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Initial Environmental Examination November 2011 Project no. 43901-01
Municipal Waste to Energy Project
(People’s Republic of China)
Suzhou Phase III Waste-to-Energy Subproject
Prepared by China Everbright International Limited for the Asian Development Bank (ADB)
This initial environmental examination report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation on or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
Municipal Solid Waste Waste-to-Energy Project Phase III Expansion, Everbright Environmental Energy (Suzhou) Limited
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The Report of Environmental
Impacts of the BOT Project of
Suzhou Phase Waste-To-Energy
Power Plant
Construction Unit: Everbright Environmental Energy
(Suzhou) Limited
2011 11
Municipal Solid Waste Waste-to-Energy Project Phase III Expansion, Everbright Environmental Energy (Suzhou) Limited
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Content
1 Overview ............................................................................................. 1
1.1 Preface .................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Basis of Compilation ........................................................................... 3
1.3 Assessment Purposes and Working Principles ................................. 9
1.4 Assessment Factors ........................................................................... 10
1.5 Assessment Grade ............................................................................. 11
1.6 Assessment Range ............................................................................. 15
1.7 Object of Environment Sensitivity Protection ............................... 16
1.8 Assessment Standard ........................................................................ 17
1.9 Process of Assessment ....................................................................... 26
2 Environment Overview ................................................................... 28
2.1 Overview of Natural Environment .................................................. 28
2.2 Overview of Social Economy ........................................................... 33
2.3 Overview of Regional Master Plan and Environmental
Protection Plan .............................................................................................. 36
3 Reviews on Existing projects .......................................................... 50
3.1 Overview of Existing Projects .......................................................... 50
3.2 Overview of Technological Process ................................................. 52
3.3 Raw and Auxiliary Materials Consumption .................................. 58
3.4 Water Supply, Drainage and Water Balance of Existing
Projects 62
3.5 Discharge Conditions of Main Pollutants ....................................... 64
3.6 Official and Written Reply of Existing Projects and
Implement Condition of “Three-meanwhile” Policy ................................. 73
3.7 Main Environment Problems of Existing Projects ........................ 81
3.8 The Measures of “Using New Method to Improve Old One” ....... 81
4 Engineering Analysis of Phase Expansion Project ................ 83
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4.1 The Necessity of Phase Expansion Project .............................. 83
4.2 Basic Composition of Phase Expansion Project ..................... 84
4.3 Overview on the Geographic Positions of the Plants .................... 88
4.4 Overview on Land Occupation and Plan Layout of the Plants .... 88
4.5 Overview of Projects and Equipment ............................................. 90
4.6 General Information of Raw and Auxiliary Materials ............... 107
4.7 Public Auxiliary Projects................................................................ 109
4.8 The Production and Discharge of Main Pollutants ..................... 115
4.9 Summary of Pollutant Discharge .................................................. 136
5 Comment on Pollution Prevention Measures ............................. 139
5.1 Comment on Air Pollution Prevention Measures ........................ 139
5.2 Comment on Water Pollution Prevention Measures ................... 153
5.3 Comment on Noise Pollution Prevention Measures .................... 160
5.4 Comment on Solid Waste Pollution Prevention Measures ......... 161
5.5 Underground Water and Soil Prevention Measures ................... 165
5.6 Greening Measures ......................................................................... 166
5.7 Summary List of “Three-meanwhile” Acceptance Check .......... 167
6 Industrial Policies, Cleaner Production and Recycling
Economy Analysis ......................................................................... 173
6.1 Industrial Policies ........................................................................... 173
6.2 Cleaner Production ......................................................................... 174
6.3 Recycling Economy ......................................................................... 190
7 Investigation on Regional Pollution Sources and Investigation
and Evaluation of Present Environmental Quality Condition . 192
7.1 Investigation on Regional Pollution Sources ................................ 192
ΣPi(106m
3/a) ............................................................................................ 195
Ki(%) 195
7.2 Investigation on Present Environmental Quality Condition ...... 195
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7.3 Environmental Quality Review and Analysis .............................. 211
8 Predicative Analysis on Environmental Impact ......................... 215
8.1 Prediction and Evaluation on Ambient Air Impact ..................... 215
8.2 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Surface Water .......... 244
8.3 Prediction and Assessment of Noise Environmental Impact ...... 245
8.4 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Solid Waste ............... 250
8.5 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Soil ............................. 251
8.6 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Ground Water .......... 251
8.7 Analysis on the Environmental Impact during Waste
Transportation ............................................................................................. 255
9 Analysis on Environmental Impact During Construction
Period ............................................................................................. 256
9.1 Noise Environmental Impact Assessment and Control
Measures During Construction Period ..................................................... 256
9.2 Waste Water Environmental Impact Assessment and Control
Measures During Construction Period ..................................................... 259
9.3 Waste Gas Environmental Impact Assessment and Control
Measures During Construction Period ..................................................... 259
9.4 Ecological Environmental Impact Assessment and Control
Measures during Construction Period ...................................................... 261
10 Risk Assessment ............................................................................. 262
10.1 Overview ........................................................................................ 262
10.2 Risk Identification ........................................................................ 262
10.3 Assessment Grade Determination and Assessment Range ....... 265
10.4 Analysis on Sources ....................................................................... 267
10.5 Analysis on Accident Consequences ............................................ 268
10.6 Risk Control Measures for Current Project .............................. 274
10.7 Formulation of Accident Contingency Plan ............................... 278
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10.8 Contingency Prevention of the Expansion Project and Its
Contingency Plan ........................................................................................ 283
10.9 Summary of Risk Assessment ...................................................... 284
11 Emission Control ........................................................................... 285
11.1 Emission Control Factors ............................................................. 285
11.2 Emission Application .................................................................... 285
11.3 Emission Balance Plan .................................................................. 286
12 Public Participation ....................................................................... 287
12.1 Purpose of Public Participation ................................................... 287
12.2 Principles of Public Participation................................................ 287
12.3 Methods of Public Participation .................................................. 288
12.4 Result Analysis of Public Participation Questionnaire Issued . 288
12.5 Online Publication Investigation ................................................. 298
12.6 Participating Hearing of the public ............................................ 298
12.7 Grievance Redress Mechanism.................................................... 299
12.8 Investigation Conclusion of Public Participation ...................... 300
13 Feasible Analysis of Site Selection ................................................ 302
13.1 Consistency Analysis to Urban Planning .................................... 302
13.2 Consistency Analysis to Environmental Sanitation
Professional Planning ................................................................................. 303
13.3 Consistency Analysis on Important Environmental
Protection Targets ....................................................................................... 304
13.4 Consistency of Environment Development [2008] No. 82
Regulation .................................................................................................... 305
13.5 Environmental Impact Analysis .................................................. 310
13.6 Analysis on Reasonability of General Layout ............................ 311
13.7 Summary ........................................................................................ 312
14 Economic Cost-benefit Analysis ................................................... 314
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14.1 Economic Benefit Analysis ........................................................... 314
14.2 Environmental Benefit Analysis .................................................. 315
14.3 Social and Economic Environmental Impact ............................. 320
15 Environmental Management and Detection Plan ...................... 321
15.1 Basic Objectives of Environmental Management ..................... 321
15.2 Management Responsibilities and Measures ............................. 321
15.3 Environmental Management Responsibilities ........................... 321
15.4 Environmental Monitoring Responsibilities .............................. 322
15.5 Environmental Supervision ......................................................... 323
15.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan ................................................. 325
15.7 Standardization Requirements for Sewage Outfall ................... 329
16 Conclusion and Suggestions .......................................................... 331
16.1 Project Overview ........................................................................... 331
16.2 Ambient Quality Situation and Main Environmental
Protection Objectives .................................................................................. 331
16.3 Main Pollution Prevention Measures ......................................... 334
16.4 Environmental Feasibility ............................................................ 336
16.5 Analysis on Clean Production...................................................... 338
16.6 Environmental Impact Forecast Results .................................... 339
16.7 Emission Control........................................................................... 342
16.8 Public-participated Investigation ................................................ 342
16.9 Final Conclusions on Environmental Assessment ..................... 343
16.10 Suggestions and Requirements .................................................. 343
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1 Overview
1.1 Preface
As a famous historic and cultural city as well as an important scenic tourist city,
Suzhou is one of the cities with the fastest economic development in Yangtze River
Delta. The city covers an area of 8,488 km2, with an urban area of 1,650 km
2. At the
end of 2009, its registered permanent residents were 6.3329 million, of which 2.4021
million lived in urban area.
During the process of economic development, Suzhou put Qizishan Refuse
Landfill Site into operation to disposal its municipal domestic waste in 1993, with the
design storage capacity of 4.7 million cubic meters and the effective capacity of 4.2
million cubic meters, with the designed service life of 15 years. Since the rate of
growth of domestic waste exceeds the expected value, the discharge quantity of
Suzhou municipal domestic waste in 1993 was between 280~300t/d, which reached
1,300t/d in 2002 and 3,000t/d at the end of 2006, according to the statistics data of
Suzhou Public Municipal Works Administration. Facing the restrictions of objective
conditions, such as natural, social environment of Suzhou, selection and storage
capacity of refuse landfill site, fast growth of domestic waste in urban area of Suzhou,
it is urgent for Suzhou to choose proper approach of domestic waste disposal to solve
the problem of sustainable development.
From May of 2002 to December of 2003, relevant departments of Suzhou
municipal government had declared and completed the environmental assessment of
“3×350t/d Domestic Waste Waste-to-Energy Project of Suzhou SuNeng
Waste-to-Energy Co., Ltd.” (hereinafter referred to as Phase Project), planning to
use the reserved site of Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site to build a garbage incineration
power plant with daily treatment of domestic waste of 1,000t. The project had its
environmental impact assessment accomplished by State Power Environmental
Protection Research Institute and had been replied by Jiangsu Environmental
Protection Department in Suzhou Environment Management [2003] No. 229 in
December, 2003. In 2004, China Everbright International Limited had been brought in
by Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) pattern of government investment invitation and
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Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. was established to
take charge of the establishment of Phase Project and the operation management of
the first 25 year, and change the enterprise name according to Regulations of the
People's Republic of China on Administration of Registration of Companies. In
accordance with Suzhou Environment Acceptance (2007) No. 380, Phase Project
had passed the acceptance of environmental protection organized by Jiangsu
Environmental Protection Department. As domestic waste of Suzhou increases,
Everbright Environmental Protection had invested RMB 450 million to implement the
Phase extension project “2×500t/d garbage incinerator + 20MW turbo generator
unit” (hereinafter referred to as Phase Project); meanwhile, in order to make full
use of resources, the extension project would establish comprehensive utilization of
slag project. The environmental impact assessment of the project had been
accomplished by China Bluestar Lehigh Engineering Corporation. The project had
been replied in Environment Audit [2008] No. 25 by the Ministry of Environmental
Protection in March, 2008. Phase Project was constructed and put into operation in
2009 and past the acceptance of environmental protection organized by Ministry of
Environmental Protection in Environment Acceptance [2010] No. 84.
The data of online monitoring, acceptance monitoring, routine monitoring
operated in Phase Project and Phase Project show that, through the purification
of the process of “lime cream de-acidification by semi-dry process + activated carbon
adsorption + bag dust separation”, the concentration of pollutants in the discharged
gas of the flue gas is lower than the requirements of the standard selected in
assessment (see 1.8.2 Standard of Pollutants Discharge), the discharge concentration
of dioxins reaches the EU 2000 Standard (hereinafter referred to as EU Standard).
Suzhou Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site and garbage incinerating power plant has
become the only approach to dispose the domestic waste of Suzhou at present and in
the future. In order to maximize the comprehensive utilization of resources, reduce
environmental pollution, further promote the environmental bearing capacity of
Suzhou, and realize the fast, sustainable and healthy development of Suzhou,
Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. decides to invest
RMB 750 million to establish Phase Extension Project, with the extension of
“3×500t/d garbage incinerator + 2×15MW generator unit”, under the substantial
support of local government department.
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In accordance with relevant regulations, such as Law of the Peoples Republic of
China on Assessment of Environmental Effects and Environmental Protection
Management Measures for Construction Project, Nanjing Institute of Environmental
Science of the Ministry of Environmental Protection had accepted the delegation of
Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. in March, 2011 to
take charge of the environmental impact assessment of the Phase Extension Project
of the Domestic Waste Waste-to-Energy project of the company, as well as the
formulation of the environmental impact report of the project. After accepting the
entrustment, the assessment unit had formulated the environmental impact assessment
of the project and submitted it for approval, based on field investigation, collection of
basic data and preliminary analysis of engineering pollution discharge condition.
1.2 Basis of Compilation
1.2.1 National Laws and Regulations
1 Environment Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China, December
26, 1989;
2 Law on the Prevention of Air Pollution of People's Republic of China,
revised on April 29, 2000;
3 Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Water
Pollution, June 1, 2008;
4 Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of
Pollution from Environmental Noise, revised on October 29, 1996;
5 Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of
Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes , revised on December 29, 2004
6 Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Assessment of Environmental
Effects, September 1, 2003;
7 Energy Conservation Law of the People’s Republic of China, January 1,
1998;
8 Law of the People's Republic of China on Renewable Energy, January 1,
2006;
9 Cleaner Production Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China,
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January 1, 2003;
10 Decision of the State Council on Several Issues Concerning
Environmental Protection, State Development No. (96) 31;
11 Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental
Protection, the State Council Decree No. 253 in 1998;
12 Circular of Opinions on Enhancing Industrial Water Conservation, State
Economic and Trade Resource (2000) Decree No. 1015 of State Economic and Trade
Commission;
13 Decision on Implementing the Scientific Concept of Development and
Stepping up Environmental Protection by the State Council, State Development [2005]
No. 39;
14 “The Eleventh Five-Year Plan” National Environment Conservation Laws
and Regulations Construction Plan, Environmental Development [2005] No. 131;
15 Instructional Advice of State Environment Protection Administration on
Promoting Circular Economy, Environmental Development [2005] No. 114;
16 Classification Catalogue for Environment Impact Assessment of
Construction Project, Ministry of Environmental Protection Decree No. 2, September
2, 2008;
17 Circular of Enhancing Environment Impact Assessment Management and
Preventing Environmental Risk, State Environmental Protection Administration
Environmental Development [2005] No. 152;
18 Circular of National Development and Reform Commission on the
issuance of Relevant Management Rules on Renewable Energy Generation, National
Development and Reform Commission Development and Reform Energy [2006] No.
13;
19 The Notice about Speeding up Electric Power Industry Adjustment and
Help it Develop Healthily and Orderly, National Development and Reform
Commission Development and Reform Energy [2006] No. 661;
20 Interim Provisions for Environment Impact Assessment Public
Participation, State Environmental Protection Administration Environmental
Development [2006] No. 28;
21 Circular of State Environmental Protection Administration on Work for
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Reporting the Total Emission of Major Pollutants, Environmental Development [2006]
No. 98;
22 Circular of State Environmental Protection Administration, State
Economic and Trade Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology on Hazardous
Waste Disposal Policy, Environmental Development [2001] No. 199;
23 Technological Policy for Treatment of Municipal Solid Wastes and Its
Pollution Prevention, Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Science and Technology,
State Environmental Protection Administration, Jian Cheng [2000] No. 120;
24 National Dangerous Wastes Catalogue, Ministry of Environmental
Protection of the People’s Republic of China, National Development and Reform
Commission of the People’s Republic of China Decree No. 1, June 6, 2008;
25 Measures for Administration of Hazardous Waste Manifest, State
Environmental Protection Administration, October 1, 1999;
26 Provisions for Documents of Classification and Approval on Environment
Impact Assessment of Construction Project, Ministry of Environmental Protection of
the People’s Republic of China Decree No. 5, January 16, 2009;
27 Rules on Further Strengthening Industrial Policy and Credit Policy to
Coordinate and Control Credit Risks, National Development and Reform
Commission Development and Reform Industry [2004] No. 46;
28 Guideline Catalogue for Industrial Restructuring (2011 version);
29 Circular of State Environmental Protection Administration on the
Issuance of Guidelines on Total Amount Distribution of Sulfur Dioxide
(Environmental Development [2006] No. 182);
30 Official Reply of the State Council on the Control Plan of the Total
Emission of National Main Pollutants During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan”, and its
Annex Control Plan of the Total Emission of National Main Pollutants During the
“Eleventh Five-Year Plan”, the State Council Guo Han [2006] No. 70;
31 Circular on Further Strengthening Environment Impact Assessment
Management of Biomass Waste-to-Energy Projects, Ministry of Environmental
Protection, Development and Reform Commission, Bureau of Energy, Environmental
Development [2008] No. 82, September 4, 2008;
32 Town Appearance Sanitation Regulations, the State Council Decree No.
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101, June, 1992;
33 Administrative Measures for Urban Living Garbage, Ministry of
Construction Decree No. 27, August, 1993;
34 State Planning Commission, Ministry of Construction, State
Environmental Protection Administration, Ji Investment [2002] No. 1591, Circular on
Boosting the Industrialization Development of Urban Sewage and Garbage;
35 National Development and Reform Committee, etc. Development and
Reform Huan Zi [2004] No. 73, Circular on the Issuance of List of Resources for
Comprehensive Use (2003 Revision);
36 Control over Licensing for the Discharge of Key Pollutants in Huai
River and Taihu Lake Basin (Trial Implementation), State Environmental Protection
Administration, October 1, 2001;
37 General Office of the State Council Transmitted the Circular of Ministry
of Environmental Protection on the Guideline of Promoting Air Pollution Joint
Prevention and Control and Improving Regional Air Quality (State Office Transmit
[2010] No. 33).
1.2.2 Local Policy, Laws and Regulations
(1) Environmental Air Quality Functional Regionalization of Jiangsu Province;
(2) Classification of Surface Water Function Category of Jiangsu Province;
(3) Jiangsu Environmental Protection Act, implemented on August 16, 1997;
(4) Interim Provisions on the Control of Total Amount of Discharged Pollutants
of Jiangsu Province (1993 Provincial Government Decree No. 38);
(5) Several Stipulations Concerning Sewage Outlet Setting and Standardized
Management (Jiangsu Environment Control [1997] No. 122);
(6) Circular of Doing Good Job in the Environmental Management of
Construction Project (Jiangsu Environment Management [2006] No. 98);
(7) Guidance Catalogue for Industrial Structure Adjustment of Jiangsu
Province (Jiangsu Government Issue [2006] No. 140);
(8) Policies and Measures of Jiangsu Province on Promoting Environmental
Protection (Jiangsu Government Issue [2006] No. 92), July, 2006;
(9) Jiangsu Province Noise Pollution Control Regulations, The Standing
Committee of the Tenth People's Congress of Jiangsu Province, No. 108,
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implemented on March 1, 2006;
(10) Circular of Provincial Government on Policies and Measures Concerning
Promoting the Construction of Conservation-minded Society, Jiangsu Government
Issue [2006] No. 60, May 4, 2006;
(11) Circular of Provincial Government on Opinions Concerning the
Implementation of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction of Jiangsu Province,
Jiangsu Government Issue [2007] No. 63;
(12) Circular of the Issuance of the Standard of Formulating the Content of
Recycle Economy in Regional Development and Environmental Impact Assessment of
Construction Project (Trial Implementation), Jiangsu Environmental Protection
Department, February, 2004 (Jiangsu Environment Control [2005] No. 50);
(13) Circular of Provincial Government on Implementation Plan of Water
Environmental Comprehensive Control in Taihu Lake Basin of Jiangsu Province,
(Jiangsu Government Issue [2009] No. 36);
(14) Circular of Provincial Government Office on the Issuance of Jiangsu
“the Eleventh Five-Year Plan” Document of Responsibility on Reducing Total Amount
of Water Pollutants (Jiangsu Government Issue [2007] No. 97);
(15) Taihu Lake Water Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations of Jiangsu
Province, revised in 2007;
(16) Guidance Catalogue for Suzhou Industrial Development, Jiangsu
Government [2007] No. 129;
(17) Circular of Municipal Government Office Transmitted the Working Points
of Water Pollution Prevention and Control Taihu Lake Basin of Suzhou in
2010,Jiangsu Government Office [2010] No. 112;
(18) Circular of Issuing the Implementation Opinions on Further Strengthening
the Implementation of Emission Reduction of Main Pollutants, Jiangsu Government
[2007] No. 148;
(19) Circular of Issuing the Review Management Measures of Regional Balance
Plan of the Total Discharge Amount of Main Pollutants of Construction Project in
Jiangsu Province, (Jiangsu Environment Office [2011] No. 71);
(20) Circular of Further Normalizing Public Participation and Hearing System
in Environmental Assessment of Planning and Construction, (Jiangsu Environment
Office [2011] No. 173);
(21) Solid Waste Pollution Control Regulations of Jiangsu Province (2010).
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1.2.3 Local Plans and Data of the Project Site
(1) Suzhou Urban Master Plan (2007-2020);
(2) Eleventh Five-Year Planning on Environmental Protection of Suzhou;
(3) Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene (2006-2020);
(4) Master Plan of Mudu Town in Wu County;
(5) Environmental Protection Plan of Mudu Town in Wu County.
1.2.4 Technical Basis
(1) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment-General
Principles (HJ/T2.1-93);
(2) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment- Atmospheric
Environment (HJ2.2-2008);
(3) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment- Surface Water
Environment (HJ/T2.3-93);
(4) Technical Guidelines for Noise Assessment (HJ2.4-2009);
(5) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment- Groundwater
Environment (HJ610-2011);
(6) Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects
(HJ/T169-2004);
(7) Provisions of Jiangsu Province on Standardization Formulation of Main
Content of Environmental Impact Report of Construction Projects (Trial
Implementation);
(8) Industrial Standard of People's Republic of China Technical Code for
Projects of Municipal Household Garbage Incineration (CJJ90-2009), Ministry of
Construction, September 1, 2002;
(9) Industrial Standard for Environment Protection of People's Republic of
China Specification for Formulating Environmental Impact Statement of Thermal
Power Plant Construction Project (HJ/T13-1996, issued by State Environmental
Protection Administration, Ministry of Power Industry);
(10) Standard for Pollution Control on the Household Garbage Incineration
(GB18485-2001);
(11) Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Household Garbage
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(GB16889-2008);
(12) Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage
(GB18597-2001).
1.2.5 Documents and Replies Relating to the Project
(1) Power of Attorney for Environmental Assessment;
(2) Circular of Provincial Development and Reform Committee on Implementing
Preliminary Work of Phase Extension Project of Suzhou Domestic Waste
Waste-to-Energy Project, Su Development and Reform Investment Fa [2011] No. 240;
(3) Advisory opinions on environmental Assessment of construction project,
Advisory [2011] No. 40;
(4) Application Report of the Project.
1.3 Assessment Purposes and Working Principles
1.3.1 Assessment Purposes
It is required to analyze the impact degree and range on surrounding environment
according to the main pollutants discharged by the project, argue the environmental
feasibility of engineering construction and advancement and rationality of
environment protection safety measures on technology and economy, and further put
forward measures and suggestions for preventing, controlling and reducing pollution,
so as to provide basis for the design of environment protection facilities and
environmental management.
1.3.2 Working Principles
1. According to the “3R Principle” of reduction, reuse and recycle, it is required
to realize the recycle of resources across industries, promote resource utilization,
comprehensively utilize waste, safety disposal, aiming for promoting the coordination
of society, economy and ecology environment.
2. It is required to stick on the principle of “cleaner production”, “standard
discharge” and “control on the total amount of pollutants” according to the rules of
Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection,
and strengthen the assessment content of cleaner production technology and
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environmental protection control countermeasures.
3. It is required to conscientiously implement national regulations and policies,
analyze and assess the planning consistency of the project, rationality of engineering
and pollution prevention and control, feasibility of site selection.
4. It is also required to do engineering analysis well, analyze the impact degree
and range of the project on environment through environmental impact forecasting by
combining the environmental characteristics of the geographical position of the
proposed project, put forward feasible environmental protection measures, minimize
the discharge amount of pollutants, and work out real and reliable assessment
conclusion, so as to provide basis for environmental protection control and
environmental management.
1.4 Assessment Factors
See Table 1.4-1 for the assessment factors of the project.
Table 1.4-1 Environmental Assessment Factors
Item Current Condition Assessment
Factors
Factors Impacted Assessment
(Analysis)
Total Amount
Control Factors
Atmosphere SO2, NO2, PM10, NH3, H2S, HCl,
fluoride, CO, Pb, Cd, dioxin
HCl, HF, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO,
Cd, Pb, Hg, dioxins, NH3, H2S
Dust, SO2, NO2, HCl,
HF, CO, Cd, Pb, Hg,
dioxins
Surface
Water
pH, COD, DO, ammonia nitrogen,
SS, total phosphorus, oil type - -
Groundwater
pH, permanganate index, ammonia
nitrogen, Cr6+
, Cd, Hg, Pb, total
escherichia coli, nitrite nitrogen,
fluoride, total hardness
- -
Noise Equivalent sound level Ld(A) -
Soil
pH, cadmium, mercury, arsenic,
copper, lead, chromium, zinc, nickel,
dioxin
- -
Ecology Plant, farmland ecology -
Solid Wastes Output, utilization amount, disposal amount of industrial solid wastes
Discharge amount of
industrial solid
wastes
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1.5 Assessment Grade
1.5.1 Assessment Grade of Environment and Air
According to the analysis results of preliminary engineering, the main
atmosphere pollutants of the project include NOx, SO2, HCl, etc. In accordance with
the requirements of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment-
Atmospheric Environment (HJ2.2-2008), it is required to choose estimation pattern to
classify the atmospheric environment assessment of the project, individually calculate
the standard rate of maximum ground level concentration Pi for all pollutants, the
longest distance D10% corresponding to that when ground level concentration reaches
10% of standard limit value, see Table 1.5-1 for the calculation results of main
pollutants.
The results are calculated according to the estimation pattern. Pmax, fly ash
solidification in-organization, is 20.16%; the biggest D10% appears at 803.66m.
According to assessment grading criteria (Table 1.5-2), the assessment grade of this
project is Level . It is stipulated in Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact
Assessment- Atmospheric Environment (HJ2.2-2008) that “it shall be not less than
Level for the special items with its discharged pollutant having serious hazard to
human health or ecological environment”. Therefore, the atmosphere assessment
grade of this project is defined as Level . To assess the impacts of the project on
Mudu Town, the assessment range takes the range with the center of project exhaust
funnel and the radius of 3 km.
Table 1.5-1 Calculation Result Sheet of Estimation Pattern
Pollution
Source Pollutant
Maximum
Concentration
of Downwind
Direction
[ug/m3]
Appearance
Distance of
Maximum
Concentration
[m]
Assessment
Standard
[ug/m3]
Standard Rate
of Maximum
Ground
Concentration
[%]
D10% [m]
Recommended
Assessment
Grade
Incinerator
Dust 1.43 1,000.0 450.00 .32
SO2 1.43 1,000.0 500.00 .29
NO2 23.11 1,005.0 240.00 9.63
HCl 0.73 1,005.0 50.00 1.46
HF 0.14 1,000.0 20.00 .70
Pb 0.07 1,005.0 10.70 .66
Hg 0.01 1,005.0 .90 .78
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Cd 0.01 1,005.0 10.00 .07
Dioxin 0.00 1,000.0 .00 .29
Refuse Chute Ammonia 5.24 123.0 200.00 2.62
H2S 0.61 123.0 10.00 6.07
Fly Ash
Solidification pm10 90.73 96.0 450.00 20.16 803.66
Table 1.5-2 Assessment Grade
Assessment Grade Criterion of Assessment Grade
Level Pmax ≥ 80%, and D10% ≥ 5km
Level Others
Level Pmax < 10%, or D10% < the closest distance of pollution source
from boundary of factory
1.5.2 Surface Water Environment Assessment Grade
With respect to industrial waste water recycling, only the pipe of domestic
sewage is connected to new sewage treatment plant. According to the relevant
provisions of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (Surface
Water) (HJ/T2.3-93), the water assessment grade is brief analysis.
1.5.3 Noise Assessment Grade
The quality standard for noise of the region where the project is located
implements the Level standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Noise
(GB3096-2008). Through forecasting, the added value of the noise at the boundary of
the factory is less than 3dB (A), thus the quality standard for noise of the project is
defined as Level , according to the requirements of Technical Guidelines for
Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ2.4-2009).
1.5.4 Groundwater Environment Assessment Grade
The construction project belongs to I project that may cause pollution to
groundwater. According to Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact
Assessment HJ610-2011, it is required to make sure the assessment and range of
groundwater by selecting aeration zone antifouling property, vulnerable water-bearing
bed, sensitivity of groundwater environment, sewage quantity and complexity of
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sewage quality. In accordance with Table 6 and Table 12 of Technical Guidelines for
Environmental Impact Assessment HJ610-2011, the groundwater environmental
impact grade of this project is Level and the assessment range is the round area
with the project as the center and the radius of 6km. The assessment indicator and
assessment standard of all items are showed in the following tables:
Table 1.5-3 Aeration Zone Antifouling Property Grade
Grade Penetrability of aeration zone rock (soil)
Strong The thickness of single rock (soil) bed of Mb ≥ 1.0m, coefficient of permeability of k
10-7
cm/s, continuous and stable distribution
Middle
The thickness of single rock (soil) bed of 0.5m Mb 1.0m, coefficient of permeability
of k 10-7
cm/s, continuous and stable distribution
The thickness of single rock (soil) bed of Mb≥1.0m, coefficient of permeability of
10-7
cm/s k 10-4
cm/s, continuous and stable distribution
Weak Rock and soil bed fail to meet the conditions of the above “strong” or “middle”
Note: The “rock (soil) bed” refers to the first rock (soil) bed under the underground
base of the construction project; the coefficient of permeability of aeration zone rock
(soil) bed refers to the coefficient of permeability of aeration zone rock soil when it is
saturated.
Table 1.5-4 Grade of Vulnerable Water-bearing Bed of Construction Project
Grade Position of the project site and vulnerable water-bearing bed property
Easy
The area with strong coefficient of permeability of unconfined aquifer and aeration
zone rock property (for instance, sand and gravel); area that has close relationship with
groundwater and surface water; area that goes against dilution and self-purification of
pollutant in groundwater
Middle Area with multiple water-bearing bed system and close relationship of water power
between beds
Difficult Other areas beyond the above situation
Table 1.5-5 Sensitivity of Groundwater Environment
Grade Groundwater environment property of the project site
Sensitive Quasi conservation area of centralized model drinking water source field (including the
built water source field under operation, for backup or emergence, as well as water source
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field under construction and planning); other conservation areas relating to groundwater
set by national or local government beyond centralized model drinking water source field,
like special groundwater resource conservation area such as hot water, mineral water and
warm spring
More
Sensitive
Supply runoff area beyond quasi conservation area of centralized model drinking water
source field (including the built water source field under operation, for backup or
emergence, as well as water source field under construction and planning); distribution
area beyond special groundwater resource (for instance, mineral water, warm spring, etc.)
conservation area, as well as the environmental sensitivity areas that are not listed in the
above sensitivity grade
Insensitive Other areas beyond the above areas
Note: 1. The “environmental sensitivity area” in the table refers to the environmental
sensitivity area relating to groundwater defined in Classification Catalogue for
Environment Impact Assessment of Construction Project. 2. in case the water-bearing
bed (water-bearing system) is located at the boundary of supply area or runoff area
and discharge area; the sensitivity grade shall be upgrade by one level.
Table 1.5-6 Sewage Quantity Grand
Grade Total Amount of Sewage Discharge (m3/d)
Large 10,000
Middle 1,000~10,000
Small 1,000
Table 1.5-7 Complexity of Sewage Quality
Complexity of Sewage
Quality Grade Type of Pollutant Sewage Quality Indicator
Complex Type of Pollutant 2 Quality Indicator That Needs Predict
6
Middle
Type of Pollutant 2 Quality Indicator That Needs
Predict<6
Type of Pollutant=1 Quality Indicator That Needs Predict
6
Simple Type of Pollutant=1 Quality Indicator That Needs
Predict<6
In accordance with the engineering investigation report and hydrogeology survey
of the area where the project is located, the indicator assessment results of the project
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are showed in Table 1.5-8.
Table 1.5-8 Single Indicator Assessment Grade Table
Assessment
Indicator
Aeration Zone
Antifouling
Property
Vulnerable
Water-bearing
Bed
Sensitivity of
Groundwater
Environment
Sewage
Quantity
Complexity of
Sewage Quality
Assessment
Result
Bed rock (the
thickness of
single rock
(soil) bed of
Mb≥1.0m,
coefficient of
permeability
of k
10-7
cm/s,
continuous
and stable
distribution)
Other areas
beyond the
above
situation
Other areas
beyond the
above areas
600
1,000
Type of pollutant
2, quality
indicator that
needs predict
6
Assessment
Grade Strong Difficult Insensitive Small Complex
1.5.5 Ecological Environmental Impact Assessment Grade
Since this project has little impact range, ecological impact and change degree,
the major ecological impacts are analyzed briefly.
1.5.6 Risk Assessment Grade
This project is a domestic waste Waste-to-Energy project, which does not belong
to toxic, combustible and explosive substances, with the risk assessment of Level ,
according to the judgment basis of assessment grade. Please see the section of risk
assessment for details.
1.6 Assessment Range
(1) Assessment Range of Air
It is a circle range with the funnel of the proposed site of the project as center and
a radius of 3km.
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The analysis range of garbage repository in-organization stinky impact covers an
area within 500m of garbage repository.
(2) Assessment Range of Surface Water
It covers an area within 10km of the upstream and downstream of outlet of
sewage treatment plant in new area.
(3) Assessment Range of Noise
It covers an area within 200m of and beyond the proposed project plant.
(4) Assessment Range of Groundwater
It is a circle region with the project as center and a radius of 6km.
(5) Assessment Range of Ecological Environment
It covers an area within 200m of and beyond the proposed project plant.
(6) Assessment Range of Risk
It covers an area within 3km from risk source.
1.7 Object of Environment Sensitivity Protection
See Table1.7-1 Table 1.7-3, Figure1.7-1 Figure 1.7-2 for object of environment
sensitivity protection and see Figure 4.3-1 for the overview of surrounding
environment of the project. No garbage transportation line is added in this extension
project. Most of the existing transportation roads are the main roads of the city, not
going through concentration residential district.
Table 1.7-1 Object of Environmental Protection
Environmental
Factor
Name of Environmental
Protection Object Position Distance (m) Scale
Environment
Function Remarks
Air
Environment
Mudu Town (Ancient
Town Area) WNW 2,600-6,300
200,000
people
Level of
GB3095-1996
Original Gusu Village W 2,000
3,600
household
Now they
are
merged
as Gusu
Village
Qizi District of Gusu
Village N 1,200
20
household
Fenghuang District of
Gusu Village SW 1,650
3,100
household
Suzhou University of
Science and Technology E 2,300
7,500
people
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Environmental
Factor
Name of Environmental
Protection Object Position Distance (m) Scale
Environment
Function Remarks
Renji Nursing Home N 750 20 beds
Shangfangshan Forest
Park SE 1,600 5.002 km
2
Noise Boundary of Factory — — —
Class of
GB3096-93
Surface Water Xujiang River N 1,500 —
Class of
GB3838-2002
Jiangnan Canal NE 5,000 — Class
Table 1.7-2 Object List of Important Ecological Environmental Protection
S.N. Name Leading Ecological Function
1 Mudu Landscape and Famous
Scenery
Protection of Natural and Humanistic
Landscape
2 Qizishan Ecological Public
Welfare Forest
Water Conservation and Protection of
Biological Diversity
Table 1.7-3 Object List of Water Environmental Protection along Garbage
Transportation Line
Number Protection Object Scale Function
1 Jiangnan Canal Medium-sized Industrial Water, Agricultural
Water, Class
2 Xujiang River Medium-sized Industrial Water, Agricultural
Water, Class
1.8 Assessment Standard
1.8.1 Environment Quality Standard
(1) Ambient air quality standard
It is required to execute the Level standard and its modification list of
Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-96) for SO2, NO2, TSP, PM10, CO, fluoride
and Pb; the “maximum allowed concentration of harmful materials in the air of
residual district” of Hygienic Standards for the Design of Industrial Enterprises
(TJ36-79) shall be executed for such special pollution factors as HCl, NH3, H2S and
Hg; the environment standard of former Yugoslavia shall be referred to for Cd; the
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environment standard of Japan shall be referred to for the dioxin in the air. See Table
1.8-1 and table 1.8-2 for its standards.
Table 1.8-1 Ambient Air Quality Standard
Pollutant Time of Value
Taking
Limit Value of
Concentration
(mg/m3)
Standard Source
SO2
Annual Average 0.06
Level Standard of Ambient
Air Quality Standard
(GB3095-1996)
Daily Average 0.15
Hour Average 0.50
PM10 Annual Average 0.10
Daily Average 0.15
TSP Annual Average 0.20
Daily Average 0.30
NO2
Annual Average 0.08
Daily Average 0.12
Hour Average 0.24
CO Daily Average 4
Hour Average 10
Fluoride Daily Average 7 μg/m3
Hour Average 20 μg/m3
Pb
Annual Average 1.0 μg/m3
Seasonal Average 1.5 μg/m3
Daily Average* 3.5 μg/m3
Hour Average * 10.7 μg/m3
Hg Daily Average 0.0003
Hygienic Standards for the
Design of Industrial Enterprises
(TJ36-79)
Hour Average* 0.0009
NH3 Once 0.20
H2S Once 0.01
HCl Once 0.05
Daily Average 0.015
Cd Once 0.01 Standard of Yugoslavia
Daily Average 0.003
Dioxins
Annual Average 0.6 pg/m3
Environment Standard
formulated by Central
Environmental Commission of
Japan EPA
Daily Average* 1.65 pg/m3
Once* 5 pg/m3
* The standard for the hour average concentration of Pb, Hg and dioxins shall be
calculated by the proportion of once sampling daily average, seasonal average and
annual average of 1 0.33 0.14 0.12, the once concentration standard for Pb, Hg and
dioxins shall be taken as 0.0107mg/m3, 0.0009mg/m
3 and 5pg/m
3.
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Table 1.8-2 Limit Value for the Concentration of Sulfur Dioxide and
Fluoride for Protecting Corps
Pollutant Sensitivity
of Corps
Seasonal
Average
Concentration
Growth
Daily
Average
Concentration
Any
One
Time
Type of Corps
Sulfur
Dioxide
mg/m3
Sensitive
Corps 0.05 0.15 0.50
Winter wheat, spring wheat, barley, buckwheat,
soybean, sugar beet, sesame, rape, green
vegetable, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, cucumber,
pumpkin, courgette, potato, apple, pear, grape,
alfalfa, clover, cocksfoot and ryegrass
Medium
Sensitive
Corps
0.08 0.25 0.70
Rice, corn, oat, sorghum, cotton, tobacco,
tomato, eggplant, carrot, peach, apricot, plum,
orange and cherry
Resistant
Corps 0.12 0.30 0.80
Broad bean, rape, sunflower, cabbage, taro,
strawberry
Fluoride
μg/dm2.d
Sensitive
Corps 1.0 5.0
Winter wheat, peanut, cabbage, pea bean, apple,
pear, peach, apricot, plum, grape, strawberry,
cherry, white mulberry, alfalfa, ryegrass and
cocksfoot
Medium
Sensitive
Corps
2.0 10.0
Barley, rice, corn, sorghum, soybean, Chinese
cabbage, leaf mustard, cauliflower, orange and
clover
Resistant
Corps 4.5 15.0
Sunflower, cotton, tea, fennel, tomato, eggplant,
hot pepper and potato
Basis Maximum Allowable Concentration of Pollutants in Atmosphere for Protection Crops
GB9137-1988 Level
(2) According to Jiangsu Surface Water (Environment) Function
Regionalization, among the relevant river channel, water body near the engineering,
XuJiang River (from Mudu ship lock to Jiangnan Canal) belongs to Class water
body, Jiangnan Canal (Suzhou) belongs to Class water body, and the and
standards in Table 1 of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water
(GB3838—2002).
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Table 1.8-3 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water Unit: mg/L
Item Class Standard Class IV Standard Basis
pH 6~9
Table 1 of Environmental Quality
Standards for Surface Water
(GB3838—2002)
DO ≥5 ≥3
COD ≤20 ≤30
Permanganate
Index ≤6 ≤10
BOD5 ≤4 ≤6
Ammonia
Nitrogen ≤1.0 ≤1.5
Total Phosphorus ≤0.2 ≤0.3
Petroleum ≤0.05 ≤0.5
Chloride ≤250
Table 2 of Environmental Quality
Standards for Surface Water
(GB3838—2002)
SS※
≤30 ≤60
Level and Level of
Environmental Quality Standards for
Surface Water Resources (SL63-94)
(3) The Class 3 standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Noise
(GB3096-2008) shall be executed for noise.
Table1.8-4 Environmental Quality Standard for Noise Unit: dB (A)
Type Daytime Nighttime
Class 3 Region 65 55
Basis Environmental Quality Standard for Noise (GB3096-2008)
(4) The Class standard of Quality Standard for Ground Water
(GB/T14848-93) shall be executed for groundwater.
Table 1.8-5 Quality Standards for Ground Water
Unit: mg/L (Exclusive of pH)
Item pH Permanganate
Index
Total
Hardness
Ammonia
Nitrogen
Hexavalent
Chromium
Total
Cadmium
Class
Standard Value 6.5~8.5 3.0 450 0.2 0.05 0.01
Item Mercury Lead Total Nitrite Fluoride Chloride
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Item pH Permanganate
Index
Total
Hardness
Ammonia
Nitrogen
Hexavalent
Chromium
Total
Cadmium
Escherichia
Coli
Nitrogen
Class
Standard Value 0.001 0.05 3.0 0.02 1.0 250
Basis Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848-93)
(5) The Class standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soils
(GB15618-1995) shall be executed for soil.
Table 1.8-6 Environmental Quality Standards for Soils
Unit: mg/kg (Exclusive of pH)
pH Value Cadmium Mercury
Arsenic
(Paddy
Field)
Lead Nickel
Chromium
(Paddy
Field)
Zinc Copper
(Farmland)
<6.5 0.3 0.3 30 250 40 250 200 50
6.5-7.5 0.3 0.5 25 300 50 300 250 100
>7.5 0.6 1.0 20 350 60 350 300 100
Basis Class Standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB15618-1995)
1.8.2 Pollutant Discharge Standard
(1) Waste Gas
Technical Indicator for Index
Table 1 standard of Standard for Pollution Control on the household garbage
Incineration (GB18485-2001) shall be executed for technical indicator for index. See
Table 1.8-7 for specific index.
Table 1.8-7 Technical Performance Index for Incinerator
Item Temperature of
Incinerator ℃
Smoke Residence
Times
Oxygen Content of Smoke at
the Outlet of Incinerator %
Heat Scorching
Reduction Rate of
Incinerator Slag %
Index ≥850 ≥2
6-12 ≤5 ≥1,000 ≥1
Technical Requirements for Chimney of Incinerator
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The height of the chimney of incinerator shall be determined according to the
requirements of environmental impact assessment, but not lower than the height
stipulated in Table 1.8-8. The total capacity of daily garbage incineration of single
incinerator is 500t and the height of chimney is 80m, which meet the requirements of
standard.
Table 1.8-8 Requirements for the Height of Chimney of Incinerator
Treatment Quantity (t/d) <100 100~300 >300
Minimum Allowed Height of
Chimney (m) 25 40 60
Note: In case there are several garbage incinerators simultaneously in a
factory, the total treatment quantity of all incinerators shall be the assessment basis.
In case there are buildings within a radius of 200m around the chimney of
incinerator, the height of chimney shall be higher than the highest building by more
than 3m. For the chimney that fails to reach the requirement, its limit value of air
pollutant discharge shall be executed by the 50% stricter than the limit value
stipulated in Table 2.5.3-2. For the domestic waste incineration plant composed
by several incinerators, the smoke shall be concentrated to a chimney to discharge or
applied by multi-tube concentration discharge. The chimney or gas flue of
incinerator shall be set permanent sampling hole and installed with sampling
monitoring platform according to the requirements of GB/T16157-1996.
Air Pollutant Discharge Standard
In accordance with the environment assessment and reply of Phase
engineering, the pollutant of domestic waste incineration smoke shall execute the
requirements of EU 92 Standard on the basis of meeting Standard for Pollution
Control on the Household Garbage Incineration (GB18485-2001), and CO and
dioxin shall refer to EU 2000 Standard (DIRECTIVE 2000/76/EC), see the black part
of Table 1.8-9.
The discharge of odor pollutants at the boundary of factory shall execute the
Level standard of newly built extension project in the boundary standard value of
odor pollutant of Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB14554 93), see Table
1.8-10.
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Table 1.8-9 Air Pollutant Discharge Standards for Domestic Waste
Incineration
S.N. Pollutant
Meaning of
Number
Value
GB18485-2001
mg/m3
Meaning of
Number
Value
EU 92 mg/m3
EU 2000
mg/m3
1
Blackness
of Gas
Measured
Value
Ringelmann
Level 1
Measured
Value
Ringelmann
Level 1
Ringelmann
Level 1
2
Smoke
Dust
Average
Measured
Value
50
Average
Measured
Value 30 10
3 SO2 Average
Hour Value 260
Average Day
Value 300 50
4 NOx Average
Hour Value 400
Average Day
Value / 200
5 CO Average
Hour Value 150
Average Day
Value 100 50
6 HCl Average
Hour Value 75
Average Day
Value 50 10
7 Hg
Average
Measured
Value
0.2
Average
Measured
Value
0.1 0.05
8 Cd
Average
Measured
Value
0.1
Average
Measured
Value
0.1 0.05
9 Pb
Average
Measured
Value
1.6
Average
Measured
Value
/ 0.5
10 dioxins
Average
Measured
Value
1TEQng/m3
Average
Measured
Value
0.1TEQng/m3 0.1TEQng/m
3
11 HF
Average
Measured
Value
/
Average
Measured
Value
2 1
Table 1.8-10 Factory Boundary Standard Value of Odor Pollutants
S.N. Pollutant Limit Value of Concentration, mg/m3
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S.N. Pollutant Limit Value of Concentration, mg/m3
1 NH3 1.5
2 H2S 0.06
3 Odor Concentration 20 (Non-dimensional)
(2) Waste Water
A small amount of garbage leachate of this engineering spray back to incinerator,
the rest shall be used to recycle cooling water after pre-treatment by supporting
leachate treatment plant and reaching the standard of water supply for open recycling
cooling water of The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water--Water Quality Standard for
Industrial Uses (GB/T19923-2005). See Table 1.8-11 for the standard of reuse water.
Table 1.8-11 Limit Value of Industrial Reuse Water
Name of Pollutant Standard Value (Unit: mg/L, pH
non-dimensional) Standard Source
pH 6.5-8.5
Water supply for open
recycling cooling water of The
Reuse of Urban Recycling
Water--Water Quality Standard
for Industrial Uses
(GB/T19923-2005)
COD ≤60
BOD ≤10
Chlorine ion ≤250
Ammonia Nitrogen
(Calculated by N) ≤10
Total Phosphorus
(Calculated by P) ≤1
The domestic sewage is taken over by Suzhou New District Sewage Treatment
Plant, executing the Class standard of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard
GB8978-1996. The discharge of sewage plant shall execute Discharge Standard of
Main Water Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant & Key Industries of
Taihu Area (DB32/T1072-2007), and Class (A) standard of Discharge Standard of
Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002). See Table
1.8-12 for standards.
