My presentation on Rising Influence of China

THE RISING INFLUENCE OF CHINESE MILITARY

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• Background

• China’s interests in seas

• New weapon systems and the conduct of military

exercises

• Repercussions of civil-military rift on Chinese

military gains

• Conclusion

SEQUENCE4

• New phase of military development

• New Roles and missions for the PLA

• Beyond China’s immediate territorial interests

• Diplomatic advantages and resolve disputes in favor

INTRODUCTION5

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IN SPACE

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POWERFUL MILITARY

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POWERFUL MILITARY

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President Hu Jintao

“The future and destiny of modern

China is closely linked to the future and

destiny of the world. China’s development

cannot be done without the world and

the world’s development

needs China.”

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China has become an important member of the international system.

China cannot develop in isolation from

the rest of the world, nor can the world enjoy prosperity and stability without China.

China’s 2008 Defense White Paper

CHINESE MILITARY11

• PLA has exercised its prevailing influence

• Achieving national interests

• Resolving international issues

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DISPUTE RESOLVED ON CHINESE TERMS

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• US-Spy plane EP-3 collided with a Chinese

fighter jet

13DISPUTE RESOLVED ONCHINESE TERMS Cont’d…

• Fighter crashed, killing the pilot

• International dispute generated between two powers


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• EP-3 forced to make an emergency landing

DISPUTE RESOLVED ONCHINESE TERMS Cont’d…

• 24 American crewmen taken into custody

• EP-3 with secret surveillance equipment captured by Chinese Military

• China demanded public apology by US

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EXAMPLE DISPUTE RESOLVED ON CHINESE TERMS


• Bush administration’s foreign-policy crisis

• Pentagon and the Bush administration was aggressive

• US will not apologize. Vice President Dick Cheney

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• Chinese Foreign Office replied with PLA’s rigid stand

• China received apology letter from US

• Bush also wrote apology letter to the widow of lost

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DISASSEMBLED ON HAINAN ISLAND

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US-SPY PLANE EP-320

The EP-3 is the jewel in the crown of the US

Navy and the loss of its secrets

to a potential unfriendly nation is a grievous loss to the US

New York Times

CHINA PLAYING ROLE IN INTERNATIONAL ISSUES

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CHINA PLAYING ROLE IN INTERNATIONAL ISSUES

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China playing a significantly more positive role in the world than either the US or Russia.

BBC POLLS 22 COUNTRIES

26“ASIAN OPINIONS ON CHINA’S FUTURE AS A SUPER POWER

4 % 4 % 7 %

10 % 6% 4 %

CambodiaPhilippines

12 % 9 % 5 % India10 % 10 % 8 % Vietnam

19 % 20 % 6 % Malaysia

12 % 20 %18 % Singapore

Next 10 Years Next 20 Years Next 50 Years

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CHINA’S INTERESTS IN SEAS

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• Sea power has determined the fate of nations

• “China is a sea power”. President Hu Jintao

• Access and use of the sea

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CHINA’S INTERESTS IN SEAS28

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SOUTH CHINA SEA

EAST CHINA SEA

WESTERN PACIFIC

CHINA’S INTRESTS IN SEAS

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1

Economic InterestsShipping

Lanes

2

Natural ResourcesOil, Gas &

Fishing resources

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Force Projection

Securing Extensive

Sovereignty

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MAJOR INTERESTS IN SEAS

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CHINA’S INTERESTS IN SEAS

Emphasizing sea power in the process of economic development

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SOUTH CHINA SEA

EAST CHINA SEAPACIFIC OCEAN

35PLA NAVY BASE ON HAINAN ISLAND

Ground entrance to underground submarine base

Nuclear Submarine

Underground Sub Entrance

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PROCUREMENT OF NEW WEAPON SYSTEMS AND CONDUCT OF

MILITARY EXERCISES

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37PROCUREMENT OF WEAPON SYSTEMS

PLA WEAPONS

SU-27 SU-30 J-8

• Advanced multi role aircrafts

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JF-17 J-11 B JH-7

PLA WEAPONS

• Advanced multi role aircrafts

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H-6 IL-78 H-6 Refueler

PLA WEAPONS

• Bomber and aerial-refuelers

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AWACS KJ-2000 STEALTH J-20

PLA WEAPONS

• AWACS and Stealth

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Sovremennyi-class Guided missile Destroyers

YUANNuclear Submarine

Killo-class conventional Submarines

SOVREMENNYI

PLA WEAPONS

• Destroyer & Submarines

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PLA WEAPONS

• Aircraft-Carrier research and development

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• Rapid reaction units (RRUs)

PLA WEAPONS 47

Nuclear forces DF-31, df-41

CSS-4s, CSS-3s, and CSS-5s.

