7

Examples:

�� �� � ��� �D

��# b

��� ��� ��� ���� � ��� �� � ������ �/� �9 �"� ���+ ��

��6����� ��+ % �� ��7 �� ��� �� ��7 � �3K� �� ��� ����G%.

Vocabulary:

Chu mindy, chu nasha - Nothing, no man (nobody) Julli - Clothes Jwyni - Group M-nuqshe - Ornated Parcha - Piece Talmydhi - Students, disciples

______________________________________________________

Homework Exercise:

Below, write each of the four consonants with one or two examples of each.

____________ ____________ ← _____ .1

____________ ____________ ← _____ .2

____________ ____________ ← _____ .3

____________ ____________ ← _____ .4

9

LESSON THREE

In this lesson, we will proceed with three more consonants from the Chaldean alphabet, and simultaneously exercise with increased vocabulary. The three new consonants are: Gamal, Taw & Waw.

10 - ) ) ) � �) �) �) � �) �) �) � � ��) �

�) ��)

��� ��� � ��� ��� ��� ���. �� �� �-� �

�� ������ �

�� ������ ��� ���

�+ ���. 11 - �� �� �� �

�� �� �� � � � � � �-� �-� �-� � ���

���

��� �

�-� �-� �-�. ��

��� �-� ���

�� ��� ����� �� ���

�� �-� ��� ��

���.

12 - - - - � ��- � �- �- �- � �- �- �- � �-- �-- �-- � ��-

��-

�-- �-- �--. �� ��� �-

��� ���

����� �- �� ��

�-�� ��� �+���- ���

�+� ��- �� �� ��7.

* ��� ����� �- �� �� �-�� �� ��� ���� �� �+�

��-� �� �� �� ��+ ���

��� �-� ���

�-� �� ��� ���- �� ��� ���- ��� �-����% ��� �� ��7

����� �� ���� �-�-.

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10

Vocabulary:

Gumla, Gumli - Camel, camels Komta - Black (f) Tama - There, over there Tawirta - Cow Tora, Tori - Bull, bulls Tumra, Tumri - Date, dates Warda, Wardi - Flower, flowers

Brata - Daughter, girl Brona - Son, boy Garma - Bone Garoma - Rolling pin Gubta - Cheese Guda - Wall

Homework Exercise:

Combine the following two columns in a meaningful manner on the lines below.

B

����� �-�- � ��� ���- �� ��

��� �-

�� ��� ���� � ��� ���-

A

�� �+���-

�����-�

�� �� �-�� �� �� ��� ���� �-�

____________ __________ .2 ___________ __________ .1

___________ ___________ .4 ___________ __________ .3

___________ __________ .5

23

Homework Exercise: Below, write each Chaldean vocabulary word twice, along with its meaning, as well as the modifiable letters from numbers one through six on the exposition page of this lesson.

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

__________ = __________ __________

Page 11: N CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE · The Chaldean Alphabet In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet, there are 22 original consonants and 7 vowel marks. According to the classic Chaldean

22

Vocabulary: Bakhta - Woman, wife Betha - House Brykha - Blessed Ganawa - Thief Gawra - Man, husband G-dhadha - Thread Gh-lyqa - Closed Gyana - Soul Kirya - Short K-thawa Qad-dysha - Holy Book, Bible Nakhopta - Chaste, shy Nqydha - Thin Paghra - Body Ph-hama - Understanding Q-phyla - Locked Qraya - Reading Rqadha - Dancing Sanduqa - Box Saphori - Traveling Sh-ghysha - Troubled Sh-mayya - Sky, heaven Spytha - Clear, clean, pure Tawa - Good ’Wadha - Act Yarykha - Long Zawna - Time Zmara - Singing

11

LESSON FOUR

In this lesson, two more consonants and one vowel are presented to you together with additional vocabulary. The two consonants are: Yodh & Teth: the vowel is the Silent Yodh.

13 - � � �3 � �3 � �3 � �3 �3 �3 � �3 �3 �3 � 3 3 3 ��/ ��/ ��/ � ��/ ��/ ��/.

