8

Music Southeast Asian Music

Music— Grade 8

Alternative Delivery Mode

Quarter 1 — Module 1: Southeast Asian Music

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City

Division Superintendent: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI

Printed in the Philippines by

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Office Address: Brgy. 23, National Highway, Gingoog City

Telefax: 088-328-0108 / 088328-0118

E-mail Address: gingoog.city@deped.gov.ph

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Julita A. Lauroza

Reviewer: Sherwin A. Cuerdo, EPS-MAPEH Jenny R. NAvarro, MAPEH Department Head Julita A. Lauroza

Layout Artist: Joemar P. Valdevilla

Management Team

Chairperson: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairperson: Conniebel C. Nistal, PhD Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Pablito B. Altubar, CID Chief

Members: Sherwin A. Cuerdo, EPS-MAPEH Himaya B. Sinatao, LRMS Manager Jay Michael A. Calipusan, PDO II Mercy M. Caharian, Librarian II

8

Music Quarter 1 – Module 1:

Southeast Asian Music

Table of Contents

What This Module is About ................................................................................................................... i

What I Need to Know .............................................................................................................................. i

How to Learn from this Module ........................................................................................................... i

Icons of this Module ............................................................................................................................... ii

What I Know ........................................................................................................................................... iii

Lesson 1:

Vocal and Instrumental Music of Cambodia, Indonesia,

Myanmar and Malaysia ...................................................................................................... 1

What I Need to Know.................................................................................................. 1

What’s New…………….Activity 1: Play with Me ............................................. 1

What Is It……………….Cambodia ......................................................................... 3

What’s More……………Activity 2: Pinpeat Musician ................................... 4

What’s New…………….Activity 3: Listening to Indonesian Music …. .... 5

What Is It……………….Indonesia ......................................................................... 6

What’s More……………Activity 4: Compare and Contrast .......................... 8

What’s New…………….Activity 5: Listening to Myanmar Music ............. 8

What Is It……………….Myanmar........................................................................... 9

What’s New…………….Activity 6: Listening to Malaysian Music ............ 11

What Is It……………….Malaysia …. ..................................................................... 12

What’s More……………Activity 7: Song Analysis ......................................... 15

What I Have Learned…Activity 8: Concept Map ............................................ 16

What I Can Do…….…..Activity 9: Mr. and Ms. Southeast Asia 2020....... 16

Lesson 2:

Vocal and Instrumental Music of Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and

Singapore ......................................................................................................................................... 17

What’s In ........................................................................................................................ 17

What I Need to Know.................................................................................................. 17

What’s New…………….Activity 1: Listening to Thai Music ........................ 17

What Is It……………….Thailand ............................................................................ 18

What’s More……………Activity 2: Describe Me .............................................. 20

What’s New…………….Activity 3: Listening to Music of Laos …. ........... 20

What Is It……………….Laos ................................................................................... 21

What’s More……………Activity 4: Song Analysis .......................................... 22

What’s New…………….Activity 5: Listening to Vietnamese Music ........ 23

What Is It……………….Vietnam ............................................................................. 23

What’s More……………Activity 6: Song Analysis ......................................... 26

What’s New…………….Activity 7: Listen to the Music of Singapore …. 26

What Is It…………….…Singapore ....................................................................... 27

What’s More……………Activity 8: Song Analysis ......................................... 28

What I Have Learned…Activity 9: Concept Map ............................................ 29

What I Can Do…….…..Activity 10: Post a Status ........................................... 29

Summary............................................................................................................................................... 30

Assessment: (Post-Test) ................................................................................................................ 30

Key to Answers .................................................................................................................................. 32

References ........................................................................................................................................... 35

What This Module is About

It’s more fun in the Philippines! These words remind us of our wonderful experience

in studying Philippine music in our Grade 7 lessons. Truly we should be proud to be Filipinos

for having a very rich culture especially in music and arts.

We will now move on to our friendly neighbors in Southeast Asia. You will notice that

our music is very similar to that of our neighbors. In this module, you will find different

activities where you can learn and show your understanding of the basic concepts and

principles of Southeast Asian music. You will also discover how people from the Southeast

Asian countries express their feelings towards each other, towards the environment, and

their history and beliefs through vocal or instrumental music.

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. listen perceptively to music of Southeast Asia (MU8SE-Ia-h-2)

2. analyze musical elements of selected songs and instrumental pieces

heard and performed. (MU8SE-Ib-h-4)

3. explore ways of producing sounds on a variety of sources that would

simulate instruments being studied. MU8SE-Ic-h-6)

How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:

1. Carefully read all the lessons.

2. Take your time on going thru each lesson.

3. Answer the pretest honestly; the purpose of the pretest is for you to

determine your prior knowledge before going thru the lessons and activities.

4. If you have a hard time understanding the lessons and activities,

please do take a break. Having breaks between lessons and activities will

give you some space where you can absorb the lesson well.

5. You can use the internet if you need more information about the lesson.

6. Contact your subject teacher if you have some questions about the

submission of your output.

i

ii

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that

Know are set for you to learn as you go along the

module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,

meant specifically to gauge prior related

knowledge

What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that

of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented

to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-

standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to

master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and

applied into real-life concerns and situations.