Medium-Range Ballistic Missiles

(1,000-3,000 km)

Ground Attack Munitions

all-weather, satellite-guided bombs, laser-

guided bombs.

Land-Attack Cruise Missiles YJ-63, KD-88 ,DH-10

Anti-Ship Cruise Missiles1950s-era CSS- N-2, SS-N-22, SS-N-27B

Short-Range Ballistic Missiles

(< 1,000 km)

PLA WEAPONS 48

Manned-Space ASAT WeaponsSatellite Navigation System

• China has a very active space program

PLA WEAPONS 49

ASAT CAPABILITY50

• Developing capability for computer network operations (CNO)

PLA WEAPONS 51

$1.5 to $2 billion

$80 to $120 million

What does a stealth bomber cost?

What does a stealth fighter cost?

$1 to $2 millionWhat does a cruise missile cost?

$300 to $50,000What does a cyber weapon cost?

PLA WEAPONS

• Cyber weapons

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• China developing capability to conduct Integrated Joint Operations (IJO)

CONDUCT OF MILITARY EXERCISES

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• IJO, concept essential to modern warfare

CONDUCT OF MILITARY EXERCISES

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• PLA participation in bilateral and multilateral exercises

• Military and political benefits for PRC

• Contributes to PLA modernization

• PLA capabilities enhanced

CONDUCT OF MILITARY EXERCISESCOMBINED EXERCISES

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• “AMAN 2009” a multilateral naval exercise hosted by Pakistan


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• China and Gabon conducted “Peace Angel ”


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• China and Singapore conducted “Exercise Cooperation ”


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• China and Mongolia held “Peacekeeping Mission ”


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• Sino-Russian counterterrorism exercise


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• UN sponsored peace operations


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• Pak-China Special forces exercises


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64REPURCUSSIONS OF CIVIL MILITARY RIFT ON CHINESE

MILITARY GAINS

• “Civilians make policy and the military

executes”

• Misunderstandings proven costly in national security decision-making

• “Approach the line” with advice without “crossing the line”

REPURCUSSIONS OF CIVIL MILITARY RIFT ON CHINESE

MILITARY GAINS

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MILITARY POWER IS BASED ON

Numbers of soldiers and resources

Technology effectiveness and sophistication of equipment

Organization the discipline, training and morale of troops and effectiveness of leadership

Society willingness of society to purse military force

• Military’s advisory role is broad in china

and is honored

• PLA is just not a tool to safeguard China’s boundaries

• Civilian leadership requires strong military to protect national interests

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PLA ROLE IN CHINA’S POLICIES

“We must establish sound systems of weapons and equipment,

research and manufacturing and combine military efforts with civilian

support, build the armed

forces through diligence and thrift and blaze a path of development

with Chinese characteristics featuring military and civilian integration”

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President Hu Jintao

• Civilian leadership decides the objective of military action

• Military decides upon the best way of achieving the objective

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CIVIL-MILITARY RELATION

• Effective Civil-Military relation depends upon

Understanding roles and responsibilities

across the relationships

Balancing professional competencies with

professional responsibilities

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• Friction among institutions

• Military may loose its prime focus

• Confused political environment

• Path towards great China may diminish

• Civilian efforts/support for modernizing PLA may get affected

71REPURCUSSIONS OF CIVIL MILITARY RIFT

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CIVIL-MILITARY RIFT

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Focus on development Military/Economy

1111

3333

2222

Utilizing its Seas

4444 Civil-Military Cooperation and support.

PLA protecting China’s interests

China’s powerful military, a rising influence

CONCLUSION

BIBLOGRAPHY

• Internet

• http://www.china.org.cn

• http://wikipedia.org

• China’s Military and Security Developments

• http://bbc.co.uk

• http://www.gallup.com

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QUESTIONS

My presentation on Rising Influence of China

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