Mussel watch programme in support of the WFD monitoring : the

RINBIO and MYTILOS project

Louis A. ROMAÑA

Ifremer - France

Workshop on ‘In-situ trialing for ecological ande chemical studiesin support of the WFD implementation’ – 14-15 May 2008 - Pau

RINBIO Network

Assesment of chemical contamination on the French Mediterranean Coast

Bio-monitoring of chemicals

Advantages of sentinel organisms

They concentrate the contaminants in their flesh in proportion to their bio-availability

Contamination levels in the flesh reflect the average contamination of the water

They enable us to compensate for contamination level fluctuations in the water

The analisis is facilitated by higher contamination levels in the organisms

They make it possible to evaluate the impact of pollutants on sea organisms

Mussel : an internationally recognized bio- integrator

•species which tolerates brutal environmental variations •well know physiology •an abundant widespread species, •easy to identify and collect •concentration factor of 103 to 105, without mortality •bio-accumulate dissolved and particular phases

Bio-monitoring of chemicals

Two strategies

Passive - Biomonitoring

• use of natural or cultivated mussels (mussel watch, RNO)

Active Bio-monitoring

• transplantation of a single sample

Species

•Mytillus galloprovincialis•Same site, •low contamination levels•16 months old•50 mm long

Active Biomonitoring : RINBIO Network

Method

In a plastic bagIn 20 m to 30 m depth in open seaOn existing structures in lagoon

Implantation

In sexuel inactivity period (april to july)For 3 month period

ACTIVE BIOMONITORING

ContaminantsHeavy metals

Cd, Hg, Zn, Pb, Cu, As, Ni, Cr

Organic DDT,DDD,DDE, PCBs, PAHs

Radioelements

137

Cs, 60

Co, 106

Ru, 40 K

RINBIO Network: easy use

Number of stations and recuperation rates

Campaigns

1996 - 84 stations - 84 %

1998 - 40 stations - 86 %

2000 - 97 stations - 95 %

2003 - 103 stations - 98 %

2006 – 101 stations – 96 %

RINBIO Network : adjustment models

Type 2

[CONT] = a* (IC ) + b

Type 1

[CONT] = a* (1/( IC )) + b

ZincCadmiumMercuryLeadCopperArsenicNickelChrome

DDTsPCBsPAHs

MODELE DDD

PS/PC

[DD

D]

0.11 0.14 0.17 0.2 0.23 0.26 0.290

5

10

15

MODELE MERCURE

PS/PC

[Hg]

0.11 0.14 0.17 0.2 0.23 0.26 0.290

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

Cad

miu

m

[Cd = 0.12 * [1/CI] - 0.22]R2 = 87.9 cp < 0,0001

Condition index

Station 8

Station 9

Station 87

RINBIO Network : Nickel

Réseau RINBIO (campagne 2000) : concentrations ajustées en Nickel

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

Stations

Co

ncen

trati

on

(en

µg

/g p

.s)

RINBIO Network : Lead

Réseau RINBIO (campagne 2000) : concentrations ajustées en Plomb

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Stations

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

en µ

g/g

p.s

)

RINBIO Network : DDD

Réseau RINBIO (campagne 2000) : concentrations ajustées en DDD

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Stations

Co

ncen

trati

on

(en

ng

/g p

.s)

MYTILOS PROJECT

Assesment of chemical contamination on the Occidental Mediterranean Coast

PartnersRegione Siciliana

Assessorato IndustriaScience and Technology Park of Sicily

ICRAM

Which Contaminants to analyse in MYTILOS

Cadmium, Nickel , Lead, Mercury and its compouds

Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon compounds : (Benzo(a)pyrène, Benzo(b)fluoroanthène, benzo(g,h,i)pérylène, Benzo(k)fluoroanthène, Fluoroanthène, Anthracène (16 compouds)

DDT,DDD,DDE, PCBs, HCH

PBDE

Dioxins

Nonylphénols , octylphenols

Water Framework Directive

Radionucleids compouds (Cs, Co)

MYTILOS project : adjustment models

Raw data - Cd

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

Cre

us

C.

Cre

us

C. (2

)Rose

s G

.M

edas

I.B

eso

s R

.B

eso

s R

(2)

Beso

s W

TP

Barc

elo

na

Llobre

gat

R.

Llobre

gat

Ebro

R.

Colu

mbre

tes

Vale

nci

aG

andia

Javea

Mahon

Forn

ells

Trebelu

jaC

iuta

della

Port

oco

lom

Cala

d´O

rA

lcudia

Cabre

raSoller

Palm

aSta

. Po

usa

Sta

. Eula

lia

Form

ente

raEiv

issa

St.

Anto

nio

Tabarc

a I.

Guard

am

ar

Horm

igas

I.C

alb

lanque

Port

man

Agua C

.C

art

agena I.

Aguilas

Gata

C.

Alm

erí

aA

dra

Torr

ox

Mála

ga

Fuengir

ola

Marb

ella

Alg

eci

ras

Ceuta

mg

/kg

(d

.w.)

IEO

IFREMER

CADMIUM LEVELS IEO/IFREMER

Sp

an

i sh

In

st i

t ut e

of

Ocean

og

r ap

hy

MYTILOS project : adjustment models

RowNames Model R-square p-value

Plomb PB = 0.02 * CI + 0.937 6,18 0,01

Cadmium CD = 0.123 * CI + 0.013 84,87 0

Mercure HG = 0.008 * CI + 0.007 82,03 0

Nickel NI = 0.052 * CI + 0.376 51,98 0

DDD DDD = 10.455 * IC + 0.29 33,22 0Somme DDTs SDDTs = 15.949 * IC + 1.288 21,23 0

Congénère138 CB138 = 13.761 * IC + 1.253 8,71 0,01Somme PCBs SPCBs = 35.899 * IC + 5.459 12,76 0

Fluorène FLUORENE = -21.877 * IC + 7.687 13,01 0Fluoranthène FLUORANTHENE = -3.948 * IC + 2.355 4,62 0,04

Somme 16 HAPs S16HAPs = -31.864 * IC + 46.942 1,07 0,28

MYTILOS project : adjustment models

MYTILOS project : adjustment models

MYTILOS project : adjustment models

MYTILOS project : adjustment models

MYTILOS project : adjustment models

MYTILOS project : adjustment models

MYTILOS project : adjustment models