What I Know

Activity 1: Guess Where I Belong (Pre-test)

Direction: From the pictures of instruments, costumes, folk symbols, artworks, scenery and

other aspects of culture of the Southeast Asian countries, identify the origin of the objects.

Write your answers on your activity notebook.

https://www.vietvisiontravel.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Vietnamese-Stringed-Instrument-Dan-

Day.jpg

2. 1.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Traditional_indonesian_instruments04.jpg

6. 5.

https://thaiest.com/blog/national-costumes-of-southeast-asian-countries

4.

https://www.sirinyas-thailand.de/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/White_Elephant_of_Thailand_Dressed-

credit-Sodacan-wikimedia.org_.png

https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/c3PaNasrWDcLc4Uzfh7Cq_H4HBhnW2Kd3UmJ6Z

gKs_WGLg7k1Pj_LvR-QhBvKLR-KS3xJlACI7etsXof3NSr_QCSr_5eqhkQDWlfPIpsByWfLzOKuA

https://www.galatourist.asia/media/news/2006_khaen.jpg

3.

iii

Activity 2: Fasten Your Seatbelt

https://pov-tc.pbs.org/pov/media/2003/thefluteplayer/thefluteplayer-ensemble-rthung-364x140.jpg

10.

8. 7.

https://www.musicendangerment.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/boys_400-e1423181957123.jpg

https://www.indochina.tours/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Myanmar-national-dress.jpg

https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/flags/coat_of_arms/Brunei.png

9.

Direction: You have 5 plane tickets to travel and ready to take adventure to Southest Asian

countries. Bring with you with the map, name each ticket where you want to visit the most

and give two reasons why you choose it. Write it on your activity notebook. Enjoy your

vacation!

iv

Map of Southeast Asia

Source:

https://asiasociety.org/sites/default/files/styles/1200w/public/M/map_southeast_asia.jpg

SOUTHEAST ASIAN COUNTRIES:

1.

v

1. Brunei

2. Cambodia

3. Indonesia

4. Laos

5. Malaysia

6. Myanmar

7. Philippines

8. Singapore

9. Thailand

10. Timor-Leste

11. Vietnam

1

Lesson

Vocal and Instrumental Music

Of Cambodia, Indonesia,

Myanmar and Malaysia

1

What I Need to Kow

Vocal music is music made specifically for voices. It may be performed with or

without instruments while Instrumental music is made solely for instruments.

What’s New

Activity 1: Play With Me

Direction: Look at each picture and try to identify how it is played. Try to remember the

Hornbostel-Sachs classification of instruments that you learned in Grade 7. Is it an

aerophone, chordophone, idiophone, membranophone, or an electrophone?

1.

2

4.

2. 3.

3

7. 8.

4

What Is It

Activity 1 shows the different instruments of Southeast Asian counties. In

this lesson, it will focus on the vocal and instrumental music of Southeast Asian

countries particularly in Cambodia, Indonesia, Myanmar and Malaysia.

Let’s take a look first in Cambodia!

9. 10.

CAMBODIA

5

Cambodia is one of the most beautiful countries in Southeast Asia. It is also

known as Kâmpŭchéa. It was the center of the Khmer (Cambodian) kingdom of

Angkor, a great empire that dominated Southeast Asia for 600 years. Their music

gained a world-wide reputation in the 1960s until the dramatic political problems in

Cambodia.

Cambodian court music is roughly similar to that of Java, Indonesia. They

feature choruses with large orchestras based on struck keys and gongs.

The Pinpeat is a Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that usually

accompanies ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples. Music is always part

of their court dances, masked plays, shadow plays, and religious ceremonies. This

group is similar to the Piphat ensemble of Thailand and usually consists of nine or

ten instruments.

6

1. Skorthom – two big drums similar to Japanese (membranophone)

2. Samphor – a double-headed drum played with hands (membranophone)

3. Chhing – finger cymbals (idiophone)

4. Oneat – xylophones (idiophone)

5. Kongvong – gong circles (idiophone)

What’s More

Activity 2: Pinpeat Musician

Direction: Visit www.youtube.com and type in the links to watch video clips of

Pinpeat. After watching the performances, answer the questions found on the next

page. Write your answers in your notebook.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tYa-N6cKGY

7

1. In 3-5 sentences, describe how the Pinpeat musicians play their

instruments.

2. How many instrument players were needed to form the Pinpeat?

3. Are there instruments made of wood or metal?

You can also visit the following web pages for additional reference:

http://www.istov.de/htmls/cambodia/cambodia_start.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodian_music

http://www.keosambathmusic.com/index.htm

What’s New

Activity 3: Listening to Indonesian Music

Direction: Listen/watch to the examples of traditional instrumental of vocal music of

Indonesia. For those who don’t have an access to the internet, you can turn on your

radio. Scheduled time of airing will be announced. Answer the guide questions that

follows.

Indonesia: The Gamelan Music of Indonesia

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vx5VzphVxRs

8

Based on the videos, answer the guide question in your activity notebook.