Table 1.8-12 Limit Value of Takeover and Discharge Standard for Waste
Water Pollutant
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Name of
Pollutant
Standard Value (Unit: mg/L
pH non--dimensional) Standard Source
Takeover Standard Discharge Standard
pH 6~9
Takeover standard:
Integrated Wastewater
Discharge Standard
(GB8978-1996)
Discharge standard of tail
water of sewage plant:
Discharge Standard of Main
Water Pollutants for
Municipal Wastewater
Treatment Plant & Key
Industries of Taihu Area
(DB32/T1072-2007) and
Class (A) standard of
Discharge Standard of
Pollutants for Municipal
Wastewater Treatment Plant
(GB18918-2002)
COD ≤500 50
BOD ≤300 10
SS ≤400 10
Fluoride ≤20 /
Sulfide ≤1.0 1.0
TAs ≤0.5 0.1
THg ≤0.05 0.001
TCd ≤0.1 0.01
TPb ≤1.0 0.1
TCu ≤2.0 0.5
TCr/Cr6+
≤1.5/≤0.5 0.05
Ammonia
Nitrogen ≤35 5 8
Total Nitrogen / 15
Phosphate
(Calculated by P) ≤8 0.5
(3) Noise
The noise of factory boundary shall execute the corresponding standard limit
value in Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary
(GB12348-2008), see Table 1.8-13.
Table 1.8-13 Emission Standards for Industrial Enterprises Noise at
Boundary
Type Daytime (dB) Nighttime (dB)
3 65 55
Basin Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary
(GB12348-2008)
(4) Solid Waste
General solid waste shall execute Standard for Pollution on the Storage and
Disposal Site for General Solid Waste (GB18599-2001);
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Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Municipal Solid Waste
(GB16889-2008);
Hazardous waste shall execute Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous
Waste Storage (GB18597-2001).
1.9 Process of Assessment
See Figure 1.9-1 for assessment technical route.
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Figure 1.9-1 Flow Diagram of Environment Impact Assessment
Acceptance of Engagement
Field Investigation
Acceptance of Engagement
Preliminary Engineering Analysis Data Collection
Investigation and Assessment of Current Environmental Situation Implementing Environment Assessment
Na
tura
l an
d S
ocia
l
Investig
atio
n
Mo
nito
ring
of
Cu
rren
t Situ
atio
n
Determination of Protection Object
Engineering Analysis Analysis of Cleaner Production
Environment Impact Forecast and Assessment
Environment Impact Forecast and Assessment during Production Period
Environment Impact Forecast and Assessment during Construction Period
Environmental Impact Assessment for Ambient
Air
Environmental Impact Assessment
for Water
Assessment for Other Environmental Factors, such as Noise and Solid
Waste
Risk Analysis Assessment
Assessment for Pollution Prevention and Control Measures
Compliance Analysis of Industrial Policy
Feasibility Analysis of Project Site Selection
Control of Total Amount of Pollutant
Environmental Economic Cost-benefit Analysis
Public Participation
Environment Monitoring and Management Plan
Comprehensive Analysis
Review and Modification of Report
Compiling Environment Impact Report
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2 Environment Overview
2.1 Overview of Natural Environment
2.1.1 Geographical Position
Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. is located at the
south to Qizi village, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, 3# and 4
# cols at the north side of
Qizishan Mountain, with the geographic coordinates of 120°31′E and 31°15′N, under
the jurisdiction of Mudu Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou. The site of the factory is
located at the south of Qizishan Mountain, 1.5 km north to Qizi village, 2km from
Xujiang River, 2.4 km from Sufu Road, 5.5 km from Mudu town, about 13 km from
Suzhou City, with convenient transportation. See Figure 2.1-1 for the geographical
position of the factory.
2.1.2 Geologic, Topographic and Morphologic Features
2.1.2.1 Geologic, Topographic and Morphologic Features of Suzhou
Suzhou is located at the composite part of Neocathaysian second giant uplift
zone and the east extension of Qinling mountains transmeridional complex structure
zone, with a complex structure. The fold formed by Indosinian movement is
dismemberented severely, destroyed by the fault block and magmatism of later period.
The structural patterns of the area include Cathaysian structure, East-west structure,
North-west structure, Nappe structure, Neocathaysian structure and arcuate structure.
The geological structure of Suzhou is formed in Proterozoic Era, belongs to
south China platform, composed by limestone, sandstone and quartzite. Most of the
surface is piled by the loose deposit layer of Cenozoic Quaternary, with the thickness
of several hundred meters generally.
The urban area of Suzhou is alluvial plain, the previous Quaternary stratum is
underdeveloped, and the widely distributed stratum is Maoshan Group and Wutong
Formation quartz sandstone and sandshale. The deposit conditions of eastern plain
and quaternary deposit of western bedrock intermountain depression are entirely
different, and they belong to two deposit units. In the eastern plain, the Quaternary
stratum is deeply covered, while that in the western plain is exposed to the surface.
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The urban area of Suzhou is close to mountain and lake. The topography of its
western part is high and flat and hills, such as Tianping Mountain, Lingyan Mountain,
are located at the southwest of the suburban; the eastern part of the city is low, with
lakes, such as Yangdeng Lake, Jinji Lake and Zhantai Lake. The elevation of the town
is 4.2~5.2m and that of outskirts is about 3.8m (the elevation of Wusong).
2.1.2.2 Geologic, Topographic and Morphologic Features of Site Area
The site of the project is located as the deluvial layer in front of mountain at the
east of Wanlv Mountain, with flat terrain. The lower stratum is Quaternary system
silty clay, angular gravel; gravel interlayer and quartzite of Devonian system middle
lower Maoshan Group. See the following table for the geological structure.
Stratum Features
Quaternary
strata
Silty clay layer
Gray yellow, yellow brown, plastic and stiff-plastic, angular
gravel and gravel are found in some parts, density, with the base
bearing force standard of 150~250kPa.
Angular gravel,
gravel layer
Mixed color, angular, big and small ones, with the composites of
quartz sandstone and muddy siltstone, filled by silty soil, silty
clay, with the base bearing force standard of 200~300kPa.
Devonian
system
stratum
quartz sandstone
Quartzite of
middle lower
Maoshan Group
The upper part is intensive weathered layer, gray yellow, brick
red, weathered into block, with the thickness of 1-4m; the lower
part is medium, slight weathered, gray yellow, gray white, fine
granted structure, middle thick structure, silicon shale
cementation, slity sandstone and mudstone are found in some
parts. The buried depth of roof of bedrock is between 5 to 15
meters.
Comprehensive analysis assessment is done based on the Investigation Report on
Suzhou Qizishan Landfill Site that there is no such adverse geologic phenomena as
activity fault going through and landslip, and regional structure has no impact on the
stability of the site of the factory.
2.1.2.3 Geological Overview of Fly Ash Landfill
The existing engineering fly ash is transported to Everbright Environmental
Protection (Suzhou) Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd. to be solidified and buried.
“Suzhou Solid Waste Landfill Site” of Everbright Environmental Protection
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(Suzhou) Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd. is the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” pollution
prevention and control project of Taihu Basin approved by the State Council, for
which Suzhou municipal government have implemented public investment and
approve it as the only Landfill site for solid hazardous waste in Suzhou. This
hazardous solid waste Landfill site is located at the east of this project, at the 3# and
4# cols of the north side of Qizishan Mountain, and the site area belongs to hilly
region, with the hilly mountain belonging to Qizishan Mountain. The mountain
sweeps in a curve and the cross valley at the north side of its main peak develops, and
1# to 5# cols are parallel to each other in pinniform. The site is located at the
southeastern wing of Mudu syncline, taking on the landform of being ringed on three
sides by mountains and valleys in the middle, along the main peak of Qizishan
Mountain at the south, extension mountain ridge at east and west sides, forming
independent geographic and geomorphic unit. The area of catchment is about 0.6km2.
The elevation of the main peak of Qizishan Mountain is 274.4m, the elevation of
ridge lines at both sides range from 20 to 150m, and that of the bottom of trench is
between 10 and 30m. The stratum of the site area is Devonian system middle lower
Maoshan Group and Quaternary slide rock—slope deluvial stratum. The bedrock is
composed by Devonian system middle lower Maoshan Group quartz sandstone and
muddy slity sandstone. The upper part is covered by Quaternary slide rock-- slope
deluvial deposit sediments with different thicknesses. Quaternary cover layer mainly
distributes in col, as well as the mountain slope. The plain beyond the site is
Quaternary alluvial layer.
2.1.3 Climatic Features
Located at the middle of Taihu Lake water system in the southeast of Yangtze
River Delta, Suzhou area belongs to northern subtropical monsoon climate, four
seasons, sufficient heat, plentiful rainfall, hot rainy season and long frost free season.
Commonly, spring is from March to May, summer is between June and August,
autumn is from September to November, and winter is between December to next
February, longer winter and summer and shorter spring and autumn. The annual
average temperature is 15.7℃, with the highest temperature of 39.3℃ and the lowest
temperature of -9.8℃. The average annual rainfall is 1,094mm, with the highest
rainfall of 1,783mm and the lowest rainfall of 604mm, and the annual average rainfall
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day is 130d, with the rainfall period concentrating from June to September, and the
rainfall of June accounts for 15% of annual rainfall. The annual average foggy day is
25d, with the annual average sunshine duration of 1,996h, annual average evaporation
capacity of 1,291mm annual average relative humidity of 80%. The annual average
wind speed is 4.6m/s, the biggest wind speed in 30 years is 28m/s, and most wind
directions are SE wind, followed by NNE; northwest wind is common in winter and
southeast wind is common in summer. See Table 2.1-1 for main climatic features.
Table 2.1-1 List of Suzhou Year-round Climate Features
Meteorological Elements Value Meteorological Elements Value
Temperature
Annual Average
Temperature 15.7℃
Rainfall
Annual Average
Rainfall 1094mm
Extremely
Highest
Temperature
39.3℃ Maximum
Annual Rainfall 1783mm
Extremely
Lowest
Temperature
-9.8℃ Minimum Annual
Rainfall 604mm
Wind Speed
Annual Average
Wind Speed 4.6m/s Annual Average Rainfall Day
Biggest Wind
Speed in History 28m/s Annual Average Foggy Day
Wind
Direction
Year-round
Commonest Wind
Direction
SE
Annual Average Sunshine
Duration
Secondary
Prevailing Wind
Direction
NNE
Annual Average Evaporation
Capacity
Prevailing Wind
Direction in
summer
SE
Annual Average Relative
Humidity
2.1.4 Hydrological Condition
2.1.4.1Land Hydrology
Suzhou is a city rich in water resource, with a large amount of lakes and rivers.
The lakes include Taihu Lake, Yangdeng Lake, Kuncheng Lake and Dianshan Lake,
and rivers include Jiangnan Canal, Wangyu River, Xujiang River, Loujiang River and
Taipu River, with water area of 1,950km2, among which that of lakes is 1,825.83km
2
(the water area of Taihu Lake is about 1,600km2), accounting for 93.61%; there are 22
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backbone rivers, 212km long, with the area of 34.38km2, accounting for 1.76%; the
area of ditches is 44.32km2, accounting for 2.27%; the area of ponds is 46.00km
2,
accounting for 2.36%.
The main functions of Jiangnan Canal include shipping, agricultural irrigation,
flood discharge and industrial water; the water of rivers flow from west to east, from
north to south, with the average flow rate of 32.5m3/s, monthly low water flow of
20m3/s; the average flow rate is 0.14m/s; the water quality goal of functional
regionalization is Class IV water body.
Xujiang River originates from the water outlet of Taihu Lake, goes through
Xukou Town, Mudu Town and Xikuatang Industrial Park, and separates into two
branches near Hengtang, with the southern branch going through Shi Lake channel
flowing into Shi Lake near Yuecheng Bridge and the eastern branch flowing into new
canal. The two branches converge at Baodai Bridge and old canal. The Xujiang River
is 12km long (from Xukou to Wufu Bridge). During the period of water pouring, the
water quality of Xujiang River is good, flowing from west to east. During the period
of back flow, its water quality becomes worse, affected by Suzhou moat and Jiangnan
Canal with poor water quality. According to observation data, the times of backflow
for Xujiang River are about 30d a year.
Ponds and pits scatter all over the site like stars in the sky, some have perennial
stagnant water. Qinglong Creek—creek developed among cross valleys, mainly
originates from the natural water outlets of No.1 col and No.4 col (the outcrops of
descending springs), flows into Xujiang River at the northeast of Qizi village, about
2km long and 2-3m wide, perennial streams. See Figure 2.1-2 for the regional water
system conditions.
2.1.4.2 Underground Hydrology
During the period of site selection for Phase engineering (2002-2003),
Engineering Prospecting Team of the Fourth Geological Brigade of Jiangsu Geology
and Mineral Bureau had implemented comprehensive investigation, and no obvious
geological activity has appeared in the site, therefore the geological investigation data
is suitable for the assessment of underground hydrology conditions. The results of this
investigation indicates that the underground hydrology and geological condition are
simple, and the site area is the landform of being ringed on three sides by mountains
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and valleys in the middle, steep terrain, the flow direction of surface water is
consistent with that of shallow groundwater, i.e. collecting from the surround of the
site to the mountain, then discharging out of the area along west-northwest direction,
forming the independent geographic and geomorphic unit and hydrological unit with
single supply and discharge.
The bedrock of mountain is Devonian system middle lower Maoshan Group
quartz sandstone and muddy sandstone, with small permeability and water absorption,
better water-resisting layer, which can effectively prevent the groundwater of the site
from overflowing to neighbor col. Aquifer around project site, is bedrock fracture
aquifer, bear pressure partly, with the coefficient of permeability K of 0.003~0.031
m/d. Another aquifer is Quaternary void aquifer, which can be divided into two layers.
The upper layer is phreatic aquifer, occurring in the surface shallow stratum, with tiny
water content, and it has close relationship with surface water, directly supplied by
atmospheric precipitation. The lower layer is micro-confined aquifer, occurring in the
gravel layer (Q1), with the coefficient of permeability of 0.17~0.25m/d, supplied by
upper phreatic and bedrock void water.
The buried depth of groundwater of the site is 1~5m, and the type of
groundwater is heavy calcium carbonate type groundwater, which has no corrosivity
to concrete.
2.2 Overview of Social Economy
2.2.1 Administrative Division
Nowadays, Suzhou has seven districts, namely Canglang, Pingjiang, Jinchang,
Industrial Park District, High-tech Dirstrict (Huqiu), Wuzhong and Xiangcheng, and
five counties, namely Changshu, Zhangjiagang, Wujiang, Kunshan and Taicang, with
the regional area of 8,488.42 km2, 1,650 km
2 of which is urban area. See Table 2.2-1
for the land and population distribution of the whole city and its counties.
Table 2.2-1 Land and Population Distribution of the Whole City and Its
Counties
Region Land Area * km2
Population by the End of 2006
(Ten Thousand People)
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Whole City 8,488.42 616.07
Urban Area 1,649.72 230.15
Zhangjiagang 772.40 88.78
Changshu 1,094.00 105.48
Taicang 620.00 46.14
Kunshan 864.90 66.68
Wujiang 1,092.90 78.84
* The land area without that of large lakes of the city or its counties
Covering an area of 672 km2, Wuzhong District has 8 streets and 7 towns,
namely, Changqiao Street, Yuexi Street, Guoxiang Street, Hengjing Street, Xiangshan
Street, Suyuan Street, Longxi Street, Chengnan Street, Luzhi Town, Mudu Town,
Xukou Town, Dongshan Town, Guangfu Town, Xishan Town and Linhu Town.
As the important economy town, Mudu Town has powerful economic strength.
The maximum distance of the town from east to west is 7.35 km and that from south
to north is 8.9 km, with the total area of 34.05 km2. The town is located in the east to
the southwestern outskirt of Suzhou, south to Hengjing Town and Yuexi Town, west
to Xukou Town and Zangshu Town, north to Fengqiao Town and Suzhou National
High-tech Development Zone. In 1985, Mudu Town was listed as the tourism open
town of Suxichang Economic Development Zone in Yangtze River Delta, Suzhou
industrial satellite town and is awarded “Civilization Unit” of Jiangsu Province for
many years. It also ranked the ninth of the top 100 towns with strong comprehensive
strength in rural areas of Jiangsu Province and has ranked among modernization
sample town, nationwide billion town and China top 100 towns. In 2007, replied by
Jiangsu government Reply [2007] No. 64 of Jiangsu Province, Wuzhong District was
allowed to allocate Shanrenqiao neighborhood committee of Xukou Town, four
village committees, namely Zangdong, Zangzhong, Zangbei and Zangxi village
committees, to Mudu Town. After the adjustment of administrative division, the area
of administrative region of Mudu Town is 70.3 km2, with the population of 80,000,
governing 8 neighborhood committees and 10 village committees.
2.2.2 Social Economy
In 2010, the economy of Suzhou developed smoothly: the city had accomplished
regional production value of RMB 482.03 billion, an increase of 15.5% over the
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previous year calculated by comparable price; general local budget revenue is RMB
40.02 billion, with an increase of 26.3%; the fixed assets investment of the whole
society is RMB 210.7 billion, with an increase of 12.7%. It cultivated and expanded
leading industries, such as high-quality grain and oil, characteristic aquatic product,
efficient gardening and ecological forestry, carried out high-quality production,
standardization management and industrialization operation, and realized agriculture
capacity and efficiency increasing. It also enhanced quality construction for
agricultural products and safety supervision, newly built 35 pollution-free agricultural
production origins, increased 35 pollution-free agricultural products, 188 kinds of
green food and 4 kinds of organic food. The establishment of agriculture insurance
system improved the risk resistance ability of agriculture. The total output of grain
reached 1.235 million tons, with an increase of 11.5%. The grain production base
outside of the city was consolidated continuously and the level of grain storage was
promoted greatly. The relocation and expansion project of Suzhou grain wholesale
market was accomplished as scheduled, thus the grain wholesale market system was
established comprehensively.
Industrial economy develops healthily, with the total output reaching RMB 1,530
billion, an increase of 26.3%; the main business income of above-scale enterprises
increases 24.5%, realizing the increase of profit and taxes of 35%; the output value of
high-tech products accounts for 32% of the industrial output value of above-scale
enterprises, with an increase of 0.9% over the previous year; various distinctive
industrial bases are built and the agglomeration degree of manufacturing industry
increases continuously. The increase speed of service industry is accelerated, and
finishes added value of RMB 157.4 billion, with an increase of 15.7%, an increase of
1.5% in the proportion of total regional production value. Urban and city markets are
flourishing, with the retail total sales of consumer goods increasing 16.6%.
The cargo handling capacity of Suzhou Port reaches 150 million tons and the
traffic volume of containers reaches 1,240 thousand standard containers, respectively
increasing 26.6% and 65.1%. The establishment of financial ecology gets
achievement, the loan balance of domestic and foreign currency of financial
institutions at the end of the year increase 23.1% and 25.2% respectively than that at
the beginning of the year. The premium income of the whole year increases 11.5%
and the turnover increases by 2 times. The development of new tourism product and
market development are intensified and the accepted domestic and foreign tourists
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respectively increase 13% and 16.3%, with the gross income of tourism increasing
21.5%. Conference and exhibition industry presents good developmental momentum
and Suzhou Electronic Manufacturer Exposition becomes the largest professional
exhibition for electronic information in China. The scale of commercial service,
community service, information service, soft ware and animation is expanded further.
2.3 Overview of Regional Master Plan and Environmental
Protection Plan
2.3.1 Current Master Planning
The current master plan of Suzhou is the Suzhou Urban Master Plan (1996-2010)
(hereinafter referred to as Master Plan (1996-2010)) approved by the State Council on
January 10, 2000. The chapter of environmental protection of Master Plan
(1996-2010) defines that domestic waste of Suzhou shall be finally disposed in
Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site and it is required to realize the development direction of
source classification bagging collection, gradually translate from total content sanitary
landfill to the combination of landfill and incineration, finally incineration dominated.
With the rapid development of city of Suzhou and the acceleration of urban and
rural integration, Master Plan (1996-2010) cannot meet the demands for the current
situation and sustained, rapid and healthy development of Suzhou.
2.3.2 Revised Overview of Regional Master Plan and Environmental
Protection Plan
Since February of 2004, Suzhou had engaged itself in the revision of Master
Plan (1996-2010) and had finished Suzhou Urban Master Plan (2007-2020)
(hereinafter referred to as Master Plan (2007-2020)) this year, and had passed experts
argumentation on July 30, 2007.
2.3.2.1 Designated Function of the City
It is clearly defined in Master Plan (2007-2020) that to adapt the demand for
rapid, healthy and sustainable development, it is required to apply the development
strategy of “entering the west of Shanghai in the east, expanding Pingxiang in the
north, optimizing Songwu in the south and controlling Taihu Lake in the west,
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centering the main city” and establish “green mountain, clear water and new paradise”
with the theme of harmonious society: i.e. developing Suzhou into world famous
historic and cultural city and scenic tourist city, national high and new technology
industry base, one of important center cities in Yangtze River Delta. See Figure 2.3-1
for the master Plan of the city.
2.3.2.2 Urban Function
World famous historic and cultural city and scenic tourist base, national high and
new technology industry base; secondary business, trade and logistics center in
Yangtze River Delta; one of innovation and Research & Development industry bases
in Yangtze River Delta; one of the most attractive places of residence in Yangtze River
Delta; municipal center of politics, economy and culture; municipal comprehensive
service center.
2.3.2.3 Urban Scale
In 2020, the population of central urban area is 3.5 million and the scale of
construction land is 373 km2, with the average urban construction land per person are
105m2/ person.
2.3.2.4 Environmental Protection
(1) Green Space System Plan at Central Urban Area
Ecological “repair” is one of important contents of Master Plan (2007-2020); the
Green Space System Plan at Central Urban Area is “one belt, three rings and five
wedges”:
One belt: the open space and green belt at the both sides of the Grand Canal.
Three rings: green ring along moat, green ring of the Grand Canal - Dushu Lake
- Jinji Lake - Yangcheng Lake - Shanghai-Nanning Expressway - Sanjiaozui and the
green ring of the periphery of central urban area.
Five wedges: based on the three-level green centers formed by Taihu Lake,
Yangcheng Lake and Jinji Lake, western green wedge composed by Dayang Mountain,
Tianping Mountain and Lingyan Mountain; the four-angle mountain and water green
wedge of the central city composed by northeastern Yangcheng Lake, southeastern
Cheng Lake, southwestern Shangfang Mountain, Shi Lake, nouthwestern Sanjiaozui
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and Cao Lake.
Taihu Lake is the water source for many cities around the lake, and it is also
located at the upper stream of Taipu River, the water source of Shanghai, directly
affecting the ecological safety and urban safety of Yangtze River Delta; Taihu Lake is
located at the upper stream of Suzhou municipal water net and its water quality
directly affects the ecological environment quality of the municipal area of Suzhou; it
is also the regional green center and permanent open space of Yangtze River Delta,
the common ecological landscape resource of the area, how to protect it is the initial
problem to treat Taihu Lake. The “controlling Taihu Lake in the west” of Master Plan
(2007-2020) refers to implement step control in the area west to Taihu Lake, north to
Wang Pavilion, south to Xukou, east to Yang Mountain and the east foot of Tianping
Mountain, protect the ecological resource and natural and human resources at the east
bank of Taihu Lake, strictly control the construction of urbanization in the western
area, use good land for excellent use, and make every effort to create Taihu Lake- the
green core of Yangtze River Delta, into world famous place for tourism and holidays.
(2) Environment and Health Plan for Urban Area and Central Urban City and
Municipal Infrastructure Plan (Part)
Forecast of domestic waste amount: the total amount of domestic waste in urban
area from 2005 to 2020 is about 16.44 million tons and the daily amount of domestic
waste in urban area is 3,500 tons by the end of the plan.
Disposal method of domestic waste: recently, sanitary landfill is dominated
(accounting for 60%), supplemented by incineration treatment (accounting for 40%);
for a long run, incineration treatment is dominated (accounting for 70%),
supplemented by landfill (accounting for 30%).
Site selection and construction of sanitation facilities: based on forecast, at the
end of planning period, the daily amount of domestic waste in urban area will reach
3,500 tons, and the total amount of domestic waste will exceed 16 million tons in the
next 15 years; however, the rest landfill capacity of Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site is
just about 2 million tons, and it is badly in need of new garbage disposal site. Since
the particularity of the construction of garbage disposal plant, there are many
influence factors for site selection, which need municipal government to define on the
basis of comprehensive consideration on various influence factors. As Qizishan
Refuse Landfill Site is used recently, the feasibility of expansion shall be considered;
enhancing the operation management of existing incineration plant, accelerate the
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construction of expansion project with the daily disposal capacity of 1,000 tons for
Qizishan Garbage Incineration Plant (see Figure 2.3-2 for the position).
(3) Environmental Protection Plan for Atmosphere and Surface Water
Atmospheric environment: optimize energy structure and promote the proportion
of gas and electrical energy in energy consumption; control the development of
industries, such as fire electricity and smelting with large emission of sulfur dioxide;
encourage the use of clean coal and enhance the management and supervision of
automotive emission; support municipal public transit; reduce the energy consumption
for industrial output value of every ten thousand yuan; improve energy utilization;
reinforce the construction of natural reserves and urban forest park and increase
regional greening rate.
Surface water environment: amplify the water quantity to supply Taihu Lake
Figure 2.3-2 Site Selection for Suzhou Garbage Disposal Plant
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from river and reduce the residence period of Taihu Lake and Suzhou water system;
adjust industrial structure and reduce the water consumption for output value of every
ten thousand yuan; improve the treatment rate of domestic sewage; implement
comprehensive improvement of agricultural area source; establish municipal
coordination system and reasonably plan, deploy and unified schedule industrial
distribution and industrial strength.
2.3.3 Environmental Protection Plan
It is required in the plan of solid waste disposal in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan
and Long-term Plan of Suzhou for Environmental Protection that “making overall
arrangement of and establish facilities for the collection, transportation and disposal
of urban and rural domestic waste, realize the classification of garbage collection,
obdurate transportation of garbage, harmless, reduction and resource recovery of
garbage. Promote the development of garbage collection and disposal industry,
gradually establish and perfect the social service system for environment prevention
and control of demotic garbage pollution. During the ‘Eleventh Five-Year Plan’ period,
the disposal of domestic waste will gradually develop from single method of sanitary
landfill to multiple methods of incineration, sanitary landfill and biochemical
treatment, and promote the level of domestic waste disposal and management”.
2.3.4 Professional Plan for Environment and Sanitation
The chapter of the selection of the disposal technology for domestic waste in
Suzhou Professional Plan for Environment and Sanitation (2006-2020) mentions that
“it is planned that recently, sanitary landfill is dominated, supplemented by
incineration treatment; for a long run, incineration treatment is dominated,
supplemented by landfill”, with the plan as follows:
“It is planned for Suzhou to apply relatively concentrated disposal plan and
establish Qizishan garbage comprehensive disposal base and industrial park domestic
waste incineration plant. Qizishan garbage comprehensive disposal base shall include
the following facilities:
SuNeng Incineration Plant with the scale of 2,000 t/d;
Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site with the capacity of 8 million m3;
Qizishan Safety Landfill Site with the capacity of 230,000 m3;
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Food Residue Disposal Plant with the scale of 250t/d;
Standby land for long term development.”
2.3.5 Relationship between This Project and Conservation Area in
Taihu Lake Basin
2.3.5.1 Relevant Provisions on Taihu Lake Water Pollution
Protection
Article 44 of Jiangsu Prevention and Control Regulations for Taihu Lake Water
Pollution (hereinafter referred to as regulations): “the regulations shall become
effective on October 1, 1996. The Taihu Lake Water Source Protection Regulations
formulated by the fourteenth conference of the fifth standing committee of provincial
people’s congress on May 30, 1982 shall be abrogated as of the same date.”
Article 2: “These regulations apply to the pollution prevention and control of
Taihu Lake body and surface waters, such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs and channels,
which have impact on the water quality of Taihu Lake in the Taihu Lake Basin of the
province (hereinafter referred to as Taihu Lake Basin).
Taihu Lake Basin is divided into three-grade reserves (see Figure 2.3-3), namely
the first grade reserve which refers to Taihu Lake body, area within 5km along the
lake bank, the area 10km up the rivers into the lake and the area within 1km at both
sides along banks; the second grade reserve which refers to the area 50km up the
rivers into the lake and the area within 1km at both sides along bank; and the third
grade reserve which refers to the other areas.”
The main 13 rivers into the lake include Wujin Port, Taige Canal, Caoqiao River,
Chendong Port, Hongxiang River, Dapu Port, Wuxi Port, Xiaoxi Port, Zhihu Port,
Dongtiao Creek, Changxing Port and Sanliqiao River.
Article 29: “The following behaviors are prohibited in the first grade reserve:
(1) Newly build or expand chemical pulping and paper making, chemical
industry, medicine, leatherworking, brewing, dyestuff, printing and dyeing and
electroplating that cause pollution to water environment, and other enterprises and
projects that discharge pollutant water with nitrogen or phosphorus;
(2) Directly discharge animal manure or dredged sediment from fish pond or
rivers into Taihu Lake or rivers into the lake;
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(3) Discharge or pour oil, acid liquor, alkali liquor, toxic waste residue and
liquor, radioactive residue and liquor, pathogen-contaminated sewage, industrial waste
residue, urban garbage or other wastes into Taihu Lake or rivers into the lake;
(4) Clean vehicles, ships or containers that which have been used for storing oil
or toxic pollutant in Taihu Lake or rivers into the lake;
(5) Set new sewage draining exit at the bank of Taihu Lake, or implement
aquaculture, such as enclosure, wire netting or pot, and fishing operations such as
mechanical screw sucking and trawl net;
(6) Engage in aquaculture or centralized model livestock and poultry raise,
tourism and other activities that may cause water pollution within 1km of centralized
model drinking water source;
(7) Engage in sabotage, such as destroying hill-stone, forest, vegetation cover or
aquatic organism.”
Article 30: “It is forbidden to newly build or expand chemical pulping and paper
making, chemical industry, medicine, leatherworking, brewing, dyestuff, printing and
dyeing or electroplating that cause pollution to water environment that fail to comply
with the requirements for environmental prevention and control, or other enterprises
and projects that discharge pollutant water with nitrogen or phosphorus”.
2.3.5.2 Relationship between This Project and Conservation Area in
Taihu Lake Basin
See Figure 2.3-3 for Taihu Lake Basin Reserve Map.
According to the regulations, the minimum linear distance between this project
and the east bank of Taihu Lake is about 7km, not belonging to the range of the
first-grade reserve of Taihu Lake Basin.
The water in-taking river of this project is Xujiang River, whose west end is
connected with Taihu Lake through Mudu ship lock and the east end is connected with
Jiangnan Canal, as the outlet channel of Taihu Lake. The discharged water of the
project is discharged into Jiangnan Canal after centralized processing in new district
sewage plant. According to the regulations, neither Xujiang River nor Jiangnan Canal
belongs to rivers into the lake. Therefore, the site of the project does not belong to the
range of second-grade reserve of Taihu Lake Basin.
Based on the above analysis, this project belongs to the third-grade reserve of
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Taihu Lake Basin.
2.3.6 Suzhou Everbright National Vein Industrial Park Plan and
Construction Status in the Area near the Site
2.3.6.1 Vein Industrial Park Planning Layout
According to the special conference summary of Suzhou municipal People’s
Government [2007] No. 71, affirmation is given to the feasibility of the environmental
protection and planning for the site selection and layout of Qizishan Refuse Landfill
Site, the change of domestic waste disposal method from single landfill to the
combination of garbage incineration power and landfill and the construction of
Everbright Environmental Protection Industrial Park. It is required to actively promote
the construction of environmental protection industrial park and implement the
construction of new socialist countryside from improving the level of urban domestic
waste disposal, developing recycling economy and sustainable development; make
Everbright Environmental Protection Industrial Park better and stronger, farsighted,
centered on the future trend of big downtown (seven districts), higher requirements is
put forward to the follow-up expansion for the domestic waste disposal of Everbright
Environmental Protection Industrial Park; enhance the administrative management of
the environment of enterprises around surrounding areas, regulate surrounding
environment, jointly guarantee the construction of first-class environmental protection
industrial park and ensure the environmental quality of surrounding areas.
Suzhou Everbright National Vein Industrial Park (the plan is not approved at
present) is planning to build an industrial park with producing area as the center,
research and development area as technical backstopping, management service area as
safeguard, education base for environmental protection as window. Among them, the
producing area is the core component of the park and its planning projects are as
follows:
Domestic waste resource utilization planning project, mainly includes
domestic waste Waste-to-Energy, domestic waste landfill site biogas power generation,
garbage percolate treatment and disposal, garbage incineration ash residue resource
utilization and waste heat comprehensive utilization.
Industrial hazardous waste treatment and disposal plant. The project is
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planning to build a solid (hazardous) wastes Landfill site, including the safety landfill
capacity of 330,000 m3, supporting waste pretreatment system, collection system,
storage system and public auxiliary engineering facilities.
Garbage sorting and pretreatment center. This project is to sort, recycle and
inspect the transported solid wastes in the area, to make the part that cannot be
utilized finally enter into incineration and landfill treatment, so as to improve the
utilization rate of resource and reduce the requirements of disposal costs and quantity
for land resource.
Ecological restoration center. Ecological restoration is implemented to
Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site and industrial waste safety landfill site to create
ecological park; soil remediation and restoration for military shooting gallery.
See Figure 2.3-4 for the schematic diagram of vein industrial park plan project
relationship. See Figure 2.3-5 for the schematic diagram of vein industrial park plan
project distribution.
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Figure 2.3-4 Schematic Diagram of Vein Industrial Park Plan Project Relationship
Garbage sorting and pretreatment center
Waste-to-Energy plant Percolate treatment and disposal center
Biogas Waste-to-Energy
Municipal Solid wastes
Recyclable
Comprehensive utilization
Waste heat
Building materials
Industrial hazardous waste treatment and disposal center
Biogas
Ash
resid
ue
Leachate
Ecological restoration center Production area
Research and development area
Management service area Publicity and education center
Core area
Radiation area
Garbage refuse landfill site Comprehensive
utilization
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2.3.6.2Status of Relevant Garbage Treatment and Disposal Project
near the Construction Project
At present, the projects that are located in Everbright Vein Industrial Park include
Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site, Everbright Environmental Protection Domestic Waste
Incineration Plant, and Everbright Environmental Protection Hazardous Waste
Landfill Site and Everbright Environmental Protection Biogas Power Generation
project. Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site belongs to urban council and others are
operated by Everbright Environmental Protection Investment and BOT.
. Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site
Built in 1993, with the designed service life of 15 years, Suzhou Qizishan Refuse
Landfill Site is among the first batch of domestic waste sanitary landfill sites built
according to Technical Code for Sanitary Landfill of Domestic Refuse (CJJ17-88)
issued by the Ministry of Construction in 1988. The landfill site belongs to typical
valley landfill site, applying vertical waterproof curtain, and it was awarded as sample
project of the construction of landfill site of the Ministry of Construction in 1990s.
Due to the rapid development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the
output quantity of domestic waste exceeds the predicted amount. Although Everbright
Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. had incinerated a part of
domestic waste after its putting into operation in the second half of 2006, the Phase
Project of Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site had been sealed at the end of 2007 ahead
of schedule.
The expansion engineering of Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site was started in 2006,
with the investment of RMB 339 million, construction capacity of 7.8 million m3,
daily treatment quantity of 1,600t and the service life of 16 years, mainly including
reconstruction of old site and construction of new site. The reconstruction of old site
mainly includes reconstruction of leachate layered drainage system, biogas layered
drainage system of old site and vertical waterproof curtain and build new closure
system; the new site include the expansion of garbage dam and access route, and
newly built horizontal impermeable system, leachate collection and guide system,
leachate regulating tank and treatment system, landfill gas collection pipe system (it
shall be sent to the biogas power generation plant that belongs to Everbright Group
after collection). For the expansion engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Environmental
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Science formulated environment impact report, which was replied by Environmental
Protection Department of Jiangsu Province on October 9, 2006. The expansion
engineering was started on April 28, 2007. At present, it has been completed and put
into operation.
Household garbage landfill site has its supporting leachate treatment plant, with
the designed treatment scale of 1,200t/d. At present, upgrading reconstruction is
implemented for it and the upgrading reconstruction engineering will apply MBR
(A/O/O + postpositive A/O nitrification denitrification + external UF (ultrafiltration))
treatment process, with the combination of two-level RO and two-level nanofiltration
as the treatment process of deep treatment technology. The tail water that reaches the
special discharge limit value for water pollutants stipulated in Table 3 of Standard for
Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for Domestic Waste (GB16889-2008) is
discharged into Xujiang River through Qinglong Creek in the area, and it is predicted
to be completed and put into operation in 2011.
. Hazardous Solid Waste Landfill Site
According to the overall planning for hazardous solid waste disposal facilities of
Jiangsu Province, Suzhou implements financing by BOT method and attracts
investors by franchise rights. Finally, Everbright Environmental Protection (Suzhou)
Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd. invests to build a hazardous solid waste landfill site
that covers the urban area (hereinafter referred to as Suzhou Hazardous Waste Landfill
Site). The project has listed in National Hazardous Waste and Medical Waste Disposal
Facility Construction Plan, replied by the State Council in 2004.
Hazardous solid waste landfill site serves for the urban area of Suzhou, with the
scale of the initial stage of 100,000 m3 and the investment of RMB 78 million. The
final scale is 600,000 m3 and the total investment is about RMB 253 million. The
environment assessment report of the project has been replied by Environmental
Protection Department of Jiangsu Province (Suzhou Environment Management [2006]
No.93); with incineration disposal residue involved in the disposal types of solid
waste (HW18). The initial engineering has been put into operation on July 4, 2007. At
present, Phase expansion engineering is prepared.
. Domestic Waste Waste-to-Energy Plant
The domestic waste Waste-to-Energy plant serves for the domestic waste yielded
in the urban area of Suzhou. The treatment scale of Phase engineering is to
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incinerate 1,050 ton domestic waste each day, and it was approved to formally change
into commercial operation on July 18, 2006. In October, 2007, Everbright
Environmental Protection began to construct Phase expansion engineering with
daily incineration capacity of 2,050 ton and to construct the supporting furnace clinker
comprehensive utilization project. The Phase engineering had been completed and
put into operation in 2009, and passed the acceptance of environmental protection in
April, 2010. According to environmental protection acceptance supervision and
supplementary supervision data, the concentration of discharged gas meets the
assessment standard and the concentration of discharged dioxins is 0.01 ~ 0.1TEQ
ng/Nm3, meeting European standard.
The domestic waste Waste-to-Energy plant has established the supporting
furnace clinker comprehensive utilization brick making project, leachate treatment
station project.
. Biogas Power Generation of Domestic Waste Landfill Site
Biogas power generation project use the landfill gas yielded in domestic waste
landfill site as secondary energy to generate power. The two 1,250kw internal
combustion generating sets were in incineration plant, sharing the lines to grid with
Waste-to-Energy plant, and they were put into commercial operation in August, 2006,
with the annual output electricity of about 18.7 million Kwh. A new 1,250kw
box-type internal combustion generating set was added in Phase project, and they
were put into commercial operation in June, 2008. The three sets of biogas power
generation project can generate about 28 million Kwh, reducing the discharge of
carbon dioxide gas by 110,000 tons.
2.3.7 New Plan for Xujiang River, Mudu Town, Wuzhong District,
Suzhou
Mudu Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou is planning to establish Xujiang city
along the Xujiang River, with the planning range stretch north to Sufu Road, south to
West Baodai Road, west to south Jinfeng Road, east to the boundary of town and
district, expect the built block, for instance, Kaima Square, and water area, with the
actual planning land area of 4.6km2. It is planned to build nine functional areas in
Xujiang urban area, including vigorous center zone, headquarters economic zone,
commercial cluster zone, garden creative zone, auto culture subject zone, livable
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communities, auto theme park zone, mountain leisure park zone and Binjiang leisure
zone, the last three ones of which is the regions dominated by open space. See Figure
2.3-6 for the land use map of this plan. The place where Everbright Environmental
Protection project lies belongs to the land for sanitation facilities.
At present, the plan is in public notification stage and its reply is not completed.
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3 Reviews on Existing projects
3.1 Overview of Existing Projects
From May, 2002 to December, 2003, related government department of Suzhou
Municipality declared and completed the environmental impact assessment work of
3×350t/d Domestic Waste Waste-to-Energy Project of Suzhou SuNeng
Waste-to-Energy Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Phase Project), planning to
build a garbage incineration power plant with a daily treatment capacity of 1,000t
domestic waste at the reserved land in Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site. The
environment impact assessment of this project was conducted by State Power
Environmental Protection Research Institute, and in December, 2003, Jiangsu
Environmental Protection Department has given a written reply in the form of Suzhou
Environmental Management [2003] No. 229. In 2004, China Everbright International
Ltd. was introduced by government through investment invitation of BOT pattern, and
Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. was established to
take charge of the construction of Phase Project and the operation management for
the first 25 years, and enterprise name was changed according to Regulations of the
People's Republic of China on Administration of Registration of Companies.
According to Suzhou Environment Acceptance (2007) No. 380, Phase Project has
passed the final environment protection acceptance conducted by Jiangsu
Environmental Protection Department. With the continuous increase of domestic
waste in Suzhou City, Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.
had invested RMB 0.45 billion to construct Phase Project expansion project of
“2×500t/d garbage furnace + 20MW turbo generator set” (hereinafter referred to as
Phase Project) in October, 2007. This expansion project will have a support
project for the comprehensive utilization of slag so as to use the resources more
effectively. The environment impact assessment of this project was conducted by
China Bluestar Lehigh Engineering Corporation, and the environment protection
department made a written reply in the form of Environment Audit [2008] No. 25 in
March, 2008. Phase Project was put into operation in 2009 and had passed the
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final environment protection acceptance conducted by environment protection
department in the form of Environment Acceptance [2010] No. 84. Everbright started
to construct leachate treatment plant to avoid having environmental risk when
transporting leachate and to reduce potential environmental impact in 2010. This
project had a written reply from Suzhou Municipal Environment Protection Bureau.
Table 3.1-1 shows the existing projects and the performance investigation of
environment protection formalities.
Table 3.1-1 Summary of Environment Protection Formalities Performance
of Existing Projects
No. Project Reference No. Acceptance No. Acceptance content
1
Domestic waste
incinerating project
with an incineration
capacity of 3×350t/d
Phase Project
Suzhou Environment
Management [2003]
No. 229
Suzhou
Environment
Acceptance
(2007) No. 380
3×350t/d mechanical
grate furnace
+2×12MW generator
2
2×500t/d garbage
incinerator +20MW
turbo generator set,
supporting project of
comprehensive
utilization of slag
Phase Project
Environment Audit
[2008] No. 25
Environment
Acceptance
[2010] No. 84
2×500t/d mechanical
grate furnace
+1×20MW generator, a
product line with an
annual production
capacity of 100,000 m3
ash building blocks
3 Leachate treatment
project of waste
Suzhou Environment
Construction
[2011]No. 186
/
Daily treatment
capacity of 1,000t
leachate
Table 3.1-1 shows floor plans of existing projects site.
The current situation of main works and public auxiliary works of existing
projects is shown in table 3.1-2.
Table 3.1-2 Current Situation of Main Works and Public Auxiliary Works of Existing
Projects
Name Major equipment and
facilities Design capacity
Actual output in
2010 Remarks
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Main works Incineration
system
Furnace 3×350t/d+2×500t/d 3×350t/d+2×500t/d Reciprocating grate furnace
Exhaust-heat
boiler 3×26.7t/h+2×42.3t/h 3×26.7t/h+2×42.3t/h
Turbo
generator sets 2×9MW+1×20MW 2×9MW+1×20MW
Actual energy output in 2010
is 28,102.45KWh
garbage
storehouse 16,000m
3+15,000m
3 16,000m
3+15,000m
3
Supporting
project
Slag comprehensive
utilization system
With annual
production capacity
of 100,000 m3
building blocks
With annual
production capacity
of 40,000~50,000
m3
building blocks
Two product lines(six Units),
with designed daily production
capacity of 200,000 standard
bricks
Leachate treatment plant
With a daily
treatment capacity
of 1,000t leachate
With a daily
treatment capacity
of 509t
Public
auxiliary
works
Water
supply
Process water 6,000m3/d 2,400~2,960m
3/d Xujiang river
Domestic
water — 2,100t/a Municipal pipe network
Chemical water treatment
station 2×20t/h 2×20t/h
Force air cooling tower 6,800m3/h+
7,000m3/h
6,800m3/h+
7,000m3/h
Air compressor 5×24m3/min 5×24m
3/min
Environment
protection
project
Waste gas
Garbage storehouse is wholly enclosed and runs under micro-negative
pressure; using “SCR denitration+semi-dry process deacidification+active
carbon adsorption+bag filter” to remove dusts in the incineration flue gas;
denitration efficiency≥70%,desulfurization efficiency≥80%, HC1removal
efficiency≥97%, dust removal efficiency≥99.9%, discharge fume from 80m chimney
Waste water
Production waste drainage shall be put into cyclic utilization rather than
outward discharge; domestic sewage enters into sewage plant in new district
after being treated in septic tank; little leachate shall be injected back into
incinerators, the rest enters into sewage plant in new district after processed
by supporting leachate treatment station, and the design treatment capacity
of the leachate treatment station is 1,000t/d
Solid wastes
Construct support slag comprehensive utilization project in Phase Project ,
make bricks by comprehensive utilization of slag, with a designed annual
production capacity of 100,000 m3 bricks; fly ash should be transported to
hazardous waste landfill solidification for safe landfill
Noise Decrease window area of plant, equip with sound proof cover and muffler,
set up sound insulation watch room, reduce the noise by greening
3.2 Overview of Technological Process
3.2.1 Existing Garbage Incineration System
Both Phase Project and Phase Project use Kepple Seghers’ grate furnace,
with the same technological processes of garbage incineration and generating
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electricity as shown in Table 3.2-1.
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26
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12 13
14
15
16
17 18
20
21
22 23
19
24
Slag Furnace
Leachate Fly ash
Flue gas
emission
Exist in design but not
put it in hazardous waste
Everbright Environme
Protection (Suzhou) haz
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Table 3.2-1 Sketch Map of Technological Processes and Pollution Production Link Of Phase Project and Phase Project
Label declaration
(1) Tipping stage
(2) Garbage dump pit
(3) Crane operating room
(4) Crane, grab bucket
(5) Feed hopper
(6) Feed thruster
(7) Primary air fan
(8) Incineration grates
(9) Secondary air fan
(10) Exhaust-heat boiler
(11) Desulfurization and deacidification by
calcium spurt
(12) Lime cream tank
(13) Active carbon storage bin
(14) Bag-type dust collector
(15) Induced draft fan
(16) Calandria chimney
(17) Steam turbine
(18) Generator
(19) Slag salving machine
(20) Slag storehouse
(21 Leachate collecting bin
(22) Exhaust-heat boiler clinker
(23) Flyash bin
(24) Flyash solidification workshop
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(1) Garbage truck enters into discharging hall of garbage storehouse and
discharge the domestic waste into the storehouse through discharge door. Discharge
door is equipped with electro-mechanical device to prevent odor from garbage
storehouse over spilling. A suction opening for primary air fan is set at the side face of
garbage storehouse to keep negative pressure in garbage storehouse and avoid having
accumulation of odor and methane gas; the air in the storehouse is extracted by
primary air fan and used as combustion-supporting air of incinerator.
