Muscle System
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Transcript of Muscle System
The muscular systemThe muscular system
Content by Megan McDonald
Mens gymnastics
The muscular systemThe muscular system
Muscle tissueMuscle tissueSmoothCardiacSkeletal
Smooth muscle tissueSmooth muscle tissue
Image CC courtesy of @akay on Flickr http://www.flickr.com/photos/akay/244990069/
Smooth muscle tissueSmooth muscle tissueNon striatedInvoluntaryWalls of hollow organs i.e. stomachWalls of tubes and passage ways i.e.
bronchioles, blood vessels, oesaphagus
Cardiac muscle tissueCardiac muscle tissue
Images CC courtesy of @akay on Flickr http://www.flickr.com/photos/akay/
Cardiac muscle tissueCardiac muscle tissueStriatedInvoluntaryFit together with tight junctions
that promote fast conduction of electrical signals.
Heart
Skeletal muscle tissueSkeletal muscle tissueStriatedVoluntaryAttached to bone via tendons,
fascia or skin.
Skeletal muscle functionSkeletal muscle functionProduce heatProduce movementMaintain body postureAssists in joint stability
EndomysiumEndomysiumConnective tissue surrounding
each muscle fibre.
PerimysiumPerimysiumMembrane surrounding each
fascicle.Fascicle – bundle of muscle
fibres.
EpimysiumEpimysiumTough connective tissue Surrounds entire muscle.Extends to become tendons.
FasciaFasciaOuter fibrous sheath Encloses a muscleSeparates muscles into
compartments.
ExcitationExcitationThe ability to receive and
respond to stimulus
ExcitationExcitationMotor nerves stimulate the
muscle cell at the Neuromuscular Junction
Neurotransmitter releases from motor nerve
An electrical impulses spreads along sarcolemma
Muscle contracts.
ContractionContractionThe ability to shorten when
stimulated.
ContractionContractionEach muscle fibre contains
myofibrils.Myofibrils made up of
sarcomeres.Sarcomeres are formed by two
protein filaments that contract and shorten.
The protein filaments are Actin and Myosin.
Actin and Myosin.Actin and Myosin.Actin – thin and lightMyosin – thick and darkArranged in bands that slide past
each other.Calcium and Adenosine
Triphosphate are required.
Sliding Filament TheorySliding Filament Theory
Sliding filament theory 2Sliding filament theory 2
AttachmentsAttachmentsEach skeletal muscle has 2
attachmentsOrigin – Proximal AttachmentInsertion – Distal Attachment
When a muscle contracts one attachment moves toward another.
Distal to proximal – concentric contraction
Proximal to distal – eccentric contraction.
Prime MoverAssistant moverNeutraliserStabiliser
Activity 6.2Activity 6.2Purple workbook.Label the diagram.
Activity 6.3Activity 6.3Marieb workbook chapter 6Qu 1. p.103Qu. 14 p. 110Qu. 15 p. 115
Soft tissue injuriesSoft tissue injuries
Grade I/MildFew ligaments tornStability maintained.
Ligament Sprains 1.
Soft tissue injuriesSoft tissue injuries
Grade II/moderate sprainPartial ruptureIncreased laxityNo gross instability
Ligament Sprains 2.
Soft tissue injuriesSoft tissue injuries
Grade III/severe sprainComplete ruptureGross instability
Ligament Sprains 3.
Soft tissue injuriesSoft tissue injuries
Grade I/mild strainFew muscle fibres tornMinimal loss of strength Minimal pain on muscle
contraction
Muscle Strains 1.
Soft tissue injuriesSoft tissue injuries
Grade II/moderate strainAbout half of muscle fibres tornSignificant loss of strength and
functionModerate to severe pain on
isometric contraction
Muscle Strains 2.
Soft tissue injuriesSoft tissue injuries
Grade III/severe strainComplete tear of muscleSignificant weakness Significant loss of functionMinimum to no pain on isometric
contraction
Muscle Strains 3.
Homework!Homework!Muscle chartQuiz
Gymnastique OlympicGymnastique Olympic