1. What is your impression about the music you have heard?

2. What instruments are used in the music samples? (based your answer in

Hombostel-Sach Classification of Instruments)

3. What mood of feelings does it express?

4. How do the instruments help express the mood of the piece?

5. Is the song fast, slow or does the tempo vary?

What Is It

In the activity above you have listened the music from a particular country in

Southeast Asia. If Cambodia has the Pinpeat ensemble, do other Southeast Asian

countries have their own musical ensembles? Let’s find out! Let’s continue the ride

and explore the beauty of Indonesian music.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1AiCTJ9t8g&feature=share

INDONESIA

9

Borobudur Temple

https://www.indonesia-tourism.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Borobudur-Temple-Sunrise-e1553916223163.jpg

Indonesia is an archipelago in Southeast Asia comprising approximately 17,500

islands. With over 238 million people, Indonesia is the world's fourth most populous country

and is the fourth biggest nation of the world. Through interaction with other cultures such as

Indian, Arabic, Chinese, and European, a wide range of musical styles has been developed.

Today, the contemporary music of Indonesia is popular not only in the region but also in the

neighboring countries.

There are two basic kinds of Indonesian music scale:

Slendro – five (5) equidistant tones in octave

Peloq – heptatonic (7) tone scale with semi tone

Both vocal and instrumental music in Indonesia use slendro and peloq scales.

Polyphonic stratification kind of melody is a result of hocket / Interlock.

Interlocking is a common technique used in gong ensembles.

Irama – is an Indonesian term for tempo

10

Gamelan

https://www.homages.cae.wisc.edu/~jjordan/images/gamelan3.jpg

The Gamelan or Gamelan orchestra is the most popular form of music in Indonesia.

There are many types of Gamelan but the famous Javanese and Balinese Gamelan are the

most famous. It contains a variety of instruments such as metallophones, xylophones,

kendang and gongs, bamboo flutes, bowed and plucked strings.

Vocal music is used as ornamentation of the Gamelan. It is as important as

Gamelan.

1. Pesindhen is a female soloist singer who sings with a Gamelan.

2. Gerong refers to the unison male chorus that sings with the Gamelan.

REMEMBER:

*Karawitan is the term for every kind of Gamelan music in Java.

*Gamelan orchestras

– are used to accompany dances, songs, and Wayang Kulit

- are believed to possess supernatural powers

- consider their instruments sacred, therefore stepping over the

instrument is a sign of disrespect

- musicians bow before playing the instruments to show respect

What’s More

11

Activity 4: Compare and Contrast

Direction: Gamelan is very popular in Indonesia. It is quite similar to the kumintang

ensembles of the Philippines. On your activity notebook, make a Venn diagram that

can describe both musical ensembles.

What’s New

Activity 5: Listening to Myanmar Music

Direction: Listen/watch to the examples of traditional instrumental of vocal music of

Myanmar. For those who don’t have an access to the internet, you can turn on your

radio. Scheduled time of airing will be announced. Answer the guide questions that

follows.

Myanmar: ““Full Moon Night - Burmese Harp””

KUMINTANG in

the Philippines

GAMELAN in

Indonesia

BOTH

12

Based on the videos, answer the guide question in your activity notebook.

6. What is your impression about the music you have heard?

7. What instruments are used in the music samples? (based your answer in

Hombostel-Sach Classification of Instruments)

8. What mood of feelings does it express?

9. How do the instruments help express the mood of the piece?

10. Is the song fast, slow or does the tempo vary?

What Is It

In the activity above you have listened the music from a particular country in

Southeast Asia. So, Cambodia has the Pinpeat ensemble while Indonesia has the

Javanese and Balinese Gamelans. However, the Indonesian Gamelans have singers

performing with them. Do other Southeast Asian countries have singers as well as

their musical ensembles? Let’s read on.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CpoUHOCPaNw&f-

eature=share

Myanmar

13

https://thumbs.dreamstime.com/b/shwedagon-pagoda-located-yangon-myanmar-91740190.jpg

Myanmar was known as Burma until 1989. The country’s name was officially

changed by the military government that took over in 1988. Early civilization in Myanmar

dates back to the 1st century with archaeological evidences of the Pyu Kingdoms of

Thayekhittaya (Sri Ksetra), Beithano (Visnu), and Hanlin.

The music of Myanmar (or Burma) has similarities with many other musical traditions

in the region, including Chinese music and Thai music, probably because its longest land

border is shared with China.

The Hsaing Waing is Myanmar’s traditional folk music ensemble. It is made up

mainly of different gongs and drums as well as other instruments depending on the nature of

the performance.

Myanmar’s musical instruments are categorized into two types, the loud sounding

and soft sounding. The loud sounding instruments are performed in open-air ensembles at

ceremonies and festivals. Most of the Hsaing Waing instruments belong to the loud sounding

category.

14

Other instruments in the Hsaing Waing are the:

For more formal and classical performances that are performed indoors, the

ensemble may be accompanied by the saung gauk (13string angular harp with soft sound)

the national instrument of Myanmar, the pattala (Burmese xylophone), or the piano and

violin, both introduced during colonial rule.