Garbage storehouse is designed to hold domestic waste which can be incinerated
for 5~7 days, the domestic waste discharged in garbage storehouse should be
fermentated by stacking, to lead out the leachate and make sure that the garbage
storehouse can accept garbage normally when equipment are broken or overhauled. In
order to make sure that the components of garbage in incinerators are
well-proportioned and can combust steadily, the storehouse has been equipped with
jaw clamshell crane to feed garbage to incinerator and mix, cast, convey and agitate
garbage. The operation of crane is remotely controlled by control room which is
thoroughly isolated from garbage storehouse and has such functions as weighing,
Discharging hall
Isolated visual working chamber
in garbage storehouse 1 Feed to
incinerator
Isolated visual working chamber
in garbage storehouse 2
Garbage grip travelling crane
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overload protection, anti-swing, tripping, anti-collision.
The crane puts garbage into hopper, and then garbage enter into incinerator for
burning through supply pipe and hydraulic handspike.
(2) The heat energy produced from the garbage combustion in incinerators can
generate vapor while passing through exhaust-heat boiler and then vapor is conversed
into electrical energy through turbo generator set. The slag and clinker respectively
derived from incinerator and exhaust-heat boiler can be made into bricks in the
supporting comprehensive utilization brick field.
(3) The garbage incineration flue gas is treated by adopting group technology of
SNCR denitration, semi-dry process (lime cream neutralization reaction tower), active
carbon injection device and bag type dust collector, with the following features: high
operating flexibility, high efficiency of removing harmful substances, less reactant
consumption, not generating high-concentration chloride wastewater, low emission
concentration of heavy metal and dioxin-like compounds, being easy to control and
low composite cost.
This system adopts SNCR denitration to make removal efficiency of nitrogen
oxides ≥ 50%; adopts 90 percent CaO which shall be grinded to 325 meshes through
grinding machine, mixed into 12~15% lime cream, and deacidificated in absorbing
tower (desulfurization efficiency ≥ 80%, antichloration efficiency ≥ 95%). After flue
Rotator spray lime
cream deacidification
tower
Slag exit
Active carbon feeder
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gas gets out of the tower (around 150℃), the dusts, heavy metal and dioxins shall be
removed by using active carbon and dust collector (collection efficiency ≥ 99.8%).
After calcium slag from deacidification tower and fly ash from bag type collector
were preprocessed, they will be put into bag and send to Suzhou hazardous wastes
landfill for safe disposal.
3.2.2 Existing Slag Comprehensive Utilization System
The slag comprehensive utilization project which has been co-constructed by
Everbright Environmental Energy(Suzhou) Co., Ltd. and Shenzhen Hua Hongqin
Environment-Friendly Building Material Development Co. Ltd is the supporting
project of Phase expansion project to incinerate garbage and generate energy. It
takes advantage of slag from Phase Project and Phase Project , with an
annual production capacity of 100,000 m3 clinker blocks, and it has produced 30
million perforated bricks and solid bricks (around 45,000 m3) in 2010. The
technological process of slag utilization plan is shown in Fig. 3.2-2.
Fig.3.2-2 Technological Process of Slag Comprehensive Utilization
3.3 Raw and Auxiliary Materials Consumption
3.3.1 The Source and Dosage of Fuel
The fuels of Phase Project and Phase Project includes domestic waste and
light diesel.
1 the source of domestic waste
Clinker
storage
yard Sorting
and
breaking
Incineration
garbage
storehouse
Slag from
incineration
plant
Uncombusted material
Twin-shaft
mixer
Recycle bin
Storehouse
Storage
yard
Concrete
Composite additive
Sandstone
Jolt-moulding
machine
Storage
yard
maintain
User Sale
Metal recovery
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According to the BOT agreement between our company and Suzhou Bureau of
Municipal Public Utilities, the domestic waste used for Phase Project and Phase
Project should be transported from specified refuse transfer stations to discharging
hall by enclosed transporters and breech loading enclosed transporters provided by
Division of Environment Sanitation Management of Suzhou Bureau of Municipal
Public Utilities (now named Suzhou Environment Sanitation Division) and then
unloaded into garbage storehouse. Suzhou Environment Sanitation Division takes
charge of the transportation of domestic waste. At present, those garbage used for
incineration come from the following several refuse transfer stations in Fig. 3.3-1. The
existing transit routes are: (1) East Taihu Rd- West Taihu Rd-West Baodai Rd-our
plant; (2) Changjiang Rd- West Baodai Rd- our plant; (3) S230-West Baodai Rd- our
plant, most of transit routes are arterial road and there are no any aquatic environment
sensitive targets like water-source protective zone and water catchment along those
routes, without going through concentrated residential area.
According to the requirements of Standard for Pollution Control on the Domestic
Waste Incineration (GB18485-2001), the project only accepts domestic waste from
Suzhou Municipality rather than hazardous wastes.
2 Incineration amount of garbage
According to the weighing statistical data of accepted domestic waste, the
capacity of Phase Project and Phase Project is 941,200 t (in table 3.3-1); Annual
operating time is more than 8,000 h. The average accepted garbage amount has been
up to 2,580 t/d. After high moisture content of 20.08% being removed (discharge
leachate by stacking them in garbage storehouse), the average amount in the
incinerators has been up to 2,090 t/d, higher than the designed operating load.
Table 3.3-1 Statistics of Disposing Amount of Domestic Waste In 2010
Period
Amount of
entering plant
garbage(t)
Amount of
disposing
garbage(t)
Discharge amount
of leachate(t)
Concentration of
leachate (%)
Jan~Dec,2010 941,154 752,152 189,002 20.08
Daily average 2,580 2,055 525 20.08
3 Garbage composition analysis
A. Current situation of garbage composition
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According to the analysis report of Suzhou garbage heat value presented by
Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou)Co., Ltd. to GuangZhou
Institute Of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Jun 2006, the heat
value, component, technical analysis and elemental analysis of existing domestic
waste for incineration are shown in Table 3.3-2 ~ table 3.3-6.
Table 3.3-2 Heat Value Analysis of Existing Domestic Waste for
Incineration
Project
Content of
combustible
constituent in dry
basis (%)
Higher calorific
value of
combustible
constituent in dry
basis (kJ/kg)
Lower calorific
value of
combustible
constituent in dry
basis (kJ/kg)
Lower calorific
value of garbage
entering furnace
(kJ/kg)
Value 64.25 22,182.8 20,711.3 5,415.7
Table 3.3-3 Component Analysis of Existing Domestic Waste for Incineration
Component
Organic matter Inorganic matter
Others Animals
and
plants
Paper Plastic Metal Glass
Sand
and
soil
Component of dry
basis 20.97% 6.60% 28.23% 1.56% 10.92% 23.26% 8.46%
Component of raw
refuse 36.72% 7.03% 24.22% 0.78% 5.47% 17.97% 7.81%
Table 3.3-4 Technical Analysis of Existing Domestic Waste for Technical
Incineration
Technological analysis Volatile matter Fixed carbon Ash contents Moisture
Technological analysis
of combustible in dry
basis
74.88% 8.07% 17.05% 0.00%
Technological analysis
of garbage dry basis 48.11% 5.19% 46.70% 0.00%
Technological analysis
of raw garbage 15.48% 1.67% 32.93% 49.93%
Table 3.3-5 Elemental Analysis of Existing Domestic Waste for Incineration
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Elemental analysis C % H % N % S % O %
Elemental analysis of
combustible in dry
basis
50.73 6.54 3.06 0.39 22.23
Elemental analysis of
garbage dry basis 32.60 4.20 1.97 0.25 14.28
Elemental analysis of
raw garbage 16.32 2.10 0.98 0.13 7.15
4 The source and dosage of auxiliary fuel
According to existing operating statistics, owing to such operations as moving,
mixing, stacking and feeding, after 5~7 days’ storage and fermentation in garbage
storehouse, the range of garbage heat value in incinerators is nearly steady, which is
the prerequisite of combustion condition stabilization within incinerators, so, no more
auxiliary fuel is needed during operation.
Auxiliary fuel is needed only when starting the incinerators of Phase Project
and Phase Project , the fuel helps incinerators reach burning temperature. Auxiliary
fuel is light diesel, transported by supplier to tank farm within plant by tank truck and
then put into oil fuel tank with vehicle-mounted oil pump. Oil feed pump in oil pump
room nearby oil fuel tank can supply diesel to incineration room if diesel is needed.
Every incinerator can consume 3~5t diesel at each cold boot while 1~2t at warm boot,
a 20 m3 oil fuel tank is set in oil fuel tank area and there is a fire prevention cofferdam
being separated from plant side.
Auxiliary fuel--0#
light diesel can be purchased from market and Table 3.3-6
shows main quality control indexes.
Table 3.3-6 Main Quality Indexes of 0#
Light Diesel
Main quality indexes consistency g/cm3
LHV MJ/kg S %
Targeted value
(qualified products) 0.8293 20℃ 42.9 ≤1.0
3.3.2 Other Auxiliary Materials Consumption
The 12-15% Ca (OH) 2 slurry mixed from CaO during the garbage combustion
can be used for gas deacidification and active carbon shall be used to remove organic
pollutants such as heavy metal ion/particle and dioxin-like compounds. According to
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the production statistics in 2010, the consumption of lime and active carbon are
9,310t/a and 294.08t/a respectively.
The garbage consumption is 1.5kg/t for 20% ammonia water for SNCR
denitration and 1,044t/a ammonia water was consumed in 2010 according to statistics.
3.4 Water Supply, Drainage and Water Balance of Existing
Projects
The process water of existing projects is taken from Xujiang River and domestic
water comes from municipal supply net.
3.4.1 Water Supply
There is a water intake pumping station equipped with two water intake lift
pumps, two integration water purification units and a fresh water storage tank on the
south bank of Xujiang River. Each water purifier has a designed water purification
capacity of 150 m3/h, but in order to ensure water quality during actual operation, the
water purification capacity of each water purifier can only be maintained at about 100
m3/h. Supply water to plant uses DN350 carbon steel pipes.
In 2010, Phase Project and Phase Project consumed 2,700~2,960 m3/d
(around 123m3/h) water in summer and 2,500~2,600 m
3/d(around 108 m
3/h) in winter.
So, water purification station of existing projects still has residual deliverability
of 80 m3/h (1,920 m
3/d).
3.4.2 Drainage
A small part of leachate in Phase Project and Phase Project can be injected
back into incinerators and surplus enter into sewage plant in new district for
centralized treatment after being pre-processed by supporting leachate treatment
station during actual process; Domestic sewage enters into effluent treatment plant in
new district for centralized treatment through municipal waste pipe net; the water
drained from cooling tower shall be used for cooling slag dragging machine, no other
kinds of waste water need to be discharged.
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3.4.3 Water Balance
According to the statistical average data of existing projects at Phase Project
and Phase Project, Fig. 3.4-1 shows water balance of existing projects. Backwash
water from water pumps, catch water and film system is mainly offered to leachate
pretreatment station.
Fig. 3.4-1 Water Balance Diagram of Existing Projects (Unit: T/D)
Xu Jiang River
2,960
2,390 Cooling
8,200 t/h
12~15%lime furnish preparation
Loss 2,065
10 Taking away slag
Greening, road sprinkler
Loss 35
Loss 240
Chemical water treatment 255
Rinsetereace and vehicle 94
Boiler circuit
Leachate equalization
pond
126
Cool and flushing cinder of dragveyer
Loss 315
200 t/h
Leachate in garbage 512
240
Loss
80 Back-ejecta
Loss 41.5 Tap water
156.5
Leachate treatment
station
28
Loss 7
75 (Reverse osmosis rinsing
water)
Incinerator
684
Tap water
Enter into
effluent processing
plant in new
developed area for
centralized
processing after
processed by
municipal waste pipe
net
80 (Reverse osmosis rinsing
water)
35
Loss 25
Water used for blending in brick 41.5
161 35
606
526
656
325
Municipal Solid Waste Waste-to-Energy Project Phase III Expansion, Everbright Environmental Energy (Suzhou) Limited
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3.5 Discharge Conditions of Main Pollutants
Analyze pollutants discharge condition of existing projects in line with
acceptance data of Phase Project in 2009 and routine monitor data after stable
operation of existing sanitary installation of Phase Project and Phase Project in
Oct, 2010.
3.5.1 Atmospheric Pollutants Discharge Conditions
1 Controlled waste gas
Existing projects use the methods of SNCR denitration + semi-dry process
deacidification + active carbon adsorption + bag type dust exhaust system to treat
incineration flue gas. The acceptance and monitoring time of incineration flue gas
from Phase Project is from 9th
Jul to 10th
Jul in 2009, three times per day, and the
data area is shown in Table 3.5-1.
Table 3.5-1 Acceptance and Monitoring Data of Atmospheric Pollutants
from Phase Project
Product
line
Pollutants
Effluent
concentration
standard
mg/m3
Phase Project
4# incinerator 5# incinerator
Effluent
concentration
mg/m3
Emission
rate kg/h
Effluent
concentration
mg/m3
Emission
rate kg/h
Dust <30 16.1~20.0 1.08~1.59 15.5~18.6 1.48~1.64
SO2 <260 6~11 0.76~1.43 6~12 0.81~1.54
NOX <400 167~175 21.8~24.6 166~185 20.5~22.9
HCl <50 5.1L~8.95 ~1.21 4.0L~7.99 ~0.972
fluorid <2.0 0.25~0.46 0.022~0.041 0.26~2.42 0.024~0.209
CO <100 30~35 3.88~4.82 38~47 4.7~5.6
Pb <1.6 0.011~0.111 0.002~0.015 0.001L~0.098 ~0.012
Hg <0.1 0.003L / 0.003L /
Cd <0.1 0.0001L~0.0061 ~0.00083 0.0001L~0.0017 ~0.0006
Blackness
of flue gas <1 level <1 level <1 level
Routine monitor data after stable operation of existing sanitary installation of
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Phase Project and Phase Project in Oct, 2010 is shown in Table 3.5-2.
Table 3.5-2 Monitoring Concentration Table of Atmospheric Pollutants from
Existing Projects (26th
~28th
, Oct) Unit: mg/m3
Product
line
Pollutant
Discharge
standard
Phase Project Phase Project
1#incinerator 2#incinerator 3#incinerator 4#incinerator 5#incinerator
Product
concentration
Dust 1270 1300 1390 1440 1490
SO2 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L
NOX 143 178 176 140 186
HCl 172 245 195 245 2080
fluoride 0.305 0.456 0.607 1.32 0.294
CO 20.4 18.6 20.6 22 21.8
Pb 0.125 0.342 0.045 1.94 0.049
Hg 0.000376 0.000428 0.000401 0.000217 0.000081
Cd 0.03 0.068 0.044 0.138 0.049
Effluent
concentration
Dust <30 4.18 4.21 4.37 4.48 4.39
SO2 <260 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L
NOX <400 123 164 159 113 166
HCl <50 1.78 11.4 3.06 37.2 2.86
Fluoride <2.0 0.023 0.032 0.016 0.048 0.024
CO <100 20.2 17.6 19.8 21.2 20.8
Pb <1.6 0.003L 0.002 0.005 0.007 0.003
Hg <0.1 7.58×10-5
L 7.58×10-5
L 7.58×10-5
L 7.58×10-5
L 7.58×10-5
L
Cd <0.1 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L
Blackness
of Flue
gas
<1 0 0 0 0 0
Continued Table 3.5-2 Monitoring Concentration Table of Atmospheric
Pollutants from Existing Projects (29th
~30th
, Oct) Unit: mg/m3
Product
line
Pollutant
Discharge
standard
Phase Project Phase Project
1#incinerator 2#incinerator 3#incinerator 4#incinerator 5#incinerator
Product
concentration
Dust 1300 1390 1350 1460 1430
SO2 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L
NOX 132 174 161 152 183
HCl 154 246 79.1 304 2210
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Fluoride 0.352 0.597 0.401 1.23 0.841
CO 20.4 22.4 21.1 20.6 20.0
Pb 0.006 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.727
Hg 0.000102 0.000107 7.58×10-5
L 0.000128 7.58×10-5
L
Cd 0.003 0.006 0.006 0.005 0.050
Effluent
concentration
Dust <30 4.23 4.07 4.39 4.32 4.16
SO2 <260 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L 0.015L
NOX <400 119 169 155 135 176
HCl <50 11.4 30.7 2.37 1.74 1.53
Fluoride <2.0 0.026 0.015 0.029 0.018 0.122
CO <100 19.6 21.6 20.3 19.6 19.7
Pb <1.6 0.003 0.003L 0.003L 0.003L 0.003L
Hg <0.1 7.58×10-5
L 7.58×10-5
L 7.58×10-5
L 7.58×10-5
L 7.58×10-5
L
Cd <0.1 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L 0.0004L
Blackness
of
exhaustion
<1 0 0 0 0 0
In accordance with acceptance data and supplementary monitor date of Phase
Project, acceptance data of Phase Project and the sampling analysis conducted by
Center for Environmental Quality Test, Tsinghua University in 2010, the monitoring
date of effluent concentration of dioxin-like compounds is shown in Table 3.5-3.
Table 3.5-3 Effluent Concentration Table of Dioxin-Like Compounds from
Existing Projects Unit: TEQng/m3
Product line
Monitoring time
Phase Project Phase Project
1#incinerator 2#incinerator 3#incinerator 4#incinerator 5#incinerator
Acceptance of
Phase Project in
2006
<0.020 / /
Supplementary
monitor in 2007 0.052
Acceptance of
Phase Project
in 2009
0.068 0.066
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Routine monitor in
2010 0.017 0.0071 0.014 0.0079 0.0067
In accordance with acceptance and monitor report of Phase Project, the
discharge of atmospheric pollutants from existing projects is shown in Table3.5-4.
Table 3.5-4 Discharge Amounts of Atmospheric Pollutants
Category Name
Amount ratified in
environment impact
assessment (t/a)
Acceptance and
monitoring discharge
amount (t/a)
Waste gas
Dust 48.21 38.08
SO2 247 18.17
NOx 694.1 362.3
HCl 19.29 10.91
Dioxin 0.3855g TEQ 0.19g
2 Discharge condition of fugitive gas
The factory boundary in organizing monitoring results of acceptance of Phase
Project from 9th
to 10th
July., 2009 are shown in Table 3.5-5. Since 30%
transporters in Suzhou are unclosed transporter, those leachate dropped to roads
before transporters enter into plant and then are vaporized into air, as a result, the odor
concentration level at factory boundary exceeds standards. By enhancing the
frequency of watering and cleaning in roads and full implementation of garbage
compression and sealing transportation, the odor concentration level at factory
boundary came up to the standards during 10th
~11th
Sep. in 2009 when repetition
measurement was carried out.
Table 3.5-5 Factory Boundary Concentration of Gas from Fugitive Source in
the Acceptance Monitoring of Phase Project
Pollutant
Monitoring
site
Particulate
matter
(mg/m3)
Ammonia
(mg/m3)
Sulfureted
hydrogen
(mg/m3)
Odor concentration
(dimensionless)
9th~10th
, Jul 10th
~11th
,Oct
Up wind 0.28~0.36 0.08~0.24 0.001L~0.004 <10~32 <10
Down wind 1 0.49~0.57 0.07~0.16 0.001L~0.006 <10~52 <10
Down wind 2 0.47~0.55 0.08~0.33 0.001L~0.006 <10~34 <10
Down wind 3 0.47~0.55 0.07~0.25 0.001L~0.005 <10~44 <10~18
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Evaluation criterion 1.0 1.5 0.06 20
In accordance with routine monitor data at factory boundary during 26th
~27th
Oct. 2010, the discharge condition of gas from fugitive sources is shown in Table
3.5-6. Each kind of gases from fugitive sources at factory boundary has come up to
the standards.
Table 3.5-6 Monitoring Condition of Factory Boundary Concentration of
Gas from Fugitive Source
Pollutant
Monitoring
Point
Particulate
matter
(mg/m3)
Ammonia
(mg/m3)
Sulfureted
hydrogen
(mg/m3)
Odor
(dimensionless)
Up wind(G1) 0.05~0.08 0.072~0.078 0.0214~0.021 7~10
Down wind 1(G2) 0.087~0.117 0.144~0.231 0.03~0.033 13
Down wind 2 (G3) 0.113~0.147 0.09~0.306 0.023~0.036 7~10
Down wind 3(G4) 0.07~0.087 0.134~0.257 0.036~0.044 8~14
Evaluation criterion 1.0 1.5 0.06 20
The fugitive discharge monitoring points at factory boundary are shown in Fig.
3.1-1.
3.5.2 Discharge Condition of Aquatic Pollutants
During acceptance monitoring period of Phase Project, there was a small
part of leachate back-ejecta and the surplus was transported into effluent treatment
plant in new developed area by connecting-pipe after processed by leachate treatment
station in Qizishan Mountain domestic waste landfill. Domestic sewage has been
transported to effluent treatment plant in new developed area by connecting-pipe after
processed in cesspool. The drainage cooling system has been comprehensively used
for cooling slag dragging machine and flushing cinder, no waste water drained
outward. The drainage from boiler system has been comprehensively used for
greening, street watering after simple neutralized and no waste water drained outward.
The drainage from chemical water treatment station has been comprehensively used
for wash water of tipping stage and cool slag dragging machine, no waste water
drained outward. The outlet concentration of leachate tank and domestic sewage
Municipal Solid Waste Waste-to-Energy Project Phase III Expansion, Everbright Environmental Energy (Suzhou) Limited
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during 9th
~10th
Jul. 2009 are shown in table 3.5-7. The concentration of ammonia
nitrogen in domestic sewage is higher than connecting-pipe standards in a certain
range, but has come up to the standards in repetition measurement during 9th
~10th
Sep.
Table3.5-7 Acceptance Monitoring Condition of the Concentration of Waste
Water Pollutants
Pollutant Unit Leachate tanker
outlet
Domestic
sewage outlet
Connecting-pipe
standard of sewage
plant in new district
pH dimensionless 7.29~7.78 7.1~7.46 6~9
Ammonia nitrogen mg/L 1430~1520 24.0~36.6/
1.62~16.5 35.0
Total phosphorus mg/L 79~212 3.1~3.71 8.0
Suspended substance mg/L 2280~2360 50~90 400
COD mg/L 42100~47400 319~385/
55.8~187 500
BOD mg/L 2420~3050 154~188 300
Petroleum mg/L 1.57~6.25 20
Total mercury mg/L 0.00099~0.00146 0.05
Total chromium mg/L 0.237~0.346 1.5
Hexavalent chrome mg/L 0.092~0.103 0.5
Total arsenic mg/L 0.034~0.0474 0.5
Total plumbum mg/L 0.12~0.14 1.0
Total cadmium mg/L 0.002~0.004 0.1
Animal and
vegetable oils mg/L 8.65~11.6 100
LAS mg/L 1.84~3.5 20
Note: data of ammonia nitrogen and COD in domestic sewage were monitored for
two times: first/repetition monitoring.
The supporting leachate processing plant of existing projects in Everbright
factory was started in Jul. 2009, completed and begun debugging in May 2010 and put
into operation in Sep. 2010. A little leachate of existing projects had backed into
furnace and the amount of back-ejecta is around 80t/d according to operation data in
2010; the surplus along with domestic sewage was transported into sewage plant in
Municipal Solid Waste Waste-to-Energy Project Phase III Expansion, Everbright Environmental Energy (Suzhou) Limited
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new district by connecting-pipe after processed by matching leachate pre-treatment
station. The routine monitoring data of environmental protection facilities of Phase
Project and Phase project after stable operation is shown in Table 3.5-8.
Table 3.5-8 Routine Monitoring Condition of Concentration of Waste Water
Pollutants
Pollutant Unit Leachate process station Domestic
sewage outlet
Standard
value inlet outlet
Ammonia nitrogen mg/L 1010 5.40 8.89 35.0
Total phosphorus mg/L 48.5 6.87 2.61 8.0
Suspended
substance mg/L 1800 18.0 132 400
COD mg/L 26000 118 98.3 500
BOD mg/L 9000 38.6 26.5 300
Petroleum mg/L 6.13 0.963 20
Total mercury mg/L 0.02L 0.02L 0.05
Total chromium mg/L 0.789 0.004 1.5
Hexavalent chrome mg/L 0.012L 0.012L 0.5
Total arsenic mg/L 0.03L 0.03L 0.5
Total plumbum mg/L 1.69 0.03L 1.0
Total cadmium mg/L 0.045 0.003L 0.1
Animal and
vegetable oils mg/L 1.57 100
LAS mg/L 0.342 20
In accordance with acceptance monitoring report, the discharge condition of
aquatic pollutants in existing projects is shown in Table 3.5-9.
Table 3.5-9 Discharge Amounts of Aquatic Pollutants
Category Name
Amount ratified by
environment impact
assessment(t/a)
Acceptance and
monitoring discharge
amount(t/a)
Waste water
(amount of waste water
connecting-pipe)
Amount of
waste water 104590 85500
COD 89.96 34.16
SS 37.17 4.41
NH3-N 3.5 2.38
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3.5.3 Noise Emission Condition
The monitoring results of noise at factory boundary during Phase Project
acceptance in 9th
~10th
Jul. 2009 is shown in Table 3.5-10. Because of the influence of
cooling tower and fan, there are two monitoring points exceeded in day-time and four
monitoring points exceeded in night-time. But there are no noise-sensitive points
within 400 meters out of plant, and no residents can be disturbed.
Table 3.5-10 Acceptance Monitoring Results of Noise at Factory Boundary
Unit: Db A
Monitoring
site Monitoring point location
Day-time Night-time
9th,Jul 10th,Jul 9th,Jul 10th,Jul
N1
Northwest of factory
boundary 74.9 74.2 71.6 71.5
N2 North of factory boundary 74.5 74.2 73.2 73.0
N3
Northeast of factory
boundary 58.6 58.1 54.2 54.4
N4 East of factory boundary 51.2 50.8 48.9 49.2
N5
Northeast of factory
boundary 50.4 50.1 47.1 47.5
N6 North of factory boundary 55.9 54.7 53.4 52.8
N7
Northwest of factory
boundary 61.7 61.2 59.5 58.4
N8 West of factory boundary 60.5 60.9 57.4 58.0
Standards 65 55
Under failure free operation condition of our factory on 28th
Oct. 2010, the
monitoring data of noise around all factory boundary showed that noise at factory
boundary both in day-time and night-time had came up to the requirements of three
classes standards of the Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at
Boundary (GB12348-2008).
Table3.5-11 Routine Monitoring Data of Noise at Factory Boundary
Unit: Db (A)
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Monitoring site Monitoring point
location Day-time Night-time
N1
Southwest of factory
boundary 59.7 53.3
N2
West of factory
boundary 60.6 54.1
N3
Northwest of factory
boundary 63.8 54.6
N4
North of factory
boundary 54.5 49.8
N5
Northeast of factory
boundary 58.4 53.5
N6
East of factory
boundary 60.9 54.4
N7
Southeast of factory
boundary 64.5 53.6
N8
South of factory
boundary 60.8 53.1
Standards 65 55
Table 3.1-1 shows positions of acceptance monitoring points and routine
monitoring points of noise at factory boundary.
It is reported that leachate treatment station had not been completed when being
checked and accepted, so noise monitoring points of west of factory boundary have
located nearby cooling tower, as a result, the acceptance results exceeded standards.
The location of factory boundary noise monitoring points when routine monitoring is
different from the location when acceptance monitoring, leachate treatment station
can decrease the noise of cooling tower.
3.5.4 Discharge Condition of Solid Pollutants
Solid wastes include slag, fly ash and in plant domestic waste. In line with
requirements of environment impact assessment and Standard for Pollution Control
on the Domestic Waste Incineration GB18485-2001, the way to deal with slag of
existing projects is to make bricks by comprehensive utilization in matching brick
yard; fly ash and active carbon should be processed safely in Suzhou Dangerous and
Waste Landfill; the collected inplant domestic waste should be processed by garbage
Municipal Solid Waste Waste-to-Energy Project Phase III Expansion, Everbright Environmental Energy (Suzhou) Limited
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incineration line directly.
In accordance with monitoring data, the loss on ignition of slag incineration
during Phase Project acceptance in 9th
~10th
Jul. is from 0.36% to 0.62%, and
that of slag incineration on 28th
, 30th
Oct. 2010 is from 0.981% to 4.36% which came
up to the standards of less than 5% according to Standard for Pollution Control on the
Domestic Waste Incineration (GB18485-2001).
3.5.5 Discharge Amount Statistics of the Three Wastes
In accordance with acceptance monitoring report of Phase Project , the
discharge amount of atmospheric pollutants in existing projects are shown in Table
3.5-12.
Table 3.5-12 Discharge Amounts of Pollutants in Existing Projects
Category Name Discharge amount
t/a
Amount ratified by
environment impact
assessment(t/a)
Waste gas
Dust 38.08 48.21
SO2 18.17 247
NOx 362.3 694.1
HCl 10.91 19.29
Dioxin 0.19g 0.3855g TEQ
Waste water
(amount of waste
water
connecting-pipe)
Waste water amount 85500 104590
COD 34.16 89.96
SS 4.41 37.17
NH3-N 2.38 3.5
Industry waste
residue
Slag 0 0
Fly ash and active
carbon 0 0
Domestic waste 0 0
3.6 Official and Written Reply of Existing Projects and
Implement Condition of “Three-meanwhile” Policy
By contrast with the official and written reply of Phase Project (Suzhou
Environment Management [2003] No. 229) and the official and written reply of Phase
Project (Environment Audit [2008] No. 25), the construction condition of
existing projects and the condition of sanitary installation is shown in Table 3.6-1.
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Table 3.6-1 The Official and Written Reply of Environment Impact
Assessment of Existing Projects and the Implement Condition of Sanitary
Installation
No. Official and written reply of environment impact
assessment
Implementation condition of
sanitary installation Compliance
Phase Project
1
No hazardous waste could be mixed with domestic
waste to burn. Suzhou Municipality should carry
out overall sorting of garbage as soon as possible to
avoid hazardous waste mixed with domestic waste
so as to take best advantage of resource utilization.
Suzhou Municipality environment
sanitation division should take
charge of implementing and making
sure that no hazardous waste should
be mixed with domestic waste to
burn.
Consistent
2
In accordance of requirements of “distribution of
rain and sewage, diverting waste water from clean
water ” to construct drainage system in plant site;
enhance water-saving measurements and all
industrial waste drainage should be recycled;
domestic sewage should be treated in effluent
treatment plant in new district. Garbage storehouse
should be equipped with leachate collecting device;
all leachate should be burned without outward
drainage.
In accordance of the requirements
of “distribution of rain and sewage,
diverting waste water from clean
water” to construct drainage
system in plant site; enhance
water-saving measurements and all
of industrial waste drainage should
be utilized in cyclic; domestic
sewage should be processed in
effluent treatment plant in new
developed area. Garbage storehouse
should equipped with leachate
collecting device, little leachate
can be back-ejecta and surplus
enter into effluent treatment
plant in new developed area after
being pre-processed in plant and
having come up to the standards.
The way to
process
leachate is
different from
the replied way
3
Take high-efficient measurements to remove dust,
to desulfurize and denitrate and to wash and adsorb
pollutants like dioxin, HCL and HF, making sure
that concentration of atmospheric pollutants can
come up to the standards; make further
argumentation of treatment scheme of dioxin and
Take high-efficient measurements
to remove dust, to desulfurize and
denitrate and to wash and adsorb
pollutants like dioxin, HCL and HF,
make sure that the concentration of
atmospheric pollutants can come up
Consistent
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No. Official and written reply of environment impact
assessment
Implementation condition of
sanitary installation Compliance
heavy metal which are presented in report and
accident pre-warning and countermeasure of this
treatment scheme in the chapter of preliminary
design on environment protection, if necessary,
more credibility and efficiency alternative scheme
should take into account.
to the standards.
4
Arrange block planning of plant site reasonably,
high-noise device should be installed far away from
factory boundary and take advantage of denoise
measurements like silencing and sound insulation to
ensure that the noise of factory boundary can come
up to the standards.
Take advantage of denoise
measurements like silencing and
sound insulation to ensure the noise
of factory boundary can come up to
the standards.
Consistent
5
Formulate differentiate and management system on
clinker and safely landfill of fly ash and clinker
belonged to hazardous waste should put into effect;
enhance the environment management of storage
and transportation and outward transportation,
construct inplant temporary field(storage) of clinker
in line with requirements of standards.
Disposal site of fly ash is located at
Everbright Environment Protection
(Suzhou) hazardous solid waste
landfill. Transport fly ash to this
landfill by truck, solidify and then
landfill.
Consistent
6
In accordance with the requirements of the Setting
of Pollution Discharge Outlet and Office Procedure
of Renovate Standard in Jiangsu Province (Suzhou
Environment Control [1997] No.122 ) to install all
kinds of pollution discharge outlets and signs.
Chimney should have permanent sampling hole and
equipped with sampling monitoring platform.
Install all kinds of pollution
discharge outlets in line with
requirements, no signs. Chimney
should be equipped with permanent
sampling hole.
Consistent
7
In accordance with the requirements of Greening
Standards of Urban Settlement and Organization in
Jiangsu Province (DB32/139-95), design greening
scheme reasonably within plants, construct factory
boundary greenbelt with trees like tall arbor, and
percentage of coverage of greenbelt in plant should
be not less than 30%.
Percentage of coverage of greenbelt
in plant is 30%. Consistent
8
Enhance knowledge education on safety in
production for employees, carry out responsibility
system of safety in production, and formulate risk
Formulate corresponding risk
prevention and emergency
treatment scheme.
Consistent
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No. Official and written reply of environment impact
assessment
Implementation condition of
sanitary installation Compliance
prevention and emergency treatment scheme.
9
In accordance with the requirements of “Opened
Factory Information”, inform corresponding
residents about information of environment
management and the environment quality around
plant site once per year.
Organize some activities for
promoting friendship with
corresponding resident
nonscheduled to introduce
condition of environment
management.
Consistent
10
Paying great attention to the pollution of dioxin, we
should monitor the concentration of dioxin
periodical in line with requirements of environment
protection department when everything is ready.
Request Center for Environmental
Quality Test, Tsinghua University to
track and monitor concentration of
dioxin in 2010 and the results has
been kept in the archives and be put
on records.
Consistent
Phase Project
1
Reform some issues in existing projects such as
factory boundary noise nearby cooling tower is
higher than standards, scarce capacity to make lime
cream and the way to process leachate immediately
to meet requirements of laws and regulations and
criterion on environment protection; complete
leachate treatment plant on schedule. All remarks
are one of necessary conditions of trial production
of these projects.
Take low noise measurements for
cooling tower and get done with
greening in administration quarter
before trial production of Phase
Project , take advantage of plane
figure of Phase Project to
enlarge factory boundary to
decrease noise. Add a set of lime
cream preparation device in Phase
Project which used for
sweetening treatment of incinerator
in Phase Project. Build leachate
back-ejecta station to make part of
leachate back-ejected, surplus
should enters into sewage disposal
works in new district by
connecting-pipe after processed by
supporting leachate treatment
station in Everbright factory.
The way to
process
leachate is
different from
that in the reply
2 Use domestic waste collected in a unified way by
environment protecting departments as fuel, process
Use domestic waste collected by
refuse transfer stations as fuel and Consistent
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No. Official and written reply of environment impact
assessment
Implementation condition of
sanitary installation Compliance
other industrial waste medical waste and hazardous
waste except domestic waste is forbidden.
no industrial waste, medical waste
or hazardous waste is accepted.
3
Using following methods to control smoke
pollutants: remove nitric oxides by selective
catalytic reduction SCR), remove acid gas in flue
gas by neutralization with semi-dry process,
providing high efficiency bag dust collector and
active carbon sprayer to adsorb and remove more
dioxin-like compounds and heavy metal. Make sure
residence time of fume is not less than two seconds
in condition when temperature is not less than
850℃. Two incinerators share one 80m height
chimney to exhaust smoke. Further optimize design
of incinerator, the removal rates of smoke pollutants
in incinerator should not less than the requirements
presented in the report. Monitor combustion
temperature, carbon monoxide, oxygen content in
incinerator and to measure the dosage of active
carbon along with local environment protection
departments. Follow the requirements of Standard
for Pollution Control on the Domestic Waste
Incineration (GB18485-2001) to discharge smoke
pollutants, and dioxin should refer to and carry out
the emission limit in Directive 2000/76/EC Of the
European Parliament and of the Council on the
Incineration of Waste (0.1ngTEQ/m3)
Invest 14,350,000 on five
incinerators of Phase Project
and two used for fume
denitrification and adopts SNCR
denitration which use ammonia as
reducer. Make sure residence time
of incinerating gas is not less than
two seconds in condition when
temperature is not less than 850℃.
Incinerating gas should be
discharged through 80m-height
chimney after processed by
semi-dry process deacidification +
active carbon adsorption + bag
filter. The concentration of
pollutants should meet the
requirements of Standard for
Pollution Control on the Domestic
Waste Incineration
(GB18485-2001), and dioxin
should refer to and carry out the
emission limit in Directive
2000/76/EC Of the European
Parliament and of the Council on
the Incineration of Waste
(0.1ngTEQ/m3). Monitor
combustion temperature, carbon
monoxide, oxygen content in
incinerator and to measure the
dosage of active carbon together
with local environment protection
departments.
Consistent
4 Conscientiously implement control measurements
of dust nuisance and odor in the process of
Adopt enclosed design in garbage
tipping stage and garbage transport Consistent
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No. Official and written reply of environment impact
assessment
Implementation condition of
sanitary installation Compliance
collection, transportation and storage of domestic
waste, adopts enclosed design in refuse tipping
stage and refuse transport system, refuse storage
pool and refuse transport system should be operated
in negative pressure, the structure used for process
leachate shall be equipped with sealing system.
Un-organization discharge atmospheric pollutants at
factory boundary should follow the requirements of
Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants
(GB16297-1996) and discharge odor pollutants
should follow the requirements of Emission
Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB14554 93)
system, refuse storage pond and
refuse transport system should be
operated in negative pressure, the
structure used for process leachate
shall be equipped with sealing
system. The fugitive discharge
atmospheric pollutants at factory
boundary should follow the
requirements of Integrated
Emission Standard of Air Pollutants
(GB16297-1996) and Emission
Standards for Odor Pollutants
(GB14554 93)
5
According to the principles of “distribution of rain
and sewage, diverting waste water from clean
water” design, construct and improve drainage
system in plant site and to increase the utilization
rate of water. Process water based on water quality,
part of leachate and wash water of tipping stage is
back-ejecta, surplus connect to effluent treatment
plant in new developed area for centralized
treatment along with domestic after pre-processed
respectively and has come up to connecting-pipe
standards. Other waste water should be recycled
after being pre-processed and having come up to
quality requirements of reuse water without
draining outward. No outlet can be set in plant.
Connecting-pipe standards follows three level of
Integrated Waste Water Discharge Standard
(GB8979-1996)
“Distribution of rain and sewage,
diverting waste water from clean
water”, part of leachate and wash
water of tipping stage is
back-ejecta, surplus connect to
effluent treatment plant in new
district for centralized treatment
along with domestic sewage after
being pre-processed respectively
and having come up to
connecting-pipe standards,
concentration of connecting-pipe
can meet three classes of Integrated
Waste Water Discharge Standard
(GB8979-1996). Surplus waste
water should be utilized cyclical.
Consistent
6
Optimize plane arrangement of plant site, install
high-noise device reasonably. Choose low-noise
device to decrease source intensity of noise of those
devices. Carry out noise reduction measurements
like sound insulation and noise elimination on
high-noise devices. The intensity of noise at factory
Optimize plane arrangement of
plant site, choose low-noise device,
adopts measurements like sound
insulation and noise elimination to
make factory boundary noise meet
three classes of Emission Standard
Consistent
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No. Official and written reply of environment impact
assessment
Implementation condition of
sanitary installation Compliance
boundary should meet three classes of Standard of
Noise at Boundary of Industrial Factories
(GB12348-90) and avoid noise problems.
for Industrial Factories Noise at
Boundary (GB12348-2008)
7
In strict accordance with the relevant regulations,
treat and dispose solid waste by sorting, and achieve
“recycle, reduction and safe”. Incineration fly ash,
after being treated, should be processed as
hazardous waste by certain organizations which
have qualifications to process hazardous waste after
solidification processed, and the measurements to
collect; store and transport those waste should
follow relevant government regulations of Standard
for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage
(GB18597-2001). Avoid other industrial solid waste
bringing secondary pollution based on overall
comprehensive utilization.
Incineration fly ash should be land
filled safely after solidification
processed by Suzhou hazardous
waste landfill. Comprehensively
utilize slag.
Consistent
8
Implement precautionary measure of environment
risks; draw up environment risk emergency preplan.
Install leachate adjusting tank with adequate
capacity to avoid discharge without be processed.
Take strict antiseepage measurement on garbage
storage pit, leachate collection pool and sewage
treatment station, set up necessary groundwater
monitoring points to monitor the quality of
groundwater periodical. Implement
pollution-prevention measures of exhaust pollution
when abnormal operation mode appears or during
maintenance.
Implement precautionary measure
of environment risk and emergency
preplan and install leachate
adjusting tank with total capacity of
11,000 m3. Take strict antiseepage
measurement on refuse storage pit,
leachate collection pool and sewage
treatment station, set up
groundwater monitoring points to
monitor the quality of groundwater
periodical. Blowout the furnace as
the need of production and
accident, foul gas in garbage
storehouse can be processed by
deodorization device located at
incinerator by blower and then
discharged.
Consistent
9
Cooperate with local government to make a good
control job of stand-off distance of projects, ensure
no sensitive buildings like school and residential
No sensitive buildings like school
and residential area within the
scope of stand-off distance. Pay
Consistent
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No. Official and written reply of environment impact
assessment
Implementation condition of
sanitary installation Compliance
area within the scope of stand-off distance. Pay
abundant attention on opinions of the mass and
relevant propaganda and explanation shall be well
done.
attention on opinions of the mass
and relevant propaganda and
explanation shall be well done.
10
Set up a monitoring point to monitor the
concentration of dioxin in atmosphere at nearest
sensitive point of down-wind of predominant wind
direction within plant site and the high ground
concentration point respectively. Set up a
monitoring point to monitor the concentration of
dioxin in soil at up-wind and down-wind of
predominant wind direction within plant site
respectively before debug incinerator. The results
should be presented to Jiangsu Environmental
Protection Department and put on records. After the
projects having been put into operation, we should
have a good job of tracking and monitoring of the
concentration of dioxin and the result should be put
on records.
We commit Zhejiang Province
Environmental Monitoring Center
to monitor concentration of dioxin
in atmosphere at nearest sensitive
point of down-wind of predominant
wind direction and the high ground
concentration point within plant site
and concentration of dioxin in solid
at up-wind and down-wind of
predominant wind direction within
plant site respectively before debug
incinerator. The results should be
presented to Jiangsu Environmental
Protection Department and put on
records. After the projects having
been put into operation, we commit
Center for Environmental Quality
Test, Tsinghua University to track
and monitor the concentration of
dioxin and the results should be put
on records.
Consistent
11
Follow the relevant government regulations to
install normative pollutants outlets and storage
(treatment) area, install on-line continuous
monitoring device of flue gas and smoke, sulfur
dioxide nitric oxides with local environmental
protection department.
Follow the relevant government
regulations to install normative
pollutants outlet and storage
(treatment) area, install on-line
continuous monitoring device of
fume and smoke, sulfur dioxide,
nitric oxides with local
environmental protection
department.
Consistent
The main difference between implement condition of existing projects and the
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original environment impact assessment report and its official and written reply is the
way to process leachate: the back-ejecta of all leachate cannot put into practice in
mechanical efficiency furnace; when conducting the environment impact assessment
of Phase Project , leachate was pre-processed by leachate treatment plant of
Qizishan Mountain domestic waste landfill, the Everbright factory has completed the
matching leachate pre-treatment station, and this station can avoid environment risk
when transporting leachate and low down potential impact to environment.
3.7 Main Environment Problems of Existing Projects
To sum up, the sanitary installation completed by Everbright Environmental
Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. are complete and all in good condition, and the
waste water, waste gas and noise from existing projects can come up to the standard to
discharge. Treatment of solid waste is reasonable and has achieved zero discharge.
At present, the way to process fly ash is solidification treatment in hazardous
waste landfill. Considering there has risk accidents during transportation, transport fly
ash after solidification and chelate can meet the requirement of environment
protection better.
3.8 The Measures of “Using New Method to Improve Old One”
Bing aimed at above problems and further management requirements of
environment protection arise in the operation of factory, Everbright Environmental
Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. will take following steps of “using new method
to improve old one” as well as enlarge Phase :
1 Solidification and chelate of fly ash within plant site;
2 Improve combustion control system—control the stirring times of fire grate,
decrease output of smoke of waste gas by control air leakage strictly and low current
velocity of exhaust gas;
3 Ensure that discharge concentration of exhaust can come up to EU 2000
Standard by choosing hop-pocket remove dust efficiently, cleaning and sootblowing;
4 Add dry process deacidification system to further decrease the output of
acid fume like HCl in exhaust by injecting lime slaking in flue before the exhaust has
entered into hop-pocket;
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5 Upgrade reconstruct project for leachate process station, and add advanced
treatment technological of “nanofiltration + reverse osmosis”.
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4 Engineering Analysis of Phase Expansion
Project
4.1 The Necessity of Phase Expansion Project
In accordance with the Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene
(2006-2020) (Approved by Department of Construction of Jiangsu Province in 2007),
it is expected that the overall output of domestic waste of Jiangsu Province will reach
3,390 t/d in 2010 and 4,740 t/d in 2020, for details see Table 4.1-1.
Table 4.1-1 Prediction Table of Garbage Amount of Suzhou City
Area Name
Year 2010 Year 2020
Quantity
per capita
kg/p.d
Quantity
per capita
t/d
Quantity
per capita
kg/p.d
Quantity
per capita
t/d
Downtown
Area
Inner city and Wuzhong
Urban Area 1.23 1270 1.23 1310
Inner ring area of Suzhou
Beltway Highway 0.98 1740 1.14 2910
Subtotal - 3010 - 4220
Outer ring area of Suzhou Beltway
Highway 0.86 350 1.05 460
Scenic Areas 0.4 30 0.5 60
Total - 3390 - 4740
According to the Information Bulletin on Prevention and Control of
Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste of Suzhou City (Year 2009) issued by the
Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau in Jun. 2009, the output of domestic
waste of Suzhou City in 2009 is 1,554,300 tons (about 4,258 t/d) which has far
exceeded 3,390 t/d, the output of domestic waste of 2010 predicted in Professional
Planning of Environmental Sanitation in Suzhou City (2006-2020).
At present, however, the in the Phase and Phase projects of Everbright
Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, the garbage disposal capacity is
Municipal Solid Waste Waste-to-Energy Project Phase III Expansion, Everbright Environmental Energy (Suzhou) Limited
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about 2,580t/d, and the average amount of garbage entering incinerator after removing
the high moisture content 20.08% (amount of leachate from garbage dump where
garbage is kept) reaches 2,090 t/d, slightly more than designed operating load; Phase
of Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site in Suzhou City with a storage capacity of 4.7
million cubic meters has been filled up. After vertical pile expansion on former
address in 2009, the storage capacity is increased by 7.8 million cubic meters (which
is expected to serve 16 years and the designed disposal capacity is about 1,600 t/d).
As the domestic waste output increases with years, the burden of Qizishan
Refuse Landfill Site and Everbright Garbage Incinerator Plant has become more and
more heavy, and the capacity of existing garbage disposal facilities cannot meet the
needs of social life. As the only garbage landfill in Suzhou City, if Qizishan is filled
up, the garbage disposal in Suzhou City will be a great problem, and it is impossible
for Suzhou to find another land suitable for dumping garbage at present. When the
time comes, it will inevitably cause a scene of garbage siege. Therefore, it is very
necessary for Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd to carry
out its Phase Expansion Project.
