Muscular SystemQuiz

(This is an incomplete study guide. Also review your notes, labs and the power points found on-

line.

Learning Target:Compare skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle cells and tissue.

(knowledge)

Muscle Cells…

Type Striations? Shape Nuclei Contractions Function

Smooth No Pointed on both ends

1 Involuntary, slow

contractions push materials through hollow organs

Cardiac Yes Irregular 1-2 Involuntary, rhythmic

Contraction of heart

Skeletal Yes Cylindrical Many Voluntary, quick, forceful

Facial expression, movement of skeletal structures

Identifying Types of Muscle Tissue

Smooth Cardiac Skeletal

Match Types of Tissues With Their Functions

____ Nervous Tissue____ Skeletal Muscle Tissue____ Blood____ Smooth Muscle Tissue____ Connective Tissue____ Cardiac Muscle Tissue

A. Transmits impulses and messages

B. Allows heart to pump blood

C. Allows internal organs and arteries to contract

D. Allows for movement of bones at joints

E. Supplies nutrients and removes wastes

F. Separates, covers and holds muscles in place

ADECFB

Learning Target:Identify the major parts of

skeletal muscle fiber and the function of each part.

(knowledge)

Skeletal Muscle Structure…

Label a Skeletal Muscle Fiber

Skeletal Muscle Fiber Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Myosin FilamentActin Filament Myofibril

Sarcomere

Learning Target:Investigate the relationship

between bones, tendons, and muscles in producing body

movements. (reasoning)

Tendons

T/B Tendons attach muscle to muscle. bone

Learning Target:Define the terms action, origin,

and insertion. (knowledge)

Fill in the Blank

The location where the muscle is attached to the relatively immovable end of the bone is called the ______. The _________ is the end of the muscle that is attached to the ________ bone.

immovable movableinsertion origin

Truth or Bologna

T/B Muscles have to work in pairs so that a muscle doesn’t get stuck in a certain position.

T/B A ligament attaches muscle to muscle.

bone to bone

Learning Target:State the source of energy,

cause, steps and final result of a muscle fiber contraction.

(knowledge)

Muscle Contractions

T/B Muscle contractions occur when a nerve impulse releases acetylcholine into muscle fibers.

What is the energy source for a muscle contraction?

a. ADP b. ATP c. calcium

True

Sliding Filament Theory

Which state does this picture represent?

Resting

Step 1: Action potential 1. A nerve action potential releases acetylcholine/ADP

into the synaptic cleft opening the Na+ channels.2. Action potential spreads across synaptic

cleft/sarcolemma releasing CA into the sarcoplasma.

Step 2: Myosin-actin binding1. Ca/Na+ binds to troponin 2. A shape change in troponin moves tropomyocin out of

the way of myosin/actin binding site 3. Actin and myosin bind using energy from cleaved

ADP/ATP

Step 3: Power Stroke1. Side arms pivot so myosin and actin slide by each

other shortening the __________ 2. ____ and P released (low energy)

Step 4: ATP binding and actin-myosin release

1. A different ____ molecule binds to the active site 2. _______ released

ADP sarcomere ATPactin

What step does this picture represent?

Step 5: ATP cleavage1. Return to high energy state2. Cycle will repeat if calcium is still

available

What 3 physical changes take place when a skeletal muscle contracts?

A. becomes harderB. gets shorter C. diameter increasesD. diameter decreases

Muscle Cramps

T/B When calcium is not available the muscle stays contracted which causes a muscle cramp.

Bologna – when ATP isn’t available the muscle cramps

Rigor Mortis

T/B Rigor mortis is a stiffening of the body because of continuous muscle contraction after death.

True

Why does rigor mortis occur? a. lack of ATP productionb. high supply of Ca ions c. low supply of Ca ions d. a & b

Learning Target:Interpret data from an electromyogram. (skill)

What is an EMG?

An EMG is a graphical recording of muscle activity/electrical activity within muscles.

Interpret an EMG graph

12

3

At which point is the muscle undergoing the greatest strength of contraction?

1

Learning Target:Explain the effects of fatigue on

muscle action. (skill)

Truth or Bologna

Katie ran a half marathon. When she finished she could barley walk.

T/B Katie could barley walk because her muscle cells were low on ATP, which is also known as fatigue.

Does this graph represents muscle fatigue?

NOPE

Learning Target: Investigate the effect of exercise on grip strength. (skill)

The following are national grip strength norms for 16 to 19 year olds.Gender Excellent Good Average Fair PoorMale >56 51-56 45-50 39-44 <39Female >36 31-36 25-30 19-24 <19Who has a grip strength that is excellent?

Todd- 52Sue- 37

Sue- Her score is excellent.Todd’s score is good.

GOOD LUCK!