��/���� �� �� ��/� ��� ��� �� �"�/� �� �" �/� ��� �� ���� �� �/

�� ����

�� �� �-+� ���/�� ��� � ���/�K� �

�7. - �3 �3 �3 .

���� �/+� �� �� �� �/%� ���� ��� ��

�� ��

��%� �� �� ��7 � �H�

�� .

14 - 2 2 2 � �2 �2 �2 � �2 �2 �2 � ��2 ��2 ��2 �

��� ��� ��� � ��� ��� ��� � �H� �H� �H�.

� �U ���� � �H� �� �� �" �� �� �" ��� �� ��

�� ��� ��� ��.

* �� �� ��/+ � ��" �# �� �� ��/- ��� �/+ ���� ��U� ��� �� �/% �� ��

���� ��- �� �"�� � �U ���� �" �/ �� �I ��- �� �/

�� ���+ �

�+ ��� ��+ ��� �� �/

�� ���+ �� �" ��� �� ��� ��

�� ��� ���/

�K� ��7 �

�� ��

��%� �� �-++ ��/.

Page 12: N CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE · The Chaldean Alphabet In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet, there are 22 original consonants and 7 vowel marks. According to the classic Chaldean

12

Vocabulary: Amyra - Prince Balaya - Calamity, catastrophe Barayi - Outside Batta - Duck Dunyi - World Dyka - Rooster Gawayi - Inside Kaldaya - Chaldean Klyla - Crown Lyri - Coins Mar Tyma - Valuable Maya - Water

Raby - Teacher, professor Taly - For me Tura - Mountain Tyma - Value Tyna - Mud W (Waw) - And Yama - Sea Yimma - Mother ’Ylana - Tree Yoma - Day Yona - Dove

21

LESSON EIGHT

The Modifiable Letters: Six letters in the Chaldean alphabet accept modification, by the addition of a dot or a semi circle under the letter, in order to produce six new consonants. We will introduce them one by one.

: (The Beth becomes Waw) 1- ( ← �(

�� � �I �� ��� �I

��� ��� �� ��

��� �� � �I

�� ��� ����/��7 �� �� ��+.

: (The Gamal becomes Ghamal) 2- ) ← �)

�� �� � �J# ����-, ��

�� �J

���- ����� � ��@ �� �-K��� �M �� �� �.

: (The Dalath becomes Dhalath) 3- + ← 4

�9 ��� �- ��� ���� �%�� �"1

���+ �

�9 � �I? ���9 �M� �

�4�9�.

: (The Kap becomes Khap) 4 - �7 ← � �7

��� �� �/� � �/ �� �� ����� ���

�� �� ����� ��

� ������ ��� �� �/�� �� ��

�-��.

: (The Pe becomes Phe) 5 - �� ← �X�

�V� �����d �

�=�� �"� � �- ��/��� X��� �� �-K� ��@ ���

�� �e ��� �� ��XD.

: (The Taw becomes Thaw) 6- � ← ��

�� ���� �� � ��� � ��@ ���

��"#�� �� �/K

��� ��

�����7 ���

��.

Page 13: N CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE · The Chaldean Alphabet In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet, there are 22 original consonants and 7 vowel marks. According to the classic Chaldean

20

Vocabulary:

’Alma - World ’Amuqa, ’Amuqta - Deep Habbaba - Dearest Haluya - Sweet Hammam, Hammami - Bathroom, bathrooms Hubba - Love ’Ilya - High Maraqa - Gravy Rahme - Mercy Rizza - Rice Shammama - Loveliest Shamzyya - Watermelon Shapyra, Shapyrta - Pretty (m/f) ’Umra - Age

______________________________________________________

Homework Exercise: Match the following two columns by drawing lines to connect the appropriate word with its meaning.

B

LOVE

HIGH

LOVELIEST

WORLD

WATERMELON

A

� �"���?

�� �" �" ��#

��� �/f"��#

���� �?