4.2 Basic Composition of Phase Expansion Project
Table 4.2-1 Basic Components of Phase Expansion Project
Project Name Phase Expansion Project of Domestic Waste Incinerating Power Project of
Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd
Construction
Unit Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd
Principal Part
of the Project
3 sets of mechanical grate furnace, each with a designed incineration capacity of
500t/d. The designed incineration capacity of Phase is 1,500t/d;
Two 15MW condensing turbo-generator sets; dump pit with a volume of about
22,150 m3.
Products Plan An annual power generation of 194.9 million KWh, 18% of which for station
service, and the power sent into grid is expected to reach 156 million KWh.
Auxiliary
Projects
Comprehensive
utilization system of
Slag
Relying on the existing block production line, with an
annual production expected to be 35,000 m3
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Leachate treatment
plant
Relying on existing processing capacity, the maximum
leachate production capacity of this project in summer is
480 t/d. The leachate treatment station adds an advanced
treatment technology of “nanofiltration + reverse
osmosis” for upgrading and reconstruction, after which,
the waste water can be reused.
Fly-ash
solidification
workshop
One set of cement solidification system with a processing
capacity of 15 t/h shall be constructed in the hazardous
waste landfill.
Public
auxiliary
projects
Garbage discharge
and supply system
This system consists of motor truck scale, discharging
platform, garbage discharge doors, dump pit, garbage
grinder and garbage feeding grabs, of which, the garbage
discharge doors number 6 and are of hydraulic type; the
dump pit can store 8,860 tons of garbage which
approximates the storage volume of 6 days; the grabs
total 3 (one of them is standby).
Leachate reservoir Set one 1,200 m
3 leachate reservoir under the garbage
dump pit, which can store leachate of about 2.5days.
Firing system Use 0# diesel fuel. This project relies on the oil tank of
existing engineering, without constructing new ones.
Chemical water
preparation system
The salt water elimination system of boiler adopts first
level reverse osmosis + mix bed technologies, with a
processing capacity of 20 t/h.
Water purification
system
Rely on the existing intakes and water purification
system.
Draft cooling tower 3×3,000m3/h
Air-pressure system Gas supply capacity of 3×24Nm3/min
Environmental
protection
projects
Ash&slag disposal
system
Set two fly-ash storages, each with an effective volume of
300 m3, one slag pit with an effective volume of 1,500
m3. The slag shall be sent to brickfield for comprehensive
use. Construct one fly-ash solidification device in the land
for Phase project of hazardous waste landfill, after
solidification, the fly ash which pass the pollutant
inspection shall be sent to the domestic waste landfill, and
the fly ash which pass the pollutant inspection shall be
sent to the hazardous waste landfill.
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Fume treatment
system
SNCR is adopted for denitration. Each incinerator
connects one set of fume purification system in series,
three sets of devices being arranged parallelly. The fume
shall be treated by adopting semi-dry deacidification
tower + dry deacidification + active carbon injection
system + bag dedusting. The treated fume which reaches
the standards shall be exhausted through the 80m 3-tube
chimney.
Wastewater
treatment system
Slight amount of leachate will be injected back to the
furnace and the rest will be reused after been treated by
supporting treatment station and reaches the standards.
The domestic wastewater shall be sent to wastewater
disposal plant through tubes. Other factory effluent shall
be reused.
Deodorization
System
Dump pit adopts negative pressure. Both the primary and
secondary air needed for burning shall be taken from the
dump pits. Deodorizer shall be set.
Construction
investment
RMB 750 million including environmental protection investment of RMB 159.6
million which accounts for 21.28% of total investment.
Floor Space 40 mou are newly expropriated.
Number of the
staff Another 65 persons are newly employed.
Working
system Three shifts one day, eight hours one shift, 333 days (8,000 hours) one year
Note: There is no heat user around this project; therefore, the condensing units are constructed for
Waste-to-Energy.
Table 4.2-2 Changes on the Main Projects after the Completion of Phase
Expansion
Project Before Expansion After Expansion Changes
Principal part
of the project
Incinerator 3×350t/d+2×500t/d 3×350t/d+2×500t/d +3×500t/d Expansion
Condensing
turbo-gener
ator set
Power Output:
281,024,500 KWh
Power Output:
475,924,500 KWh
Expansion power
output will
increase
194,900,000KWh
Garbage
dump 16,000m
3+15,000m
3 16,000m
3+15,000m
3+22,150m
3 Expansion
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Auxiliary
Projects
Comprehen
sive
utilization
system of
Slag
Annual production
of 40,000-50,000 m3
block
Annual production of
75,000-85,000 m3 block
Based on the
existing block
production line
Leachate
treatment
station
Leachate treatment
capacity of about
509t/d
The treatment capacity reaches
designed scale, 1,000t/d.
Based on the
existing station,
carry out
upgrading and
reconstruction
Fly-ash
solidificatio
n workshop
Rely on the
hazardous waste
landfill for
solidification
Add one set of cement
solidification system with a
treatment capacity of 15t/d in
hazardous waste landfill.
Newly Constructed
Public
auxiliary
projects
Firing
System
Adopt 0#diesel oil,
one 20m3 oil
reservoir.
Adopt 0#diesel oil, one 20m3
oil reservoir.
Based on the
existing system
Chemical
water
treatment
2×20t/h 3×20t/h Expansion
Draft
cooling
tower
6,800 m3/h+7,000
m3/h
6,800 m3/h+7,000 m
3/h+9,000
m3/h
Expansion
Air
compressor 5×24 m
3/min 8×24 m
3/min
Expansion
Environmental
protection
projects
Waste gas
5 sets of waste gas
treatment devices,
the fume is treated
by adopting SNCR
denitration +
semi-dry
deacidification
tower + dry
deacidification +
active carbon
injection system +
bag dedusting.
8 sets of waste gas treatment
devices, the fume is treated by
adopting SNCR denitration +
semi-dry deacidification tower
+ dry deacidification + active
carbon injection system + bag
dedusting.
Expansion
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Waste
water
The leachate shall
be piped after been
treated through
supporting treatment
plant
Domestic
wastewater shall be
piped
Other factory
wastewater shall be
reused.
The leachate treatment station
adds a advanced treatment
technology of “nanofiltration +
reverse osmosis” for upgrading
and reconstruction, after which,
the waste water can be reused;
Domestic wastewater shall be
piped;
Other factory wastewater shall
be reused.
The leachate shall
be reused after
treatment and will
be not discharge.
4.3 Overview on the Geographic Positions of the Plants
The project of generating power from waste incineration of Everbright
Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd is located at foot of Qizishan to
the southeast of Mudu Town in Wuzhong District in Suzhou City, about 5.5 km away
from Mudu Town and 13 km from the main city zone of Suzhou City. The Phase
expansion project is located at south of the existing Phase and Phase projects,
facing Qizishan to the south; 200 m east away from the project are Qizishan refuse
landfill and Suzhou Hazardous Waste Landfill; Wuzhong Solid Waste and other
environmental protection enterprises at the west. The geographic positions of plants
are shown in Fig.2.1-1 and the ambient environment of the plants is shown in
Fig.4.3-1.
4.4 Overview on Land Occupation and Plan Layout of the Plants
The Project is located on the south of the existing plant, with an acquired area of
27,681 m2. The acquired land is primarily the flat land before Qizhishan and now
covered by a small amount of shrubs and weeds. The general information on land
occupation of phrase expansion projects is shown in Table 4.4-1.
Table 4.4-1 General Information on Land Occupation
Items Value Remarks
Plant area 27,681 m2
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Floor space of buildings and
structures 18,911.5 m
2
Building density 54.7%
Calculate area with floor area
ratio 26,471.4 m
2
Floor area ratio 0.88%
Area of roads (including
parking area) 49,01.3 m
2
Greening area 8,757 m2
Rate of green coverage 30%
Length of enclosing wall 500m
Giving consideration to the requirements of production technology, transportation,
fire prevention, environment protection, sanitation, construction and life, etc.,
combining the landform, geology, weather and other natural conditions of the plant
and partly relying on the existing publish and auxiliary projects, the general
arrangement plan of the plant has made overall arrangement for all building,
structures, pipelines and transportation routes, striving for reasonable and compact
arrangement, safe and economical operation and being easy for overhaul. The plane
layout of the plant is shown in Fig.4.4-1.
The general physical arrangement goes as follows:
1 Major producing area of Phase
The major producing area is main machine hall where the garbage discharging
platform, garbage dump pit, boiler incineration room, main control building, steam
turbine room and power house are combined, with internal functions clearly assigned
and interference-free. The trucks for transporting garbage pass in and out from the
materials entrance.
2 Production supporting area of Phase
The production supporting area mainly includes cooling tower, fly ash
solidification workshop and chemical water treatment station, etc. This area is located
outside the major producing area and the air compressor station is located inside the
main machine hall. Oil tank, leachate treatment station and so on rely on the existing
projects and need no additional construction.
Office area and living area rely on the existing projects and need no additional
construction.
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In addition, there are green belts on both sides of roads and around the buildings
in the plant to reduce the influence of noise and odor on the environment. The plane
layout of the plant shall give attention to requirement of landscape for demonstrating
the modern, green and environmental corporate image.
4.5 Overview of Projects and Equipment
4.5.1 Overview and Construction Schedule of the Project
This project is to construct 3 sets of 500 t/d incineration systems and 2 sets of
15MW Waste-to-Energy systems which is used to produce medium-temperature
medium-pressure superheated steam (400℃, 4.0MPa) by adopting technology of
generating power from garbage incineration in mechanical grate furnace, and assorted
condensing steam turbine set. The process technology is the same as that of the
existing project.
The construction schedule of this project is shown in Table 4.5-1.
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Table 4.5-1 The Progress Schedule of the Project
No. Project Name Working time month
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1 Project demonstration and previous work
2
Compilation and approval of the report on
environmental impact assessment
3 Compilation and approval of the project declaration
4 Preliminary design and examination
5 Construction design
6 Land-leveling operation
7 Equipment purchase/processing and manufacturing
8 Civil engineering
9 Equipment installation
10 Verification in cool state for equipment
11 Verification in thermal state for equipment
12 Final acceptance
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4.5.2 Technological Flow
Like the existing engineering, this project still adopts reciprocating grate
incinerator. The whole process system consists of garbage crushing system, garbage
feeding system, auxiliary fuel supply system, incineration system, fume purification
treatment system, slag draining system, ash&slag integrated processing system,
steam-water system, instrumentation control system, chemical water treatment system,
electrical control system, steam turbines and power generation system, air cooling
system and power access system, etc.
The technique flowchart of generating power from garbage incineration in this
project is shown in Fig.4.5-1, and the technical process is presented as follows:
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Fig.4.5-1 Technique Flowchart of Generating Power from Garbage Incineration in This Project
Dry Deacidification
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4.5.2.1 Fuel Receiving and Delivery System
After entering the factory from materials entrance and being weighed by the
weight bridge, the garbage trucks, following instruction, drive ion the garbage
discharge hall to dump the garbage ion the garbage dump pit. After being mixed by
grab of crane, the garbage is sent to the incinerator.
� View
A viewing platform shall be set before the entrance of the weight bridge. The
garbage trucks and the garbage in them shall meet the requirements of Agreement on
Garbage Supply and Transport. The trucks which are not approved by parties, the
wastes which cannot be treated according to the agreement and the non-permissive
garbage which are not approved by both parties are not allowed to enter the factory.
Weighing System
In the current project, three sets of 50 ton weight bridges (the size of platform is
3.4×14m) are set near the materials entrance of the plant, adopting automatic electric
truck scale system. The output signal of the weight bridge is connected to computer
database to record time, truck number, total weights and net weight and other data.
Garbage Discharge Hall
The garbage discharge hall is designed for garbage trucks to drive in, drive
backward, discharge and drive out as well as for urgently repairing track. The
discharge hall, with ground height of 9m, top elevation of 17m, length of 116m and
width of 32m, 2-3 times of the turning radius of the probable largest truck, is set with
an upward driveway and downward driveway. The discharge area has no obvious
control mark to conduct trucks to discharge garbage. The discharge hall is fully
enclosed structure, and the door and window is designed gas tight to prevent odor
from leaking out. There are wastewater-leading grooves in discharge hall, which are
used for collecting the garbage leachate falling in drops when the garbage is
discharged from trucks and leading the leachate into the leachate collecting pit. Then
the leachate will be pumped into the leachate treatment system in the wastewater
treatment station.
Garbage Discharge Door
The garbage dump pit is provided with 6 garbage discharge doors which is
designed gas tight. The airtight construction is designed for prevent the dusts or odor
from the garbage as well as mosquitoes entering the platform. After entering the
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platform, the trucks will drive to the discharge door to which the control room gives a
signal. Dam board shall be set before all the discharge doors to prevent the delivery
trucks turning over the garbage pit.
Garbage Dump Pit
Covering a land of 23.7 m × 60.3 m, the garbage dump pit can store 8,860 tons
of garbage, which is able to meet the demand for processing garbage about 6 days.
The garbage pit is of reinforced concrete structure and of semi-underground type. The
air in the pit will be pumped into the incinerator by the primary air fan above the
pump pit so as to control the accumulation of odor and methane gas and keep the
garbage dump pit in negative pressure.
Some water will sweat out during the course of garbage storage; the garbage pit
is therefore designed with a 2% longitudinal gradient which is advantageous of
leading the leachate. Stainless steel sewage bar screen is installed at the bottom of the
wall before the garbage pit in order to drain the leachate to the leachate pond which
has an effective volume of 1,200m3 and can store the garbage leachate about 2.5days.
Leachate back-injection device shall be set at the outlet of the separator. A small
amount of leachate injects back and the rest part will be pumped into the leachate
treatment station.
Anticorrosion treatment is adopted in the garbage dump pit, leachate collection
groove and leachate collection pond for fear the leachate might corrode the concrete
wall. Indraft device is added in the leachate collection groove and leachate collection
pond so as to inhale the foul gas into the garbage dump pit during the overhaul period.
Garbage Transportation
3 sets of garbage cranes are set on the top of the garbage dump pit, each with a
loading capacity of 15 tons, one of which for standby use. Set 3 sets of 10m3
hydraulic driving grabs, one of which for standby use. The standby grab is placed in
the warehouse for the convenience of timely replacement. A weighing device is set on
the trolley frame of the crane, providing the functions of metering, pre-alarm and
overloads protection. The weighing device can also display and record various
parameters of materials put into production in the crane room. The crane can feed raw
materials into 3 sets of incinerators as well as convey, mix and stack transfer the
garbage. The garbage shall be stockpiled in the designated area in order to ensure that
the garbage as fired is mixed evenly and burns steadily. In view of the severe
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environment in the garbage storage pit, the crane operators operate in the crane
control room over the lateral side of the garbage storage pit. The crane is equipped
with manual operation system and semi-automatic operation function and can achieve
fast switching between them. Each control chair in the control room controls one lifter.
In addition, one set of wireless remote controller is provided for emergencies and
repair.
Firing and Auxiliary Fuel Oil System
The firing system of the boiler consists of the fuel oil system, main body of
boiler burner, ignition device, flame detector and corresponding controller and safe
protection device.
The fuel oil system consists of oil tank, oil filter and oil feed pump, adopting
piping-main scheme, with the oil supply and oil return main pipes close to the
incinerator burner. The existing project has one buried steel oil tank with a volume of
20m3 and two oil feed pumps, one of which for standby use, with a discharge capacity
of 3.6m3/h, discharge pressure of 2.5MPa and model of 3Gr42x6A. No new oil-supply
system is needed to be added in this project.
At ignition, both the lighting up burner and auxiliary burner shall be put into use.
When the incinerator is heated to 300~400℃, withdraw the lighting up burner, and
then evenly heat the hearth with auxiliary burner. When the hearth is heated to 850℃,
put the garbage into it; if the calorific value of garbage is too low to make the
afterburner flue gas temperature meet the requirement of “flue gas temperature
≥850℃ and retention time ≥2s”, the auxiliary burner will operate automatically,
which will completely remix the hazardous materials in the fuel gas and make them
meet the requirement for environmental protection.
4.5.2.2Incineration System
The incinerator of this project adopts the combustion technology of slanting
reciprocating pusher-type mechanical grates, and the design parameters are shown as
follows:
Lower calorific value of the
garbage
Maximum 8,000kJ/kg
Minimum 4,200kJ/kg
Design point 6,700kJ/kg
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Annual water content ≤ 50%
Annual ash content ≤ 25%
Single-furnace rated treatment 500t/d
Single-furnace maximum 550t/d
Temperature of primary air ~220℃
Temperature of secondary air ~20℃
Rated mechanical load of grate
furnace 283 kg/(m
2·h)
Through the isolated operation on the travelling crane and garbage grab in the
garbage storehouse, the garbage in the storehouse is lifted in the feed hopper and then
charged to the entrance of the incinerator grate through the feed spout. The expansion
joints shall be used for connecting the feed hopper with the feed spout. The self-start
nozzle fire extinguishing system and closing valve for closing the feed hopper during
when stop the incinerator for overhaul and avoiding the flame or spark entering the
garbage storehouse when the feed spout or feed hopper catch fire. A material level
monitor shall be set in the feed spout to communicate with the central control room
and garbage isolation control room. The infeeding operation shall be conducted in
accordance with the alarm signal given by the material level monitor.
The garbage in the incinerator continuously rolls and mix on the hearth and
complete the whole process of drying, catching fire and burning. The incinerator gate
is divided into 3 areas separately for drying, gasification and burning through. Each
incinerator gate can be independently controlled by hydraulic control system. The
incinerator gate is made of heat-proof wear-resisting alloy steel. The hydraulic control
system controls the running speed of the incinerator gate and communicates with the
central control room.
A monitoring camera is equipped on the rear wall of the incinerator to monitor
the combustion process in the incinerator, supply the fume temperature and negative
pressure value at the burning layer and first flue duck and automatically control the
input and withdrawing of the auxiliary combustion system according to the datum of
oxygen and so on contained in smoke gases at the boiler exit. All these data shall
communicate with the central control room.
A small amount of leachate in the leachate regulation tank shall be injected into
the incinerator through pipeline and nozzle, and the injection rate shall be regulated
according to the combustion condition in the incinerator supplied by the monitoring
system to reduce the discharged capacity of leachate and improve the coking
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condition in the incinerator.
The primary air is extracted from the garbage storehouse and heated to 220℃ by
the primary air preheater (with a single-stage extraction steam as heat source) before
being blowed in the ash hopper at the bottom of the incinerator. The primary air is
used for drying, gasifying, burning and burning out the garbage and cooling the
incinerator grate. The primary air is controlled by frequency converter and distributed
into different grate areas through adjustable valve for drying and combustion.
The secondary air in the incinerator is mainly for supplying enough combustion
air so that the combustible material in the flue gas can burn fully. The nozzle of the
secondary air is generally arranged crossed on the front and back walls of the first flue
duck, and the quantity, pipe diameter and position of the nozzle can ensure height
turbulence caused by the flue gas in the combustion chamber, which decomposes the
hazardous gas through full combustion.
4.5.2.3 Turbo Generator and Thermodynamic System
The heat energy generated in the incinerator can generate vapor through
exhaust-heat boiler and then converse into electrical energy through turbo generator
set. This project has allocated two 15MW extraction condensing turbo generator sets.
The exhaust-heat boiler of this project is the water-tube boiler with single boiler
drum, natural circulation and balanced ventilation. The flue duct of boiler is made up
of 3 access shafts + 1 horizontal channel + 2 fuel economizers. The heating surface of
the exhaust-heat boiler is set in such a way that the temperature of the flue gas can fall
below 250℃ by rapid cooling. Since the temperature range of 250~500℃ is
susceptible to dioxin, in the design of the exhaust-heat boiler, the detention time of
flue gas in this temperature range is minimized to avoiding dioxin. The three radiating
flues under the boiler supporting structure partly expand downward while other part
and the horizontal flue expand upward freely. The convection bank is supported by the
top collecting box on the side wall and can expand freely. The technical parameters of
the exhaust-heat boiler go as follows:
Rated garbage disposal capacity t/d 500
Maximum continuous evaporation t/h 42.8
Rated steam outlet pressure MPa G 4.0
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Rated steam outlet temperature ℃ 400
Working pressure of boiler drum MPa G 4.5
Working temperature of boiler drum ℃ 257
Boiler feed temperature ℃ 130℃
Pollution discharge rate % ~2
Exhaust gas temperature ℃ 195 -5 +10
Flue gas resistance Pa ~800
Boiler thermal efficiency % ≥80.5
Exhaust flue gas level (design point) Nm3/h 9.8×10
4
The exhaust-heat boiler supplies superheated steam of 4.0MPa and 400℃ which
enters into the steam turbine to works on and drives the generator to generate
electricity. After that, the exhaust steam enters into the steam condenser and become
condensation water which, pressurized by the condense pump and pass through
two-stage vapor extractor, gland steam heater, low pressure heater and deaerator,
returns to the exhaust heat boiler from boiler feed pump after deoxygenation. The
steam used for the low pressure heater and deaerator is supplied by running turbine
through steam extraction.
A two-stage vapor extractor is set in the steam-water system to make the steam
condenser keep certain vacuity and thereby enable steam turbine get the best possible
economical efficiency. The drain tank and drainage pump can collect drainage water
in relevant equipment and pipelines in the system and sent it to the deaerator, thereby
reduce the steam and water loss and improve the economical efficiency of the system.
The main steam system is equipped with a set of steam bypass system. When the
steam turbine is being examined or disorderly close down, the steam generated in the
incinerator/exhaust-heat boiler condenses through the bypass system. The bypass
system capacity is designed as 120% of the rated capacity of one set of steam turbo
generator. Turbine tripping without boiler tripping can ensure the garbage disposal
capacity.
4.5.2.4 Flue Gas Purification System
The flue gas generated from the garbage incinerator contains a lot of dust,
chlorine hydride, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur dioxide and other acidic harmful gas and
such poisonous substance as dioxin and heavy metal, etc.
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By improving combustion control system (controlling the times of stirring fire
grate, strictly controlling the air leakage and reducing the flue gas flow rate), this
project can reduce the amount of the flue dust in the exhaust air. The project also
reduces the discharge amount of nitrogen oxide by adopting low nitrogen burner and
SNCR denitration.
The flue gas purification system still adopts the flue gas treatment system of the
existing project, which consists of semi-dry deacidification tower, dry deacidification
system, active carbon adsorption, bag-type dust collector, ash-conveying system and
flue gas online monitoring facilities, etc, each incinerator equipped with one set.
Flue gas of about 190℃ generated from the fuel economizer of the exhaust-heat
boiler enters into the spray drying reaction tower from its top. In the meanwhile, the
alkaline absorbent (lime hydrate solution) spurts out rapidly in the form of fogdrop
from the spinner nozzle and the fogdrops have large specific surface area, which
ensures good contact between the absorbent and flue gas. The flue gas and liquid
fogdrops together downwards, and most acid gases (such as HCI, HF, SO2, etc.) are
removed by absorption. The afterheat makes the water content in the serofluid
evaporates and the resultant of reaction are discharged in the form of dry solid. Before
the flue gas enters into the bag-type dust collector, inject the lime hydrate into the flue
again to further remove the acidic gases in the flue gas and reduce the discharge
amount of HCI, HF and so on; afterwards, inject active carbon to absorb dioxin and
heavy metal in the flue gas. The particulates carried in the flue gas are detented by the
filter cloth of highly efficient bag-type dust collector and form a filter layer. When the
flue gas passes the filter layer formed by the particulates, the gaseous pollutant can
still react with the non-reacted lime in filter layer and thereby been further purified.
The ash captured by the dust collector is periodically removed by the deashing device.
The treated flue gas will be again drawn into the 80-meter chimney-group for
discharge. The ash collected by the purification system, after being sent to the
solidification workshop by tank lorry for solidification treatment and reach the
standards, is transported to the landfill.
The amount of lime injected into the semi-dry deacidification tower is about
5,775 t/a, the amount of lime injected into the dry deacidification system is about
2,100 t/a, and the amount of injected active carbon is about 258t/a.
The detailed process is shown as below:
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4.5.2.5 Ash & Slag Disposal System
Slag disposal system: the slag discharging amount of single set 500t/d
incinerator is about 121.68t/d (40,560t/a), and the overall slag discharging amount of
Phase expansion project is 365.04t/d (121,680t/a). The slag generated after the
garbage combustion falls into the water cooling-type slag discharge machine and is
exhausted into the slag pit. Then the slag will be loaded into the dump truck by grab
and transported to the brick field for comprehensive use. The finer garbage which
leaks from the gap of grate is sent to the slag pit by the grate leaking slag conveyor.
The slag, covering an area of 5.6m×53.55m, 5m deep, can store about 3.5 days’ slag
of 3 sets of incinerators under the rated load.
The cooling water of the slag discharge machine shall be used circularly.
Fly ash treatment system: the fly ash amount of single set 500t/d incinerator is
about 16t/d (5,328t/a), and the total fly ash amount of Phase expansion project is
48t/d (15,984t/a). Among the flue gas entering into the deacidification reaction tower,
the larger particulates, by centrifugal force, are attached to the wall of the reaction
tower and finally fall on the bottom of the reaction tower. The collections at the
bottom of the deacidification reaction tower are resultants of deacidification reaction
and mixtures of the resultants, which fall in the ash hopper of the reaction tower; the
fly ash (including active carbon and lime hydrate injected in) contained in the flue gas
is trapped by bag-type dust collector to the ash hopper. All fly ash in the ash hopper is
sent to the fly ash storehouse by shell-type conveyor and finally to the solidification
workshop. The solidification workshop of this project is set in the land for the Phase
expansion of fly ash solidification workshop, and the fly ash generated after
garbage of the whole factory are burnt out is sent to the hazardous waste landfill by
tank trucks.
Fig. 4.5-2 Flue Gas
Lime hydrate
solution
Active
carbon
Bag-type dust
collector Draft
Fan Chimney
Flyash collecting system
Semi-dry
deacidification
tower
Flue
gas
Lime
hydrate SNCR
Denitration
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The fly ash and reactants are solidified by using cement. Set up one cement
solidification system with a treatment capacity of 15t/h, which mainly consists of ash
storehouse, cement silo, weighing box, dust valve, measuring hopper, moulding
machine, water spraying system and control system. The two ash storehouses, each
with a volume of 300m3, can store about 6 days’ ash of 3 sets of incinerators under
normal operation; one cement silo with a volume of 60m3, is arranged at the left side
of the flue gas purification area. The cement is sent to the cement silo through
pneumatic conveying. The fly ash reactant stored in the ash storehouse, according to
certain mixing ratio, is mixed with cement and coagulator and then put into the
blending bunker through the dust valve. After mixed up through vibrating blending
bunker, the fly ash enters the moulding machine for shaping.
The fly ash generated by the incineration in this project, after solidification and
chelation, is checked once a week by Everbright Environmental Protection Energy
(Suzhou) Solid Waste Disposal Limited. If the check result meets the landfill
requirements defined in the Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of
Household Garbage (GB16889-2008), the fly ash will be sent to the Qizishan
domestic waste landfill; if not, the fly ash shall enter into the hazardous waste landfill
for safe landfill.
4.5.2.6 Leachate Treatment System
The garbage is transported into the garbage dump pit for storage, and the water
contained in the garbage will exude gradually. Measured by the maximum amount in
summer, it is estimated about 480 m3/d. The leachate contains a certain amount of
heavy metal and other poisonous substance, the composition of which is complicated.
The bottom of the garbage dump pit is designed with a dip angle of 2°, which makes
the leachate and other sewage flow into the bottom of the garbage discharge outlet and
the lateral leachate collecting gutter and, after filtered by stainless wire net, enter into
the leachate collecting sump which has been given anti-seepage treatment. A small
amount of leachate is injected into the garbage incinerator through atomizing nozzle
for high-temperature incineration and segmentation, and the rest shall be reused after
been pumped into the leachate pre-treatment station for treatment.
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4.5.3 Main Equipment and Environmental Protection Facilities
Main equipment and environmental protection facilities of this project are
shown in Table 4.5-2 and Table 4.5-3.
Table 4.5-2Main Equipment of This Project
Items Unit Parameters
Incinerator/exhaust-heat boiler 3
sets
Category Mechanical grate
incinerator
Rated garbage
incineration amount t/d 3×500
Fuel value kJ/kg 8,860
Hearth temperature ℃ 850~900
Retention time of flue gas
in hearth s ≥ 2
Temperature at flue gas
outlet ℃ 190
Clinker ignition losses % < 3
Steam temperature ℃ 400
Steam pressure MPa 4.0
Rated evaporation t/h 126
Feed-water temperature ℃ 130
Boiler thermal efficiency % 81
Steam turbines 2sets
Category Condensing
Rated power MW 2×15
Rated inlet steam pressure MPa 3.8
Rated inlet steam
temperature ℃ 390
Rated inlet steam amount t/h 150
Rated Rotation speed rpm 3,000
Generator 2sets
Rated power MW 2×15
Power factor 0.8
Rated Rotation speed rpm 3,000
Outlet voltage kV 10.5
Excitation ways Brushless excitation
Garbage discharge door 6 Mode
Inclined
dragging type
Size mm H×W 5,000×3,800
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Items Unit Parameters
Grab crane 2
Mode Double-beam bridge type
Hoisting capacity t 2×15
Span m 31.2
Sling height m 32.6
Cart travelling distance m 80
Garbage hopper 3
Mode Electro-hydraulic
multi-peel
Grab volume m3
3×10
Closing/opening time s 13/7
Garbage feeder 3sets Transport capacity t/h 3×10
Slag discharge machine 6sets Transport capacity t/h 6×5
Grate slag leakage conveyor
6sets Transport capacity t/h 6×2
Primary draft 3sets
Air quantity Nm3/h 3×18,086
Rotation speed rpm 1,450
Electrical motor V 380
Secondary draft 3sets Air quantity Nm
3/h 3×44,649
Rotation speed rpm 1,450
Incinerator wall cooling fan
3sets
Air quantity Nm3/h 3×15,777
Rotation speed rpm 1,450
Condensate pump 4sets Flow rate m
3/h 4×60
Pump lift mH2O 120
Boiler feed pump 3sets
Flow rate m3/h 3×75
Pump lift mH2O 600
Feed-water temperature ℃ 130
Boiler feed pump 2sets
Flow rate m3/h 2×50
Pump lift mH2O 600
Feed-water temperature ℃ 130
Medium pressure deaerator
2sets
Rated output t/h 2×75
Working pressure Mpa 0.27
Extracted water
temperature ℃ 130
Water inlet temperature ℃ ≥50
Oxygen content in
extracted water mg/l ≤0.016
Deaerating water tank m3
35
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Items Unit Parameters
Chemical preparation system
1set
Technology One-stage revise
osmosis+mixed bed
Processing capacity t/h 20
Compressed air system 3sets Air demand Nm3/min 3×24
Table 4.5-3 Overview of the Environmental Protection Facilities of This
Project
Items Unit Parameters
Flue
gas
treatment
Deacidification
reaction tower
3sets
Amount of flue gas Nm3/h 3×100,000
Inlet flue gas
temperature ℃ 190
Flue gas retention time s > 4
Flue gas outlet
temperature ℃ 150
Bag-type dust
collector 3sets
Amount of flue gas Nm3/h 3×100,000
Inlet flue gas
temperature ℃ 150
Effective filtration area m2
3,200
Filtration rate m/min 0.8
Working resistance Pa < 1,200
Bag-type filtration
material PTFE+PTFE coating
Lime hydrate
injection system
3sets
Injection quantity kg/h 3×85
Active carbon
injection system
3sets
Injection quantity kg/h 3×20
Chimney
Mode Telescope feed
Height m 80
Inner diameter of the
outlet m 3×2.0
Flue gas online
monitoring
Monitor many relevant parameters such as concentration of flue
dust (particulates), SO2, NOx and CO, flue gas flow rate,
temperature, humidity and oxygen content, etc, and record the
discharge rate and total discharge amount ,etc.
Flue gas control measures Method High-efficiency bag-type dust
collector
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Items Unit Parameters
Dust removal efficiency % 99.9
Outlet concentration mg/m3 ≤ 10
SO2 control measures
Method Semi-dry reaction tower+dry
deacidification
Reduction ratio % 85
Outlet concentration mg/m3 ≤ 50
NOX control measure
Method Combustion control
method+SNCR denitration
Reduction ratio % 50
Outlet concentration mg/m3 ≤ 200
CO control measures Method
Strengthen the combustion in
incinerator and improve the
secondary draft head to allow
more complete combustion.
Outlet concentration mg/m3 ≤ 50
HCl and HFcontrol measures
Method Semi-dry reaction tower+dry
deacidification
Removal rate % 96
Outlet concentration mg/m3 HCl≤10 mg/m3 HF≤1 mg/m3
Organic pollutant (dioxin) control
measure
Method “3T” active carbon
absorption+bag-type dust
removal
Removal rate % 99.9
Outlet concentration ≤ 0.1TEQ ng/m3
Cadmium control measure
Method
Semi-dry method+ dry
deacidification bag-type dust
removal
Removal rate % 80
Outlet concentration mg/m3 ≤ 0.05
Lead control measure
Method
Semi-dry method+ dry
deacidification bag-type dust
removal
Removal rate % 99
Outlet concentration mg/m3 ≤ 0.5
Quicksilver control measure
Method
Semi-dry method+ dry
deacidification bag-type dust
removal
Removal rate % 80
Outlet concentration mg/m3 ≤ 0.05
Odor control measure Method
Close the garbage discharge
room and garbage dump pit;
Draft fan intakes air to form
slight negative pressure in the
garbage pond; Draft fan
extracts air to incinerate; set
deodorizer.
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Items Unit Parameters
Effect Discharge comes up to the
standards
Drainage treatment measure
Method
A small amount of leachate is
injected back, and the rest
treated in the matching leachate
treatment station is reused for
re-circulated cooling water
after reach the quality standard
of reuse water; the drainage
part of the chemical water
treatment system is used for
lime slurry preparation, part of
which is used for water
utilization in brick field and the
rest is used for water spraying
on roads and discharge
platform; the cooling tower
drainage is reused for
deslagging cooling water; the
domestic sewage is connected
with pipes to the sewage
treatment plant in new district.
Leachate disposal
capacity t/d
Inject back 50t/d, reuse 430t/d
after pre-treatment
Slag disposal measure Method Comprehensive utilization
Disposal capacity t/d 365.04
Fly ash control measure Method
Those passing the solidification
inspection are sent to the
domestic waste landfill and
those not passing the inspection
are sent to the hazardous waste
landfill.
Disposal capacity t/d 48
Noise control measure
Method
Present noise control indicators
to the equipment suppliers; set
muffle, sound proof casing and
two storied door and window;
control the window size of the
steam turbine room, etc.
Effect
Ensure that the noise at the
boundary of the factory comes
to the standards.
Greening measure Method
Plant trees and grass with
strong adsorbility on both sides
of the roads and around the
factory buildings.
Greening coefficient % 30
4.6 General Information of Raw and Auxiliary Materials
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4.6.1 Fuel
Similar to the existing project, the major fuel of the Phase expansion project
is domestic waste, with light diesel as starting up and combustion-supporting fuel.
The designed domestic waste treatment scale of Phase expansion project is
1,500 t/d, and three 500 t/d incinerators are adopted. Similar to the existing project,
the service coverage is still the urban area of Suzhou City, and this project will not
establish new transportation lines. The domestic waste are transported by the sealed
haulage trucks and breech loading sealed haulage trucks in the environmental sanitary
administration of Suzhou from the designated garbage transfer stations to the
discharge hall expanded in this phase and discharged into the garbage storehouse. The
construction of this project has greatly reduced the amount of garbage entering into
the Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site.
According to the existing engineering operation cases, auxiliary fuels are needed
when start up the incinerator to make the incinerator temperature reach the operating
condition required for garbage incineration. Under the design conditions,
4~6t/incinerator fuel oil is consumed for each cold start and 2~3t/incinerator fuel oil is
consumed for each warm start. One 20m3 oil tank is set in the oil tank area of the
existing project, which can meet the fuel oil demand when the 3 incinerators of Phase
start at the same time. Therefore, no new oil storage will be established for Phase
project.
The technical analysis and element analysis on the garbage fuels and light diesel
used in Phase expansion project are same as those in section 3.3.1.
4.6.2 Main Auxiliary Materials
The main auxiliary materials needed in the process of garbage incineration are
shown in Table 4.6-1.
Table 4.6-1 The Usage of the Main Auxiliary Materials in This Project
No. Items Unit target (kg/h) Year’s target
(t/a) Remarks
1 Lime 984.4 7,875
2 Active carbon 32.26 258
3 Ammonia liquor 93.75 750 Concentration: 20%
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4.7 Public Auxiliary Projects
4.7.1 Water Supply and Drainage
4.7.1.1 Water Supply
The domestic water of this project is from the tape water and the production
water is from Xujiang River.
The designed maximum daily fresh water replacement is 1,779 t/d, of which
1,681 t/d from river water and 98t/d from tape water. The tape water is used for office
and living use, chemical examination use in laboratory, brick field
compounding-purpose water, water service in leachate treatment station; the river
water is mainly used for production, including water implementation for circulation
and cooling system, chemical water treatment system and wash water.
In the existing project, a raw water pumping station is established on the south
bank of Xujiang, the pure water supply being maintained around 200m3/h. The water
consumption of Phase and Phase in the summer of 2010 is about 2,700~2,960
m3/d (about 123 m
3/h), and the water consumption in winter is about 2,500~2,600
m3/d (about 108 m
3/h). The residual water deliverability of water purification station
of the existing project is about 1,920 m3/d (80 m
3/h). Because this project needs to
replenish industrial water consumption of about 1,779 m3/d (74 m
3/h), the existing
project can be relied on.
The water consumption of this expansion project is shown in Table 4.7-1.
Table 4.7-1 Table of Water Consumption of Phase Expansion Project
Name
Water
consumption
m3/d
Feed
water
amount
m3/d
Amount of
reusable
water m3/d
Remarks
Domestic water 10 10 0 Tap water
Brick field
compounding-purpose
water
30 30 0 Tap water
Water service for leachate 112 58/54 112
58/54 0 Tap water /River
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treatment station purification
Circulating cooling
make-up water 1,732 1,270 462
Makeup water comes
from river purification
and the reusable water
comes from the
advanced treatment of
leachate
Chemical water treatment
system make-up water 184 184 0 River purification
Lime
compounding-purpose
water
173 173 0 River purification
Water used for cooling the
slag dragging machine and
flushing slag
233 0 233
Water discharged from
the cooling tower
Boiler feedwater 116 0 116 Chemical water
Water for washing terrace 68 0 68
Water discharged from
the chemical water
treatment
Water sprayed on
greenbelt and roads 25 0 25 Boiler drainage
Total 2,683 1,779 904
4.7.1.2 Drainage
This project adopts wastewater segregation system and the main drainages go as
follows:
Compared with the leachate discharge quantity of existing project, the summer
maximum discharge quantity of garbage leachate is about 374t/d which enters into the
leachate regulating basin together with the discharge platform washing water of 68t/d.
And then, 50t/d is injected back to incinerator and the rest 392t/d enters into the
supporting leachate treatment station; after advanced treatment, 462t/d is reused for
circulating cooling water and 24t/d concentrated water is sent to the incinerator for
incineration.
The domestic wastewater of 8t/d is sent to the sewage treatment plant in new
district through pipeline.
The 25t/d water discharged from the boiler steam-water system is clean water
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which is used for greening and road watering.
4.7.1.3 Water Balance Diagram
The water balance of Phase expansion project is shown in Fig. 4.7-1 and that
of the whole plant after finishing Phase can be seen in Fig. 4.7-2.
Fig. 4.7-1 Water Balance Diagram of Phase Expansion Project
Unit: t/d
Xujiang River
1,681
1,270 Cooling
tower
233
4,500t/h
12~15%lime slurry compounding
Loss 1,499
7 Take away slag
Greening, road
watering
Loss 25
Loss 173
Chemical water
treatment 184
Washing terrace
and trucks
68
116 Steam-wat
er system
Leachate
regulating basin
392
25 68
Cooling the slag dragging
machine and flushing
slag
Loss 226
140t/h
Leachate in
garbage
storehouse
374
173
Loss 91
Inject back 50
Loss 30 Tape water
98
Leachate treatment
station
442
8
Loss 2
54 Reverse osmosis wash water
Incinerator
Living water
Discharged to the sewage
treatment plant in new
district through municipal
sewer net
58 Reverse osmosis wash
10
Loss 18
Brick field compounding-purpose water 30
462
Incinerator
24
462
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Fig.4.7-2 Water Balance Diagram of the Whole Factory
Unit: t/d
4.7.1.4 Chemical Water Treatment
Boiler feed water is demineralized water which is made by adopting the
technology of reverse osmosis plus mixed bed, with the following technological
processes: filter the production water with multi-medium filter and active carbon filter,
add scale inhibitor in the filtering water to avoid scale formation, and pour the
Xujiang River
4,036
3,055
Cooling tower
558
14,200t/h
12~15%lime starry
Loss 3,581
17 Take away slag
Greening, road
Loss 60
Loss 173
Chemical water
treatment 439
Washing terrace
and trucks
162
277 Steam-wat
er system
Leachate
treatment
918
60
162
Cooling the slag dragging
machine and flushing
Loss 541
340t/h
Leachate in garbage
886
413 Loss 217
Inject back 130
Loss 71.5 Tape water
254.5
Leachate
treatment station
1,048
36
Loss 9
129 Reverse osmosis wash
Incinerator
Living
water
Discharged to the
sewage treatment 45
Loss 43
Brick field 71.5
1,084
Incinerator
58
1,084
138 Reversal osmosis wash
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filtering water to precision filter for further filtration. After boosting pressure, the
filtering water enters into the reverse osmosis equipment and then the mixed bed and
the qualified demineralized water will be finally produced through precision filtration.
The concentrated water produced during the reverse osmosis process is taken as
deslagging water, and the residual acid and alkali liquid, after neutralization, is
drained to the cooling tank and discharged outside after its temperature falls.
Water quality index of the demineralized water:
Hardness ≈ 0 mol/L
Electricity conductivity ≤ 0.3μs/cm
Silicon dioxide ≤ 200μg/L
The water preparation is set in the water decontaminated room under the
discharge hall. Design one water preparation system with a water preparation capacity
of 20t/h which can operate both automatically and manually. The acid and alkali
liquid for the system shall be transported to the acid or alkali storage tank by trucks.
The main equipment include multi-medium filter, mixed bed, precision filter, raw
water tank, intermediate water tank, clean water tank, various pumps and acid or
alkali storage tank.
4.7.2 Power Supply System
This project has an annual generation capacity of 194.9 million KWh, 18% of
which is supply for the factory and 156 million KWh is expected to be sold.
In this phase, the electric generating plan plans to connect to the established
110kV electricity grid, and the former 110kV wire connection in Phase shall be
reconstructed. After reconstruction, the main supply is connected to the 110kV gold
cat through an 110kV cable and become an 110kV circuit. The spare wire, through an
110kV cable, contact with the GIS outgoing feeder, which forms two 110kV incoming
feeders. For the 110kV electric main connection mode, it is planned to adopt single
bus scheme. For the 10kV bus, sectionalized single-bus connection scheme is adopted.
The voltage at the outlet of the electric generator is 10.5kV, separately connected to
the sections and of the 10kV bus and finally connected into the grid after
increasing voltage through 25,000kVA and 20,000kVA.
For the 10kV station electric auxiliary system, the power plant plans to adopt
single bus the 10kV station high-voltage equipment and station transformer of boiler 6
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and boiler 7 are powered by the section of 10kV bus, and the new added No.1
generator shall be connected into section of the bus. The 10kV station high-voltage
equipment and station transformer of boiler 8 are powered by the section of 10kV
bus, and the new added No.2 generator shall be connected into section of the bus.
The 0.4kV station electric auxiliary system adopts sectionalized single-bus
connection. Single boiler corresponds to a single station working transformer and one
section of 0.4kV bus. Set one standby station transformer with the a capacity same as
that of the working transformer, corresponding one section of standby bus, and the
two buses are connected by a bus-bar switch.
4.7.3 Compressed Air System
The compressed air system is divided into compressed air for general use and
instrument compressed air. The compressed air for general use is used for
pneumatically transmission and blowing and the instrument compressed air is used for
instruments, meters and bag-type dust collectors, etc. Three non-lubricated air
compressors are set in the compressed air station, with same parameters: 0.8MPa,
24.0m3/minute.
Compressed air station is located inside of the main machine hall.
4.7.4 Storage and Transportation
The total transportation of Phase expansion project is about 806,300t/year,
and details are provided in the table below. The domestic waste of 659,300t/year,
combustion-supporting light diesel of 150t/year, lime of 7,875t/year, active carbon of
258t/year and ammonia water of 750t/year are transported in; ash and slag of
13.8t/year are transported out.
Table 4.7-2 Table of Annual Transportation Quantity Unit: ten thousand t/a
Items Quantity transported
in Item
Quantity
transportation out
Domestic waste 65.93 Ash 1.6
Combustion-supporting light
diesel 0.015 Slag 12.2
Lime 0.7875
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Active carbon 0.0258
Ammonia water 0.075
Total 66.8333 Total 13.8
4.7.4.1Fuel Storage
1 Storage in the garbage storehouse
A garbage dump pit is set in the plant of this project, covering an area of 23.7m ×
60.3m, and it can store 8,860 tons of garbage which can meet the treatment amount
demand for about 6 days. The garbage dump pit is enclosed to prevent odor from
escaping. And deodorizer shall be set.
There is a slope gradient of 2% in the width direction of the garbage dump pit. 6
grille doors are set near the garbage in-taking tank so as that the garbage sewage can
flow into the sewage tank along the sewage ditch through the grille doors. The odor in
the dump pit is extracted out by primary air fan and used as combustion-supporting air
in the incinerator.
2 Diesel storage
One 20m3 oil tank is set in the oil tank area of the existing project, which can
supply the fuel enough for starting up 3 incinerators of Phase at the same time.
Therefore, there is no need to add new oil house for Phase project.
4.7.4.2 Fuel Transportation
Similar to the existing project, the domestic waste are still transported by the
sealed haulage trucks and breech loading sealed haulage trucks in the environmental
sanitary administration of Suzhou from the designated garbage transfer stations to the
discharge hall expanded in this phase and discharged into the garbage storehouse. No
new transportation route is established for the Phase expansion project.
4.8 The Production and Discharge of Main Pollutants
4.8.1 The Production and Discharge of Wastewater
1 Wastewater source and treatment
The wastewater generated from the garbage incineration plant, by its source and
pollutant property, can be divided into high concentration organic wastewater and low
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concentration wastewater. The high concentration organic wastewater mainly comes
from the garbage leachate and the water for washing terrene and trucks, and the low
concentration wastewater is domestic sewage, water drained from the chemical water
treatment system, boilers and cooling tower.
Because the pollution factor from the garbage leachate is of high concentration
and complicated composition, according to the operation experience of the existing
project, this project plans to inject a small amount of leachate back to the incinerator,
the rest entering into the supporting leachate treatment station together with the water
washing terrace and trucks for advanced treatment. After reach the reusable water
quality standards, the leachate shall be reused as circulating cooling make-up water.
The domestic sewage shall be sent to the sewage treatment plant in new district
through pipeline. The water drained from the chemical water treatment system is used
for washing the terrace and trucks; water from circulating cooling system is used for
cooling the slag dragging machine and rushing slag; the water from steam-air system
of boiler is used for greening and road watering.