2. Chauk Ion Pat

-a set of 8 tuned drums

1. Hne

-a double reed pipe

4. Pat Waing

-a set of 21 drums in a circle

2. Maung Hsaing

-larger bronze gongs in a

rectangular frame

6. Siand Wa

-bell and clapper

5. Kyi Waing

-small bronze gongs in a circular

frame

15

Myanmar not only has musical ensembles but also an extensive collection of

classical songs called the Mahagita. These songs are divided into different types like the

oldest repertoires, royal court music, songs of longing, horses’ dance songs, worship songs

for Burmese spirits, and songs of sorrow and music adapted from Ayutthaya and the Mon

people. The saung gauk usually accompanies these songs.

What’s New

16

Activity 6: Listening to Malaysian Music

Direction: Listen/watch to the examples of traditional instrumental of vocal music of

Malaysia. For those who don’t have an access to the internet, you can turn on your

radio. Scheduled time of airing will be announced. Answer the guide questions that

follows.

Malaysia: “TRADITIONAL Malay Music - Malay Jungle”

Based on the videos, answer the guide question in your activity notebook.

1. What is your impression about the music you have heard?

2. What instruments are used in the music samples? (based your answer in

Hombostel-Sach Classification of Instruments)

3. What mood of feelings does it express?

4. How do the instruments help express the mood of the piece?

5. Is the song fast, slow or does the tempo vary?

What Is It

You have listened the music from a particular country in Southeast Asia form

the previous activity. This time, I will take you to another destination where you are

about to witness a country which is rich in culture.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lj2Ehv21VGQ&feature=share

Malaysia

17

Pahang State Mosque

https://i.pinimg.com/originals/77/75/6d/77756dc1c4ed6635f6a4ba2435533f46.jpg

Malaysia is a constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia. It is divided into two regions:

1. West Malaysia – also known as Peninsular Malaysia

2. East Malaysia – consists of thirteen states and three federal territories. Chinese

and Indian cultural influences made their mark when trade began in the country. Trading

also increased when immigrants flocked to Malaysia.

The country is multi-ethnic and multi-cultural, which plays a large role in developing

their culture. The constitution declares Islam the state religion while protecting freedom of

religion.

Malaysian music is largely based around percussion instruments. It has multi-cultural

influence and is believed to have originated in the KelantanPattani region with a mixture of

Indian, Chinese, Thai, and Indonesian influences.

The music of Malaysia may be categorized into two types:

18

1. Classical and Folk music emerged during the pre-colonial period and still exists

in the form of vocal, dance, and theatrical music.

2. Syncretic or Acculturated music developed during the postPortuguese period

(16th century). It contains elements from both local music and foreign elements of Arabian,

Persian, Indian, Chinese, and Western musical and theatrical sources.

Malaysian Musical Instruments

Musical instruments of Malaysia are greatly associated with their culture and roots.

Due to colonization, the stages of development of Malaysian instruments are great. They

share some common features with Indian musical instruments. After the colonization of

Malaysia by the British, the musical development was influenced by Western music.

Musical Ensembles and Types of Performances in Malaysia

1. Agung and Kulintang

This is a gong-based musical ensemble commonly used in funerals and weddings in

East Malaysia. This type of ensemble is similar to the kulintang of the Philippines, Brunei,

and Indonesia.

themalaysiantimes.com

19

2. Kertok

This is a musical ensemble from the Malay Peninsula that consists of xylophones played

swiftly and rhythmically in traditional Malay functions

pelancongan-terengganu.blogspot.com

3. Dikir Barat

This is a type of musical form that is important to Malaysia’s national culture. It is

performed by singing in groups and often in a competitive manner usually with percussion

instrumental accompaniment or sometimes without instruments at all.

20

agefotostock.com

4. Silat Melayu

This is a form of martial art that is similar to t’ai chi. It originated in the Malay

Peninsula since the Christian Era and is a mixture of martial arts, dance, and music usually

accompanied by gongs, drums, and Indian oboes.

flickr.com

What’s More

21

Activity 7: Song Analysis

Direction: Describe how the musical elements reflect the culture of Malaysia. Copy the table

below in your activity notebook. You may refer the song from Activity 6.

Musical Elements Description that reflects Indonesian culture

TIMBRE

DYNAMICS

RHYTHM

MELODY

FORM

What I Have Learned

Activity 8: Concept Map

Direction: Create a concept map that shows the vocal and/or instrumental music of a

given country specified in this lesson (Cambodia, Indonesia, Myanmar and

Malaysia). You need to create four concept maps (one concept map per country). Use

the concept map below as your guide.

22

What I Can Do

Activity 9: Mr. and Ms. Southeast Asia 2020

Direction: Assuming that you are one of the Top 3 finalists of Mr. and Ms. Southeast

Asia 2020. You will be given a final question. Write your answer in your activity

notebook.

CAMBODIA

23

FINAL QUESTION:

“If you will be given a chance to write a song, what would it be and why?”