�� �� ��1

13

Homework Exercise: Below, write each vocabulary word in Chaldean twice along with its meaning.

__________ = __________ __________ .1

__________ = __________ __________ .2

__________ = __________ __________ .3

__________ = __________ __________ .4

__________ = __________ __________ .5

__________ = __________ __________ .6

__________ = __________ __________ .7

__________ = __________ __________ .8

__________ = __________ __________ .9

__________ = __________ __________ .10

__________ = __________ __________ .11

__________ = __________ __________ .12

__________ = __________ __________ .13

__________ = __________ __________ .14

__________ = __________ __________ .15

__________ = __________ __________ .16

__________ = __________ __________ .17

__________ = __________ __________ .18

__________ = __________ __________ .19

__________ = __________ __________ .20

__________ = __________ __________ .21

__________ = __________ __________ .22

__________ = __________ __________ .23

Page 14: N CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE · The Chaldean Alphabet In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet, there are 22 original consonants and 7 vowel marks. According to the classic Chaldean

14

19

LESSON SEVEN

With the introduction of the last two basic consonants (Heth & ’E) in this lesson, we will terminate the exposition of the 22 characters or letters of the Chaldean alphabet.

21 - �0 � 0 0 0 � ��0 ��0 ��0 � �0 �0 �0 � �0 �0 �0 �0 � ��1 ��1 ��1 �

��1 ��1 ��1 � �0 �H1 �H1 �H1.

�� �"�" � �1 ����/ ��� � �1 ���

�I �I � �1 ��� �"1��� ���

�� ��1.

22 - � ��>

��>

��> � �> �> �> �

�>

�>

�> � > > >

�H? �H? �H? � ��? ��? ��? � ��? ��? ��? � �> �> �>.

��� �"���? �� �� ��"

��? ��

��� ��? ����� �?.

* � �� �"1���- � �� ��1� �/ ��� � �1 ���� �-� ���� �? �

�� ���

����� ���� ���- ���� ��� �/f"

��#- �� �� ���

�� �D

��# �

��W �

�� �����

� �I �I � �1 ��� �� ��"��? �

���� ��

�� �� �

�� ��� �� � ��� �D

��#

� �" �" ��#-� �"�

��?���F�7 �� �"�

��? �� � ����F�7 ����W

��� ��

��W �

�� ����

�D� ��� ��� ���D� �

��.

Page 15: N CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE · The Chaldean Alphabet In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet, there are 22 original consonants and 7 vowel marks. According to the classic Chaldean

18

Vocabulary:

Sapra - Tomorrow Shqol - Take Shuqa - Market Sipya - Clean, clear, pure Sitwa - Winter Smoqa - Red Soma - Lent Ta maha - What for? Why? Waraqa - Paper

Behra - Light Hayyu - Come Hona - Mind Honana - Mindful, intelligent Nahra - River Qalama - Pen Qalula - Quick, quickly Qaryra - Cold Qasra - Palace

______________________________________________________

Homework Exercise:

Combine the following two columns in a meaningful manner.

B

���� �@ ���� �/�

���

�� �� ��"= � �� ���

���

�� ����

A

����W �

�� �� �� �-@ �� �� �-, �� �- �= ��/

��,

__________________ _________________ 1.

__________________ _________________ 2.

__________________ __________________ 3.

__________________ _________________ 4.

__________________ _________________ 5.

15

LESSON FIVE

In this lesson, we will add three more consonants and one vowel to our knowledge of the Chaldean alphabet. The three consonants are: Zayn, Pe & Simkath. The vowel is the Long ‘e’, with which we complete the exposition of the seven vowels.

15 - �� �� �� � �� �� �� � � � � � � �-� �-� �-� � ���

��� ���

�3� �3� �3� � �-� �-� �-�.

�� ��� �-� ���� �� �

�� ���� �/f�

��� � ��� ����� � �f �� �

�� �# ���. 16 -

��A

��A

��A � �A �A �A � �A �A �A � A A A �

�H� �H� �H� � ��� ��� ��� � ��� ��� ���.