2 Wastewater generation and drainage
The maximum amount of the garbage leachate generated in summer of Phase
expansion project is about 374t/d, which enters into the leachate regulating basin
together with 68t/d of water washing discharge platform and trucks. Of which, 50t/d is
injected back to the incinerator and the rest 392t/d enters into the supporting leachate
pre-treatment station for treatment. The existing treatment technology is anaerobic
treatment + SBR + ultrafiltration membrane technology. In this upgrading and
reconstruction, “nanofiltration+reverse osmosis” technology is adopted. When the
leachate reaches the reusable water quality standards after advanced treatment, 462t/d
is reused as circulating cooling make-up water. The 24t/d of concentrated water is
injected into the incinerator for incineration.
The domestic sewage of 8t/d is sent to the sewage treatment plant in new district
through pipeline.
Based on the data of the existing project and like projects, the pollutant
concentration of leachate and water washing terrace and trucks of this project before
and after treatment are shown in Table 4.8-1. The pollutant concentration of all
streams of wastewater before and after treatment is shown in Table 4.8-2.
Table 4.8-1 Production and Treatment of Such high Concentration
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Wastewater as Leachate
Wastewater
name
Wastewater
amount
(t/a)
Pollutant production
Treatment mode
Reuse of pollutant
Main
pollutant
Concentration
(mg/L)
Amount
t/a
Main
pollutant
Concentration
(mg/L)
Reuse
amount
(t/a)
Leachate 124,542
COD 35000~50000 4,359~6,227
16,650t/a is injected back; of
the rest, after treated by the
anaerobic
treatment+SBR+ultrafiltration
membrane technology and
advanced treatment,
1,533,846t/d is reused and
7,992t/d of concentrated
water enters into the
incinerators for incineration.
Wastewater 153,846
BOD 12000 1,494.50 COD 60 /
SS 3000 373.63 BOD 10 /
NH3-N 2000 249.08 NH3-N 10 /
TP 250 31.14 TP 1 /
Water for
washing
truck and
terrace
7,992t/d
22,644
COD 5000 113.22
BOD 2000 45.29
SS 500 11.32
NH3-N 300 6.79
TP 20
0.45
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Table 4.8-2 Production and Drainage of All Streams of Wastewater of This Project
Wastewater
name
Wastewater
amount
(t/a)
Pollutant production
Treatment mode
Wastewater
drainage/reuse
amount
t/a)
Discharge/reuse of pollutants The place where the
wastewater is
discharged
Main
pollutants
Concentration
(mg/L)
Amount
t/a
Main
pollutants
Concentration
(mg/L)
Discharge
amount(t/a)
Leachate 124,542
COD 35000~50000 4,359~6,227
16,650t/a is injected back; of the rest, after treated by the
anaerobic treatment+SBR+ultrafiltration
membrane technology and advanced treatment,
153,846t/d is reused and 7,992t/d of concentrated
water enters into the incinerators for incineration.
153,846
COD 60 -
Reused as
circulating
cooling
make-up
water.
BOD 12000 1,494.50 BOD 10 -
SS 3000 373.63 NH3-N 10 -
NH3-N 2000 249.08 TP 1 - TP 250 31.14
Water for
washing
truck and
terrace
22,644
COD 5000 113.22
BOD 2000 45.29
SS 500 11.32
NH3-N 300 6.79
TP 20 0.45
Domestic
sewage 2,664
COD 400 1.07
/ 2,664
COD 400 1.07 Sent to the
sewage
treatment
plant
through
pipeline
BOD 200 0.53 BOD 200 0.53 SS 150 0.40 SS 150 0.40
NH3-N 35 0.09 NH3-N 35 0.09
TP
5 0.01
TP
5 0.01
Water 77,589 COD 50 3.88 / 77,589 COD 50 - Reused for
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drained
from the
cooling
tower
SS 20
1.55
SS 20
-
discharging
slag and
cooling
Water
drained
from
chemical
treatment
system
22,644
pH 10~11
/ 22,644
pH 10~11 -
Reused for
washing
trucks and
terrace
COD 50~100 1.13~2.26 COD 50~100 - BOD 20~50 0.45~1.13 BOD 20~50 -
SS 20~50 0.45~1.13 SS 20~50 -
Water
drained
from boiler
8,325 pH 10~11 - / 8,325 pH 10~11 -
Reused for
road
watering
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4.8.2 Production and Exhaustion of Waste Air
4.8.2.1 Flue Gas from Incinerators
The Phase expansion project adopts the incinerators and flue gas treatment
equipment same as those of existing project. Based on the supplementary monitoring
data after monitoring for acceptance and stable running of the existing project and
combining the “using new method to improve old one” measure and designed
parameters the Phase expansion project plans to adopt, the source intensity of the
pollutants in the flue gas of this expansion project is estimated in accordance with the
EU 2000 emission standard. The detailed monitoring data are presented in Section
3.6.1.
1 Components of flue gas
The domestic waste in our country are not classified effectively and have
complex component, especially the plastic package, battery, disused electronic
products which have many poisonous and harmful substance and are inclinable to
cause dust, acidic gas, heavy metal and dioxin to exhaust with flue gas during the
incineration, the harmful gases including NOx, SO2, HCl, HF, CO, etc. The main
component analysis on the flue gas goes as follows:
Dust
The ash and inorganic substances in the garbage produce dust during incineration,
part of which goes out of the incinerators with the flue gas flow. In addition, the lime
and active carbon powder injected in the incinerator during the flue gas incineration
forms dust when the flue gas becomes dry under high temperature. The larger part of
ash produced during the garbage incineration is discharged in the form of bottom ash.
After been purified in semi-dry neutralizing tower and bag-type dust collector, the
dusts of large granules are removed, and the discharged dusts are mainly PM10. Based
on the monitoring data, the dust discharge concentration is between 4.07~20.0 mg/m3.
During this expansion project, enterprises plan to reduce the amount of dusts in
exhaust air by improving combustion control system (controlling the times of stirring
the grate, strictly controlling air leakage and lowering the flow rate of flue gas); and
use the bag with high dust collection efficiency and clean the bag timely to keep the
average outlet density of dust under 10 mg/m3, thus the discharge amount of PM10 is
2.05kg/h, 16.37t/a.
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Acidic components
HCl: urban garbage contain plastic materials and many kinds of organic chloride
which are mainly generated through the thermal decomposition of organchlorine, for
example, PVC plastic, sterilized or bleached chlorine garbage will generate HCL
during combustion, while the chlorine element contained as chloride (such as NaCl) in
kitchen waste cannot produce HCL. Based on the monitoring data of the existing
project, the average emission concentration of HCL is 6.5mg/m3. This project has
further reduced the HCL concentration by adopting “using new method to improve
old one” measures and increasing dry deacidification procedures. According to the
design parameters, the removal rate of HCL can be improved to 96%, and the HCL
emission concentration estimated below 5.1mg/m3 which reaches the EU 2000
emission standard. Therefore, the emission amount is 1.04kg/h, 8.35t/a.
HF: fluorid is generated from the combustion of fluorocarbon in the garbage,
such as fluoroplastics and fluoride varnishes, etc, the formation mechanism of which
is similar to that of HCL, with little amount. Based on the monitoring data of the
existing project, the average emission concentration of HF is 0.95mg/m3, which
reaches the EU 2000 emission standard 1mg/m3. This project has further reduced the
HF concentration by adopting “using new method to improve old one” measures and
increasing dry deacidification procedures. According to the design parameters, the
removal rate of HCL can be improved to 96%, and the HCL emission concentration
can be strictly kept below1mg/m3. Therefore, the emission amount is 0.2kg/h, 1.64t/a.
SO2: according to the operating experience of the existing project, the light diesel
fuel is not consumed expect during the time of firing incinerator when the auxiliary
fuel is used. Therefore, the SO2 generated from the exhaust air incineration mainly
comes from the domestic waste. The sulfur contained in the domestic waste has been
greatly reduced after the Ban on Free Plastic Bags is implemented. Based on the
monitoring data of the existing project, the average emission concentration of SO2 is
10.5mg/m3, far below EU 2000 emission standard 50mg/m
3. This project has further
reduced the SO2 concentration by adopting “using new method to improve old one”
measures and increasing dry deacidification procedures. Therefore, the SO2 emission
concentration can be strictly kept below10mg/m3, with an annual emission amount of
16.37t/a.
NOx: mainly comes from the thermal decomposition and oxidizing combustion
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of nitrogen compound, the rest from thermal combustion (below 1100℃) of nitrogen
in air. This project adopts the SNCR denitration technology. According to the
monitoring data, the emission concentration of nitric oxides is lower than 170.7mg/m3.
Therefore, its emission concentration can be strictly kept below 180mg/m3 and the
emission amount of nitric oxides is 36.83kg/h, 294.62t/a.
CO: part of CO comes from the thermal decomposition of carbonide in the
garbage and the other part is from the imperfect combustion. The higher the garbage
combustion efficiency is, the smaller the CO content in the exhaust air becomes.
According to the monitoring data, the emission concentration of CO is lower than
37.5mg/m3 which are below EU 2000 emission standard 50mg/m
3. Therefore, its
emission concentration can be strictly kept below 50mg/m3 and the emission amount
of nitric oxides is 10.23kg/h, 81.84t/a.
Heavy metal
The heavy metals in the flue gas are generally generated from the thermal
decomposition of metallic compounds or metallic salts contained in the garbage
including mixed coating materials, printing ink, battery, luminous tube, mercury
materials and electronic circuit board, etc. The volatile metals include mercury, lead,
antimony, arsenic, copper, gallium, zinc and so on; nonvolatile metals include
aluminum, ferrum, barium, calcium, magnesium, kalium, silicon and titanium, etc.
Part of the volatile metals is discharged by being attached to flyash and the
nonvolatile metals are mainly present in the slag.
According to the monitoring data, the emission concentration of Cd and Hg is
lower than detection limit, and the emission concentration of Pb is lower than
0.05mg/m3; since the acceptance concentrations of Cd and Hg are lower than their
detection limits, in order to conservatively estimate the influence of heavy metal, the
emission amount of heavy metals in the exhaust air of this project is calculated on the
basis of design data. According to the design data, the emission concentration of Pb,
Hg and Cd are respectively controlled at 0.5mg/m3, 0.05mg/m
3 and 0.05mg/m
3. See
table 4.8-2.
Dioxins
Dioxin-Like compound refers to any of a class of compounds able to combine
with the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor Ah-R and cause a series of biochemical
reactions.
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During the incineration of domestic waste, the formation principle of dioxins is
considerably complicated. Domestic and overseas research findings so far are not
sufficient. The known formation routes probably are:
A. During the combustion, the dioxins are generated from chlorine precursors
which include polyvinyl chloride, chlorobenzene and pentachlorophenol, etc. During
the combustion, the dioxins can also be generated from the molecule of precursors by
decomposition, freeradical condensation or other molecular reaction. Most of these
dioxins can be decomposed in the high-temperature combustion conditions;
B. When superfluous unburning-out substances are generated in the flue gas due
to imperfect combustion and encounter adequate catalyzers (mainly are heavy metal,
especially copper) and a temperature environment of 300~500℃ , the dioxins
decomposed in high-temperature combustion will reform.
The pollution prevention techniques against dioxins can be divided into the
following three classes:
. Inhibit the formation of dioxins through improving combustion state;
. Let the high-temperature flue gas pass the heating surface at the boiler tail to
lower its temperature to about 160℃, after that the flue gas enters into the flue
gas treatment system, which can effectively avoid dioxins reformation in the
300~500℃ temperature environment;
. Adsorb the dioxin fine grains condensed in the low-temperature flue gas with
active carbon and collect them with dust collector.
This project, by adopting 3T technology, reduces and controls the formation of
dioxins from its source. Active carbon absorption is adopted in the flue gas treatment
system. According to the monitoring data, the emission concentration of dioxins is
lower than 0.079 ngTEQ /m3; therefore, after a series of pollution prevention
measures are implemented in this project, the concentration of dioxins in the exhaust
flue gas can reach the EU standard of 0.1ngTEQ/m3. Conservatively estimated with
EU standard, the maximum emission amount of dioxins is 20.46ugTEQ/h, 0.1637g/a.
For incinerating flue gas, this project adopts the treatment system of “SNCR
denitration+semi-dry deacidification+dry deacidification+active carbon
absorption+bag-type dust collector”, and the treated flue gas is discharged from the
80m 3-tube chimney. The formation and emission of exhaust gas are shown in Table
4.8-2.
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Table 4.8-1 Production and Treatment of Such high Concentration
Wastewater as Leachate
Wastewater
name
Wastewater
amount
(t/a)
Pollutant production
Treatment mode
Reuse of pollutant
Main
pollutant
Concentration
(mg/L)
Amount
t/a
Main
pollutant
Concentration
(mg/L)
Reuse
amount
(t/a)
Leachate 124,542
COD 35000~50000 4,359~6,227
16,650t/a is injected back; of
the rest, after treated by the
anaerobic
treatment+SBR+ultrafiltration
membrane technology and
advanced treatment,
153,3846t/d is reused and
7,992t/d of concentrated
water enters into the
incinerators for incineration.
Wastewater 153,846
BOD 12000 1,494.50 COD 60 /
SS 3000 373.63 BOD 10 /
NH3-N 2000 249.08 NH3-N 10 /
TP 250 31.14 TP 1 /
Water for
washing
truck and
terrace
7,992t/d
22,644
COD 5000 113.22
BOD 2000 45.29
SS 500 11.32
NH3-N 300 6.79
TP 20
0.45
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Table 4.8-2 Formation and emission of atmospheric pollutants in Phase expansion project
Emission
source Pollutants
Producing status
Treatment
measure
Removal
rate
%
Emission
Emission
standard
(mg/m3)
Emission parameter
Exhausted
gas amount
(Nm3/h)
Concentration
(mg/m3)
Formation
amount Concentration
(mg/m3)
Emission amount Height
(m)
Inner
diameter
(m)
Tempera
ture
(℃) kg/h t/a kg/h t/a
Incinerat
or
chimney
of Phase
expansio
n project
Dust
204,600
10000 2,046 16,368
SNCR
denitration+
semi-dry
deacidification+
dry
deacidification+
active carbon
absorption+
bag-type dust
collector
99.9 10 2.05 16.37 30
80 3tubes×
DN2.0 150
SO2 67 13.64 109.12 85 10 2.05 16.37 260
NOX 360 73.66 589.25 50 180 36.83 294.62 400
HCl 127.5 26.09 208.69 96 5.1 1.04 8.35 50
HF 10 2.05 16.37 90 1 0.20 1.64 2
CO 50 10.23 81.84 0 50 10.23 81.84 100
Pb 5 1.02 8.18 90 0.5 0.10 0.82 1.6
Hg 0.5 0.10 0.82 90 0.05 0.01 0.08 0.1
Cd 0.5 0.10 0.82 90 0.05 0.01 0.08 0.1
Dioxin - - - - ≤ 0.1ng
TEQ/Nm3
≤ 20.46
ug/h
≤0.1637
g/a
0.1ng
TEQ/m3
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4.8.2.2Offensive Odor
In this project, offensive odor mainly comes from garbage dump pit, garbage
weigh house and leachate treatment station, and the main components of the odor are
sulfide and low fat.
China’s Technical Code for Projects of Municipal Household Garbage
Incineration (CJJ90-2009) states that the effective capacity of garbage storage tank
shall be determined according to the rated incineration amount of 5-7days. The
garbage storage tank of this project can store 8,860 tons garbage (6 days). The
garbage dump pit is of enclosed reinforced concrete structure, with 6 discharge doors.
A forced gas-extraction system is set above the pit, and a negative pressure device is
set to control the accumulation of offensive odor. During the normal operation, the
gas in the enclosed garbage storage tank shall be extracted and used as
combustion-supporting air for incinerators. Thus, the odorous substances will
decompose in high temperature. As the incinerators consume a vast amount of
combustion-supporting air, the garbage storage tank can be kept in good negative
pressure state, and the offensive odor will not cause environmental pollution.
According to the monitoring results on the emission of offensive odor in the
garbage storage tank of this project, combing the relation between odor strength and
concentration and undertaking design and operation management in accordance with
the specification, the odor concentration [NH3] < 3.79mg/m3, [H2S] < 0.30mg/m
3.
Referring to the method of the measuring the odor pollutants amount of domestic
waste landfill, the estimates of production rate of odor from the garbage storage tank
is shown in Table 4.8-3.
Table 4.8-3 Estimates of Odor Production Amount
Odor
Formation source NH3 H2S
Garbage storage tank Summer 30℃ 0.049kg/h 0.0051kg/h
Winter 15℃ 0.035kg/h 0.0035kg/h
After the above control measures are implemented, the escape amount of
offensive odor has been largely reduced. Under normal circumstances, the amount of
offensive odor pumped into the incinerators by primary air fan accounts for 95% of
the production amount, and about 5% offensive odor unorganizedly spreads into the
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atmosphere.
Since the air in the garbage storage tank cannot be incinerated during the
incinerator shutdown and overhaul (all the 3 incinerators shut down) , in order to
prevent the odor escaping to the atmosphere, the garbage incineration plant is
equipped with double-circuit power supply to ensure no electricity failure while
incinerator shutdown. Therefore, exhaust system is set in the garbage storage tank to
ensure that the odor can be sent to the deodorization device in the main incineration
house during the incinerator shutdown. Finally the odor shall come to standards and
be discharged after purification and deodorization, with a removal rate of 70%.
Thus, the source intensity of the fugitive emission of NH3 and H2S is shown in
Table 4.8-4.
Table 4.8.4 Fugitive Emission Parameters of Odor NH3 and H2S
Position of
pollution source Pollutants
Fugitive
emission
area m2
Average
height
m
Source intensity of the fugitive
emission kg/h
Normal
condition
Abnormal
condition
Garbage storage
tank, discharge
platform
NH3
68*55=3,740 12
0.0025 0.0147
H2S
0.0003 0.0015
4.8.2.3 Fugitive Dusts
Located in the hazardous waste landfill, the supporting fly ash solidification
workshop is designed for solidifying the fly ash of the whole factory. The fly ash is
transported to the fly ash solidification workshop by tank wagon. The solidification
process is fully enclosed, and the raising dust, passing the dust collector, is discharged
from roof. The fly ash amount of this project is about 15,984t/a, and that of the
existing project is about 21,845t/a. Therefore, the total fly ash amount of the whole
factory is 37,829t/a, considering that the dust raising coefficient is 5% and the
efficiency of the bag dust collector is 99.9%, the emission amount of the fly ash of the
whole factory after passing the dust collector is 1.41t/a and the emission height of the
ash storehouse is 10m.
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Table 4.8-5 The Emission of the Fugitive Dust of the Project
No. Pollution
source
Pollutan
t Area m
2
Height
m
Generating capacity per
hour
Generating
capacity
kg/h t/a
1
Fly ash
solidification
workshop
Dust 48*25 =
1200 10
0.24 1.89
4.8.3 Noise
The main noise sources of the garbage incineration plant include exhaust-heat
boiler steam emptying pipe, high-pressure steam blow pipe, steam turbo generator net,
air fan (blowing fan and draft fan), air compressor, water pump, pipeline system and
garbage transportation vehicles, and the minor noise sources include crane, feed water
treatment equipment, flue gas cleaner and vibration screen, etc. In view of the
acoustical characteristics, most of the noises from the garbage incineration plant are
aerodynamical noise, and the next are electromagnetic vibration noise and mechanical
vibration noise. The frequency spectrum of the noise from the garbage incineration
plant is generally concentrated within the frequency range of 125~4,000Hz. The
range and positions of the A-weighted sound level of various noise sources are shown
in Table 4.8-6.
Table 4.8-6 The Newly Added Noise Source of the Phase Expansion
Project
Main noise sources Quantity
Sound
level
dB A
Minimum
distance from
the factory
boundary m
Treatment measures
Sound level
after noise
reduction
dB A
Boiler steam
emptying pipe 2 140 S 75 Buffle 100
Grip bucket crane
for lifting garbage 2 85 S 50
Sound insulation for
buildings 75
Air fan (blowing
fan and draft fan) 6 95 S 55
Install sound proof
box and baffle 85
Steam turbo 2 100 S 105 Sound insulation 90
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generator net devices and baffle
Air compressor
4 three for
operation
one for
standby
90 S、E 40 Sound insulation,
install baffle 80
Water pump 4 90 W 50 Sound insulation for
buildings 80
Cooling tower 3 85 S 55 - 85
4.8.4 Production and Treatment of Solid Wastes
The newly added solid wastes of this project mainly include slag from
incinerators, fly ash and domestic waste, with a total production capacity of
138,000t/a.
1 Slag
After been discharged from incinerator bottom, the slag of garbage incineration
passes the slag remover and then be cooled by water, and finally transported to the
slag disposal pit. According to the leaching test data conducted on the similar
domestic waste, the slag belongs to general solid waste and its main components are
oxide of silicon, calcium, aluminum, ferrum, manganese, natrium and phosphoric and
scrap metal. Based on the data on engineering design, the slag production capacity of
this project is 121,680t/a.
The slag shall be sent to the supporting slag multiple purpose brick field for
comprehensive utilization and made into ash-slag blocks.
2 Fly ash
During the garbage incineration, the fly ash are mainly from the convective
heating surface of the boiler as well as the gravity settling and rapping settling at the
tail, and also from fly ash (including the particulates contained in the flue gas and the
compound produced from the reaction between the particulates and lime, as well as
the active carbon powder for absorbing air pollution and so on) collected during the
deacidification and dust removal of flue gas purification system. The main
components of the fly ash include SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, such reaction resultants
as sulphate, sodium salt and sylvite, as well as such heavy metal elements as Hg, Mn,
Mg, Sn, Cd, Pb, Cr and dioxin at trace level and other kinds of pollutants, which
belong to hazardous wastes. The Circular on Further Strengthening Environment
Impact Assessment Management of Biomass Waste-to-Energy Projects (Ministry of
Environment Protection, National Development and Reform Commission, National
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130
Energy Board, Environment & Development No. 82, [2008]) states “actively
encourage the comprehensive utilization of incineration fly ash, but the technology
adopted shall ensure the complete destroy of dioxins, the effective fixation of heavy
metals and no secondary pollution during production and use.” The Standard for
Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Household Garbage specifies that “the fly
ash generated from household garbage incineration and the wastewater and slag from
medical wastes shall be treated in such a way that they can enter the household
garbage landfill (specific conditions omitted)”.
The fly ash of about 16,000t/a in this project shall be identified after
solidification and chelation. If it can reach the landfill standards in the Standard for
Pollution Control on the Landfill Site of Household Garbage (GB16889-2008), shall
be sent to Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site for sanitary landfills; if it does not meet the
above requirements, sent to Suzhou hazardous waste landfill for safe landfills.
3 Domestic waste
This project newly employs 65 persons. If the domestic waste produced from
routine office work and everyday life is calculated by 0.5kg/p·d, the domestic waste
will be about 10.2t/a, which shall be sent to the incinerators of this project for
incineration.
4 Waste active carbon residue
In this project, during the flue gas treatment, the trace quantity of dioxins and
heavy metal and other poisonous substances are absorbed by injecting active carbon.
The active carbon generally blend with fly ash, so it can be solidification after
collection, with a production amount of about 258t/a.
The production and treatment of solid wastes are shown in Table 4.8-7.
Table 4.8-7 Production of Solid Wastes
No. Waste name Production
(t/a)
Serial
No. Treatment method
1 Incinerator slag 121,680 72
Sent to brick field for comprehensive
utilization
2 Fly ash 15,984 HW18 Shall be identified after solidification
and chelation, those reach the landfill
standards shall be sent to domestic
waste landfill for sanitary landfills;
3 Waste active
carbon 258 HW18
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and those not meet the standards shall
sent to hazardous waste landfill.
4 Domestic waste 10.2 99 Incinerated in the factory
Total 137,932.2 -
4.8.5 Discharge of Pollutants under Abnormal Conditions
The abnormal working conditions of this project mainly include the following
conditions: first, the semi-dry flue gas treatment facility supported for the incinerators
cannot reach the normal treatment efficiency; second, the accidental discharge of
dioxin when the incinerators do not operate steadily; third, the accidental discharge of
odor when the incinerators are shutdown for overhaul; four, the leachate leakage
accident.
4.8.5.1When the Treatment Efficiency of the Semi-dry Flue Gas
Treatment Facility Decreases
In this project, it is planned to adopt the semi-dry reaction tower and bag-type
dust collector to purify the flue gas and the main equipment include semi-dry
neutralizing tower, bag-type dust collector, draft fan and neutralizer feeding system
and so on. After the waste air passes the flue gas purification system, the smoke (mill)
dust, chlorine hydride and other gases in the flue gas will be exhausted out to the
atmosphere through a chimney with a height of 80 meters. Under the normal
condition, the dust removal rate of the flue gas purification system is 99.9%, and the
removal rate of chlorine hydride is 95%. The man-made or mechanical failures which
probably occur in the flue gas treatment system will directly influence the operation of
flue gas purification system.
Under the normal conditions, if the removal rates of PM10 and chlorine hydride
are respectively 99.9% and 96%, the emission rates of PM10 and chlorine hydride are
3kg/h. If the removal rates of PM10 and chlorine hydride under the abnormal
conditions are respectively 90% and 80%, the emission rates of PM10 and chlorine
hydride respectively are 300kg/h and 15kg/h.
4.8.5.2The Emission of Dioxin When the Incinerators Are Not
Running Steadily
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Theoretically speaking, when the retention time of flue gas in 850℃ reaches 2
seconds, most organic substances can burn out thoroughly in the incinerators,
generating little dioxin. However, the incinerators cannot operate steadily and
continuously when start up (temperature rise) and shut down (blow out), and thus will
generate dioxin.
In this project, ignition (closed incinerator) will start up the ignition combustion
system. If the measures are not been put into force, the concentration and production
capacity of the dioxin generated during the garbage incineration will be apparently
higher than those in normal conditions. According to the relevant data --- the tests
conducted in Britain’s six companies on the garbage incinerator starting under
abnormal working condition, when the incinerator starts, the concentration of dioxin
at the outlet of the incinerator is 2 or 3 times higher than that under normal working
condition. In consideration of the extreme unfavorable conditions, if active carbon
absorption and bag-type dust collector cannot run normally at this time, the maximum
emission concentration of dioxin at the outlet of chimney can reach 5ngTEQ/Nm3. At
this point, the amount of waste gas is about 240,000m3/h, lower than that under
normal conditions; and the emission capacity of dioxin is 1,200ugTEQ/h, the duration
time not exceeding one hour. The accident of this kind is caused because the
production control is ineffective, temperature of incinerator is too low, the CO content
in flue gas is too high, and the active carbon absorption and bag-type dust collector
cannot run normally. Therefore, the probability of this accident is extreme low.
The emission source intensity of incineration flue gas under accidental
conditions is shown in Table 4.8-8.
Table 4.8-8 Atmospheric Pollutant Source Intensity under Abnormal
Conditions
Amount of
flue gas
Nm3/h
Pollutant
Removal
rate
%
Emission Emission parameters
Concentration
(mg/m3)
Emission
rate kg/h
Height
(m)
Inner
diameter
(m)
Temperature
(℃)
300,000
HCl 80 50 15
80 3tubes ×
DN2.0 150 Dust 90 1000 300
240,000 Dioxin - 5ngTEQ/Nm3 1,200ug/h
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4.8.5.3 The Offensive Odor Emission When the Incinerators Shut
down
In general circumstance, the 3 sets of incinerator systems established in this
project will not be put into overhaul at the same time, and the odor from the garbage
dump pit is extracted by air fan to the incinerators for incineration. However, in the
circumstance where all the three incinerators shut down, emergency measures shall be
taken for treating the odor. When the boiler stops due to accident or overhaul, the gas
exhausted from the garbage dump pit shall be given deodorization treatment, with an
air change rate of about 1~1.5 times/h, adopting the active carbon exhaust gas
cleaner to remove odor. The active carbon exhaust cleaner is divided into inlet section,
filtration section and outlet section. After enter from the inlet, the odor will be filtered
in the filtration secretion where active carbon exists, with most organic exhaust gas
absorbed to the active carbon grains and final discharged into atmosphere. The
deodorization device is installed on the roof of the building near the garbage pit. The
garbage pit is 100m away from the exhaust funnel of the incinerator, and there is no
enough power for incinerator to draw the odor in the exhaust funnel and discharge, so
the odor shall be discharged nearly after been deodorized on the roof of the building
near the garbage pit.
The main components of the odor are NH3 and H2S. Based on the monitoring
data of similar projects, the emission of odor under accidental conditions is shown in
Table 4.8-4.
4.8.5.4The Abnormal Discharge of Leachate
Considering that the leakage accident takes place in the sewage tank for leachate
of the construction project and if the wastewater leakage time is 30 minutes, the
concentration of COD in the leachate is 41,000mg/L, and the amount of pollutant
COD actually leaked is 854.17kg.
4.8.6 Reduction of Pollutants by Using New Method to Improve Old
One
1 Reduction of exhaust emission
This project is domestic waste incineration project, with certain environmental
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sensitivity. In order to increase the domestic waste treatment capacity without
increasing pollution in air environment, Everbright Environmental Protection Energy
(Suzhou) Co., Ltd plans to, with the existing project reaching the standards, further
improve its performance and take the following measures of “using new method to
improve old one” in the Phase expansion project to ensure that the concentration
of the dust in the incineration flue gas can reach EU 2000 emission standard. On this
basis, the dust emission amount of Phase and Phase will be reduced so as to
keep the emission amount of air pollutants of the whole factory under the existing
total amount ratified after the completion of Phase expansion project.
The main measures of “using new method to improve old one” against waste gas
include: (1) improve the combustion control technology---to reduce the dust amount
in the exhaust gas by controlling the times of stirring state, strictly controlling the air
leakage amount and reducing the flow rate of flue gas; (2) select the bag of high
efficiency of dust collection and clean the bag in time to ensure that the emission
concentration of flue gas can reach EU 2000 Standard; (3) add the dry deacidification
system and inject lime hydrate into the air flue before the flue gas enters into the air
flue to further reduce the emission amount of HCL and other acidic gas in the dust.
Based on the flue gas amount monitored for the acceptance of Phase and
Phase and EU 2000 standards of emission connection, the changes on the
emission amount of air pollutants of the existing project after the completion of
measures of “using new method to improve old one” are shown in Table 4.8-9.
Table 4.8-9 The Changes on the Emission Amount of Air Pollutants of the
Existing Project after the Completion of Measures of “Using New Method to
Improve Old One”
Emission
source Pollutant
Emission after technical
upgrading
Current situation of
emission Emission
reduction
t/a
Emission
concentration
(mg/m3)
Emission
amount
t/a
Average
monitored
concentration
(mg/m3)
Emission
amount
t/a
Incineration
chimney of
the existing
Dust 10 23.58 17.9 38.08 14.50
SO2 10 17.30 10.5 18.17 1
NOX 170.7 362.30 170.7 362.3 0
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project HCl 5.1 8.56 6.5 10.91 2.35
HF 0.95 2.02 0.95 2.02 0
CO 37.5 90.29 37.5 90.29 0
Pb 0.05 0.12 0.05 0.12 0
Hg 0.003 0.006 0.003L 0.006 0
Cd 0.002 0.004 0.002 0.004 0
Dioxins ≤0.073ngTE
Q/Nm3
≤0.19g/a ≤0.073ngTEQ/
Nm3
≤0.19g/a 0
2 Reduction of water pollutants
While constructing the Phase expansion project, it is planned to upgrade the
existing leachate treatment station and add the advanced treatment technique of
“nanofiltration+reverse osmosis”. After advanced treatment, if the leachate meets the
standard for the make-up water for the open circulating cooling water system
specified in The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water. ―Water Quality Standard For
Industrial Uses (GB/T19923-2005); it can be reused as circulating cooling water.
The upgrading can reduce the emission amount of leachate of the existing project
by 656t/d, which is shown in Table 4.8-10.
Table 4.8-10 Changes on the Wastewater Discharge of the Existing Project
after the Completion of “using new method to improve old one”
Discharge
source Pollutants
The reuse after
technical
upgrading
Current situation of discharge
Reduction
of discharge
t/a Concentration of
the water reused
(mg/m3)
Concentration
of water
through
pipeline
(mg/m3)
Discharge
amount
t/a
Wastewater
after
leachate
treatment
Amount of
wastewater 218,448 218,448
COD 60 500 109.22 109.22
BOD5 10 300 65.53 65.53
SS / 400 87.38 87.38
NH3-N 10 35 7.65 7.65
TP 1 8 1.75 1.75
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4.9 Summary of Pollutant Discharge
4.9.1 “Three Accounts” of the Pollutants of Phase Expansion
Project
The “Three Accounts” of the pollutants of this project are shown in Table 4.9-1.
Table 4.9-1 List of the “Three Accounts” of the Pollutant of This Project
Unit: t/a
Category Name of
pollutant
Production
amount
Reduction
amount
Pollutant
amount
discharged
through
pipeline
Final
discharge
amount
Wastewater
Amount of
wastewater
m3/a
258,408 255,744 2,664 2,664
COD 4,478.27 4,477.20 1.07 0.13
BOD5 1,540.78 1,540.24 0.53 0.03
SS 387.35 386.95 0.40 0.03
NH3-N 255.97 255.88 0.09 0.01
TP 31.60 31.59 0.01 0.001
Waste gas
Dust 16,368 16,351.63 / 16.37
SO2 109.12 92.75 / 16.37
NOX 589.25 294.63 / 294.62
HCl 208.69 200.34 / 8.35
HF 16.37 14.73 / 1.64
CO 81.84 0 / 81.84
Pb 8.18 7.36 / 0.82
Hg 0.82 0.74 / 0.08
Cd 0.82 0.74 / 0.08
Dioxins - - / 0.1637g/a
Solid waste
Industrial solid
waste 137,922 137,922
/
0
Domestic waste 10.2 10.2 / 0
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4.9.2 Collection of the Pollutants of the Whole Factory after the
Completion of Phase Expansion Project
The accounting of “Three Accounts” of the pollutants of the whole factory after
the completion of this project is shown in Table 4.9-2. It is clear from the table that
the discharge amount of the pollutants of this project can be balanced in the existing
total amount ratified for the whole factory.
Table 4.9-2 Statistics of the Discharge Amount of Pollutants before and after
the Expansion of the Factory t/a
Category Name
Discharge of
the established
projects
This project Reduction
through
the
measures
of “using
new
method to
improve
old one”
Amount
discharged
from
pipeline of
the whole
factory
Discharge
amount
of the
whole
factory
Ratified
total
amount
Production
amount
Reduction
amount Or
disposal
amount
Discharge
amount
Wastewater
Amount of
wastewater 227,772 258,408 255,744 2,664 218,448 11,988
11,988
104,590*
COD 113.89 4,478.27 4,477.20 1.07 109.22 5.73
0.60 89.96*
BOD5 68.33 1,540.78 1,540.24 0.53 65.53 3.33 0.12
SS 91.11 387.35 386.95 0.40 87.38 4.13 0.12 37.17*
NH3-N 7.97 255.97 255.88 0.09 7.65 0.42 0.06 3.5*
TP 1.82 31.60 31.59 0.01 1.75 0.09 0.01
Waste gas
Dust 38.08 16,368 16,351.63 16.37 14.5 39.95 48.21
SO2
18.17 109.12 92.75 16.37 1 33.54 247
NOX 362.3 589.25 294.63 294.62 0 656.92 694.1
HCl 10.91 208.69 200.34 8.35 2.35 16.91 19.29
HF 2.02 16.37 14.73 1.64 0 3.66
CO 79.60 81.84 0 81.84 0 161.44
Pb 0.11 8.18 7.36 0.82 0 0.93
Hg 0.006 0.82 0.74 0.08 0 0.086
Cd 0.004 0.82 0.74 0.08 0 0.084
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Dioxin 0.19g/a - - 0.1637g/a 0 0.3537g/a 0.3855g/a
Solid waste
Industrial
solid waste 0 137,922 137,922 0 0
0
Domestic
waste 0 10.2 10.2 0 0
0
*Note: in the former assessment report and written reply, the leachate shall be sent to leachate treatment plant set in Qizishan landfill
for treatment, therefore, the total amount ratified for wastewater and water pollutants of the existing project does not include the
discharge amount of leachate.
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5 Comment on Pollution Prevention Measures
5.1 Comment on Air Pollution Prevention Measures
The waste gases of the project are flue gases produced from destructor, which
contains many pollutants, mainly acid waste gases (SO2, HCl and HF, etc.), smoke and
dust, NOX, CO, heavy metal (Hg, Cd and Pb, etc.) and dioxin and so on.
Air pollution prevention primarily focuses on reducing pollutant generation from
the source: Phase expansion project uses the same reciprocating grate furnace
system with hydraulic control gear as the existing project. Each grate bar is divided
into 3 sections: the first section is drying zone, the second is preheating zone and the
third is burning zone. Each section is composed of fixed grate bar and movable grate
bar, overlapping with each other. Primary air could blow from the –lower-grate bar
into it to provide oxygen for burning rubbish and cool off the grate bar. The structure
of this grate enables rubbish to be stirred, smashed up and fully contacted with oxygen.
Burning control program can adjust the rolling speed of the grate and primary air rate
in each section automatically, make primary air pressure up to optimum proportions
and ensure the fully burning of domestic waste on the basis of burning conditions
inside of the furnace. This process could give off a mass of heat which keeps the
whole furnace at a higher temperature (above 850℃) and reduces the production of all
kinds of pollutants effectively, such as CO and organic pollutant, etc. To guarantee a
fully decomposition of hyperoxic-organic pollutant, the upper furnace is designed
with a vertical flue of nearly 20m in height (the first channel of burning boiler), which
makes flue gases stay more than 2 seconds above 850℃, and an auxiliary air (its
temperature is adjustable) snout is allocated at the access point of this flue, which can
make full mixing of flue gases (in 3T control method). A burner is placed above the
left and right side wall of auxiliary air snout respectively. As the heat output from
rubbish burning is lower, the burner would be put into use automatically to ensure flue
gases stay at least 2 seconds above 850℃. Through the above measures, a majority of
organic pollutants produced in burning process could be broken down and
decomposed and the final density of organic pollutants, especially dioxin, in boiler
exit could be decreased maximally.
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On the basis of the current project operation experience of Everbright
Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, the inside of furnace adopted the
SNCR denitration system with ammonia as deoxidizer to decline the emission of NOx.
Semi-dry process deacidification tower + dry process deacidification+ activated
carbon absorption+bag type collector are used for dealing with flue gases in the
burning furnace, which can ensure that the emission of incineration flue gases are
stable, reliable and can reach its standards. Each burning furnace has one set of fume
treatment system.
5.1.1 Control of NOx
The NOX produced in burning process are mainly in three ways: thermal NOx is
produced from nitrogen of the air by oxidation at high temperature; fuel NOx is
produced from nitrogen compound contained in the fuel material by oxidation after
thermal decomposition in the burning process; prompt NOx is produced by the
reaction of nitrogen of the air with hydrocarbon in the burning process. Presently,
NOx control technology mainly contains all sort of low NOx burning technologies,
such as air-staged combustion, fuel-staged combustion, and flue gas denitrification
technology, such as SCR and SNCR, etc.
SNCR, i.e. selective non catalyst reduction technology, could reduce NOx into
nitrogen and water by chemical reaction, without catalyst, at high temperature
(850~1100℃) through puffing -NH3 reducer like nitrogen and urea solutions into flue
gases.
According to the Circular on Further Strengthening Environment Impact
Assessment Management of Biomass Power Generation Projects,
Environmental-development No. 82, 2008, it is required “to build up domestic waste
project in metropolis areas or areas where control of NOx is specially required, and to
set up necessary denitration unit. In other areas, it is expected to leave room for NOx
deprivation”. In Jul. 2009, Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co.,
Ltd introduced the destructor flue gases denitration technology and key equipment,
which can be used for the transformation of SNCR denitration technology for the
existing 5 sets of destructors with ammonia as reducer, from Sweden Petro Miljö
Company. This transformation is general contracted, carried out and finished by
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Shanghai Techspray Co., Ltd. The denitration system is steadily operated now and the
average volume of NOx emission is controlled below 150mg/m3.
Phase expansion project will use the same denitration technology as the
existing project, which can reach the density requirement of 180mg/m3 for NOx in the
EU 2000 Standard and is far below the 400mg/m3 standard defined in the
GB18485-2001 Standards for Pollution Control on Domestic Waste Burning.
5.1.2 Control of Acid Gases
On the basis of the existing project processing unit, with the measure of “using
new method to improve old one”, acid gases are control by adopting Semi-dry process
deacidification tower + dry process deacidification methods.
Quench tower
Flue gases discharged from the flue of exhaust-heat boiler are still of high
temperature. After entering the quench tower, they can be cooled off to the appropriate
temperature to keep a higher efficiency in the latter reaction.
Spraying system of lime slurry
This system is composed of lime storage bin, connecting pipeline and lime slurry
sprayer, etc., which is used for supplying the three burning line of Phase
expansion project. Lime (CaO) is sent into lime storage bin through pneumatic system,
with antibridging device set on the top. And then, spraying lime slurry into the
reaction tower to make deacidification reaction. The spraying volume of lime slurry is
controlled by the online flue gases monitor system and temperature instrumentation in
the absorbing tower exit.
Semi-dry neutralization reaction tower
The inside of this device is equipped with lime slurry nozzle and water nozzle.
The lime slurry sprayed in the reaction tower, after being atomized, is of very
large specific surface which can fill up the space of the whole tower, hence ensures
the fully contact of absorbent with flue gases. In the lime slurry mist, flue gases
occurs deacidification reaction with Ca(OH)2, and acid gases, such as SOx, HCl and
HF, etc. are removed after occurring neutralization reaction with Ca(OH)2. At the
same time, temperature of flue gases presents further decline. Through the treatment,
flue gases are released from the upper tower. At the horizontal flue, there is a cyclone,
which separates part of the flue gases back into tower for further reaction to improve
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the reaction efficiency, leaving the remaining gases enter into a bag dust collector
through connecting flue.
As semi-dry desulfurization method is adopted, the utilization efficiency of
neutralizer (dry powder) inside deacidification tower is of larger improvement in
extent than dry desulfurization, which accelerates the efficiency of neutralization
reaction and increases the deprivation rate of acid gases. The advantages of semi-dry
flue gases reaction tower in this project are as follows:
1. Depickling neutralizer is supplied in form of dry powder, thus avoids the
complex and cloggy pulping system. In addition, it is easy to operate and maintain
and of low failure rate;
2. Depickling neutralization products are discharged in form of solid grain
avoided the complex and costly wastewater treatment equipment and further reduced
the constructing and operating cost;
3. The existing project runs stably and reaches the standards with guaranteed
maintenance.
Dry deacidification
With the measure of “using new method to improve old one”, this project adds a
dry deacidification system. Jet slaked lime into its storage bins through pipelines; and
then, adjust the dosing through air conveying distributor; finally, spray them into the
front flue of cloth bag through the roots blower and spraying pipeline, to go for
further acid gases removing from flue gases.
With reference to the existing project operation monitoring data, the efficiency of
semi-dry deacidification in Phase and is about 78%.; And with reference to the
data supplied by equipment supplier and the design data that efficiency of dry
deacidification is above 82%. Therefore, the removing rate of acid gases can reach
96% through semi-dry deacidification tower +dry deacidification measures. By
replacing the old by the new, all sorts of acid gases emission can reach the discharge
concentration standards of EU2000.
5.1.3 Control of Heavy Metal Species and Particulate Matter
The key point to prevent pollution is to control the generation of pollutants from
its source. Hence, in applying the measure of “using new method to improve old one”
in this project, productions of smoke and dust matters in waste gases are declined by
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improving burning control system — taking measures such as control the frequency
of stirring grate, control air leak volume strictly and reduce flue gases’ velocity.
Heavy metal pollutants exist in flue gases in forms of solid and gas. As flue gases
temperature drops, part of the gas matters would transform into solid and liquid
granula that can be collected by bag type collector. However, for heavy metals with
high volatility, e.g. Hg, there is still part of them exist in flue gases in form of gas
even though the fume cleaning system is operated at the lowest temperature. In such
case, it needs to be absorbed by active carbon and removed by bag type collector
finally. According to the operating experience, heavy metal pollutants could achieve
better cleaning effect as fume cleaning system runs at the lower limit of controlling
temperature.
Bag type collector can separate fly ash in flue gases, reactant in reaction tower
and active carbon absorbed with heavy metals and organic pollutants. With reference
to the existing project operation monitoring data, the existing dust collection
efficiency, by using bag type collector in Phase and is around 98%. Phase
expansion project is planned to use new high efficient bag filter to improve old one.
According to the data supplied by equipment supplier, this type of filter is of
favorable system design and stable operation, with dust collection efficiency above
99.9%, which could guarantee that the discharge of particulate matters can reach the
national standards.
Highly active PTFE laminating bag, which this project adopted, is the advanced
bag type collector relatively at present. Laminating surface is smooth and able to bear
chemical species. Covered to the surface of general filter material, it could act as a
disposable dust layer; dust could be fully trapped in the laminating surface, thus
filtering in the surface layer can be fulfilled; in addition, owing to the smooth
laminating surface, it is of mighty chemical stability—anti-aging, hydrophobic, which
makes the dust trapped in its surface easy to flake off and prolongs the performance
life of filter material. Compared with general filter materials, its advantages are: 1.
Laminating aperture is between 0.2μm and 3μm, so that its filtering efficiency could
reach above 99.99% on the average, nearly close to zero release. Porosity won’t be
changed after removing ash, which keeps its dust collection efficiency at high level. 2.
At first using of laminating filter material, its pressure loss is more than general filter
materials. After putting it into service, its loss changes little with the using time going,
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however, the loss from general materials would increase with the extend in using time.
3. In using general filter materials, it’s easy for dust to enter into it and piles up until
the pore is plugged firmly and couldn’t carry on working. But, in using PTFE
laminating material, the filterable dust is easy to be removed from the surface. With
its fine deashing effect, long cycle and low deashing pressure intensity, laminating
filter’s performance life is prolonged. In addition, product operating cost is also
declined.
5.1.4 Control of Dioxin
5.1.4.1Theoretical Basis
Dioxin Matter
In a broad sense, dioxin species belongs to polychlorobiphenyl (PCB), however,
it is separated into a single species for its particularity. In general, dioxin refers to
polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran
(PCDFs). According to the atomicity that replaced H atom and their locations, PCDDs
has 75 substitutive derivatives, and that of PCDFs is 135.
PCDD/Fs are a sort of three-ring aromatic organic compound with high toxicity.
It is solid at normal temperature and pressure, and characterized by its higher smelting
point, water insoluble and fat soluble, hence, PCDD/Fs are easy to be accumulated in
living body. Furthermore, they are easy to be absorbed by surface of earth and mineral.
In normal environment, they are rather stable with low biological metabolism process.
Though in the same sort of dioxin chlorides, there are large differences in their
physical and chemical property. Even between the isomers of the same
polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins also exists obvious variation in their nature.
Toxicity and Poison Mechanism
The toxicity of all dioxins isomers is different from each other, in which 2, 3, 7,
8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD) is the strongest, characterized by
colorless or white crystalline solid, up to 1000 times of the toxicity of potassium
cyanide. Therefore, it is called the poison with the strongest toxicity on earth.
Presently, the toxicity of 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD is defined as 1 in the international, and
the relative toxicity of its isomer is figured in toxicity equivalent factor (TEF), see
table 5.1-1.