Lesson

Vocal and Instrumental Music

Of Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and

Singapore

2

What’s In

We have learned in Lesson 1 about the vocal and instrumental music of other

Southeast Asian countries. That is, Cambodia, Indonesia, Myanmar and Malaysia. When it

comes to their culture, it varies in accord to their beliefs. Sometimes, it has categorization

wherein they fall into value and great meaning. Each country has their own music ensembles

and similar of how unique their style of music are. In this lesson we will discuss the other half

of the countries that are not mentioned in the previous discussion and give importance of

their vocal and instrumental music.

What I Need to Know

24

Through this lesson, you will discover the music ensembles of the remaining

Southeast Asian countries. These are Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and Singapore. You will

listen to their music and analyze its musical instruments being used in the performance.

What’s New

Activity 1: Listening to Thai Music

Direction: Listen/watch to the examples of traditional instrumental of vocal music of Thailand.

For those who don’t have an access to the internet, you can turn on your radio. Scheduled

time of airing will be announced. Answer the guide questions that follows.

Thailand: “Traditional Thai Music “

Based on the videos, answer the guide question in your activity notebook.

1. What is your impression about the music you have heard?

2. What instruments are used in the music samples? (based your answer in

Hombostel-Sach Classification of Instruments)

3. What mood of feelings does it express?

4. How do the instruments help express the mood of the piece?

5. Is the song fast, slow or does the tempo vary?

What Is It

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SXXK4P2Ogs0&f-

eature=share

18

25

Activity 1 shows your appreciation through listening to a song from Thailand. And

let me welcome you to “Land of the Free”, Thailand! `Sawadeekha!

Thailand’s National Symbol (Elephant)

https://www.sirinyas-thailand.de/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/White_Elephant_of_Thailand_Dressed-credit-Sodacan-wikimedia.org_.png

Siam is the old name of Thailand. It is known for being the sole nation in

Southeast Asia that has never been ruled by a Western power. It is for this reason

that the country is also called “Muang Thai,” which means “Land of the Free.” History

and geography indicates that Thai music is a conglomeration of Asian influences. Its

musical principles and elements are basically derived from Chinese music, while its

musical instruments are inspired from the Indian and Indonesian strings and gong-

THAILAND

26

chimes. The Thais combined and adapted these to their culture and created their

own unique music.

Thai folk music consists of simple songs with simple melodic lines. Its main

focus in singing is the articulation of the text rather than the style or technique of

execution.

Songs of Thailand have inherently poetic lyrics which allow a singer or

performer to easily define the melodic lines. It provides the singer the opportunity to

improvise song text to suit the given occasion. The interpretation of a singer gives

meaning to the sacred and spiritual essence of songs with free rhythm while

melodies may either be interpreted or written in the high or low register with long or

short durations.

THREE PRIMARY INSTRUMENTAL ENSEMBLES IN THAILAND

1. Piphat

It is a mid-sized orchestra that is

performed in either outdoor style with

hard mallets or indoor style with padded

mallets. This ensemble has different

types but the highly ornate one is

traditionally associated with funerals

and cremation ceremonies. Other

versions of the piphat ensemble are

used to accompany specific forms of

traditional Thai drama such as the large

shadow puppet theatre (nang yai) and

the khon dance drama.

2. Khrueang Sai

It is an orchestra that combines some of

the percussion and wind instruments of

the Piphat with an expanded string

www.pianofortephilia.blogspot.com

27

section. This group is primarily used for indoor performances and for the

accompaniment of stickpuppet theater.

3. Mahori

This ensemble is traditionally played by women in the courts of Central Thailand and

Cambodia. Because of this, instruments for this ensemble are historically smaller.

However, regular-sized instruments are used today. A vocalist performing with the

Mahori is usually accompanied by the so sam sai.

What’s More

Activity 2: Describe Me

Direction: Observe and listen of the three primary instrumental ensembles of

Thailand. Answer the following table below:

Music Ensemble Distinctive Characteristics

Piphat

Khrueang Sai

Mahori

20

https://centerforworldmusic.org/wp-

content/uploads/2016/11/khrueangsai-

pii-chawaa-at-Chula.jpg

28

What’s New

Activity 3: Listening to Music of Laos

Direction: Listen/watch to the examples of traditional instrumental of vocal music of

Laos. For those who don’t have an access to the internet, you can turn on your

radio. Scheduled time of airing will be announced. Answer the guide questions that

follows.

Laos: “Music of 2018 WWD Laos opening performance - Khaen, Ra Nat, Phin,

Kong”

Based on the videos, answer the guide question in your activity notebook.

1. What is your impression about the music you have heard?

2. What instruments are used in the music samples? (based your answer in

Hombostel-Sach Classification of Instruments)

3. What mood of feelings does it express?

4. How do the instruments help express the mood of the piece?

5. Is the song fast, slow or does the tempo vary?

What Is It

Listening to the songs of other neighborhood countries gives appreciation and

amazement of how they create their own unique songs and you are witness how

these differ from one another. Your journey is not yet finsihed. Let’s take a look to

Laos!

21

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aTpnv7POQjA&feature=share

29

Pha That Luang

https://architectureofbuddhism.com/books/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/Phat-That-Luang-2.jpg

This country is an independent state of Southeast Asia and officially known as

Lao People’s Democratic Republic. It is formerly part of the Indochinese Union, also

known as French Indochina. Wat Pha That Luang, Vientiane is one of its famous

landmarks.