�����D� ��/ ���D���� ���D� �

�� ������� � �� ������ �� �� ���� �" ���.

- - - - �� � �) � �8 � �( � �2 � �A � ��7.

����F�7 ����#�� �K��I �� ��� �� �� ��

���� ��

�� �� ���

��F�� .

17 - �b �b �b � �b �b �b � b b b � � ��b �

�b ��b

�b �b. ��= ��= ��= � �b � �H= �H= �H= � ��= ��= ��= �� �� �� �H= ���

�" �E��� ���

�" �E��� ���

��F �= ����D �= ���

�= ��7.

* ���� ��+ ��� �# ��� �� �� ��7 ��� �/f�

��� ��

�� �� �

�� � ��� �-� ��� ����� ��� �" �E

��� �� �� �� �/F� �

��F��� �� �#�� �

�D��� ��� ��� �

�� �� ��+ ��F�7������ ��

����+ �� �� ���+ ���+ � �� �" ���

� �� �� �� �� ��/- � �= ��7 �� ����� �-� ��� �� �� ��F �=+� ��D �=

�� �������+� �H= K�I �� �� ���D� ���� �� �" �E

���� �H�

��.

Page 16: N CHALDEAN LANGUAGECHALDEAN LANGUAGE · The Chaldean Alphabet In the Aramaic Chaldean alphabet, there are 22 original consonants and 7 vowel marks. According to the classic Chaldean

16

Vocabulary:

Bassyma (m), Bassymta (f) - Delicious or Thank You Bera - Well (of water) Bushala = Cooked food Byza - Spilled Garma D-Pyla - Bone of the Elephant (ivory) Gebid - Nearby Kepa - Rock Kosa - Hair Leli - Night Malpana - Teacher Papa - Pope Pera - Fruit Plyma - Bent, crooked, distorted Prizla - Steel

Pyla - Elephant Rapi - Shelf Resha - Head Sema - Silver Sepa - Sword Sy - Go Tama - There, over there Tera, teri - Bird, birds Tumrana - The color of dates (brown) Yulpana - Teaching Zamara - Singer, singing Zanzyra - Starling (black bird) Zimmorta - Song Zorna - Flute

______________________________________________________

Homework Exercise:

Fill in the blank by choosing the appropriate word from the vocabulary list on the left.

Vocabulary List

����F�7 ����F��

������+

�� �� �� �� �" ���

�� �� �� �/F�. _____________ 1.

. _____________ ��� �� 2.

���+ ���+. _____________ 3.

. _____________ ������ 4.

�� �� ��/-. _____________ 5.

17

LESSON SIX

In this lesson, three additional letters are introduced to you. They are: He, Qop, & Sade.

18 - � �, �, �, � ��,

��,

��, � �, �, �, � �, �, �, � , , ,

� �/, � �/, � �/, � �-, �-, �-, � �-, �-, �-, .

�-,�� �� � �-,��� ��� �� � ��e��� � �e�� �� �� � ��/

��, ��

��e �

�� g

19 - �h �h � �h �h �h � h h h � ��h ��h ��h � �h �h �h � ��� ��� ��� �

��� ��� ��� � �h �H� �H� �H�.

� ���� � �- ��

�" �� ��� �� �� ��"= �� �� ��# �8

��M# ���� �/�

��� ��

�� ������.

20 - � �@ �@ �@ � ��@

��@

��@ � �@ �@ �@ � �@ �@ �@ � @ @ @

�-@ �-@ �3@ �3@ �3@ � �-@ �-@ �-@ � �-@.

��� �@ ���� �-@ ��

��� �

�@ ����W �

��.

* ��� �� �� �� ��/+ ���e�� ����� �@ ��� �-, ��/

��, ��

��e �

��+ �� �� ���

��� ��M# � �e �� �� �� �" �� �

��- ����� � �- 8 �� �� ��"= �

��W �

�� � �� �-@ �H= �

��� �

�@ ���� �/�

��� �- �= �� ��

�� � �� ����.