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Table 5.1-1 International Toxicity Equivalent Factor of Dioxin
Dioxin International toxicity
equivalent factor
PCDDs
2 3 7 8-TCDD 1
1 2 3 7 8-PeCDD 0.5
1 2 3 4 7 8-HxCDD 0.1
1 2 3 6 7 8-HxCDD 0.1
1 2 3 7 8 9-HxCDD 0.1
1 2 3 4 6 7 8-HpCDD 0.01
1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9-OCDD 0.01
PCDFs
2 3 7 8-TeCDF 0.1
1 2 3 7 8-PeCDF 0.05
2 3 4 7 8-PeCDF 0.5
1 2 3 4 7 8-HxCDF 0.1
1 2 3 6 7 8-HxCDF 0.1
1 2 3 7 8 9-HxCDF 0.1
2 3 4 6 7 8-HxCDF 0.1
1 2 3 4 6 7 8-HpCDF 0.01
1 2 3 4 7 8 9-HpCDF 0.01
1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9-OCDF 0.001
Other PCDDs and PCDFs 0
Formation Principle of PCDDs,PCDFs
According to relevant studies, the followings are the formation principle of
dioxin in burning rubbish:
Pyrosynthesis: i.e. PCDD is formed at high temperature gas phase.
As refuse come into the initial dry stage in incinerator, except from water, low
boiling point organism with carbon and hydrogen components would react with
oxygen in the air to make water and CO2. This comes into being oxygen deficit
temporarily, which makes part of the organism react with HCl to produce PCDD. In
incinerate technological standards, hypoxia status is estimated per concentration of
CO.
De novo synthesis: at low temperature (250~350℃), macromole carbon (carbon
residue) reacts with organic or inorganic chlorine in the matrices of fly ash to produce
PCDD. In carbon residue oxidizing, 65%~75% of which are transformed into CO
and about 1% chlorbenzene and then converted into PCDD. For carbons in fly ash, the
higher gasification rate of that, the more production of PCDD.
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Precursor synthesis: incomplete combustion and misproportion catalytic reaction
in fly ash surface can form many kinds of organic gas phase precursor, e.g.
polystream phenol and diphenyl oxide, and then these precursors would be further
reacted to PCDD. In the early fly ash, which produces aluminosilicate after burning at
high temperature, there are fixed transition metal and carbon residue. Fly ash granula
forms into a large absorbing surface. While it is out of the furnace for cooling off,
many surface reactions occurs among products of incomplete combustions on the
granula surface, and between products of incomplete combustion and other precursors;
and alternately, fixed metal and its metal-salt occurs many condensation reactions to
make surface active chloride. Then PCDD is made by absorbing in the surface of
flying granula through many complex organic reactions. The temperature used to
burning refuse is 750℃. In the case of oxygen excess, it’s the most possible time to
make incomplete combustions.
In practice, it depends on furnace lines, operating state and combustion condition
to estimate the leading mechanism. To sum up, the precondition to produce PCDD is:
there must be organic or inorganic chlorine, oxygen, and transition-metal cation being
catalyst.
Accordingly, production of PCDD/Fs is mainly caused by chlorine sources in
rubbish and incomplete combustion. To sum up, the precondition to produce
PCDD/Fs is: there must be organic or inorganic chlorine, oxygen, and transition-metal
cation being catalyst; in particular, copper plays a decisive role in the fly ash catalytic
reaction occurred in burning process.
Therefore, there are three ways that can be used to keep PCDD/Fs from being
produced:
Improve combustion condition by reducing PICs and carbon residue volume;
Prevent chlorination process (including measures like spraying ammonia, etc.);
Prevent biaryl synthesis (poisoning the catalyst by spraying ammonia, etc.).
Combustion and decomposition of organic unfriendly materials
In the process of domestic waste incineration, many unfriendly materials (POHC)
are produced, among which PCDD and PCDF are of enormous toxicity and
carcinogenic. After being discharged with flue gases, they would migrate in the
environment, occurring chemical reaction, photochemical reaction and metabolism
and biodegradation, and be accumulated up permanently with character of durability.
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At present, organic unfriendly materials that attracted universal attentions are
mainly methylbenzene, chlorethene, dioxin and dioxin-like chlordiphenyl (PGBS), etc.
Those materials could be broken down and decomposed at high temperature. The fail
temperatures are shown in table 5.1-2.
Table 5.1-2 Data Sheet on Fail Temperature of POHC
POHC Lower limiting
temperature
Spontaneous
ignition
temperature
At failure rate of 99.99%, the
temperature stays at
1 second 2 seconds
Acrolein 430 234 549 524
Acrylonitrile 677 418 729 703
Propenol 566 378 635 580
Allyl chloride 621 485 691 649
Benzene 690 562 733 717
Chlorbenzene 621 389 667 646
1 2 dichloroethane 732 638 764 744
Ethane 582 413 658 634
Alcohol 692 515 742 720
Ethyl acrylate 677 423 708 680
Ethene 538 383 611 589
Ethyl formate 649 450 720 694
Ethanethiol 593 455 644 618
2 3 6
7—tetrachlorodibenzene 371 299 712 789
Chloromethane 649 537 840 808
Methyl ethyl ketone 815 632 869 823
Propane 649 516 699 675
Propene 649 466 721 704
Toluene 649 455 714 675
Spasmolytol 690 536 727 702
Vinyl acetate 510 232 594 570
Chlorethene 621 427 662 692
5.1.4.2 Countermeasures of Dioxin Prevention in This Project
Pollution prevention techniques of dioxin can be concluded into the following
three categories:
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1. Prevent dioxin-like matters from being produced through improving
combustion condition.
Incinerator in this project achieves “Three T” control principles, namely,
turbulent mix burned gas with air, enough burning time and combustion-air supply
that is available in high-temperature zone, and good assurance to prevent dioxin-like
matters from being produced.
Incinerating gas stays above 2s inside the furnace and combustion zones above
secondary air; temperature of flue gases is above 850℃; ensure plenty of oxygen
supply; make sure to meet the requirement of “temperature at the exit of gas is no
lower than 850℃ and staying time of gas shouldn’t be less than 2s” as per Pollution
Control Standards of domestic waste Combustion, GB18485-2001 . In such case,
production of dioxin could be reduced effectively.
2. Absorb precursors surviving in end gas and prevent it from re-synthesis into
dioxin-like matters by adopting high efficient incinerating flare system.
High-temperature flue gases produced from combustion could be cooled to about
190℃ after entering into quench tower. Such case can effectively prevent it from
re-synthesis into dioxin-like matters at temperature of 300~500℃.
3. Absorb dioxin granulae clotted in low temperature flue gases by active carbon,
and collect them by dust collector.
To further enhance the removing effect, it is needed to use active carbon as
absorbent and set-up transmission, metering, anticlogging and spraying devices for
active carbon powder. According to the accept and routine monitoring data of Phase
project, emission control measures adopted in this project can effectively keep the
discharge volume of dioxin below 0.1ngTEQ/Nm3
(see table3.6-3) and reach the
emission standards of EU.
To sum up, since the combustion temperature of this project is strictly keeps
above 850℃ and the time flue gases staying in furnace is no less than 2s, with stable
combustion, dioxin production is avoided effectively. With the following quenching
measure, dioxin re-synthesis is prevented significantly. Through the final absorbing by
active carbon in effluent gas treatment system, concentration of dioxin is further
declined. All the process guaranteed the reaching of emission standards.
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5.1.5 On-line Flue gases Monitoring Devices
On-line flue gases monitoring device system can analysis the emission of source
pollution gas monitor the discharge amount in succession online, as well as many
criterions such as gas parameter, dust loading and gas pollutant, etc. Its functions are
real-time display, listing parameters, printing report forms, storing and displaying
historical data, analyzing graphic chart and diagram, overproof alarm, accident alarm,
status display and identification, etc.; The system data can be shared through
MODEM/GPRS remote transmission or connecting with other computers within the
local area network. The system is of anti-correction and standardization functions.
Online monitor device mainly checks the relating parameters of smoke and dust
(granula matters), SO2, NOX, CO and HCl concentrations, flue gas amount,
temperature, humidity and oxygen content, etc., and count emission rate and total
emission.
It is clear that, in this project, gas enters into the bag type collector finally
through the process of denitration in heat recovery boiler, incinerating the end gases
in semi-dry fume reaction tower, dry deacidification, and then absorbing by active
carbon. Through this process, most of the smoke and dust and unfriendly matters are
removed. At last, gas that reaches the emission standard after cleaning is discharged
into the air through a three-tube chimney of 80m in height.
5.1.6 Control of Malodor
5.1.6.1Control Malodor under Normal Operating Condition
Malodor in destructor plant is mainly derived from the solid waste itself.
Basically, it occurs near garbage storage pit, rubbish discharging lobby, leachate
storage pit and incinerator, etc. In this project, to prevent malodor from spilling, the
following control measures are taken to treat the main malodor polluting sources such
as rubbish storage pit and rubbish discharging lobby, etc.:
1 Adopt sealed compressive self-unloading rubbish carrier vehicle; set-up
rubbish discharge gate at the access to the main house unloading platform of
destructor plant.
2 Adopt refuse pit with close framework; absorb primary air from the top
of rubbish storage pot to support combustion in incinerators; keep refuse pit at status
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of negative pressure in normal operation to avoid escaping of odor.
3 Regulate the operating management of domestic waste to reduce odor
production; stir rubbish by use of bucket grab to avoid anaerobic fermentation of
rubbish, so as to reduce the malodor production.
4 Keep the residue storage pit at closed and negative pressure status by use
of closed residue conveying system. Odor is sent by blower fan to rubbish storage pit
as primary air in combustion process.
5 In operational stage, the main measure to control odor is to strengthen
control on the closeness of rubbish pit, for instance, do the best to reduce the off
-production frequency of the whole plant, keep primary air suction system running
normally, adopt closed vehicle for entering-plant rubbish truck, close the discharge
gate of rubbish storage pool after use, etc.
5.1.6.2Control Malodor under Accident Conditions
In the period of stop operation and overhaul owing to boiler accident,
malodorous gas in the rubbish pit can’t be cleaned through incinerating combustion.
Therefore, the rubbish storage pit needs to be kept closed, and gases in the pit can be
discharged after being deodorized by active carbon exhaust gas cleaner. Frequency of
air change is about 1~1.5 times per hour. The processes in the cleaner can be divided
into three stages: air intaking stage, filtering stage and air-out stage. Odor enters into
the cleaner through the air inlet; and then, filtered by active carbon in the filtering
stage, most of the organic gases are absorbed on active carbon granulae; finally, it is
blown into the atmosphere by exhaust fan. Deodorizing devices are installed in the
building roof beside the refuse pit. Each destructor is equipped with a set of
deodorizing devices.
Therefore, measures of odor pollution control are feasible in this project.
5.1.7 Measure of Preventing Fly Ash by Solidifying Dust
The self-contained fly ash solidifying workshop of this project is located in
hazardous waste landfill site. Fly ash produced from combustion is transported to that
workshop by tank lorry. The solidifying process of fly ash is totally- enclosed. Part of
the fly ash enters into the air after dust emission and is discharged from roof after
dedusting through bag type collector.
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5.1.8 Reachability Analysis on Flue Gases Pollution Control
Technologies in This Project
According to datum on the existing project acceptance and routine monitor,
indexes of all the pollutants in flue gases are able to meet the relevant national
standards, among which the performance of dioxin-like pollutants reach the EU
standards limit, 0.1 ng-TEQ/Nm3. Therefore, this project adopted the same fume
processing technique as the existing project, which can ensure that flue gases can be
discharged stably and reach the standard. After taking the measure of “using new
method to improve old one”, discharge concentration of dust in incinerating smoked
gases of the whole plant is guaranteed to reach 10mg/m3 in EU 2000 Standard.
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Table 5.1-3 Treatment Effect of Flue Gases in This Project
Pollutants
Production status
Treatment measures Removing rate
%
Discharge condition Effluent standard
(mg/m3)
Effect Concentration
(mg/m3)
Production
(kg/h)
Concentration
(mg/m3)
Speed
(kg/h)
Smoke and dust 10000 2046
SNCR denitration
+
semi-dry reaction
tower
+
dry deacidification+
Active carbon
absorption
+
bag type collector
99.9 10 2.05 30
Disch
arge after reach
ing th
e standard
SO2 67 13.64 85 10 2.05 260
NOX 360 73.66 50 180 36.83 400
HCl 127.5 26.09 96 5.1 1.04 50
HF 10 2.05 90 1 0.20 2
CO 50 10.23 0 50 10.23 100
Pb 5 1.02 90 0.5 0.10 1.6
Hg 0.5 0.10 90 0.05 0.01 0.1
Cd 0.5 0.10 90 0.05 0.01 0.1
Dioxin - - - ≤0.1ng
TEQ/Nm3
≤20.46
ug/h
0.1ng
TEQ/m3
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5.2 Comment on Water Pollution Prevention Measures
5.2.1 Drainage System
This project adopts the clean water (rainwater) and sewage shunting system.
A small amount of leachate injects back and the rest part enters into
self-contained percolate preprocessing station for treatment. Until reaching the
standards, it is recycled to cool off make-up water in circulation.
House wastewater and oily dining wastewater is taken over by effluent treatment
plant in the new district after being processed by septic tank and oil trap respectively.
In the chemical water treatment system, drainage section is used for mixing lime
slurry, part of which is used for charge mixture of brick field and the rest is used for
watering down in road and unloading platform; cooling tower drainage is recycled as
slag off cooling water.
5.2.2 Measures of Leachate Treatment
In Phase expansion project, the maximum Leachate production is about
480t/d. It is poured into leachate regulating reservoir together with 56t/d sparge water
used in unloading platform, among which 50t/d puffs back to furnace leaving the
remaining 486t/d enter into existing self-contained leachate treatment plant for
treatment.
5.2.2.1 Present Operational Status of Percolate Treatment Station
The self-contained percolate disposal station of Everbright Waste Incineration
Power Plant was started to construct in Jul., 2009 and was completed and began to
debug in May, 2010. It is officially put into use in Sep, 2010.
The designed treatment capacity of percolate disposal station is 1000t/d. In 2010,
leachate production in the existing Phase and projects is around 525t/d, among
which back-injection amount is about 80t/d and handling capacity of the station is
about 509t/a. Therefore, the remaining disposal capacity of the station is around
491t/d, which is enough to treat the newly added leachate in this expansion project.
The existing disposal technological flow is: regulating reservoir→preprocessing
system of first and secondary order reactive precipitation→UBF anaerobic
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system→SBR aerobic system→SBR effluent buffer pool→build-in ultrafiltration
membrane system→drain off system. The above technological process can remove all
the high density organic pollutant, ammonia nitrogen and phosphor existed in leachate
at a higher rate. It is also operated stably. The processes can be seen in chart5.2-1.
Chart 5.2-1 Technological Flow Chart of the Self-contained Garbage Leachate
Preprocessing Station
Preprocess System
Preprocess system is composed of regulating reservoir, mixing tank, first order
reaction tank, first order desilter, intermediate water pool, secondary order reaction
tank, secondary order desilter, outlet sump and its associated equipment, ect.
The main function of regulating reservoir is to regulate volume and quality of
water, in order to reduce the potential impact load in the latter processing system
caused by uneven water.
First and secondary order reactive precipitation system mainly takes measure of
coagulation sedimentation by putting chemical preparations into leachate to remove
most suspended matters and colloidal substances contained in the leachate, and so as
to release the processing load that the next structures would bear. Waste water flows
automatically into first order reaction tank after mixing with lime in mixing tank, and
then, enters into secondary order reaction tank to mix with flocculent. After reaction
to form large flocs unit granula, it is separated by settling down from the second tank.
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Supernatant enters into effluent pool and then is lifted to UBF system by horizontal
centrifugal pump. Sludge precipitated and stored in bagger is drained into sludge
thickener for dewatering treatment periodically
UBF Anaerobic System
UBF anaerobic system is composed of UBF reaction tank (first and secondary
order reaction tank), degassing desilter, intermediate water pool and its associated
equipment, ect.
This system adopts two odors UBF and slaking under mesothermal temperature.
Functions of the first order are: hydrolyze and liquefy solid organic into organic acid;
release load impact, dilute unfriendly matters and intercept and hold on to
hard-degradation solid matters. Functions of the secondary order are: keep on the
rigorous anaerobic condition and pH value to profit methane bacteria production;
degradate organic matters to produce digestion gas which contains the major methane,
and intercept and hold on to suspended solid to improve the quality of effluent water.
This system uses diving mixer for internal recycle device, and return-sludge flow
pump equipped outside the tank for outer recycle device. The secondary order UBF
effluent comes into degassing deposit in degassing desilter to guarantee effluent
effect.
SBR Aerobic System
SBR aerobic system is composed of SBR reaction tank, SBR effluent buffer pool,
SBR pump room and its associated equipment, ect.
SBR system adopts jet pump and efflux aerator combination system to add
enough oxygen to raw waste water, so as to provide metabolism with sufficient
oxygen in reaction of aerobic bacteria with organic matters within water, so that
organic matters in water can be produced into harmless inorganic matters such as CO2
and water, etc. Aerating volume is offered on the basis of liquid level variation, which
ensures the stable operation in biochemical treatment stage with high efficiency. SBR
reaction tank takes measure of influent and effluent intermittently. Operating process
is finished in five steps: influent, reaction, precipitation, effluent and set aside. The
reaction period is 16 hours from entering wastewater to setting aside (this period is
adjustable under practical condition).
Ultrafiltration System
Ultrafiltration system is composed of membrane cisterna, membrane module
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cleaning tank (keep acid and base tank separately), clean water tank, self-contained
pump room and its associated equipment, ect.
Function of this system is, to a further extent, to remove pollutants (organic
matters, COD and BOD, etc.) that are not degradated in biochemical system, so that
water output index can be ensured to reach the design requirement. Combined with
raw water quality and water utilizing requirement, the main task for treatment of raw
water is to remove organic pollutants such as COD, BOD and ammonia nitrogen, etc.
Given the convenience of cleaning and replacing wastewater, membrane box uses
multi-sets and multi-tank structure located inside membrane treating room.
Each structure parameter can be seen in table 5.2-1.
Table 5.2-1 Structure Parameter
Title
Effective
volume
m3
Effective
depth
m
Quantity Remarks
Preprocessing
system
Regulating
reservoir 6,270 5.5 3
Mixing tank 8 2.0 1
First order
reaction
tank
30 2.2 3
First order
desilter 285 2.5 2
Intermediate
water pool 175 5.85 1
Secondary
order
reaction
tank
14.4 1.8 2
Secondary
order
desilter
128 2.25 1
Outlet sump 238 5.6 1
UBF
anaerobic
system
Reaction
tank 10,500 10.5 3
Divide it into two cases: first
order and secondary order
Degassing
precipitation
tank
232 2.7 1
Intermediate
water pool 614 9.0 1
SBR aerobic
system
SBR
reaction
tank
8,160 5.0 6
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Effluent
buffer tank 566 3.0 1
Pump house 4.0 1 Set plane skylight and vent fan
on its top
Ultrafiltration
system
Membrane
cisterna 156 3.5 5
Clean water
tank 105 3.0 1
Treatment efficiency and effect in each processing stage can be seen in table
5.2-2. Effluent standard is in accordance with the three class standards and norms of
table 4 and table 1 regulated in the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard
GB8978-1996 . Emissions standards of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus are
in comply with table 1 norms defined in the Quality Discharge Standard of Sewage
Drained to Municipal Sewer (CJ3082-1999).
Table 5.2-2 Effect Analysis on Each Processing Technology
Unit: pH zero dimension and others in mg/L
Title COD BOD NH3-N SS TP pH
Regulating
reservoir
Quality of influent water 60,000 40,000 2,000 8,000
100 5~7
Predicted quality of effluent water 51,000 34,000 2,000 8,000 100 5~7
Removing rate (%) 15 15 0 0 0
Preprocessing
system
Quality of influent water 51,000 34,000 2,000 8,000 100 6~9
Predicted quality of effluent water 35,700 23,800 1,800 1,200 100 6~9
Removing rate (%) 30 30 10 85 0
UBF system
Quality of influent water 35,700 23,800 1,800 1,200 100 6~9
Predicted quality of effluent water 3,570 2,380 1,800 600 100 6~9
Removing rate (%) 90 90 0 50 0
SBR system
Quality of influent water 3,570 2,380 1,800 600 100 6~9
Predicted quality of effluent water 714 238 18 180 100 6~9
Removing rate (%) 80 90 99 70 0
Ultrafiltration
system
Quality of influent water 714 238 18 180 100 6~9
Predicted quality of effluent water 357 95.2 9 18 8 6~9
Removing rate (%) 50 60 50 90 92
Emission standards 500 300 35 400 8 6~9
5.2.2.2 Upgrading and Reconstruction Plan
This upgrading and reconstruction project is planned to add the
“nanofiltration+reverse osmosis (NF+RO)” technology. In general, the two systems
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contain preprocessing equipment, reverse osmosis/nanofiltration equipment and post
treatment equipment. Preprocessing part is used for adjusting raw water quality to
meet the influent water quality requirement for reverse osmosis and nanofiltration
system. Post-treatment part is used for adjusting components of water produced from
NF and RO process to match the recycling requirement, and to meet the discharge
standard of concentrated water on the other hand.
In general, quality of water produced from single order RO can’t match the
recycling requirement. In order to decline water-producing concentration as much as
possible, the RO system is connected in series. Namely, water produced from the
former order RO is used for influent in the next order RO. Thus, it is called
multi-order RO system (see the following figure).
According to the design data, table 5.2-3 shows the removing rate of all sorts of
pollutants through the advanced treatment technology.
Table 5.2-3 Removing Rate of pollutants through the Advanced Treatment
Technologies
Processing unit CODcr
mg/L
BOD5
mg/L
NH3-N
mg/L
SS
mg/L
NF
Influent
concentration 357 95.2 9 18
Predicted effluent
concentration 142.8 38.08 8.1 9
Removing rate % 60 60 10 50
RO Influent 142.8 38.08 8.1 9
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concentration
Predicted effluent
concentration 28.56 9.52 4.86 4.5
Removing rate % 80 75 40 50
Recycling standard ≤10 ≤10 -
In this way, after advanced treatment, leachate can reach the make-up water
standard of open-circuit cooling water system defined in the Reuse of Urban
Recycling Water—Water Quality Standard for Industrial Uses (GB/T19923-2005) ,
which is reused for circulating cooling make-up water spraying into incinerator
together with RO concentrated water for combustion.
5.2.3 Feasibility Analysis on Piping Waste Water
5.2.3.1Overview of Sewage Plant in New District
Sewage of this project enters into the first effluent treatment plant in the new
district of Suzhou (“sewage plant in new district”, in short) through municipal sewer
grid for concentration processing. Sewage plant in new district is established in 90s of
the last century, located at the crossing of South Yunhe Rd and Zhuyuan Rd, along the
west side of Jinghang Grand Canal in new district of Suzhou. It has been on business
more than ten years and keeps good operating status now. Design processing size of
the whole plant is 80,000t/d. Currently, all the three phases project have been put into
operation with three-tank-alternating oxidation ditch technique. The plant provides
concentrated treatment of industrial and house wastewater for new district of Suzhou,
and its surrounding towns and villages. It always takes the responsibility of processing
leachate that has been preprocessed in Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site.
According to the tailwater automatic monitoring statistics of the plant, its
tailwater is puffed into the canal only after reaching the standard, and has never been
discharged over the standard. Such case has been stably operated in a long time since
it was put into operation officially. On the basis of environmental impact assessment
on expansion project of the plant, as the possibility of wastewater comes from the
upstream canal is 90% (4.2m3/s), its effect distance on the downstream canal is
4,860m; and as that possibility is 50% (19.5m3/s), the distance is 1,470m; since the
Xukou watergate will be closed as Xujiang river flows back, the discharged tailwater
won’t flow back to Taihu lake.
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The actual taking-over volume of wastewater of the plant is about 60,000t/d at
present, and its remaining processing capacity is nearly 20,000t/d.
For the existing leachate in Phase and projects of Everbright Environmental
Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd, it is piped into the sewage plant in new district
together with domestic wastewater after being preprocessed and reaching the
taking-over standard. The current project piping volume on hand is 704t/d, which
accounts 3.52% of the plant’s remaining processing capacity.
5.2.3.2 Analysis of Water Quality
According to the project analysis chapter, pollutant concentration of house
sewage in this project is low: COD≤500mg/L, BOD≤300mg/L, which reaches the
piping standard of the plant.
5.2.3.3 Analysis of Water Quantity
In the construction of Phase expansion project, upgrading and reconstruction
plan is adopted in leachate treatment plant. Leachate is not discharged after advanced
treatment, which can reduce 656t/d taking-over wastewater; the newly added
wastewater of this project is about 8t/d. Therefore, after taking the measure of “using
new method to improve old one”, wastewater piping volume is declined largely.
Wastewater piped by the whole plant is only 36t/d, accounting 0.18% of the plant’s
remaining processing capacity.
To conclude, it’s feasible for this project to pipe wastewater into sewage plant in
new district.
5.2.4 Analysis on Measures to Treat Leachate in Accident State
The existing project is constructed with a leachate accident collecting system of
11,000m3 to be used for fender system. At the accident state of furnace shut down,
leachate flows from the bottom of rubbish unloading outlet and the lateral leachate
collector ditch, through the curb under the anti-seepage leachate collector ditch and
rubbish store and the leachate storage tank, after being filtered by stainless wire net
grid, into leachate balancing tank for temporary storage.
5.3 Comment on Noise Pollution Prevention Measures
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The noise source of this project mainly comes from air force equipment and
high-power water pump, etc., e.g. turbo unit and wind turbine, etc. Most of the noise
is caused by wind turbine, condenser, steam turbine generator, water pump, air
discharge (safety valve) and vapor leakage, etc. To ensure that noise at the plant
boundary meet the emission standard, this project takes the following measures:
(1) Adopt low-noise equipment for control valve and safety valve of furnace
exhaust piping, set small-hole exhaust muffler for stream boiler, and reduce the
vibration between valve and muffler.
(2) Make sound proof box for wind turbine and equip it with muffler.
(3) Take vibration, noise control measures to all sorts of pumps.
(4) Make sound proof effect by Fiberglas for turbo unit, install sound-proof
chamber, take vibration reducing measure, and install muffler at air inlet/outlet.
(5) Use building materials with good sound-proof and sound deadening
properties for stream turbine room and boiler house, etc.
(6) Enhance management and mechanical equipment maintenance, and test the
noise level frequently to clean up the potential hazard.
(7) Aim for rational distribution; take greening measure to isolate noise.
(8) Plant sound-proof greening belt to set-up a planting barrier.
5.4 Comment on Solid Waste Pollution Prevention Measures
5.4.1 Prevention Measures
Solid waste of destructor plant mainly contains clinker, fly ash, sludge of
leachate processing station and domestic waste of the plant, etc.
5.4.1.1Ways to Treat Slag
Slag produced from incinerator is discharged in form of dry type. At the bottom
of each incinerator, there is a slag discharge opening placed in the water cooling type
grid plate. After burning the waste, the produced slag drops into water-cooling slag
hoist through the discharge opening, and then it is discharged into cinder pit; the thin
refuse leaking from grate slit is transported to cinder pit by grate ash leakage conveyor.
Finally, slag is loaded upon tip lorry by grab crane and then transported to the
self-contained brick field for comprehensive utilization.
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According to the monitoring data, during acceptance period of Phase project
from Jul.9, 2009 to Jul.10, 2009, ignition loss percentage of slag is 0.36%~0.62%, and
the testing result of that in Oct.28, 2010 and Oct.30, 2010 is 0.981%~4.36%, all of
which reaches the standard defined in the Standards for Pollution Control on
Household Garbage Burning GB18480-2001 that percentage should not be more
than 5%, and can be land filled directly or put into comprehensive utilization.
Therefore, the slag produced from this project can be comprehensively used in its
self-contained brick plant.
5.4.1.2Treatment Measures of Fly ash
Fly ash refers to reaction products of gas disposal system and smoke dust filtered
by bag type collector. It is listed in National Dangerous Wastes Catalogue with serial
number of HW18 802-002-18 .
According to the Circular on Further Strengthening Environment Impact
Assessment Management of Biomass Waste-to-Energy Projects,
Environmental-development N. 82 of 2008, in this garbage power project, “fly ash
burning is in the class of hazardous waste, and it is required to be stored and treated in
accordance with the Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage
GB18597-2001 and Standard for Pollution Control on the Security Landfill Site
for Hazardous Wastes GB18598-2001 . It is required to promote comprehensive use
of incinerated fly ash in the case that the adopted technology is sure to breakdown
dioxin totally and fix heavy metals effectively, and no secondary pollution is caused
in the process of producing and using of fly ash. After Standard for Pollution Control
on the Landfill Site for Household Garbage is put into effect, it is also available for
furnace cinder and fly ash to be disposed as per the new standard. ”
It is regulated in Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site for
Household Garbage GB16889-2008 that “after treatment, domestic waste
incinerating fly ash and medical waste incinerating residue (including fly ash and
bottom slag) must meet the following terms before going for landfill disposal in
domestic waste landfill site: 1 water content must be less than 30% 2 dioxin
content must be less than 3μgTEQ/Kg 3 concentration of harmful component exists
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in leachate, made in accordance with HJ/T300, must be lower than the limit defined in
table 1.”
For fly ash produced from incinerated in this project, it is tested once a week by
Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Solid Waste Disposal
Holdings Limited after solidifying chelation. Through their judgment, if it reaches the
requirement of entering domestic waste landfill site, it can be transported to Qizishan
Refuse Landfill Site for landfill. Otherwise, it is still transported to hazardous wastes
landfill site for safety landfill as hazardous waste.
Fly ash Solidifying System
Fly ash in destructor flue gases is collected by bag type collector together with
the reaction matters produced from deacidification tower. Then fly ash is transported
from the bottom fly ash removal apparatus of bag type collector to tank lorry. At last,
all fly ash of the whole plant is delivered to its solidifying workshop by tank car for
further treatment.
The self-contained flying solidifying workshop is located in the site of Phase
expansion project of Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Solid
Waste Disposal Limited (namely, the landfill site for hazardous waste). In the
workshop, there is a cement bin 60m3 and two ash bins (both of them are 300m
3 in
volume). Cement is transported to cement silo by pneumatic. Fly ash stocked in ash
bin, reaction matter, cement and coagulant are put into blending bunker as per certain
proportions through cinder valve. After mixing those by vibrating blending bunker
and putting them into solidify forming machine for shaping treatment. Then, the
formed drying solid is transported by motor vehicle to refuse landfill site for landfill
treatment or temporarily stocked in the plant, and then follow suit.
Property Analysis of Fly ash
The sample of that fly ash is sent to Suzhou Environmental Project Quality
Detection Co., Ltd. in Jiangsu province for its heavy metal content testing and
Environmental Quality Inspection Center of Tsinghua University for dioxin content
testing once a year.
According to the mixing fly ash detection report on the 5 incinerators of the
company’s existing project from Environmental Quality Inspection Center of
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Tsinghua University from Nov.16, 2010 to Nov.26, 2010, its dioxin content is
680ngTEQ/Kg, which is much lower than the limit figure, 3μgTEQ/Kg.
Introduction of Landfill Site
Qizishan Refuse Landfill Site in Suzhou was established in 1993. The
4,700,000m3
storage capacity of Phase has been filled up. In 2009, the site was
expanded vertically by 7,800,000 m3 on its former address (it is expected to serve 16
years with designed disposal capacity of about 1600t/d). The newly expanded storage
has been completed and put into use.
Hazardous solid waste landfill site serves the urban areas of Suzhou with an
investment of RMB 78 million and size of 100,000m3 in Phase project. Ultimately,
its size reaches 600,000m3 with investment of about RMB 253 million. The report on
environmental impact assessment of this project has been given a written reply
(Suzhou environmental administration N.93, 2006) by Jiangsu Environmental
Protection Hall, which states that incinerating residue contains in the class of solid
waste treatment (HW18) and Phase project can be put into production officially on
Jul.4, 2007. Presently, Phase expansion project is under preparation.
5.4.1.3 Other Wastes
Solidify the waste active carbon produced from waste gas treatment together
with fly ash, and then, landfill it.
Other solid waste, such as domestic waste and duolite, etc. is incinerated in the
destructor plant.
5.4.2 General Requirement for Storage and Convey of Solid Waste
According to the Standard for Pollution Control on the Storage and Disposal
Site for General Industrial Solid Waste GB18599-2001 , the requirements for storage
and disposal site operational management of general industrial solid waste are as
follows:
Hazardous waste and domestic waste are forbidden to be mixed in the storage
and disposal site of general industrial solid waste.
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Operator of storage and disposal site should establish inspection and
maintenance system to inspect equipment periodically such as dike, dam, and
diversion channel, etc. As long as potential deterioration or disorder is found,
necessary measures should be taken timely, so as to guarantee its normal operation.
5.4.3 Requirement for Storage and Convey of Hazardous Solid Waste
According to the Hazardous Waste Disposal Policy, Environmental
Development, N.199, [2011], the requirements for hazardous waste storage are as
below:
For hazardous waste that has been produced, given it can’t be recycled or
treated in the short run, its producer must set-up special facilities for hazardous waste
storage, as well as hazardous waste mark. Hazardous waste mustn’t be transferred to
any unit without license in any form or stocked in non-hazardous waste storage
facilities. Hazardous waste storage facility should have related matching equipment
and be managed as relevant regulations.
Skirting that could block leakage should be constructed; Materials of floor and
skirting should be firm and water tight; in addition, isolation facility and wind- proof,
sun-proof and rain-proof equipment are also a must.
Foundational infiltration proof layer should be clay bed with thickness above
1m and osmotic coefficient less than 1.0*10-7
cm/s; Foundational infiltration proof
layer can also adopt high density polyethylene or other artificial anti seepage
materials with thickness above 2 mm and osmotic coefficient less than 1.0*10-10
cm/s.
For places used for storage of liquid and semisolid hazardous waste, the floor
must be hard and corrosion proof without any slit.
Opposite zone of Incompatible hazardous wastes must be isolated by isolating
room.
Hazardous wastes (fly ash, ect.) in this project must be temporarily stored as per
the above requirements.
5.5 Underground Water and Soil Prevention Measures
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In order to prevent soil and underground water from being polluted, the project
pays highly attention to the antiseepage measures of refuse pit, leachate collecting
tank, accident tank and fly ash disposal system, etc.
With reference to the local geological conditions of natural foundation layer,
natural clay, and single-layer synthesize material or double-layer synthesis material is
adopted to make the antiseepage under layer of refuse pit, leachate collecting tank,
accident tank and fly ash disposal system. In case the saturated permeability
coefficient of natural foundation layer is less than 1.0×10-7
cm/s and thickness of that
no less than 2m, natural clay antiseepage underlayer can be adopted. In case the
saturated permeability coefficient of natural foundation layer is less than 1.0×10-5
cm/s
and thickness of that no less than 2m, single-layer synthesis material antiseepage
underlayer can be adopted. Single-layer synthesis material underlayer should be no
less than 0.75m in thickness and, after being compacted, its saturated permeability
coefficient be less than that of natural clay antiseepage underlayer, 1.0×10-7
cm/s, or
other material antiseepage underlayer with the equal and above water proof
effectiveness. In case the saturated permeability coefficient of natural foundation layer
is no less than 1.0×10-5
cm/s or thickness of that no less than 2m, double-layer
synthesis material antiseepage underlayer should be adopted. Double layer synthesis
material underlayer should be no less than 0.75m in thickness and, after being
compacted, its saturated permeability coefficient be less than that of natural clay
antiseepage underlayer, 1.0×10-7
cm/s, or other material antiseepage underlayers with
the equal and above water proof effectiveness; water transmit layer and leak detection
layer should be laid in the space between its two layers. High density polyethylene
that meets the specifications regulated in CJ/T234 or other synthesis materials with
equal authenticity should be used for making synthesis material antiseepage
underlayer
5.6 Greening Measures
Greening is a great advantage to prevent pollution and protect environment.
Planting trees and flowers in each open area of the plant can increase the greening
level, purify the air, adjust temperatures, reduce noise, beautify environment and
improve the self-cleaning capacity of the environment, which is also one of the
fundamental measures to protect environment. In particular, greening is also the key
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content of enterprise environmental protection. It is an important part in constructing a
civilization and clean garden-like factory. Therefore, greening should be considered as
the important part of this project and planned at the stage of general plan layout. The
planned greening rate of this project is 30%.
Suitable greening plants is chosen to be planted on the basis of the plant detail
condition and pollution characters of this project and by taking comprehensive
account of the property of discharged pollutants and local climate condition. In
addition, given the safety guarding requirement of building structures and
underground pipe networks for green plants, greening design is taken into
consideration in the unified planning of the whole factory as per esthetic aspect.
Antisoil tree species is selected as per the character of air pollutant as well as the
local climate and quality of soil, e.g. acacia, spindle tree, tree of heaven and fortunes
paulownla, etc. in the class of arbor tree.
Principles of Afforestation Planning:
Production zone: make greening plan according to all conditions of the plant, e.g.
management, repair and fire control, etc. High dirt resistant deciduous tree and hedge
can be planted around production shop to reduce noise and clean air.
Greening along both side of road: there should be planted with roadside trees,
mainly megaphanerophyte with perfectly straight branch and lush branches and leaves,
laid out symmetrically. Meanwhile, hedge should be planted between two of each
trees to form a green- wall belt.
Greening around the plant: in the arrangement of general layout, a green belt of
2-3m in width should be set aside to form a tree-protecting belt combining arbor and
shrub.
5.7 Summary List of “Three-meanwhile” Acceptance Check
According to the Environment Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China,
the design, as well as construction and setting to work, of anti-pollution facilities in
the construction project must be done with the principal part of the project
simultaneously. However, the “Three-meanwhile” acceptance check of anti-pollution
facilities construction is a forceful measure to control new pollution source and total
pollutant emission volume and keep environment from deteriorating strictly. This
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project must be applied to environmental protection department for
“Three-meanwhile” acceptance check in preproduction stage. The detailed
implementation schedules are:
Construction unit is to apply to its local environmental protection competent
department for preproduction qualification.
Construction unit is to invite environmental monitoring department to detect
the discharged pollutant concentration at each sewage draining exist under normal
production condition.
Construction unit is to apply to its local environmental protection competent
department for “Three-meanwhile” acceptance check.
The following table shows the “Three-meanwhile” Acceptance Check after
finishing the project construction.
Table 4.7-1 Summary List of “Three-meanwhile” Acceptance Check
Items Pollution
sources Pollutants
Treatment
measures
amounts,
size and
processing
capacity, ect.
Investment on
environmental
protection
RMB, ten
thousand
Treatment effect,
execution
standard or
planned
requirement
Finish
time
Waste gases
Incinerati
on waste
gas
SO2, NO2,
PM10, HCl, HF,
Cd, Hg, Pb and
dioxin
Smoke control
system with 3
sets of
semi-dry
reaction tower+
dry
deacidification
+active
carbon+ bag
type collector
3,500
Reach the
discharge
standard of EU
2000
Carry
out in
the
same
time
with
project
constru
ction
Fly ash
solidifyin
g dust
emission
PM10 Bag type dust
collector
Reach the
concentration
standard within
the factory
boundary
Refuse Malodor gases, Negative Reach the
concentration
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Items Pollution
sources Pollutants
Treatment
measures
amounts,
size and
processing
capacity, ect.
Investment on
environmental
protection
RMB, ten
thousand
Treatment effect,
execution
standard or
planned
requirement
Finish
time
malodor e.g. H2S, NH3,
etc.
pressure,
deodorizer
standard within
the factory
boundary
Waste water
leachate
and
terrace
vehicle
sparge
water
pH, COD,
BOD, SS,
ammonian, Pb,
As, Hg, Cd,
Cr6+ and Cu,
etc.
Waste leachate
collecting
system
4,000
A small
amount of
leachate is
injected back
and the
remaining part is
recycled after
advanced
treatment in its
self-contained
leachate
processing
station
Househol
d waste
water
COD, BOD,
SS, ammonia
nitrogen, total
phosphorus
/ Piping
Other
waste
water
pH Neutralization
pit Recycle
Noise
Power
unit -
Install sound
proof device
and add
muffler at the
air inlet/outlet
260
Reach the
standard within
the factory
boundary
Induced
draft fan
and
forced
draft fan
-
Add
sound-proof
box and
muffler
All sorts
of pumps -
Add
sound-proof
box and
muffler
Air
compress
or
-
Insulate sound
and add
muffler
Stream
boiler -
Adopt
low-noise
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Items Pollution
sources Pollutants
Treatment
measures
amounts,
size and
processing
capacity, ect.
Investment on
environmental
protection
RMB, ten
thousand
Treatment effect,
execution
standard or
planned
requirement
Finish
time
safety valve
and control
valve; add
muffler and
take vibration
reducing
measure
Solid waste
General
industrial
solid
waste
Cinder
Comprehensive
utilization and
processing
disposal
450
Solid waste zero
discharge
Hazardo
us solid
waste
Fly ash and
waste active
carbon
Solidify and
landfill
Househol
d solid
waste
domestic waste
Incineration
disposal in the
plant
Antiseepage
Waste storage pit, leachate
collecting tank and flying
ash solidifying workshop
Adopt
antiseepage
underlayer in
materials of
natural clay,
single-layer
artificial
synthesis
material and
double-layer
artificial
material
250
No pollution to
soil and
underground
water
Greening Covering rate of factory greening is 30% 180
Beautify
environment and
reduce noise
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Items Pollution
sources Pollutants
Treatment
measures
amounts,
size and
processing
capacity, ect.
Investment on
environmental
protection
RMB, ten
thousand
Treatment effect,
execution
standard or
planned
requirement
Finish
time
Accident
emergency
measures
Set up accident emergency measure and
management system; improve waste water
pipe grid
the existing support for leachate accident
emergency tank is 11,000m3
30
Prevent risk
accident from
happening to the
maximum limit;
if it does
happened, deal
with it
effectively to
keep the risk at
one’s acceptable
level
Environmental
management
(institution and
monitoring
ability, etc.)
Establish environmental management and
monitoring system; take pollution prevention
measures during construction period
100
Divert waste
water from
clean water and
plainly sewage
draining exit by
install flow
meter and
on-line monitor,
etc.
Divert waste water from clean water and build
up waste pipe grid; an exhaust mast
(three-tube exhaust mast with 80m in height);
normalize the discharge exit of waste water
and gases; a set of on-line flue gas analyzer, a
set of pH and COD monitor used for
monitoring the temperature and flow speed of
pollutants and flue gases; the monitor signal is
transmitted and shown in the display screen of
control room and plant gate.
500
“Using new
method to
improve old
one”
1 solidify and chelate fly ash in the
factory
2 improve combustion control
system——take measures such as control the
frequency of flipping grate, control air leak
6,690
Put down the
existing
discharge
amount of
pollutants. Total
amount of that
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Items Pollution
sources Pollutants
Treatment
measures
amounts,
size and
processing
capacity, ect.
Investment on
environmental
protection
RMB, ten
thousand
Treatment effect,
execution
standard or
planned
requirement
Finish
time
volume strictly and reduce velocity of flue
gases to reduce the production of smoke dust
contained in waste gases
3 adopt high-efficiency dedusting cloth
bag; clean the bag by blowing fly ash timely to
ensure that emission concentration of flue
gases reach the standard of EU 2000;
4 add dry deacidification system and jet
slaked lime into the flue through which flue
gas passes, so as to further reduce the
discharge volume of acid gases, e.g. HCl,
contained in flue gases;
5 upgrade and reconstruct the leachate
treatment plant and add an advanced
processing technology, “NF+RO”.
can’t be more
than the
approved
amount
Total 15,960
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6 Industrial Policies, Cleaner Production and
Recycling Economy Analysis
6.1 Industrial Policies
(1) The Waste-to-Energy plant constructed in the project belongs to the
encouragement catalogue of “20. The reduction, resource recovery and harmless
treatment and comprehensive utilization engineering for downtown garbage and other
solid wastes in Article 38, Environmental Protection and Resource Conservation
Comprehensive Utilization” in Guideline Catalogue for Industrial Restructuring
(2011 version) of National Development and Reform Commission Decree No.40.
(2) The construction of this project complies with the encouragement catalogue
of “the reduction, resource recovery and harmless treatment and comprehensive
utilization engineering for downtown garbage and other solid wastes” of Guidance
Catalogue for Industrial Structure Adjustment of Jiangsu Province.
(3) It is stated in Item 100 of “domestic waste treatment technology and
equipment” of Article 6 of “Environmental Protection and Resource Comprehensive
Utilization”, Article 6 of Guideline of Developing High Tech Industrialization First in
Important Field (2004) formulated by National Development and Reform
Commission, Ministry of Science and Technology and Ministry of Commerce, that:
Domestic waste is distinguished by many production source, complex and
unstable character, big pollution influence range, thus it is difficult to reach the aim of
effectively govern pollution, reduction and resource recovery by virtue of single
treatment technology or equipment. The key points of recent industrialization include
garbage selection technology and equipment, large-scale garbage incineration disposal
equipment and thermal recovery and utilization system and equipment; garbage
landfill leachate treatment technology and equipment; garbage landfill gas (methane)
recovery and utilization technology and equipment.
(4) This project uses domestic waste to generate power and control the emission
of all pollutants to comply with the “3.2 Encouraging garbage incineration waste heat
utilization and recovery and utilization of landfill gas, and thermophilic composting of
organic garbage and methane produced by anaerobic digestion” and “3.3 It is required
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to avoid and control secondary pollution during the process of garbage recovery and
comprehensive utilization” of Technological Policy for Treatment of Domestic wastes
and Its Pollution Prevention, which is issued by Ministry of Construction, State
Environmental Protection Administration and Ministry of Science and Technology
(May 29, 2000).
Therefore, this project construction complies with national and local relevant
industrial policies.
6.2 Cleaner Production
6.2.1 Advanced Technology and Management Support
As the investment, construction and operator with the biggest production scale
and high standard for operation emission in China, Everbright International Limited
has 12 Waste-to-Energy projects at present. All completed and operated projects are
online with local environmental protection authorities and listed to the public to
accept supervision from government and the mass. At present, the company has many
kinds of qualifications, such as professional contractor qualification for environmental
protection engineering, operation qualification for environment pollution control
facilities and safety production permit, and has various professional technicians of
research and development, engineering management, field adjustment and power
plant operation. It is also the comprehensive environmental protection enterprise with
leading technology, good engineering performance and excellent growth in
Waste-to-Energy industry.
Through years of experience in the construction and operation of
Waste-to-Energy, Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd.
makes its Stage engineering and Stage engineering operate in good condition to
ensure the “three wastes” steadily reach standard of emission, thus to ease the
increasing demand for domestic waste disposal of Suzhou.
6.2.2 Comparison of Disposal Plans
The method of domestic waste disposal is restricted by economic development
level, natural conditions and traditional customs, and changes according to national
conditions, usually including the disposal methods of landfill, incineration,
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composting and recovery (recycling on the basis of garbage classification). According
to the statistics by the Warmer Bulletin, No. 44, 1995, the magazine published by
World Energy Fund, see Table 6.2-1 for the statistics of domestic waste disposal
methods in 18 developed or more developed countries in Europe, America and Asia.
Table 6.2-1 Statistics of Domestic waste Disposal Methods in 18 Countries in
Europe, America and Asia
Disposal
Method Incineration Landfill Composting Recovery Total
Accumulative
Ratio % 721 856 97 126 1,800
Translation
Ratio % 40.1 47.6 5.4 7.0 100.0
It is found in the statistic data that the countries with landfill disposal accounting
for the major proportion are those with large geographical area or little population,
such as America, Canada, Finland, Italy, Spain, Norway, Britain, etc. while countries
with incineration disposal accounting for the major proportion are those with small
geographical area or large population, such as Japan, Denmark, Luxembourg,
Singapore, Switzerland, Sweden, etc. In general, landfill and incineration are the main
disposal methods for domestic waste at present. In recent ten years, the proportion of
garbage incineration disposal rises year by year, such as that of America in 1990 is
18%, but it has exceeded 40% at present, and that of Singapore increases almost to
100% from 85%.