The classical music and dance of Laos is highly influences by India,

Cambodia, and Thailand.

Themes are drawn from Hindu mythology, the Buddhist Jataka tales, and

local legends. The royal entourage of Lao kings traditionally included musicians, and

a typical orchestra improvised songs with sets of tuned gongs, xylophones, a

bamboo flute, and other wind instruments.

The Lao orchestra can be divided into two categories:

1. Sep Nyai – This is similar to the Piphat of Thailand with instruments that

are strictly percussive but also integrates the use of an oboe.

LAOS

30

2. Sep Noi – This is also known as the Mahori of Thailand. However, it

incorporates the use of several khene which is a large bamboo mouth organ and is

the most popular folk music instrument of Laos.

Traditional music, called Mor lam, is

l

a

r

g

e

l

y

based around the khene.

What’s More

Activity 4: Song Analysis

https://live.staticflickr.com/4111/5078658

065_5f6c1a0cef_b.jpg

https://hubpages.com/entertainment/Khene-

The-Mouth-Organ-of-Laos

31

Direction: Describe how the musical elements reflect the culture of Laos.

Copy the table below in your activity notebook.You may refer your answer in

Activity 3 in this lesson.

What’s New

Activity 5: Listening to Vietnamese Music

Direction: Listen/watch to the examples of traditional instrumental of vocal music of

Vietnam. For those who don’t have an access to the internet, you can turn on your

radio. Scheduled time of airing will be announced. Answer the guide questions that

follows.

Vietnam: “Hoàng Thuỳ Linh - Để Mị Nói Cho Mà Nghe | Official Music Video”

Based on the videos, answer the guide question in your activity notebook.

1. What is your impression about the music you have heard?

Musical Elements Description that reflects Indonesian culture

TIMBRE

DYNAMICS

RHYTHM

MELODY

FORM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JAhdeizXpaQ&feature=share

32

2. What instruments are used in the music samples? (based your answer in

Hombostel-Sach Classification of Instruments)

3. What mood of feelings does it express?

4. How do the instruments help express the mood of the piece?

5. Is the song fast, slow or does the tempo vary?

What Is It

It looks like most of the countries in Southeast Asia have a lot of

similarities in their musical instruments and types of music performed. Their musical

influences are similar to one another as well. What about the other Southeast Asian

countries that we have not yet discussed? Is there influences happened in their style

of music or originally composed and created by their own?

Let’s see if the last two countries to be discussed have the same

similarities to the other countries.

VIETNAM

33

Thien Mu Pagoda

https://vietnamdiscovery.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Thien-Mu-pagoda-in-Hue-huedaytour.com_.jpg

Vietnam is officially known as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. This country

is located on the eastern coast of the Indochinese Peninsula.

Vietnamese music (nhạc Việt Nam) refers to the ethnic music that originated

from the "Kinh" people of Vietnam. This term is also used to address the music of

any of the numerous ethnic minorities including the Montagnard, Degar, Tay, Cham,

and others. Although Vietnam is geographically part of Southeast Asia, ten

centuries of rule by the Chinese to the north have made the culture much closer to

Far East than to its Southeast Asian neighbors. Thus, early music theory was either

based upon or adapted to the prevailing Chinese theory, and the majority of

instruments used in the royal court were of Chinese origin.

On the other hand, other influences can be seen with the ethnic minorities,

such as the Chàm or Montagnard peoples. This is possibly due to interaction with the

other countries of Southeast Asia. Vietnamese music shows signs of Indian

influences, noticeable in improvisation preludes of chamber music (known as rao in

the South and dao in the north) as well as usage of onomatopoeia in drum playing.

34

Traditional and Folk Music

Vietnamese traditional music can be separated into a few major categories,

divided predominantly by the way in which were used in the people's cultural lives.

Categories of Vietnamese Music

1. Imperial Court Music – The most popular of this kind is the Nha nhac

that was popularly performed during the Tran Dynasty to the Nguyen Dynasty. This

form of classical music is also performed in honor of the gods and scholars in

temples. Other classical music falling into this category includes the Dai Nhac

(“great music”) and the Tieu Nhac (“small music”) which was performed as

chamber music for the king.

2. Folk Music – This category is extremely diverse because it includes

music performed both indoors and outdoors. Performers of this category are also

diverse. They may be professional musicians down to the blind artists in the streets

who perform to earn their living. Vietnamese folk music are performed in different

occasions depending on its sub-category. It may be performed in musical theaters,

streets, courtship rituals, and ceremonies for invoking spirits. They are sometimes

also influenced by Western elements. Some Vietnamese music only makes use of

female singers and some have both male and female singers.

vietnamonline.com

35

3. Religious and Ceremonial Music – This is the music performed in

religious rituals or at funerals.

What’s More

Activity 6: Song Analysis

Direction: Describe how the musical elements reflect the culture of Vietnam. Copy

the table in your activity notebook. You may refer your answer in Activity 5.

