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Survival guideSurvival guideBy ZakBy Zak

Why did the Tsar Survive this Why did the Tsar Survive this Revolution?Revolution?

Point 1: The Rebels Lacked Direction

(Due to its spontaneous nature, the revolt lacked:)

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UNITYUNITY

The peasants, workers, and liberal politicians al wanted very different and sometimes contradictory things. The Liberals in particular were scared by the newly unleashed forces (A famous quote by Struvel; “Thank God for the Tsar, who has saved us from the people!”). In general, most sources point to the idea that very few people wanted all out Revolutionary Change, they merely wanted concessions from the Tsar.

LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP

Lenin was in London, Stalin in Siberia, and Trotsky alienated many would be followers with his plan to actually overthrow the Tsar AND the entire political structure.

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Why did the Tsar Survive this Why did the Tsar Survive this Revolution?Revolution?

Point 2: The Tsar appeased the majority with the concessions made to Liberals and the Peasants

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*The lack of unity among his opponents made it easy for the Tsar to divide them

*The October Manifesto served to split the moderates from the revolutionaries.

PEASENTSPEASENTS

were satisfied with the Tsar’s promise of land reform and agricultural disturbances fell off dramatically.

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LIBERALSLIBERALS

feared “anarchy more than monarchy” (McAuley) were satisfied with the Tsar’s promise of a legislative Duma and a relaxation of censorship laws.

Why did the Tsar Survive this Why did the Tsar Survive this Revolution?Revolution?

The Tsar uses the Army and Black Hundreds to crush the Proletariat

*The autocracy never really lost control of their main instruments of oppression. This aided greatly in its survival:

THE POLICETHE POLICE

• arrested the leaders of the St. Petersburg Soviet, including Trotsky.

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THE ARMYTHE ARMY

• brutally crushed a Moscow strike killing 100 persons…and Lenin arrived too late to play a role in the situation

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used to.

THE BLACK HUNDREDSTHE BLACK HUNDREDS

Crushed other riots in the Baltic and Georgia and killed many Jews in Odessa

The workers lacked the will to further resist, General Strikes called in St. Petersburg and Moscow had slowed or calmed and most workers, needing to feed their families, simply returned to work.

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So, If everything was so bad…So, If everything was so bad…what were the what were the

changes/significances of the changes/significances of the 1905 Revolution?1905 Revolution?

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The DumaThe DumaRegardless of its successes or failures, it

had been established, and it had been a popular idea to provide hope and conversation for people and politics.

The St. Petersburg Soviet – The St. Petersburg Soviet – also also established, it displayed strong established, it displayed strong

working class solidarity to be useful working class solidarity to be useful in later necessary circumstances.in later necessary circumstances.

The division between different opposition groups had been highlighted:

(a) the Social Revolutionaries controlled the peasentry (which they held until after the Bolshevik takeover)

(b) the Social Democrats were cought unaware and lost credibility (and in turn, quite a bit of membership…90% by 1905.).

The EndThe End