The characteristics of sanitary landfill method are low cost (1/15-1/8 of
incineration method; 1/5-1/3 of composting disposal method), wide applicable scope,
and it can control secondary pollution under scientific site selection and applying
necessary environmental measures, reasonable landfill site structure. The urban
garbage in China has high content of inorganic substance, low calorific value, and big
water content and the sanitary landfill will be applied in a long time under the current
economic conditions. For more than a decade, the disposal capacity through sanitary
landfill in China has been increased to current over 70% from the 11% at the
beginning of 1990s.
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Composting disposal refers to use microorganism to break down the organic
matters in garbage under control conditions. This method depends on the organic
components of garbage. In case the organic matter is degraded to reach harmless
requirements through long-time anaerobic fermentation, a large amount of
composting can be gotten through selection, which can be used to improve the fertility
of soil. However, offensive odor is easily yielded during fermentation, whose
technological conditions are difficult to control. In addition, composting products also
have matters that are difficult to degrade, for instance, glass particles. In recent years,
the heavy metal residues of composting are gaining increasing attention and the
selection of composting technology is very careful.
Incineration method is a high temperature heat treatment technology, which can
realize the harmless, reduction and resource recovery of garbage through oxidation
and combustion reaction. By March, 2005, about 20 incineration plants had been
completed and put into operation in Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen, but its
investment cost is high, suitable for cities with developed economy.
Recovery treatment is to implement garbage classification first and select
garbage treatment method according to the types of garbage. At present, the sorting
collection of urban garbage in China is preliminarily implemented in some big cities,
such as Beijing and Shanghai, and most regions still apply mixed collection. While
garbage classification in foreign countries has formed a type of normative system and
common residents also have high sense of classification. See Table 6.2-2 for the
characteristics of landfill, incineration and composting disposal method.
From comparison, the disposal method of incineration can effectively reduce
garbage weight and volume and land for landfill, and obtain certain energy efficiency.
Through proper purification treatment of incineration gas and safety treatment of fly
ash, it is possible to control secondary pollution and realize reduction, harmless and
partly resource recovery. It is the ideal garbage treatment technology for cities with
developed economy and limit land resource, as well as one of the methods for the
multiple comprehensive treatment development of urban garbage.
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Table 6.2-2 Comparison of Domestic Waste Disposal Method
Item Sanitary landfill Incineration High temperature composting
Adaptability Applicable to general garbage Thermal value shall be not less than 5,000kJ/kg The content of organic matter shall be more than 40~
60%
Reliability Reliable Reliable Reliable
Operation safety Prevention of fire and explosion Good Good
Site selection Difficult to select site, with limit capacity of
landfill site. Easy to select site. Easy to select site.
Area Big Small Moderate
Treatment process
Simple process equipment, easy to operate,
difficult to sewage treatment, disposable
landfill site
Complex process equipment, high requirements for
operation management, reliable technology, run
continuously round-the-clock
Simple process equipment, it can be solved by sewage
treatment, long treatment period, residue needs to be
landfilled
Final disposal None The residue needs to be landfilled, accounting for more than
15% of the initial amount
Non-composting matter needs to be landfilled,
accounting for more than 30% of the initial amount
Product market Sanitary landfill for methane recovery and
the methane can be used to generate power
The thermal energy or electrical energy can be used by the
society, with good economic benefits
There is certain difficult to carry out composting
market and various measures are needed.
Energy meaning Some have Continuous operation None
Resource utilization Recover soil utilization or regenerate soil
resource
Garbage sorting can recycle some matters and transform
resource utilization Used as fertilizer and recycle part matter
Underground water
pollution
Needs impermeable protection and leakage
may still happens Smallest possibility Smallest possibility
Atmospheric pollution Controlled by measures such as air guide The purification treatment of gas can control atmospheric Little odor
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Item Sanitary landfill Incineration High temperature composting
and cover pollution
Soil pollution It is limited to landfill site area None It is needed to control the content of harmful
substances
Impact on environment Big Smallest Smaller
Management level General Higher Higher
Working environment Bad Good Worse
Unit investment RMB 150,000~ 250,000 Yuan/t RMB 400,000~ 600,000 Yuan/t RMB 300,000~ 500,000 Yuan/t
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6.2.3 Advancement of the Selected Furnace Model
According to combustion method, the model of furnace can be divided into
mechanical stoker incinerator, fluidized bed incinerator, rotary kiln incinerator and
thermal pyrolysis incinerator. See Table 6.2-3 for the comparison of the
comprehensive performance of typical furnace models.
Table 6.2-3 Comparative Statement of the Comprehensive Performance of
Typical Furnace Models (Incinerators)
Item Mechanical
stoker incinerator
Fluidized bed
incinerator
Rotary kiln
incinerator
Thermal
pyrolysis
gasification
incinerator
Stoker style Mechanical
stoker
No stoker No stoker No stoker
Main transmission
mechanism
Stoker None Furnace bogy Garbage
feeding
Pressure of
combustion air
Low High Low Low
Contact between
garbage and air
Better Better Better Good
Firing up Faster Fast Slow Fast
Secondary
combustion
chamber
No need No need Need Need
Temperature of flue
gas
Low Middle Lower High
Dust content of flue
gas
Lower Higher Higher Lowest
Area Big Small Middle Middle
Garbage broken
situation
Need Need No need No need
Volume of
combustion furnace
Bigger Small Big Bigger
Status of
combustion furnace
Still Still Rotary Still
Unburned residue Less 5% Little ≤2% Less 5% Little 3%
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Operation Convenient Convenient Convenient Convenient
Thermal value
applicable to
garbage
Wide Low High Low
Applicable garbage
water content
Higher High Lower Low
Garbage treatment
amount of single
furnace
Big Big Middle Small
History of garbage
incineration
Long Longer Longer Short
Equipment
investment
High Low Lower Lower
Maintenance
workload
Many Less Less More
Stoker Incinerator
Mechanical stoker incinerator is the earlier developed garbage incinerator model.
The forms of mechanical stoker incinerator change according to the structure and
mode of motion, but the basic principle of combustion is similar. Garbage is
implemented stratified combustion on stoker and the ash residue is discharged out of
furnace after dryness, combustion. All stokers apply different methods to loosen the
garbage layers and make garbage fully contact with air, thus to reach ideal combustion
effect. The air for the combustion of garbage is sent from the bottom of the stoker.
According to thermal value and water of garbage, the wind sent into furnace can be
heat wind or cold wind, and different stoker structures have different stoker ventilation
ways. According to the mode of motion and structure, the models of mechanical stoker
incinerator include reciprocate stoker, rolling stoker, multistage wave stoker and pulse
cast stoker. The main model includes reciprocate stoker and rolling stoker.
The advantages of stoker furnace include:
• Mature technology, especially, it is used almost for all large-scale incineration
plant and is the most popular model to dispose domestic waste incineration with the
biggest amount;
• It can adapt to the features of high water and low thermal value of domestic
waste and it can ensure full combustion of garbage without adding auxiliary fuel;
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• Reliable and convenient to operate, strong adaptability to garbage and difficult
to cause secondary pollution;
• Low requirements to the pretreatment of garbage and relatively low operation
fees;
• Long service life, stable and reliable, and convenient to operate and
maintenance.
Fluidized Bed Incineration Technology
Fluidized bed technology was used to incinerate industrial sludge in 1960s, to
incinerate domestic waste in 1970s, and it was popularized in Japan in 1980s with the
market share of 10%. But at the late 1990s, the application in domestic waste
incineration decreased significantly because of the increase of smoke emission
standard and disadvantages of fluidized incinerator, such high fly ash quantity and fly
ash hot burning reduction rate and difficult to control.
The incineration mechanism of fluidized bed incinerator is similar to that of coal
fluidized bed, which uses the big thermal content of bed material to ensure the full
combustion of garbage, and garbage is fed until the bed material is heated to about
600℃, keeping the temperature of bed layer at 850℃. Fluidized bed incinerator can
implement incineration treatment to any garbage, full combustion. But troubles are
easily to happen to the garbage with strict requirements for crush pretreatment. In
recent years, fluidized bed incinerator is used to a certain degree in China, but most
fluidized bed incinerators cannot incinerate commonly without coal. Therefore, there
are disputes on garbage incineration application, which need to be further perfected.
Thermal Pyrolysis Incinerator
Thermal pyrolysis incinerator refers to one that can break down organic matters
at certain temperature (500~600℃) under anoxia or non-oxidation atmosphere, and
the organic matters will undergo thermal pyrolysis to change it into thermal
decomposition gas (burning mixture); Then lead the thermal decomposition gas into
combustion chamber for combustion, thus to break down organic pollutants, and the
waste heat can be used to generate electricity and provide heat. The pyrolysis
technology is widely used and is applied to deal with various kinds of garbage. Since
it is affected by garbage features and the features of follow-up thermal pyrolysis gas
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(thermal value and components), the combustion is difficult to control, the ash residue
is difficult to burn fully and the discharge is difficult to reach standard.
Moreover, in Europe and Japan, thermal pyrolysis always applies rotary kiln
incinerator and fluidized bed incinerator, which can burn out ash residue and melt to
glass ash residue together with combustion melting furnace. This technology is used
in developed countries, but it requires high thermal value of garbage, high costs of
plant construction, and its operation cost is two times of that of mechanical stoker.
Rotary Kiln
The rotary kiln incineration system is designed from the rotary burning kiln
widely used in the firebrick lining of concrete industry. Garbage is fed from the front
end on the top of the slant and slowly rotary kiln, with the forward velocity controlled
by rotation speed, so as to make the garbage finish dryness, combustion and cooling
of ash in the conveying process in rotary kiln, and the cooled ash residue is discharged
out from the end behind the furnace kiln. The whole furnace body of rotary kiln can
be made by welding the cooling pipe and steel plate with holes, or adding fire
protective lining to the interior of steel barrel. The furnace body shall be inclined to
the downside and can be divided into three blocks, namely dryness mixture,
combustion and post-combustion, supporting by front and rear rolling wheels, chain
wheel drives wheel to rotate furnace body and garbage is on furnace body and obtain
good flapping of copper and transmitted forward because of rotation. The preheated
air goes into kiln through the steel plate with holes at the bottom to make garbage
combust fully.
The features of rotary kiln include wide fuel adaptability, incinerating wastes
with different performance, with a few mechanical parts and little faults, and
continuous operation for a long time. But the heat efficient of rotary kiln is low, in
case auxiliary fuel is needed, the consumption is much, the discharged gas has low
temperature and offensive odor, which need deodorization device or incineration in
high temperature post-combustion chamber. Since the kiln body is long with big area
and the strict requirements for the stoker structure of post-combustion chamber, it has
high cost and price. Rotary kiln is usually used to industrial wastes with complex
components and toxicity and harness and medical garbage, with little application in
present domestic waste incineration.
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At present, the large-scale incinerator widely applied in China is mechanical
stoker incinerator and fluidized bed incinerator. It is stated in Technological Policy for
Treatment of Domestic Wastes and Its Pollution Prevention, which is issued by
Ministry of Construction, State Environmental Protection Administration and
Ministry of Science and Technology that “Current waste incineration is supposed to
use grate furnace-based mature technology and the use of other type of incinerators
shall be carefully decided”. Meanwhile, combining with the successful cases of Phase
engineering and Phase engineering , the Stage engineering still applies the
mechanical stoker from Kepple Seghers company of Belgium, easy to management
and maintenance.
According to the Current National Focus on Encouraging and Development
Environmental Industry Equipment (Products) Catalogue (2007) issued by State
Environmental Protection Administration and National Development and Reform
Commission, the technology conditions of Phase expansion engineering comply
with the main indicators and technical requirements of “63. Incineration Equipment
for Solid Wastes”, the performance of garbage grabbing crane complies with the main
indicators and technical requirements of “64. Garbage Grabbing Crane”, so as to
encourage and develop environmental protection industrial equipment.
6.2.4 Advancement of Pollution Treatment Facilities
Gas purification technology is determined by the pollutant component, density
and implemented emission standard in the waste gas yielded during the process of
garbage incineration. Normally, gas purification technology mainly controls acidic
gas (HCl, HF and SO2), particulate matter, heavy metal and organic poisons (dioxin
and furan), and acidic gas desorption and particulate matter gathering is the key to
technology design. At present, gas purification technology mainly includes dry
purification, semi-dry purification, wet purification, NOx purification and activated
carbon injection. Each technology has many combinations, which are introduced
briefly as follows.
(1) Dry Purification
It was widely used before 1980s. With the increasing strict environmental
protection standard, its application becomes less and less. The typical technology is
the combination of dry absorption reaction tower and bag filter. The smoke yielded by
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combustion directly enters into dry absorption reaction tower and occur chemical
neutralization reaction and generate harmless neutral salt particles, then enters into the
downstream bag filter, where the reaction product, dust in smoke and absorbent that
doesn’t take part in reaction are gathered, thus to reach the purpose of purification.
The removal rate for HC1 of this method is generally 80%~90%.
Dry purification has simple technology, low investment, no waste water, small
equipment corrosion, high gas temperature and no white smoke generated. Its
disadvantages include large agent dosage, with the excess coefficient reaching over 3,
and the deacidification efficient of 50%~80%. In order to adapt to the increasing
requirements of environment, this method is not used frequently.
(2) Semi-dry Purification
The semi-dry Purification technology is the garbage incineration gas treatment
technology that is widely used in domestic and foreign garbage incineration plants. Its
absorbent mainly applies Ca (OH) 2; the typical technology is the combination of
spray dry reaction tower and bag filter.
Ca (OH) 2 applies pneumatic transport and it becomes salt through spray
humidifier and acidic gas reaction. Fluidized absorbent has large reaction area with
smoke, water spray inside of the tower increases the activity of absorbent, effectively
increasing the reaction rate of absorbent and the acidic gas within the tower and
enhancing the absorption effect. The smoke with a large amount of saccharoid enters
into the downstream bag filter from reaction tower and some lime without reaction is
attached to filter bag and react again with the acidic gas that goes through the filter
bag, thus to further promote the removal rate.
The semi-dry purification technology has high rate of SO2 removal, that of HC1
can reach over 90%, and that of heavy metal can reach over 99% (except mercury),
with little drag usage, without waste water. And its disadvantages include the decrease
of gas temperature, generating white smoke.
(3) Wet Purification
This technology is widely used in some countries with developed economy and
technology, and the typical technology is the combination of wet scrubber tower and
bag filter. Wet scrubber tower can obtain optimum efficiency to the control of SO2
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and HC1, with the absorption efficiency controlled by the seep of acidic gas spread to
alkaline absorption droplet. In case of design, it is required to increase the contact area
and time of gas and liquid, and increase the density of absorbent in rising droplet.
The alkaline liquor used in wet scrubber tower is usually NaOH solution and
lime Ca (OH) 2 solution. Since slaked lime is cheap, slaked lime solution is dominated.
Slaked lime solution reacts with acidic gas and forms calcium salt and its washing
water shall be clarified, concentrated and filtered, so as to prevent the deposit in
equipment.
The great advantage of wet purification technology is the high acid removal rate,
which is proved by foreign actual performance: its removal rate of HC1 can reach
over 95% and that of SO2 can reach over 80%, it also has high removal rate to organic
pollutant and heavy metal. Its disadvantage is that it generates waste water with high
concentration of organic chlorine salt and heavy metal which can only be discharged
after reaching standard through treatment, with high equipment investment and
operation fees.
(4) Activated Carbon Injection
To ensure the emission of heavy metal (especially Hg) and organic toxicant
(dioxin and furan) reach the lowest standard, some foreign companies gradually apply
activated carbon spray absorption as the auxiliary measure of gas purification.
Activated carbon has great specific surface area, which has strong absorption
ability to heavy metal and dioxin. Normally, activated carbon spray is used together
with bag filter and activated carbon nozzle is placed at the inlet end of bag filter
(forward as much as possible), thus activated carbon can strongly mix with smoke and
absorb certain quantity pollutants. Although it doesn’t reach saturation, it can be
attached to the filter bag of bag filter and contact again with smoke, so as to increase
the absorption and purification to pollutants and make it discharge at a lower
concentration.
(5) NOx Purification
The aforementioned technologies has higher removal rate to acidic gas, organic
matters and heavy metal, but not to NOx. Due to the limitations of furnace low
nitrogen combustion technology, although applying improved combustion technology
can reach certain NOx control effect, it is required to implement denitration treatment
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to combustion smoke to further reduce the emission of NOx.
The popular denitration technology for smoke can mainly divided into dry
method, semi-dry method and wet method. Dry method includes selective
noncatalytic reduction method (SNCR), selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and
electron beam joint desulfurization denitration method; semi-dry method includes
activated carbon joint desulfurization denitration method; wet method includes ozone
oxidation absorption method.
At present, dry denitration is widely. Dry SNCR is to spray reductive agent into
the second combustion area of garbage incinerator to reduce nitrogen oxide, while
SCR is to reduce nitrogen oxide into N2 through catalyst. Under the function of
catalyst, the reaction can be finished under 400℃. Considering from technical feasible,
economic feasible, the existing Phase engineering and Phase engineering apply the
garbage incinerator smoke denitration technology of Petro Miljö company from
Sweden, to finish SNCR denitration technical reconstruction to the existing 5
incinerators by using ammonia water as reluctant. At present, the denitration system
operates stably with the average NOx value controlled under 200mg/m3.
See Table 6.2-5 for the typical technology comparison of smoke purification.
Table 6.2-5 Typical Technology Comparison of Smoke Purification
Item Compared Dry absorption + Bag
filter
Semi-dry absorption +
Bag filter
Wet absorption + Bag
filter
Emission
concentration of
SO2
<300 <200 <60
Emission
concentration of
HCl
<80 <30 <30
Emission
concentration of
particulate matter
<30 <10 <10
Removal rate of
heavy metal and
organic toxicant
Higher High High
Output of fly ash More Normal Less
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Output of sludge
and waste water None None More
Engineering
investment Lower Normal High
Operational cost Higher Normal High
After the completion of Phase expansion engineering, through “bring the old
by the new” measure, the smoke purification system of the factory applies SNCR
denitration + semi-dry neutralization tower + dry deacidification + activated carbon
absorption + bag filter, absorb dioxins and heavy metal after denitration and
deacidification, discharge to air after final dedusting. According to the acceptance of
current engineering, results of the routine monitoring data and designed data analysis,
applying the aforementioned smoke treatment methods can ensure all pollutants in
incineration smoke stable and standard discharge.
6.2.5 Automatic Control Level
This project applies international advanced DCS automatic control system and
uses color LCD/keyboard as main monitoring and control method in centralized
control room to realize the monitoring and control of the whole garbage power station,
including three garbage incinerators, two steam turbine generator units and various
auxiliary system and auxiliary equipment, thus to finish data collection (DAS), analog
control (MCS), sequential control (SCS) and chain safeguard.
6.2.6 Energy and Resource Utilization
After the project is completed and put into operation, the daily treatment capacity
of domestic waste is 1980t/a and the annual treatment quantity is 659,300 ton/year. It
not only reduces garbage capacity effectively and save the area of garbage landfill site,
but implements recovery and comprehensive utilization to the waste heat of garbage.
Thus it can be seen that applying domestic waste incineration Waste-to-Energy
has significant benefit to the recovery and utilization of energy.
6.2.7 Pollutant Emission Level
According to the operation monitoring data of current engineering and the
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requirements of technology design for this expansion engineering during the
development process of the enterprise, the emission concentration of the incinerator
waste gas pollutant of this engineering is designed in accordance with EU 2000
Standard. Compared domestic, international and EU standards, it can meet the control
level required in China and the emission of pollutants of this project can reach
domestic advanced level. See Table 6.2-6 for the control level of the emission
concentration of engineering incinerator pollutants.
Table 6.2-6 Control Limit Value for Domestic Waste Incineration Smoke and
Designed Indicators for Pollutant Emission
Item The project National Standard EU 92 EU 2000
Dust ≤30 80 50 10
HCl ≤10 75 50 10
HF ≤1 / 2 1
CO ≤150 150 100 50
SO2 ≤260 260 300 50
NOX ≤400 400 / 200
Cd ≤0.1 0.1 0.1 0.05
Hg ≤0.2 0.2 0.1 0.05
Pb ≤1.6 1.6 / 0.5
Dioxin ngTEQ/m3
≤0.1 1.0 0.1 0.1
Smoke blackness ≤1 1
Clinker ignition losses (%) ≤2% 5.0
While establishing expansion engineering, it is required to take the measure of
“bring the old by the new” to further reduce the emission quantity of gas, such as dust
and HCl.
6.2.8 Environment Management Level
This project sets smoke continuous monitoring system whose online data can be
accessed to by relevant government departments through the reserved communication
interface, online monitoring management.
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6.2.9 Water Saving Measures
Upgrading reconstruction is implemented to leachate treatment station, which
can not only reduce the emission of waste water pollutant, but also increase the
recovery rate of recycled water, reduce the consumption of fresh water, thus to realize
recycling utilization.
The usage of circulating water of this project is 4,500m3/h, that of fresh water is
1,779m3/d, and the total amount of recycle water is 880m
3/d. Through calculation, the
recycling utilization rate of water of this project is 98.4%, and the repeated utilization
rate of this project is 99.2%.
6.2.10 Comparison of Cleaner Production Indicators
See 6.2-7 for the comparison of cleaner production indicators of energy
consumption and water consumption of phase engineering and current
engineering. As is shown in the table, the indicators of phase engineering cleaner
production has increased than that of current engineering by certain degree.
Table 6.2-7 Comparison of Cleaner Production Level Indicators
Domestic unit
Project indicator
Current phase
engineering
Current phase
engineering
phase
expansion
engineering
Production
technical
indicator
Design capacity
(t/d) 350×3 500×2 500×3
Incinerator
model
Mechanical
incinerator stoker
Mechanical
incinerator stoker
Mechanical
incinerator stoker
Thermal value
of the feed-in
garbage
(kcal/kg)
1,200~1,300 1,200~1,300 1,200~1,300
Electric energy
production per
ton of garbage
(kwh/t)
330 350 390
Material
consumption
Lime
consumption
(kg/t garbage)
12.35 12.35 15.75
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Consumption of
activated carbon
(kg/t garbage)
0.32 0.32 0.516
Emission
indicator of
pollutants
Dioxin (TEQ
ng/m3)
<0.079 (Average) <0.079 (Average) 0.05 (Average)
Dust (mg/m3) 4.07~20.0 4.07~20.0 <10
SO2 mg/m3
10.5 (Average) 10.5 (Average) <10
NOX mg/m3
<171 <171 <180
HCl mg/m3
6.5 (Average) 6.5 (Average) <5.1 (Average)
CO mg/m3
<37.5 <37.5 <50
Water
consumption
Recycling
utilization rate 82 82 98.4
Repeated
utilization rate 82.7 82.7 99.2
Energy
consumption
Electricity
(10,000 kwh/a) 1,984.9 2,433.2 3,548.3
Tap water
(10,000 m3/a)
68.5 75.8 54.4
Compressed air
(m3/a)
1,070.4 1,070.4 912
Diesel oil (t/a) 120 120 150
6.2.11 Conclusion
Stage expansion engineering applies mechanical stoker incinerator to
dispose domestic waste with high coefficiency of equipment safety, low cost of
equipment manufacturing and operation; Operation realizes fully mechanization and
automatization; strong adaptability to domestic waste, it reaches domestic advanced
level on energy consumption and pollutant control and emission. While establishing
expansion engineering, it is required to take the measure of “bring the old by the new”
to further reduce the emission quantity of gas, such as dust and HCl, thus to increase
the recovery rate of recycled water, reduce the consumption of fresh water, thus to
realize recycling utilization.
6.3 Recycling Economy
This project incinerates domestic waste and use the waste heat of incineration to
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generate electricity. The project that makes wastes resource recovery realizes
recycling economy.
Pollution at different degrees are brought to surrounding environment and
groundwater caused by the sewage, methane and offensive odor naturally generated in
landfill site and occupation of large amount of land. To properly solve the impacts of
domestic waste on ecological environment and develop recycling economy, the end
treatment method dominated by incineration and supplemented by sanitary landfill is
mainly applied to domestic waste, changing the traditional treatment method of direct
landfill for primary domestic waste. The advantages of incineration treatment include
greatly reducing garbage volume and weight, with the ash residue after incineration
can be used comprehensively; fast speed of garbage treatment without long-term
storage; the energy can be recovered to used in Waste-to-Energy and heat supply;
through reasonably organize incineration process and comprehensive optimum design
of incinerator system, the secondary pollution can be lowered to the lowest degree,
thus to reach the emission indicator.
According to statistics, 97% of urban garbage in China cannot be disposed at
present, which can only be piled or landfilled. The losses of cities in China caused by
garbage are between RMB 25 billion and RMB 30 billion each year. In case they are
recovered, an output over RMB 250 billion can be created. As early as the middle of
the last century, developed countries in Europe and America had begun to research
Waste-to-Energy by garbage and harmless treatment, which are gradually put into
commercial operation between 1960s and 1970s under the substantial support and
promotion of governments. Nowadays, countries in Europe and America have
populated and promoted Waste-to-Energy by garbage, for instance, German has 78
plants and America has nearly 400 plants. Due to the shortage of land resource, Japan
spare no efforts to promote Waste-to-Energy by garbage and the incineration rate has
reached 73%, ranking the first place all over the world.
At present, the treatment of domestic waste shall stick to the principle of
“reduction, resource recovery and harmless”, reduction is the inevitable requirement
for garbage treatment and resource recovery is the development direction of garbage
treatment.
This project adapts to the trend of industrialization of garbage treatment, use the
waste heat yielded from garbage incineration to generate electricity, and realize
reduction (over 85%), resource recovery (annual export electricity of 156 million kwh,
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comprehensive utilization of ash residue) and harmless (solidification landfill of fly
ash) of domestic waste.
7 Investigation on Regional Pollution Sources and
Investigation and Evaluation of Present
Environmental Quality Condition
7.1 Investigation on Regional Pollution Sources
7.1.1 Investigation and Evaluation of Ambient Pollution Source
According to the emission declaration statistic data of enterprises within the
scope of evaluation, see Table 7.1-1 for the emission condition of each enterprise, in
which, the standard value of SO2, dust and NOX is 0.5mg/m3, 0.45mg/m
3, 0.24mg/m
3
respectively.
Table 7.1-1 Investigation on Present Condition of Ambient Pollution Sources
(unit: t/a)
Item
Enterprise Name Coal SO2 Soot NOX
Suzhou Wuzhong Fengye Adhesive Factory 36 0.576 0.27 0.274
Suzhou Peacock Food Additive Co., Ltd. 180 2.88 0.135 1.368
Suzhou Changlin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 480 7.68 3.6 3.648
Suzhou Fuda Chemical Fiber Printing & Dyeing Co., Ltd. 1,500 24 11.25 11.4
Suzhou Wuzhong Chuanmu Chemical Co., Ltd. 70 1.12 0.525 0.532
Specialty Chemicals (Suzhou) Inc. 218.55 6 0.318 0.335
SANYO Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. 1,046.126 14.36 1.52216 1.67
Total 3,530.676 56.616 17.62016 19.227
Evaluation Method
Adopt equiscalar pollution load method and pollution load ratio method for
comparison.
The equiscalar pollution load of a certain pollutant in the waste gas: iP
iii CQP 0/
Where, iC0 refers to the evaluation criterion of pollutants (mg/m3)
iQ Refers to the absolute emission of pollutants (t/a).
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The equiscalar pollution load of a certain pollution source (factory): nP
jiPiPnj
i
.......3,2,11
The total equiscalar pollution load within the evaluation area: P
knPnPk
n
.....3,2,11
The pollution load ratio of a certain pollutant in the pollution source or
evaluation area: Ki
%100Pn
PiKi
The pollution load ratio of a certain pollution source within the evaluation area:
Kn
%100P
PnKn
Evaluation Result
See Table 7.1-2 for the evaluation results of air pollution sources which are
calculated based on the equiscalar pollution load method:
Table 7.1-2 Equiscalar Pollution Load and Equiscalar Pollution Load Ratio
Item
Enterprise Name
P (SO2)
109m
3/a
P (Flue
dust)
109m
3/a
P (NOX)
109m
3/a
ΣPn
109m
3/a
Kn
%
Suzhou Wuzhong Fengye Adhesive Factory 1.2 0.3 1.1 2.6 2
Suzhou Peacock Food Additive Co., Ltd. 5.8 0.2 5.7 11.6 6
Suzhou Changlin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 15.4 4.0 15.2 34.6 16
Suzhou Fuda Chemical Fiber Printing &
Dyeing Co., Ltd. 48.0 12.5 47.5 108.0 50
Suzhou Wuzhong Chuanmu Chemical Co., Ltd. 2.2 0.6 2.2 5.0 2.3
Specialty Chemicals (Suzhou) Inc. 12.0 0.4 1.4 13.7 6.4
SANYO Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. 28.7 1.7 7.0 37.4 17
ΣPi(109m
3/a) 113.3 19.7 80.1 212.9 100
Ki(%) 38.5 13.9 43.1 100
We can conclude from the table above that within the evaluation area the main
air pollution type is coal-fired flue gas pollution, the main air pollution enterprises are
SANYO Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. and Suzhou Fuda Chemical Fiber Printing &
Dyeing Co., Ltd., and the main pollutants are SO2 and NOX with the equiscalar load
ratio of 50% and 17% respectively.
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7.1.2 Investigation and Evaluation on Water Pollution Source
See Table 7.1-3 for the emission statistic data of the sewage disposal plants
within the evaluation area. It can be seen that the emissions of the sewage disposal
plants within the evaluation area are large and the sewage emissions account for
70.3% of the statistic data.
Table 7.1-3 Emission Data of Water Pollution Sources Within the Evaluation
Area (unit: t/a)
Item
Enterprise Name
Sewage
10,000 t/a COD Ammonia nitrogen
Total
phosphorus
Suzhou Wuzhong Suxin Water
Disposal Co., Ltd. 45 45 6.75 0.225
Suzhou Wuzhong Mudu Sewage
Disposal Plant 730 438 109.5 3.65
Suzhou Wuzhong Xukou Sewage
Disposal Plant 150 90 22.5 0.75
Suzhou New District Sewage
Disposal Plant 2,190 1,095 109.5 10.95
Total 3,115 1,668 248.25 15.575
Adopt equiscalar pollution load method and pollution load ratio method for
comparison.
The equiscalar pollution load of a certain pollutant in sewage: iP
iii CQP 0/
Where, iC0 refers to the evaluation criterion of pollutants (mg/L);
iQ Refers to the absolute emission of pollutant (t/a).
The equiscalar pollution load of a certain pollution source (factory): nP
jiPiPnj
i
.......3,2,11
The total equiscalar pollution load within the evaluation area: P
knPnPk
n
.....3,2,11
The pollution load ratio of a certain pollutant in the pollution source or
evaluation area: Ki
%100Pn
PiKi
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The pollution load ratio of a certain pollution source within the evaluation area:
Kn
%100P
PnKn
Evaluation Result
See Table 7.1-4 for the evaluation results of sewage pollution sources which are
calculated with the esquiscalar pollution load method based on the above pollutant
emissions of pollution sources. And the standard values of COD, ammonia nitrogen
and total phosphorus are 20mg/L, 1.0mg/L and 0.2mg/L respectively.
Of all the pollution sources, the esquiscalar emission of Suzhou New District is the
biggest, accounting for 53.5%. Of all the pollution factors, the esquiscalar emission of
ammonia nitrogen is the biggest, accounting for 60.6%.
Table 7.1.4 Evaluation Results of Pollution Sources
Item
Enterprise Name
PCOD
106m
3/a
PAmmonia
nitrogen
106m
3/a
PTotal
phosphorus
106m
3/a
ΣPn
106m
3/a
Kn
%
Suzhou Wuzhong Suxin Water Disposal Co.,
Ltd. 2.25 6.75 1.125 10.125 2.5
Suzhou Wuzhong Mudu Sewage Disposal
Plant 21.9 109.5 18.25 149.65 36.5
Suzhou Wuzhong Xukou Sewage Disposal
Plant 4.5 22.5 3.75 30.75 7.5
Suzhou New District Sewage Disposal Plant 54.75 109.5 54.75 219 53.5
ΣPi(106m
3/a)
83.4 248.25 77.875 409.525
Ki(%) 20.4 60.6 19.0
7.2 Investigation on Present Environmental Quality Condition
7.2.1 Monitoring and Evaluation of Present Ambient Air Quality
Condition
(1) Setting of Monitoring Points
Based on the scope of evaluation area and the all-year predominant wind
direction, and in consideration of factors of this project such as the emission condition
of atmospheric pollutants and protected objects, 6 ambient air quality monitoring
points are set totally.
The average predominant wind direction in winter in past few years is ENE; see
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Table 7.2-1 and Fig.1.7-1 for the details of atmospheric monitoring points.
Table 7.2-1 Position of Air Monitoring Points
S/N Monitoring Point Dire
ction
Distance
(m) Monitoring Items Remarks
G1 Shangfang
Mountain SE 1,600
PM10, SO2, NO2, HCl, CO,
Fluoride, Cd, Hg, Pb, H2S, NH3
Actual
Measurement
G2 Qizi Lot, Gusu
Village NNE 1,200
CO, Cd, Hg, Pb , SO2, NO2,
PM10, NH3, H2S, Fluoride, HCl
Actual
Measurement
for CO, Cd,
Hg and Pb;
Citation for
other items
G3 Fenghuang Lot SW 1,100 PM10, SO2, NO2, HCl, CO,
Fluoride, Cd, Hg, Pb, H2S, NH3
Actual
Measurement
G4 Former Lita
Village NW 600
PM10, SO2, NO2, HCl, CO,
Fluoride, Cd, Hg, Pb, H2S, NH3
Actual
Measurement
G5 Former Tiangou
Village NW 1,350
PM10, SO2, NO2, HCl, CO,
Fluoride, Cd, Hg, Pb, H2S, NH3
Actual
Measurement
G6 Mudu Town
(Guzhen District) NW 3,000
PM10, SO2, NO2, HCl, CO,
Fluoride, Cd, Hg, Pb, H2S, NH3
Actual
Measurement
(2) Monitoring Time and Frequency
Monitoring time: From April 20, 2011 to April 27, 2011; the monitoring factors
include PM10, SO2, NO2, HCl, CO, Fluoride, Cd, Hg, Pb, H2S and NH3. For the
hourly concentration of SO2, NO2, CO, HCl, H2S and NH3, sample for 7 days and 4
times each day; for the average daily concentration of SO2, NO2 and CO, sample for 7
days and 18 hours each day; for the average daily concentration of PM10, sample for 7
days and 12 hours each day; for the average daily concentration of Fluoride, sample 7
days and 12 hours each day; for the average daily concentration of Cd, Hg and Pb,
sample 7 days and 4 times each day. Refer to Environmental Evaluation Data (the
New Xujiang City in this report is the Qizi Lot in this report) of Expansion Project of
Everbright Environmental Protection (Suzhou) Solid Waste Disposal Co., Ltd. for the
data (SO2, NO2, PM10, NH3, H2S, Fluoride, HCl) of Qizi Lot, Gusu Village, the
monitoring time is from April 11 to April 17, 2011.
The monitoring frequency shall follow the national standards.
(3) Sampling and Analysis Method: According to the relevant provisions and
requirements of Environmental Monitoring Technical Norms, Monitoring and
Analysis Methods for Air and Waste Gas and National Ambient Air Quality Standard
issued by State Environmental Protection Administration.
(4) Evaluation on the Monitoring Results: Adopt single factor index method. The
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formula is as follows:
jijij SCI /
Where, ijI refers to the single factor quality index of j pollutant at the point of i;
ijC Refers to the actually measured average daily concentration value of j
pollutant at the point of i (mg/m3);
jS Refers to the standard average daily concentration (or reference standard)
value of j pollutant at the point of i (mg/m3).
See Table 7.2-2 for the meteorological parameters during the monitoring period.
Table 7.2-2 Meteorological Parameters during the Monitoring Period
Date Time Temperature
(K)
Atmospheric
Pressure
(kPa)
Relative
Humidity (%)
Wind
Direction
Wind Speed
(m/s)
2011/4/20
1st
Time 287 101.3 75 East Wind 3.1
2nd
Time 289 101.3 73 East Wind 2.7
3rd
Time 292 101.3 68 East Wind 2.6
4th
Time 294 101.3 66 East Wind 2.7
2011/4/22
1st
Time 291 102.1 63 E-S Wind 2.4
2nd
Time 293 102.1 62 E-S Wind 2.7
3rd
Time 296 102.1 58 E-S Wind 2.7
4th
Time 297 102.1 51 E-S Wind 2.7
2011/4/23
1st
Time 293 102.1 68 E-S Wind 2.3
2nd
Time 295 102.1 63 E-S Wind 2.6
3rd
Time 297 102.1 61 E-S Wind 2.5
4th
Time 298 102.1 58 E-S Wind 2.3
2011/4/24
1st
Time 294 102.2 67 E-S Wind 2.8
2nd
Time 296 102.2 61 E-S Wind 2.8
3rd
Time 298 102.2 57 E-S Wind 2.7
4th
Time 301 102.2 47 E-S Wind 3.1
2011/4/25
1st
Time 291 102.1 47 E-S Wind 2.9
2nd
Time 295 102.1 38 E-S Wind 3.1
3rd
Time 297 102.1 35 E-S Wind 2.7
4th
Time 298 102.1 31 E-S Wind 2.3
2011/4/26
1st
Time 298 102.3 38 W-S Wind 2.8
2nd
Time 301 102.3 29 W-S Wind 2.9
3rd
Time 302 102.3 25 W-S Wind 3.2
4th
Time 302 102.3 23 W-S Wind 3.3
2011/4/27
1st
Time 289 102.1 75 E-S Wind 2.4
2nd
Time 293 102.1 63 E-S Wind 2.7
3rd
Time 294 102.1 57 E-S Wind 2.8
4th
Time 296 102.1 51 E-S Wind 2.7
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Table 7.2-3 The Monitoring Results of Present Ambient Air Quality Condition within the Evaluation Area
Item Monitoring Point
Hourly Average Value Average Daily Value Maximum
Pollution
Index Concentration Range
(mg/m3)
Over-standard
Rate (%)
Maximum
Over-standard
Multiple
Concentration
Range (mg/m3)
Over-standard
Rate (%)
Maximum
Over-standard
Multiple
SO2
Shangfang Mountain 0.02~0.061 / / 0.026~0.046 / / 0.31
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.01~0.07 / / 0.022~0.054 / / 0.36
Fenghuang Lot 0.023~0.061 / / 0.025~0.040 / / 0.27
Former Lita Village 0.015~0.055 / / 0.020~0.050 / / 0.33
Fomer Tiangou Village 0.022~0.059 / / 0.020~0.041 / / 0.27
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.023~0.061 / / 0.024~0.073 / / 0.49
NO2
Shangfang Mountain 0.017~0.078 / / 0.040~0.061 / / 0.51
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.009~0.086 / / 0.022~0.061 / / 0.51
Fenghuang Lot 0.016~0.071 / / 0.019~0.089 / / 0.74
Former Lita Village 0.020~0.069 / / 0.011~0.057 / / 0.48
Former Tiangou Village 0.015~0.077 / / 0.030~0.058 / / 0.48
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.045~0.071 / / 0.043~0.083 / / 0.69
PM10
Shangfang Mountain / / / 0.11~0.13 / / 0.87
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village / / / 0.098~0.13 / / 0.87
Fenghuang Lot / / / 0.11~0.13 / / 0.87
Former Lita Village / / / 0.11~0.13 / / 0.87
Former Tiangou Village / / / 0.11~0.13 / / 0.87
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) / / / 0.11~0.13 / / 0.87
H2S
Shangfang Mountain 0.001~0.004 / / / / / 0.40
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.002~0.007 / / / / / 0.50
Fenghuang Lot 0.001~0.005 / / / / / 0.50
Former Lita Village 0.002~0.005 / / / / / 0.60
Former Tiangou Village 0.002~0.006 / / / / / 0.60
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.002~0.005 / / / / / 0.50
HCl Shangfang Mountain 0.017~0.044 / / / / / 0.88
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.003L~0.054 3.6 1.08 / / / 1.08
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Item Monitoring Point
Hourly Average Value Average Daily Value Maximum
Pollution
Index Concentration Range
(mg/m3)
Over-standard
Rate (%)
Maximum
Over-standard
Multiple
Concentration
Range (mg/m3)
Over-standard
Rate (%)
Maximum
Over-standard
Multiple
Fenghuang Lot 0.020~0.047 / / / / / 0.94
Former Lita Village 0.018~0.050 3.6 1 / / / 1.00
Former Tiangou Village 0.017~0.049 / / / / / 0.98
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.020~0.044 / / / / / 0.88
NH3
Shangfang Mountain 0.01~0.1 / / / / / 0.50
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.03L~0.04 / / / / / /
Fenghuang Lot 0.01L~0.1 / / / / / 0.50
Former Lita Village 0.01L~0.08 / / / / / 0.40
Former Tiangou Village 0.01L~0.11 / / / / / 0.55
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.01L~0.11 / / / / / 0.55
Fluoride
(μg/m3)
Shangfang Mountain 0.9L / / / / / /
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.9L~4.38 / / / / / 0.22
Fenghuang Lot 0.9L / / / / / /
Former Lita Village 0.9L / / / / / /
Former Tiangou Village 0.9L / / / / / /
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.9L / / / / / /
CO
Shangfang Mountain 1~2.5 / / / / / 0.25
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.9~4.4 / / / / / 0.44
Fenghuang Lot 1.1~3.3 / / / / / 0.33
Former Lita Village 0.9~7.1 / / / / / 0.71
Former Tiangou Village 1.1~2.6 / / / / / 0.26
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 1.1~3.6 / / / / / 0.36
Hg(μg/m
3)
Shangfang Mountain 0.003L / / / / / /
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.003L / / / / / /
Fenghuang Lot 0.003L / / / / / /
Former Lita Village 0.003L / / / / / /
Former Tiangou Village 0.003L / / / / / /
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Item Monitoring Point
Hourly Average Value Average Daily Value Maximum
Pollution
Index Concentration Range
(mg/m3)
Over-standard
Rate (%)
Maximum
Over-standard
Multiple
Concentration
Range (mg/m3)
Over-standard
Rate (%)
Maximum
Over-standard
Multiple
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.003L / / / / / /
Pb
Shangfang Mountain 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093
Fenghuang Lot 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093
Former Lita Village 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093
Former Tiangou Village 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.0001L~0.001 / / / / / 0.093
Cd
Shangfang Mountain 0.0003~0.0011 / / / / / 0.11
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.0002~0.001 / / / / / 0.10
Fenghuang Lot 0.0003~0.0009 / / / / / 0.09
Former Lita Village 0.0002~0.0009 / / / / / 0.09
Former Tiangou Village 0.0004~0.0008 / / / / / 0.08
Mudu Town (Guzhen District) 0.0001~0.0007 / / / / / 0.07
*note: Undetected value is indicated as “detection limit L”.
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From the table above, it can be seen that the hourly concentration of SO2, NO2,
H2S, CO and NH3 of all monitoring points can meet the level II standard of Ambient
Air Quality Standard, and the average daily concentration of PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and
Fluoride can meet and higher than the level II standard of Ambient Air Quality
Standard, but the concentration of Hg and Fluoride is undetected. At Qizi Lot, Gusu
Village and Former Lita Village, there is a over-standard (the standard limit value is
0.05mg/m3) of the hourly concentration of HCl respectively, with the over-standard
rate of 3.6%. Through investigation, around the monitoring area are Suzhou Wusheng
Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Chunhua Wiredrawing Co., Ltd., etc., which are enterprises
discharging HCL. According to the Phase II Project Environmental Evaluation Report,
there being over-standard of HCl emission in Mudu Town and Gusu Village within
the evaluation area before the construction of Phase II Project, and the monitoring
result of this time is better than that in 2007. In consideration that the Everbright
Phase III Expansion Project would help to reduce the HCl emissions, so that the
ambient concentration of HCL would be further decreased.
7.2.2 Investigation and Evaluation of Present Surface Water
Environment Quality Condition
7.2.2.1 Monitoring on Present Surface Water Condition
(1) Monitoring Arrangement: Based on the characteristics of river network
within the area as well as the pollutant-contained water bodies, four
monitoring sections are arranged totally. See Table 7.2-4 and Fig.2.1-2
for their specific positions.
Table 7.2-4 Arrangement of Monitoring Sections of Surface Water
Environment
River Section Position of Monitoring Points Monitoring Item Remarks
Jiangnan
Canal
W1
500m at the upstream of sewage
outlet of New District Sewage
Plant
Sulphide, Fluoride,
volatile phenol
Actual
Measurement
W2
500m at the downstream of
sewage outlet of New District
Sewage Plant
pH, SS, chroma,
permanganate index,
CODCr, BOD5, total
nitrogen, ammonia
nitrogen, total phosphorus,
petroleum, sulphide,
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Fluoride, THg, total
chromium, total nickel,
volatile phenol
W3
3500m at the downstream of
sewage outlet of New District
Sewage Plant Sulphide, fluoride, volatile
phenol Xujiang
River W4
100m at the upstream of the
interaction between Canal and
Xujiang River
(2) Monitoring Items: pH, SS, chroma, permanganate index, CODCr, BOD5,
total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, petroleum, sulphide, Fluoride, THg,
total chromium, total nickel, volatile phenol.
(3) Monitoring Time and Frequency: From April 22 to April 24 2011.
Frequency: sample and monitor for three consecutive days and once each day.
(4) Monitoring and Analyzing Methods: According to the provisions and
requirements of the Environmental Monitoring Technical Norms and Standard
Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater issued by State Environmental
Protection Administration.
(5) Evaluation on Present Surface water Environmental Quality Condition
Evaluation Method: Adopt single factor pollution index method;
Calculation method of over-standard rate:
= the number of over-standard×100%/the total number of measurement
The single factor pollution index shall be calculated with the following formula:
ii SCP /
Where, iC refers to the actually measured concentration value of the ith
pollutant; iS refers to the standard value of the ith
evaluation factor. The pollution
index of PH shall, according to the Guidelines, be calculated as follows
The standard index of pH is:
Sd
j
jpHpH
pHS
0.7
0.7, jpH ≤7.0
0.7
0.7,
Su
j
jpHpH
pHS jpH >7.0
Where, SpHj: the standard index of water quality parameter pH at the point of j;
pHj: the pH value at the point of j;
pHsu: the pH upper limit specified in surface water quality standard;
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pHsd: the pH lower limit specified in surface water quality standard;
SDOj: the standard indexes of water quality parameter DO at the point
of j;
DOf: the saturation value of dissolved oxygen at this temperature
(mg/L);
DOj: the actual dissolved oxygen value (mg/L);
DOs: the standard dissolved oxygen value (mg/L);
Tj: the temperature at the point of j (℃).
7.2.2.2 Evaluation on the Monitoring Result of Present Surface
Water Environment Condition
See Table 7.2-5 for the quality statistics and evaluation result of surface water
environment. From Table 7.2-5 it can be seen that the sulphide and violate phenol at
W1, W3 and W4 sections can meet the corresponding standard, the ammonia nitrogen,
total nitrogen, total phosphorus and SS at W2 section are over-standard, and all the
other monitoring factors can meet the IV water quality standard of Environmental
Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). In Taihu Basin, the
over-standard of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus is commonly
seen, and Suzhou Municipal Government has already prepared Regulation Plan for
Taihu Basin, which also put forth regulation plan and requirements for Suzhou section
of Jiangnan Canal: do well in sewage interception, desilting and water distribution of
Canal; make control of the total emissions of pollutants in this Basin; regulate
pollution sources in villages; transform waste disposal plants and raise their standards.