Musical Elements Description that reflects Indonesian culture

TIMBRE

DYNAMICS

RHYTHM

36

What’s New

Activity 7: Listening to the Music of Singapore

Direction: Listen/watch to the examples of traditional instrumental of vocal music of

Singapore. For those who don’t have an access to the internet, you can turn on your

radio. Scheduled time of airing will be announced. Answer the guide questions that

follows.

Singapore: “Singapore Traditional Melody”

MELODY

FORM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8jS_Ef2hEY&feature=share

37

Based on the videos, answer the guide question in your activity notebook.

1. What is your impression about the music you have heard?

2. What instruments are used in the music samples? (based your answer in

Hombostel-Sach Classification of Instruments)

3. What mood of feelings does it express?

4. How do the instruments help express the mood of the piece?

5. Is the song fast, slow or does the tempo vary?

What Is It

The previous activity tells us how we explore different counties in Southeast

Asia by listening to their unique style of music as well as recognizing the instrument

used in a particular song. And Singapore is on our list! Relax and let us visit where

Merlion is famous for.

SINGAPORE

38

Merlion

The Republic of Singapore is an independent republic in Southeast Asia,

comprised of one main island and about 50 small adjacent islands off the southern tip

of the Malay Peninsula. About three-fourths of the people of Singapore, known as

Singaporeans, are Chinese, but there are significant Malay and Indian minorities.

Singapore’s cultural life reflects its colonization by the British Empire and its

diverse population. Being the melting pot of different cultures in Asia, folk music of

this country reflects the culture and traditions of specific groups.

The ethnic groups which made a prominent place in the musical world of

Singapore have been Chinese, Indian Malays, and Tamils. Other minority Asian

ethnic groups which have also made a mark in the folk culture of Singapore are the

Cantonese, Hokkien, and Malay Bangwasan.

Through the years, the music industry in Singapore grew having Western-

influenced performances by the Singapore Symphony Orchestra as well as ethnic

music performances mainly by the Singapore Chinese Orchestra. Other performing

groups with Malay and Indian influence are still prevalent until today

What’s More

Activity 8: Song Analysis

Direction: Describe how the musical elements reflect in the culture of

Singapore.Copy the table below in your activity notebook. You may refer your

answer to the song you have listened from Singapore in the previous activty.

39

Congratulations!

You are done with the first module. That’s Southeast Asian music! Isn’t it

amazing how rich their culture is? Aren’t you proud that our country is part of this

Asian region? You are on your way in our next point of destination. Brace yourself as

we take another challenging yet enjoyable journey!

What I Have Learned

Activity 9: Concept Map

Direction: Create a concept map that shows the vocal and/or instrumental music of a

given country specified in this lesson (Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and Singapore).

Musical Elements Description that reflects Indonesian culture

TIMBRE

DYNAMICS

RHYTHM

MELODY

FORM

40

You need to create four concept maps (one concept map per country). Use the

concept map in the next page as your guide.

What I Can Do

Activity 10: Post a Status

Instructions:

1. Visit the www.facebook.com and create account. If you have already an

account, login immediately.

THAILAND

41

2. From the previous activities, you have listened different music from different

countries of Southeast Asia. Among all the songs you have heard, choose

one.

3. Choose the best line of the song that touches your heart.

4. Copy the original lyrics of the chosen line and it’s translation.

5. Write a status of appreciation, a reason why did you choose that particular

line in the song.

6. Your post should be written in any language you are comfortable to use

(Visayan, English and FIlipino)

7. Limit your post to maximum of 5 sentences ONLY..

8. Attach #AppreciateSoutheastAsianMusic as a validity of your submission.

9. Failure to attach the hashtag, your submission will not be counted.

Likes, comment and share are not necessary for the higher points..

Summary

The music of Southeast Asia has been present since the 2nd to 3rd Century

BC. Music is an important part of their lives because they use it for rituals,

ceremonies, courting, and entertainment.

Instruments in Southeast Asia can be classified according to the Hornbostel-

Sachs classification. Most of the instruments are percussive with an exception of

some aerophones and chordophones. Each country’s musical instruments and even

some songs are somewhat similar to each other due to their history of trading and

migration.

Songs from Southeast Asia commonly use pentatonic (5-tone) scales or

heptatonic (7-tone) scales

Assessment: (Post-Test)

42

Direction: Choose the correct answer. Write only the letter of your answer.

1. What is the most popular form f music in Indonesia?

a. Gamelan c. Pesidhen

b. Gerong d. Kertok

2. What Cambodian musical ensemble or an orchestra that usually accompanies

ceremonial music of the royal courts and temples?

a. Gamelan b. Piphat

b. Pinpeat d. Samphor

3. How the musical instruments categorized in Myanmar?

a. Through sounds c. through performance

b. Through classification d. through prayers

4. What type of musical ensembles of Malaysia is similar to the kulintang of the

Philippines, Brunei and Indonesia?

a. Piphat c. Gamelan

b. Samphor d. Agung

5. What kind of orchestra is Piphat?

a. Combines of percussion and qind instrument

b. traditionally played by women in the court

c. performed in outdoor style with hard mallets or indoor style of podded

mallets

d. performed by singing in group

6. What country of Southeast Asia officially known as Lao Peoples’ Democratic

Republic?

a. Cambodia c. Laos

b. Malaysia d. Singapore

7. What classification of music in Vietnam performed in religion and ceremonial

music?

a. Religions and Ceremonial Music

43

b. Imperial Court Music

c. Folk Music

d. Dai Nhac

8. Which of the following has 5 equidistant tones in octave?

a. Pelog c. Pasidhen

b. Slendro d. Gerong

9. What do you called a female soloist singer who sings with a Gamelan?

a. Pesidhen c. Gerong

b. Karawitan d. Slendro

10. Which of the following pinpeat ensemble instrument double headed drum played

with hand?

a. Oneat c. Chhing

b. Kongvong d. Samphor

32

44

Key to Answer

45

WHAT I KNOW

Activity 1: Guess Where I Belong (Pre-test) pp.iii

1.Indonesia

2.Vietnam

3.Thailand

4.Malaysia

5.Singapore

6.Laos

7.Cambodia

8.Myanmar

9.Brunei

10.Timor-Leste

Activity 2: pp. iv

(Answer may vary as this is personal answer)

LESSON 1: pp.1-3

Activity 1: Play with Me

1.Chordophone

2.Isiophone

3.Membranophone

4.Idiophone

5.Idiophone

6.Idiophone

7.Chordophone

8.Membranophone

46

Activity 5: Listening to Myanmar Music pp. 8

(Answer may vary as this is personal answer)

Activity 6: Listening to malaysian Music pp. 11

(Answer may vary as this is personal answer)

Activity 7: Song Analysis pp. 15

(Answer may vary as this is personal answer)

Activity 8: Concept Map pp. 16

(Answer may vary as this is personal answer)

Activity 9: Mr. and Ms. Southeast Asia pp. 16

(Answer may vary as this is personal answer)

LESSON 2

Activity 1: Listening to Thai Music pp. 20

(Answer may vary as this is personal answer)

Activity 2: Describe Me pp.20

Answer

Music Ensemble Distinctive Characteristics

Piphat traditionally associated with funerals and cremation

ceremonies

Khrueang Sai primarily used for indoor performances

Mahori traditionally played by women in the courts of Central

Thailand and Cambodia

Activity 3: Listening to Music of Laos pp. 20

(Answer may vary as this is personal answer)

47

Activity 9: Concept Map pp. 29

(Answer may vary as this is personal answer)

Activity 10: Post a Status pp. 29

(Answer may vary as this is personal answer)

Activity 14: Post Test

1.A

2.B

3.A

4.D

5.C

6.C

7.A

8.B

9.A

10.D

48

References

Centerforworldmusic.org, “Khrueang Sai Pii Chawaa at Chula”, Acessed June 20, 2020, https://centerforworldmusic.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/khrueangsai-pii-chawaa-at-Chula.jpg

Galatourist.asia, “Khaen” Accessed June 20, 2020, https://www.galatourist.asia/media/news/2006_khaen.jpg

Hubpages.com, “Khene The Mouth Organ of Laos” Acessed June 20, 2020, https://hubpages.com/entertainment/Khene-The-Mouth-Organ-of-Laos

Indochina.tours, “Myanmar National Dress”, Acessed June 20, 2020, https://www.indochina.tours/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Myanmar-national-dress.jpg

Indonesia-tourism.com, “Borobudur Temple Sunrise”, Accessed June 20, 2020, https://www.indonesia-tourism.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Borobudur-Temple-Sunrise-e1553916223163.jpg

Keosambathmusic.com, “Vietnamese Stringed Instrument Dan Day, Acessed June 20, 2020, https://www.vietvisiontravel.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Vietnamese-Stringed-Instrument-Dan-Day.jpg

Seasite.niu.edu, “Mahori Ensemble”, Acessed June 20, 2020, http://www.seasite.niu.edu/thai/music/classical/thaiensemble/mahori_ensemble.htm

Sirinyas, “White Elephant of Thailand”, Accessed June 20, 2020, https://www.sirinyas-thailand.de/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/White_Elephant_of_Thailand_Dressed-credit-Sodacan-wikimedia.org_.png

Vietnamdiscovery.com, “Thien Mu Oagoda in Hue”, AcessedJune 20, 2020, https://vietnamdiscovery.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Thien-Mu-pagoda-in-Hue-huedaytour.com_.jpg

Wikipedia.org, “Cambodian Music”, Accessed June 20, 2020, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodian_music

49

Wikipedia.org, “Music of Cambodia”, Accessed June 21, 2020, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Cambodia

Wikipedia.com, “Music of Myanmar”, Acessed June 21, 2020, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Myanmar

Wikipedia.org, “Music of Laos, Acessed June 21, 2020, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Laos

Wikipedia.org, “Music of Thailand”, Accessed June 21, 2020, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_of_Thailand

Wikipedia.org, “Traditional Indonesian Instrument”, Accessed June 20, 2020, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Traditional_indonesian_instruments04.jpg

For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

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Office Address: Brgy. 23, National Highway,Gingoog City

Telefax: 088 328 0108/ 088328 0118

E-mail Address: gingoog.city@deped.gov.ph