Through the above regulation measures, the water quality of Canal has been improved
gradually.
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Table 7.2-5 Quality Monitoring Data Statistics and Evaluation of Surface Water Environment (unit: mg/L, ℃) pH (dimensionless)
Monitoring Section Monitoring Item Fluoride pH Sulphide COD Ammonia Nitrogen SS Permanganate Index Total Phosphorus Volatile Phenol Total Chromium Total Mercury Petroleum Total Nitrogen Nickel Chroma BOD
W1
Maximum Value 0.97 / 0.005L / / / / / 0.0022 / / / / / / /
Minimum Value 0.90 / 0.005L / / / / / 0.0014 / / / / / / /
Average Concentration 0.94 / / / / / / / 0.0017 / / / / / / /
Maximum Single Factor
Index 0.004 / / / / / / / 0.22 / / / / / / /
Over-standard Rate (%) / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
W2
Maximum Value 1.00 7.60 0.005 19.3 2.56 344 3.8 0.52 0.0026 0.059 0.00018 0.14 5.69 0.002L 64 2.5
Minimum Value 0.80 7.50 0.005L 13.3 1.90 210 3.4 0.18 0.0018 0.003L 0.00014 0.05 4.98 0.002L 8 2.0L
Average Concentration 0.92 / / 16.8 2.26 300 3.6 0.37 0.0023 / 0.00017 0.12 5.30 / 41 /
Maximum Single Factor
Index 0.004 0.3 0.1 0.64 1.71 5.73 0.38 1.73 0.26 / 0.18 0.28 3.79 / / 0.42
Over-standard Rate (%) / / / / 100 100 / 66.7 / / / / 100 / / /
W3
Maximum Value 1.00 / 0.005L / / / / / 0.0022 / / / / / / /
Minimum Value 0.84 / 0.005L / / / / / 0.0014 / / / / / / /
Average Concentration 0.92 / / / / / / / 0.0017 / / / / / / /
Maximum Single Factor
Index 0.004 / / / / / / / 0.17 / / / / / / /
Over-standard Rate (%) / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
Standard Value Level IV 250 6~9 0.5 30 1.5 60 10 0.3 0.01 0.05 0.001 0.5 1.5 / / 6
W4
Maximum Value 0.88 / 0.006 / / / / / 0.0021 / / / / / / /
Minimum Value 1.02 / 0.005L / / / / / 0.0012 / / / / / / /
Average Concentration 0.94 / / / / / / / 0.0015 / / / / / / /
Maximum Single Factor
Index 0.004 / 0.03 / / / / / 0.42 / / / / / / /
Over-standard Rate (%) / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /
Standard Value LevelIII 250 6~9 0.2 20 1.0 30 6 0.2 0.005 0.05 0.0001 0.05 1.0 / / 4
*Note: Undetected value is indicated as “detection limit L”.
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7.2.3 Evaluation on Present Acoustical Environment Quality
Condition
(1) Arrangement of Monitoring Points: Arrange 7 monitoring points at the
boundary of factory and 1 monitoring point at office and living area. See Fig 4.3-1 for
details.
(2) Monitoring item: equivalent sound level A.
(3) Monitoring time and frequency:
Monitoring time and frequency: two days from April 21to April 22, 2011, once
respectively in daytime and nighttime.
(4) Monitoring and analyzing method: According to the relevant provisions and
requirements of Environmental Monitoring Technical Norms issued by State
Environmental Protection Administration
(5) Evaluation on Monitoring Results: Evaluate them by comparing with
Environmental Noise Standard for Urban District.
See Table 7.2-6 for monitoring results.
Table 7.2-6 Environmental Noise Monitoring Results Unit: dB (A)
Monitoring
Position
Monitoring
Position Daytime Nighttime
N1 In the north of
east boundary 53 55 43 44
N2 In the south of
east boundary 57 56 46 42
N3 In the east of
south boundary 56 56 43 44
N4 In the west of
south boundary 55 57 42 46
N5 In the south of
west boundary 58 57 47 44
N6 In the north of
west boundary 55 55 43 42
N7 In the west of
north boundary 58 58 43 46
N8 The living area in
the factory 56 58 43 47
Standard Value 65 55
Results All meet the
standard
All meet the
standard
All meet the
standard
All meet the
standard
The monitoring results indicate that the acoustical environment quality around
the proposed factory is good. The noise level of all monitoring points in both daytime
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and nighttime can all meet the level III standard of Environmental Quality Standard
for Noise (GB3096-2008).
7.2.4 Monitoring and Evaluation of Present Ground Water Condition
(1) Arrangement of monitoring points: Arrange one monitoring points
respectively at project site, the boundary of hazardous waste landfill yard and Qizi Lot,
see Fig.1.7-1 for details. The monitoring point of hazardous waste landfill yard is at
the upstream, and that of Qizi Lot is at the downstream.
(2) Monitoring Items: pH, permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen, Cr6+
, Cd, Hg,
Pb, nitrite nitrogen, Fluoride, total hardness.
(3) Monitoring frequency: Actual measurement for project site, with the
monitoring time of April 25, 2011, once totally. Refer to Environmental Evaluation
Data of Extension Project of Everbright Environmental Protection (Suzhou) Solid
Waste Disposal Co., Ltd. for the data of Qizi Lot, Gusu Village, with the monitoring
time of from April 11 to April 12, 2011.
(4) Monitoring and analyzing method: According to the provisions and
requirements of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater
issued by State Environmental Protection Administration.
(5) Evaluation method: by comparing with Level III standard of Quality
Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848—93).
(6) Monitoring and evaluation result: See Table 7.2-7 for the monitoring and
evaluation result of ground water
Table 7.2-7 Monitoring Results of Ground Water Quality and Evaluation
List Unit: mg/L
Monitorin
g Position
Monitoring
Date pH
Permanganat
e Index Cr
6+
Total
Mercury Cd
D1:
Project
Site
2011.4.25 7.12 1.6 0.004L 0.00015 0.001L
D2: The
boundary
of
hazardous
waste
landfill
yard
2011.4.11~4.1
2 7.69~8.16 1.6~2.8 0.004L
0.00001L
~
0.00008
0.0002L~
0.0045
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D3: Qizi
Lot
2011.4.11~4.1
2 7.61~7.66 1.4~1.6 0.004L 0.00002 0.002L
Standard Value 6.5-8.5 3.0 0.05 0.001 0.01
Result Meet the
standard
Meet the
standard
Meet the
standard
Meet the
standard
Meet the
standard
Monitorin
g Position
Monitoring
Date Pb
Nitrite
Nitrogen Fluoride
Total
Hardness
Ammonia
Nitrogen
D1:
Project
site
2011.4.25 0.01L 0.003L 0.49 104 /
D2: The
boundary
of
hazardous
waste
landfill
yard
2011.4.11~4.1
2
0.004L~0.01
1 /
0.71~0.9
6 /
0.091~0.13
9
D3: Qizi
Lot
2011.4.11~4.1
2 0.004L / 0.8~0.8 /
0.091~0.09
6
Standard Value 0.05 0.02 1.0 450 0.2
Result Meet the
standard
Meet the
standard
Meet the
standard
Meet the
standard
Meet the
standard
Note: undetected value is indicated as “detection limit L”.
By comparing with the Quality Standard for Ground Water (GB/T14848-1993),
it can be seen from Table 7.2-7 that the underground water quality at the project site,
hazardous waste landfill yard and Qizi Lot all meet Level III water standard.
7.2.5 Monitoring and Evaluation of Present Soil Condition
(1) Arrangement of monitoring points: arrange one monitoring point respectively
at the farmland nearby the Former Tiangou Village and Qizishan in the south of
factory. See Fig1.7-1 for details.
(2) Monitoring items: pH, Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Pb, Cr, Zn, nickel.
(3) Monitoring frequency: once on April 24, 2011 for T1 and T2.
(4) Monitoring method: According to relevant national specifications for the
monitoring and analysis of soil environment.
(5) Monitoring result and evaluation: See Table 7.2-8 for monitoring results.
By comparing with the Level II standard of Environmental Quality Standard for
Soils (GB15618-1995), it can be seen that all heavy metal index are lower that the
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evaluation standard, meeting the Level II standard of Environmental Quality Standard
for Soils (GB15618-1995), which indicates that the present soil environment condition
is good.
Table 7.2-8 Soil Environment Monitoring Result Unit: mg/kg
Monitoring
Point pH Cu Pb Zn Cr Cd Nickel Hg As
T1:
Farmland
nearby
Former
Tiangou
Village
8.1 20.8 28.4 89.4 59.9 0.079 29.9 0.274 6.34
Standard
Value >7.5 100 350 300 350 0.6 60 1.0 20
T2: Qizishan 7.0 20.9 21.6 91.6 55.7 0.094 31.8 0.068 19.1
Standard
Value 6.5~7.5 100 300 250 300 0.3 50 0.5 25
7.2.6 Monitoring and Evaluation of Present Dioxin Condition
7.2.6.1 Monitoring and Evaluation of Present Dioxin Atmospheric
Environment Quality Condition
(1) Monitoring Arrangement
Monitor the present dioxin condition according to Environmental Development
(2008) No. 82 Document: Arrange one monitoring point respectively at the nearest
sensitive point at the downwind of the all-year predominant wind direction and the
heaviest fallen concentration point of pollutants. The all-year predominant wind
direction is E-S wind; in consideration of there being no sensitive point at the upwind,
arrange monitoring point at NNE (less-predominant upwind direction); the nearest
sensitive point at the downwind is Tiangou Village. See Fig.1.7-1 for detailed
arrangement.
Table 7.2-9 Arrangement for the Monitoring of Present Condition
No. Name of Monitoring
Point
Direction against
factory/distance
Monitoring
Item
Environmental
Function Zoning
G2 Qizi Lot, Gusu Village NNE /1200
Dioxin Class II G5
Former Tiangou
Village NW /1350
(2) Monitoring time, monitoring factor and sampling frequency
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Monitoring time:
April 23, 2011.
The monitoring frequency shall follow the national standard.
(3) Sampling and analyzing method
Adopt EPA Method 8290
(4) Monitoring results
Table 7.2-10 Monitoring Results Unit: TEQpg/Nm3
S/N Name of Monitoring
Point
Average Daily
Monitoring Result Standard Value Result
G2 Qizi Lot, Gusu Village 0.615
1.65
Meet the
standard
G5 Former Tiangou
Village 0.786
Meet the
standard
Note:* According to the provisions in the Technical Guidelines for
Environmental Impact Assessment-Atmospheric Environment, the conversion relation
among momentary concentration, average daily concentration and average annual
concentration is 1, 0.33, 0.12, so if average annual concentration of dioxin is
converted to average daily concentration, it is 1.65pgTEQ/Nm3.
According to the monitoring result, the dioxin atmospheric concentration nearby
this project can meet relevant standards.
7.2.6.2 Monitoring of Dioxin Soil Environmental Quality Condition
(1) Monitoring Point and Time
Monitor the present Dioxin condition according to Environment Development
(2008) No. 82 Document: Arrange one monitoring point respectively at both the
upwind and downwind of the predominant wind direction in the factory. For the
downwind, it is recommended that agricultural soil nearby the heaviest fallen
concentration of pollutants. See Fig.1.7-1 for monitoring arrangement.
Table 7.2-11 Monitoring Arrangement for Present Soil (Dioxin) Quality
Condition
S/N Name of Monitoring Point Monitoring Item Monitoring Time and
Frequency
G1 Qizishan Dioxin April 24, 2011, once
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G2 Farmland nearby the
Tiangou Village
(2) Monitoring Result
Adopt EPA Method 1613.
See Table 7.2-12 for results of present soil condition monitoring.
Table 7.2-12 Soil Environment Monitoring Result Unit: TEQng/Kg
S/N Name of Monitoring
Point
Monitoring
Result Standard Value Result
G1 Qizishan 1.73
250
Meet the
standard
G2 Farmland nearby the
Tiangou Village 1.70
Meet the
standard
The evaluation of dioxin shall be in accordance with the environmental standard
(250 ng/kg) issued by Japan Environmental Agency. From Table 7.2-12, it can be seen
that all the dioxins are undetected, which indicates that the present soil environmental
quality condition of project site is good.
7.2.7 Investigation on Present Ecological Environmental Quality
Condition
7.2.7.1 Vegetation Distribution Condition
Suzhou is located in the mixed evergreen and deciduous forest of north
subtropical zone, with abundant varieties of plants. In this area, there are 217 kinds of
tracheophyte (variant included), which fall under 87 families, of which there are 13
varieties falling under 11 genuses, 9 families, ferns; 5 varieties falling under 5 genuses,
4 families, gymnosperm; and 199 varieties falling under 170 genuses, 74 families,
angiosperm. If classified by vegetation type, the mixed evergreen and deciduous
forest is zonal vegetation: casuarina includes castanopsis sclerophylla, schima superba,
phoebe sheareri, holly, etc; coniferous forest is mostly man-made forest, including
masson pine, white bark pine, Qingcha, loblolly pine, etc. Taihu Basin, with abundant
water source, stable water level and suitable water quality, has all kinds of water
plants and fishes.
The project site is located in Mudu Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou and
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classified as land for the disposal of domestic waste. There are almost no natural
vegetation left due to damages arising out of long-term agricultural and industrial
production activities, unordered mining activities and garbage landfilling.
The natural vegetation in this area are mainly distributed in the mountains in the
south and east of Qizishan, i.e. needle-leaved forest, broad-leaved deciduous forest,
mixed evergreen and deciduous forest, bamboo forest, scrub, etc. The main tree
species include ginkgo, loblolly pine, metasequoia, camphor tree, chukrasia tabularis,
Huaxiang, Zhizhi, Celtis occidentalis, mao bamboo, Chinese pink, Zelkova
schneideriana Hand-Mazz, cypress, Dalbergia hupeana, Buxus sinica, etc. The
artificial ecological system has all kinds of economic tress planted after the
implementation of afforestation project, mainly including loblolly pine, independent
bosque, line trees, etc.
Due to many reasons such as planning and transformation, the former Qizi
Village has been moved to the other location, and there are no crops production and
livestock breeding in this area.
The project site is located in the ravine plain extended from the 3# and 4# cols of
Qizishan. The newly acquired land is mainly located in the ravine plain in front of
Qizishan, with a few shrubs and ruderals. The strike of west of Qizishan is
approximately EW inclining to north, and that of the east side to 3# col is NE 56°
inclining to NW. The mountain is distributed like an arch and formed a relatively
large valley to the north. The 3# and 4# cols are paralleled. The elevation of main
peak of Qizishan is 294.4m; longitudinal grade is appropriately 1:4; and cross fall is
appropriately 1:2. In all the cols there are vegetations, with pines and firs
(appropriately 5~6m) as the main varieties. Of all the cols, the 3# col's vegetation is
particularly prosperous, followed by 4# col with small wild bamboo growing in its
lower part.
7.2.7.2 Investigation on Important Creatures and Eco-sensitive Area
In Suzhou City there are no large wild and rare animals, only with wild animals
like bat, snakes and birds. And there are no important creatures and eco-sensitive area
within 500m around the project site.
7.3 Environmental Quality Review and Analysis
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According to Environmental Impact Report on the Phase II Expansion Project
and Supporting Slag Recovery Project of Everbright Environmental Protection
Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., see Table 7.3-1 for the monitoring data statistics of
ambient air, surface water, ground water and soil before the construction of Phase II
project.
Table 7.3-1 Analysis on Environment Quality Change
(I) Air (Unit: mg/m3)
Monitoring
Factor
Momentary Concentration Range Average Daily
Concentration Range Result
2007 2011 2007 2011
SO2 0.007L~0.495 0.015~0.061 0.004~0.147 0.02~0.073 None
NO2 0.009~0.19 0.015~0.078 0.023~0.099 0.011~0.089 None
PM10 / / 0.049~0.365 0.11~0.13
Over-standard
in Mudu Town,
Former Qizi
Village,
Technological
Institute,
Yaofeng Village
and factory in
2007, but no
over-standard in
2011
HCl 0.01L~0.056 0.017~0.054 / /
Over-standard
in Mudu Town,
Gusu Village in
2007, and one
over-standard
respectively in
Qizi Lot of
Gusu Village
and former Lita
Village in 2011
HF 0.001L 0.9L / / None
Pb 0.0005L~0.0037 0.0001L~0.001 / / None
Hg 0.05Lμg/m3 0.00 3Lμg/m
3 / / None
Cd 0.05Lμg/m3 0.0002~0.001 / / None
NH3 0.004L~0.19 0.01L~0.11 / / None
H2S 0.002L~0.006 0.001~0.006 / / None
Dioxin / 0.615~0.786pg/m3
/ / None
Contrastive analysis: The ambient air quality in 2011 is better than that in 2007
(II) Surface Water (unit: mg/L)
Monitoring
Factor
Concentration Range Result
2007 2011
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COD 16.1~42.3 13.3~19.3
Over-standard at point of 500m up the drain outlet
and 3500m down the drain outlet of New District
Sewage Disposal Plant as well as 100m in front of
the intersection of Xujiang River and Jiangnan
Canal in 2007, but no over-standard in 2011
BOD 3.3~8.6 2.0L~2.5
Over-standard at point of 500m up the drain outlet
and 3500m down the drain outlet of New District
Sewage Disposal Plant as well as 100m in front of
the intersection of Xujiang River and Jiangnan
Canal in 2007, but no over-standard in 2011
CODMn 3.7~9.2 3.4~3.8 None
Ammonia
Nitrogen 0.78~13.1 1.9~2.56
Over-standard at point of 500m up the drain outlet
and 3500m down the drain outlet of New District
Sewage Disposal Plant as well as 100m in front of
the intersection of Xujiang River and Jiangnan
Canal in 2007, and over-standard at the point of
500m down the drain outlet of New District
Sewage Disposal Plant in 2011
Total
Phosphorus 0.01L~0.52 0.18~0.52
Over-standard at point of 500m up the drain outlet
and 3,500m down the drain outlet of New District
Sewage Disposal Plant in 2007, and over-standard
at the point of 500m down the drain outlet of New
District Sewage Disposal Plant in 2011
Fluoride 0.67~0.97 0.8~1.02
Sulphide 0.001L~0.04 0.005L~0.006
SS 85~160 210~344
Over-standard at point of 500m up the drain outlet
and 3500m down the drain outlet of New District
Sewage Disposal Plant as well as 100m in front of
the intersection of Xujiang River and Jiangnan
Canal in 2007, and over-standard at the point of
500m down the drain outlet of New District
Sewage Disposal Plant in 2011
Total
Mercury 0.0001L 0.00014~0.00018 None
Total
Chromium 0.05L 0.003L~0.059 None
Contrastive analysis: The COD and BOD of surface water in 2011 is improved than that in
2007
(III) Underground Water (Unit: mg/L)
Monitoring
Factor
Concentration Range Result
2007 2011
CODMn 0.6~2.7 1.4~2.8 None
Ammonia
Nitrogen 0.01L~0.13 0.091~0.139 None
Cr6+ 0.004L 0.004L None
total mercury 0.00001L 0.00001L~0.00015 None
Cd 0.0001L 0.0002L~0.0045 None
Pb 0.001L~0.02 0.004L~0.011 None
Nitrite 0.11~0.74 0.003L None
Fluoride 0.12~0.84 0.49~0.96 None
Contrastive analysis: There is no bid difference between ground water factor in 2011 and
that in 2007
(IV) Soil (Unit: mg/kg)
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Monitoring
Factor
Concentration Range Result
2007 2011
Cu 23.6~27.1 20.8~20.9 None
Pb 26.8~59.9 21.6~28.4 None
Zn 76.7~123 89.4~91.6 None
Cr 53.3~63.7 55.7~59.9 None
Cd 0.037~0.54 0.079~0.094 None
Nickel / 29.9~31.8 None
Hg 0.046~0.336 0.068~0.274 None
As 6.84~10.5 6.34~19.1 None
Contrastive analysis: There is no big difference between soil factor in 2011 and that in 2007
Through comparison, it can be seen that the present surface water environment
condition now is better than that before the construction of Phase II project, and there
is no difference for soil monitoring factor which indicates that this project doesn’t
contribute much to the environment.
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8 Predicative Analysis on Environmental Impact
8.1 Prediction and Evaluation on Ambient Air Impact
8.1.1 Order and Scope of Evaluation
The order of evaluation for this project is Level II, and Scope of evaluation is the
circular area within a radius of 3km from the pollution source.
The evaluation and prediction factors include SO2, PM10, NO2, CO, HCl, HF, Cd,
Pb, Hg and dioxin. The prediction contents include:
(1) Ambient air protection objects, ground level concentration at mesh point and
the maximum ground level hourly concentration within the evaluation area under
all-year hourly meteorological condition;
(2) Ambient air protection objects, ground level concentration at mesh point and
the maximum ground level daily average concentration within the evaluation area
under all-year daily meteorological condition;
(3) Ambient air protection objects, ground level concentration at mesh point and
the maximum ground level annual average concentration within the evaluation area
under all-year long-term meteorological condition;
(4) Analysis on foul gas impact;
(5) The maximum ground level hourly concentration of ambient air protection
objects and the maximum ground level hourly concentration within the evaluation
area under hourly or momentary hourly meteorological condition under unusual
emission;
(6) Calculation of atmospheric environment protection distance.
8.1.2 Emission Source Parameters
The emission parameters for the regular atmospheric pollutants of this project are
given in Table 8.1-1. And the emission parameters for fugitive atmospheric pollutants
of this project are given in Table 8.1-2.
Through investigation, there are no projects under construction or proposed that
discharge pollutants of same kind.
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Table 8.1-1 Emission Parameters for the Regular Smoke Pollutants of This
Project
Point Sources Unit Normal
Conditions Unusual Conditions
Name / Exhaust Funnel of Incinerator
Coordinate (X, Y) (m m) (0 0)
Altitude at the bottom of exhaust funnel m 7.06
Height of exhaust funnel m 80
Inner diameter of exhaust funnel m 3
Speed at exhaust gas outlet m/s 11.10
Temperature at exhaust gas outlet K 428
Annual emission frequency h 7920 Once per 2~3h
Emission condition - Continuously Occasionally
Prediction factor
SO2 g/s 0.57 /
PM10 g/s 0.57 142.5
NO2 g/s 10.23 /
CO g/s 2.84 /
HCl g/s 0.29 1.16
HF g/s 0.056 /
Cd g/s 0.0028 /
Pb g/s 0.028 /
Hg g/s 0.0028 /
Dioxin g/s 5.68E-09 2.68E-07
Note: NO2/NOX=0.9
Table 8.1-2 Fugitive Emission Parameters
Pollution
Source
Southwest Corner of Areal
Source Altitude
m
Areal Source
Parameter
Angle
against
due
north
°
Initial
Emission
Height
m
Annual
Emission
Hours
h
Emission
Condition
Factor
X Coordinate
m
Y coordinate
m
Length
m
Width
m Name
Speed
g/s/m2
Dump pit 90 -30 7.08 68 55 45 3 7920 Continuously NH3 1.86E-07
H2S 2.23E-08
Fly ash
Stabilizing
Facilities
230 -145 26.5 48 25 45 >10 7920 Continuously PM10 5.55E-05
8.1.3 Predictive Mode of Ground Level Concentration
Adopt AERNID mode recommended by the Appendix A of Technical
Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment-Atmospheric Environment
(HJ2.2-2008). AERMOD, as one of Industrial Source Complex Model, can simulate
the short-term (average hourly, average daily) and long-term (average annual)
concentration distribution of pollutants discharged by point source, a real source and
body source based on the data characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer, which
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applies to both rural or urban area and simple or complex topography. AERMOD has
considered the impact of wake flow of buildings, namely smoke flume downwash.
This mode uses hourly continuous preprocessed meteorological data to simulate the
average concentration distribution in not less than one hour.
The predictive mesh spacing is set as 100m.
8.1.4 Meteorological Parameters
In this project we adopt the all-year daily and hourly meteorological data in 2009,
of which the ground level meteorological data is from Wujiang meteorological station,
which is located in 120°37’ east longitude and 31°10’ north latitude, with a altitude of
9m and a distance of appropriately 18 km from project site and having a similar
geographical feature with the evaluation area.
Upper altitude sounding data used in this report is from the simulate data of
MM5 mesoscale model, with the horizontal grid resolution of 27km×27km, and the
terrain-following coordinate is used in vertical direction and there are 40 layers totally
from 1000 hpa to 100 hpa. The original data used in this mode include terrain
clearance, land use, land-water body symbol, vegetation composition, etc. These data
are from USGS. And the original meteorological data adopt the reanalyzing data of
NCEP/NCAR. The extraction location of upper altitude sounding data is 112.77° east
longitude and 31.13° north latitude. The upper altitude sounding data parameters
include time (hour, day, month, year), the layer of sounding data, the air pressure of
every layer, altitude, temperature, wind speed and wind direction (expressed as angle),
and the data frequency is twice each day (08:00 and 20:00, Beijing Time)
See Table 8.1-3 ~ Table 8.1-7 and Fig. 8.1-1 ~ Fig. 8.1-4 for meteorological data
statistics:
Table 8.1-3 Monthly Variation of Annual Average Temperature
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Temperature ℃ 3.5 8.7 10.5 16.6 22.2 26.2 28.9 28.2 25.1 21.0 11.0 5.9
Table 8.1-4 Monthly Variation of Annual Average Wind Speed Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Wind Speed m/s 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.3 1.9 3.0 2.3
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Table 8.1-5 Daily Variation of Seasonal hourly Average Wind Speed Hour
Wind
Speed m/s
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Spring 1.7 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.0
Summer 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.7
Autumn 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.8 3.0 2.8
Winter 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.0
Hour h
Wind
Speed m/s
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Spring 3.1 3.3 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.1 2.0 2.3 1.8
Summer 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.3 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.7
Autumn 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.0
Winter 3.1 3.3 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.9 2.4 2.0
Table 8.1-6 Monthly Variation of Annual Average Wind Frequency Wind
Directio
n
Wind
Frequency%
N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW C
Jan 7.8 6.9 6.6 5.5 7.0 5.1 4.7 2.7 3.5 1.6 1.9 2.3 7.7 8.3 12.6 14.0 1.9
Feb 4.6 9.4 11.6 15.8 11.3 7.7 8.9 4.8 4.6 0.6 0.3 0.3 3.3 8.0 4.3 2.8 1.5
Mar 5.5 7.8 10.0 12.2 12.1 7.9 9.2 8.7 3.2 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.6 4.2 5.2 5.2 0.5
Apr 6.3 5.7 6.0 5.1 13.9 16.1 13.9 7.9 4.2 0.6 1.3 1.9 2.8 3.5 4.7 5.4 0.8
May 3.0 3.2 6.0 8.9 14.5 14.2 16.0 8.9 5.8 0.9 1.6 0.9 3.2 3.5 4.3 4.4 0.5
Jun 1.5 4.0 2.8 5.3 6.8 12.6 14.0 10.3 8.1 9.0 7.6 6.5 5.8 2.1 1.7 1.0 0.8
Jul 3.4 1.3 3.9 7.4 9.1 9.0 11.0 15.5 8.5 5.5 5.4 5.4 4.6 2.2 2.6 3.1 2.3
Aug 4.2 5.1 12.5 23.8 14.9 5.9 5.1 3.6 2.6 2.6 3.4 3.9 2.3 4.2 1.1 2.4 2.6
Sep 7.6 10.4 13.9 24.7 18.1 4.4 3.2 2.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.4 1.3 1.1 3.3 6.0 0.6
Oct 6.2 11.4 10.6 13.7 7.3 8.2 10.8 5.5 5.1 2.0 3.9 2.7 2.6 1.6 2.6 3.1 2.8
Nov 10.6 7.1 5.1 3.1 3.5 3.8 6.8 4.4 2.8 2.5 1.5 2.1 3.5 8.2 18.5 15.7 1.0
Dec 9.1 8.1 8.1 9.3 5.2 2.3 3.5 2.4 2.8 2.2 3.0 4.8 7.7 8.2 12.4 9.1 1.9
Table 8.1-7 Average Annual Wind Frequency and Its Seasonal Change Wind
Direction
Wind
Frequency%
N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW C
Spring 4.9 5.6 7.3 8.8 13.5 12.7 13.0 8.5 4.4 1.0 1.6 1.6 2.9 3.7 4.8 5.0 0.6
Summer 3.0 3.5 6.4 12.2 10.3 9.1 10.0 9.8 6.3 5.7 5.4 5.3 4.2 2.8 1.8 2.2 1.9
Autumn 8.1 9.7 9.9 13.8 9.6 5.5 7.0 4.3 2.9 1.7 2.1 1.7 2.4 3.6 8.1 8.2 1.5
Winter 7.3 8.1 8.7 10.0 7.7 5.0 5.6 3.2 3.6 1.5 1.8 2.5 6.3 8.2 10.0 8.8 1.8
Average Annual 5.8 6.7 8.1 11.2 10.3 8.1 8.9 6.5 4.3 2.5 2.7 2.8 3.9 4.6 6.1 6.0 1.4
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Fig. 8.1-1 Monthly Variation Curve of Average Annual Temperature
Fig. 8.1-2 Monthly Variation Curve of Average Wind Speed
Fig. 8.1-3 Daily Variation Curve of Seasonal Hourly Average Wind Speed
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Fig. 8.1-4 Seasonal and Annual Average Wind Rose Map
8.1.5 Terrain Parameter
Through investigation, within the evaluation scope of this project in the north
side are mainly industrial enterprises and in the south side are mainly mountains.
Therefore, relevant land surface parameters (albedo, Bowen ratio and surface
roughness) shall be used accordingly for these two sides.
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Near-Surface Parameters
Degree Season Surface
Albedo Bowen Parameter Surface Roughness
-90~90
Spring 0.162 0.565 1.0
Summer 0.177 1.115 1.0
Autumn 0.191 1.255 1.0
Winter 0.525 1.5 1.0
90~270
Spring 0.162 0.565 0.05
Summer 0.177 1.115 0.1
Autumn 0.191 1.255 0.01
Winter 0.525 1.5 0.001
The terrain data is the “SRTM 90m Digital Elevation Data” loaded from US
website, with the resolution of 90m.
8.1.6 Prediction Results of Ground Level Concentration under
Normal Condition
(1) Prediction and Analysis of Maximum Regional Concentration
Based on predictive calculation, under normal condition and in consideration of
combined contribution of projects under construction and proposed, the maximum
fallen hourly concentration of pollutants discharged by this project to the evaluation
area is given in Table 8.1-8. The hourly fallen concentration isoline map of all waste
gas and pollutants within the evaluation area is detailed in Fig. 8.1-8.
From the analysis on predictive results, it can be seen that the hourly maximum
fallen contribution value of all pollutants can meet the requirements of Level II
standard.
Table 8.1-8 Maximum Hourly Concentration Contribution of Pollutants Under
Normal Condition
Pollutant Type of
Concentration
Predictive Result
Contribution
Value (ug/m3)
Percentage
against
standard (%)
X coordinate
against P6
(m)
Y coordinate
against P6
(m)
Occurrence
Time of
Maximum Value
SO2
Hourly 0.96964 0.19 -100 -300 07.03.11
Average Daily 0.51994 0.35 -300 -800 04.01
Average
Annual 0.05832 0.10 -500 -100
NO2
Hourly 17.40255 7.25 -100 -300 07.03.11
Average Daily 9.33151 7.78 -300 -800 04.01
Average
Annual 1.04666 1.31 -500 -100
PM10
Average Daily 40.34521 26.90 400 0 07.07
Average
Annual 4.53283 4.53 400 -100
HCl Hourly 0.49333 0.99 -100 -300 07.03.11
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Average Daily 0.26453 1.76 -300 -800 04.01
HF Hourly 0.10207 0.51 -100 -300 07.03.11
Average Daily 0.05473 0.78 -300 -800 04.01
Pb
Hourly 0.05103 0.48 -100 -300 07.03.11
Average Daily 0.02737 0.78 -300 -800 04.01
Average
Annual 0.00307 0.31 -500 -100
Hg Hourly 0.0051 0.57 -100 -300 07.03.11
Average Daily 0.00274 0.91 -300 -800 04.01
Cd Hourly 0.0051 0.05 -100 -300 07.03.11
Average Daily 0.00274 0.09 -300 -800 04.01
Dioxin
Hourly 0.00966 0.19 -100 -300 07.03.11
Average Daily 0.00518 0.31 -300 -800 04.01
Average
Annual 0.00058 0.097 -500 -100
NH3 Hourly 0.82953 0.41 100 -200 09.18.24
H2S Hourly 0.09945 0.99 100 -200 09.18.24
Note: The unit of dioxin concentration is pg/m3.
SO2 Average Hourly
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SO2 Average Daily
SO2 Average Annual
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NO2 Average Hourly
NO2 Average Daily
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NO2 Average Annual
PM10 Average Daily
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PM10 Average Annual
HCl Average Hourly
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HF Average Hourly
Pb Average Hourly
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Pb Average Daily
Pb Annual Average
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Hg Average Hourly
Hg Average Daily
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Cd Average Hourly
Cd Average Daily
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Dioxin Average Hourly (10-3
pg/m3)
Dioxin Average Daily (10-3
pg/m3)
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Dioxin Average Annual (10-3
pg/m3)
NH3 Average Hourly
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H2S Average Hourly
Fig. 8.1-5 Pollutant Concentration Contribution Distribution
(2) Predictive Analysis on the Concentration of Sensitive Point
Based on the prediction results, the statistical analysis of the maximum hourly
fallen concentration of all sensitive points within the evaluation area is given in Table
8.1-9.
Use detection limit as the background value for undetected value, and use the
maximum value of every point as the background value of dioxin monitoring. It can
be seen that, if the maximum background value plus the “carry-the-old-with-the-new
reduction” are considered, the concentration value of pollutants at all the sensitive
points can meet the requirements of level II standard.
Table 8.1-9 Prediction of Concentration Contribution of Monitoring Points
Main
Evaluation
Point
Pollutants
Types of
Concentra
tion
Maximu
m
Occurre
nce
Time
Contribu
tion
Value
(ug/m3)
Maxim
um
Backgr
ound
Value
(ug/m3)
Carry-the-
old-with-th
e-new
reduction
(ug/m3)
Superimpose
d Value
(ug/m3)
Percentag
e Against
Standard
(%)
Shangfang
Mountain
SO2
Hourly 05.19.07 0.51105 61 0.00374 61.50731 12.30
Average
Daily 05.15 0.07307 46
0.00059 46.07248 30.71
Average
Annual 0.00969
0.00011 0.00958 0.02
NO2
Hourly 05.19.07 9.17192 78 87.17192 36.32
Average
Daily 05.15 1.31141 61
62.31141 51.93
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Main
Evaluation
Point
Pollutants
Types of
Concentra
tion
Maximu
m
Occurre
nce
Time
Contribu
tion
Value
(ug/m3)
Maxim
um
Backgr
ound
Value
(ug/m3)
Carry-the-
old-with-th
e-new
reduction
(ug/m3)
Superimpose
d Value
(ug/m3)
Percentag
e Against
Standard
(%)
Average
Annual 0.00493
0.00493 0.01
PM10
Average
Daily 05.15 1.31141 130
3.96784 127.34357 84.90
Average
Annual 0.05153
0.05
HCl
Hourly 05.19.07 0.26001 44 0.46875 43.79126 87.58
Average
Daily 05.15 0.03718
0.03718 0.25
HF
Hourly 05.19.07 0.05379 0.9 0.95379 4.77
Average
Daily 05.15 0.00769
0.00769 0.11
Pb
Hourly 05.19.07 0.02690 1 1.02690 9.60
Average
Daily 05.15 0.00385
0.00385 0.11
Average
Annual 0.00051
0.00051 0.05
Hg
Hourly 05.19.07 0.00269 0.003 0.00569 0.63
Average
Daily 05.15 0.00038
0.00038 0.13
Cd
Hourly 05.19.07 0.00269 1.1 1.10269 11.03
Average
Daily 05.15 0.00038
0.00038 0.01
Dioxin
Hourly 05.19.07 0.00509 0.00509 0.10
Average
Daily 05.15 0.00073
0.00073 0.04
Average
Annual 0.00010
0.00010 0.02
NH3 Hourly 05.31.01 0.09203 100 100.09203 50.05
H2S Hourly 05.31.01 0.01103 4 4.01103 40.11
Qizi Lot,
Gusu
Village
SO2
Hourly 08.17.08 0.38299 0.00499 0.37800 0.08
Average
Daily 06.28 0.09557
0.00045 0.09512 0.06
Average
Annual 0.01187
0.00009 0.01178 0.02
NO2
Hourly 08.17.08 6.87374 6.87374 2.86
Average
Daily 06.28 1.71523
1.71523 1.43
Average
Annual 0.00604
0.00604 0.01
PM10
Average
Daily 06.28 1.71523
3.07059 -1.35536 -0.90
Average
Annual 0.06915
0.07
HCl
Hourly 08.17.08 0.19486 0.35130 -0.15644 -0.31
Average
Daily 06.28 0.04862
0.04862 0.32
HF
Hourly 08.17.08 0.04032 0.9 0.94032 4.70
Average
Daily 06.28 0.01006
0.01006 0.14
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Main
Evaluation
Point
Pollutants
Types of
Concentra
tion
Maximu
m
Occurre
nce
Time
Contribu
tion
Value
(ug/m3)
Maxim
um
Backgr
ound
Value
(ug/m3)
Carry-the-
old-with-th
e-new
reduction
(ug/m3)
Superimpose
d Value
(ug/m3)
Percentag
e Against
Standard
(%)
Pb
Hourly 08.17.08 0.02016 1 1.02016 9.53
Average
Daily 06.28 0.00503
0.00503 0.14
Average
Annual 0.00062
0.00062 0.06
Hg
Hourly 08.17.08 0.00202 0.003 0.00502 0.56
Average
Daily 06.28 0.00050
0.00050 0.17
Cd
Hourly 08.17.08 0.00202 1 1.00202 10.02
Average
Daily 06.28 0.00050
0.00050 0.02
Dioxin
Hourly 08.17.08 0.00382 0.00382 0.08
Average
Daily 06.28 0.00095
0.00095 0.06
Average
Annual 0.00012
0.00012 0.02
NH3 Hourly 11.22.24 0.12458 0.12458 0.06
H2S Hourly 11.22.24 0.01494 0.01494 0.15
Fenghuang
Lot
SO2
Hourly 12.23.09 0.47384 61 0.00403 61.46981 12.29
Average
Daily 02.16 0.19905 40
0.00022 40.19883 26.80
Average
Annual 0.02150
0.00005 0.02145 0.04
NO2
Hourly 12.23.09 8.50425 71 79.50425 33.13
Average
Daily 02.16 3.57246 89
92.57246 77.14
Average
Annual 0.01094
0.01094 0.01
PM10
Average
Daily 02.16 3.57246 130
3.78210 129.79036 86.53
Average
Annual 0.08858
0.09
HCl
Hourly 12.23.09 0.24108 47 0.43462 46.80646 93.61
Average
Daily 02.16 0.10127
0.10127 0.68
HF
Hourly 12.23.09 0.04988 0.9 0.94988 4.75
Average
Daily 02.16 0.02095
0.02095 0.30
Pb
Hourly 12.23.09 0.02494 1 1.02494 9.58
Average
Daily 02.16 0.01048
0.01048 0.30
Average
Annual 0.00113
0.00113 0.11
Hg
Hourly 12.23.09 0.00249 0.003 0.00549 0.61
Average
Daily 02.16 0.00105
0.00105 0.35
Cd
Hourly 12.23.09 0.00249 0.9 0.90249 9.02
Average
Daily 02.16 0.00105
0.00105 0.04
Dioxin Hourly 12.23.09 0.00472 0.00472 0.09
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Main
Evaluation
Point
Pollutants
Types of
Concentra
tion
Maximu
m
Occurre
nce
Time
Contribu
tion
Value
(ug/m3)
Maxim
um
Backgr
ound
Value
(ug/m3)
Carry-the-
old-with-th
e-new
reduction
(ug/m3)
Superimpose
d Value
(ug/m3)
Percentag
e Against
Standard
(%)
Average
Daily 02.16 0.00198
0.00198 0.12
Average
Annual 0.00021
0.00021 0.04
NH3 Hourly 08.16.01 0.11685 100 100.11685 50.06
H2S Hourly 08.16.01 0.01401 5 5.01401 50.14
Former
Lita
Village
SO2
Hourly 09.14.11 0.62065 55 0.00308 55.61757 11.12
Average
Daily 06.24 0.23174 50
0.00019 50.23155 33.49
Average
Annual 0.03688
0.00003 0.03685 0.06
NO2
Hourly 09.14.11 11.13911 69 80.13911 33.39
Average
Daily 06.24 4.15915 57
61.15915 50.97
Average
Annual 0.01876
0.01876 0.02
PM10
Average
Daily 06.24 4.15915 130
0.66702 133.49213 88.99
Average
Annual 0.18274
0.18
HCl
Hourly 09.14.11 0.31577 50 0.56927 49.74650 99.49
Average
Daily 06.24 0.11790
0.11790 0.79
HF
Hourly 09.14.11 0.06533 0.9 0.96533 4.83
Average
Daily 06.24 0.02439
0.02439 0.35
Pb
Hourly 09.14.11 0.03267 1 1.03267 9.65
Average
Daily 06.24 0.01220
0.01220 0.35
Average
Annual 0.00194
0.00194 0.19
Hg
Hourly 09.14.11 0.00327 0.003 0.00627 0.70
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00122
0.00122 0.41
Cd
Hourly 09.14.11 0.00327 0.9 0.90327 9.03
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00122
0.00122 0.04
Dioxin
Hourly 09.14.11 0.00618 0.00618 0.12
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00231
0.00231 0.14
Average
Annual 0.00037
0.00037 0.06
NH3 Hourly 06.01.22 0.17348 80 80.17348 40.09
H2S Hourly 06.01.22 0.02080 5 5.02080 50.21
Former
Tiangou
Village
SO2
Hourly 05.19.07 0.59869 59 0.00319 59.59550 11.92
Average
Daily 06.24 0.09118 41
0.00047 41.09071 27.39
Average
Annual 0.01361
0.00008 0.01353 0.02
NO2 Hourly 05.19.07 10.7448 77 87.74482 36.56
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Main
Evaluation
Point
Pollutants
Types of
Concentra
tion
Maximu
m
Occurre
nce
Time
Contribu
tion
Value
(ug/m3)
Maxim
um
Backgr
ound
Value
(ug/m3)
Carry-the-
old-with-th
e-new
reduction
(ug/m3)
Superimpose
d Value
(ug/m3)
Percentag
e Against
Standard
(%)
2
Average
Daily 06.24 1.63654 58
59.63654 49.70
Average
Annual 0.00692
0.00692 0.01
PM10
Average
Daily 06.24 1.63654 130
2.26996 129.36658 86.24
Average
Annual 0.06471
0.06
HCl
Hourly 05.19.07 0.30459 49 0.54912 48.75547 97.51
Average
Daily 06.24 0.04639
0.04639 0.31
HF
Hourly 05.19.07 0.06302 0.9 0.96302 4.82
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00960
0.00960 0.14
Pb
Hourly 05.19.07 0.03151 1 1.03151 9.64
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00480
0.00480 0.14
Average
Annual 0.00072
0.00072 0.07
Hg
Hourly 05.19.07 0.00315 0.003 0.00615 0.68
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00048
0.00048 0.16
Cd
Hourly 05.19.07 0.00315 0.8 0.80315 8.03
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00048
0.00048 0.02
Dioxin
Hourly 05.19.07 0.00596 0.00596 0.12
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00091
0.00091 0.06
Average
Annual 0.00014
0.00014 0.02
NH3 Hourly 01.27.06 0.10926 110 110.10926 55.05
H2S Hourly 01.27.06 0.01310 6 6.01310 60.13
Mudu
Town
SO2
Hourly 05.19.07 0.30192 61 0.00633 61.29559 12.26
Average
Daily 06.24 0.06050 73
0.00071 73.05979 48.71
Average
Annual 0.00462
0.00023 0.00439 0.01
NO2
Hourly 05.19.07 5.41863 71 76.41863 31.84
Average
Daily 06.24 1.08588 83
84.08588 70.07
Average
Annual 0.00235
0.00235 0.00
PM10
Average
Daily 06.24 1.08588 130
9.77388 121.312 80.87
Average
Annual 0.02237
0.02
HCl
Hourly 05.19.07 0.15361 44 0.27693 43.87668 87.75
Average
Daily 06.24 0.03078
0.03078 0.21
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Main
Evaluation
Point
Pollutants
Types of
Concentra
tion
Maximu
m
Occurre
nce
Time
Contribu
tion
Value
(ug/m3)
Maxim
um
Backgr
ound
Value
(ug/m3)
Carry-the-
old-with-th
e-new
reduction
(ug/m3)
Superimpose
d Value
(ug/m3)
Percentag
e Against
Standard
(%)
HF
Hourly 05.19.07 0.03178 0.9 0.93178 4.66
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00637
0.00637 0.09
Pb
Hourly 05.19.07 0.01589 1 1.01589 9.49
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00318
0.00318 0.09
Average
Annual 0.00024
0.00024 0.02
Hg
Hourly 05.19.07 0.00159 0.003 0.00459 0.51
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00032
0.00032 0.11
Cd
Hourly 05.19.07 0.00159 0.7 0.70159 7.02
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00032
0.00032 0.01
Dioxin
Hourly 05.19.07 0.00301 0.00301 0.06
Average
Daily 06.24 0.00060
0.00060 0.04
Average
Annual 0.00005
0.00005 0.01
NH3 Hourly 03.31.01 0.04156 110 110.04156 55.02
H2S Hourly 03.31.01 0.00498 5 5.00498 50.05
8.1.7 Analysis on Fugitive Emission Concentration in the Factory
Adopt AERMOD to predict the fugitive concentration of fly ash, H2S and
ammonia at the boundary of factory under all-year meteorological condition, see
Table 8.1-10 for the prediction results. The prediction indicates that the fugitive
concentration of fly ash, H2S and ammonia can meet the standard.
Table 8.1-10 Prediction of Fugitive Concentration at the Factory Boundary
Pollutant Maximum
Value
Concentration
Contribution
(mg/m3)
Standard
Concentration
Value at the
Factory Boundary
(mg/m3)
Meet the standard or
not
NH3 S 0.8342 1.5 Meet the standard
H2S S 0.0009 0.6 Meet the standard
TSP E 0.3042 1.0 Meet the standard
8.1.8 Analysis on Odorous Impact
Source of Odor Pollutants and Their Nature
Before the waste incineration, it should be stored for about 3~5 days in order to
guarantee the normal operation of waste incineration plant as well as to increase heat
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value by dewatering the waste. During the stacking period, it would produce choking
odorous and toxic substances such as H2S, thiol and so on. Compared with waste
landfill, the impact of waste incineration is much lighter.
There are more than 4,000 odorous substances that can be smelled by people, of
which more than 40 kinds may have an impact on ecological environment and human
health. The main odorous substances produced by urban domestic wastes are sulphide
and lower aliphatic amine. The odor irritates people's sense organ to make us feel
unpleasant and irksome, and some components such as H2S, thiol, amine and
ammonia can severely and directly harm respiratory system, endocrine system,
circulating system and nervous system. Long-term exposure to one or more kinds of
low concentration of odorous substances may result in olfactory fatigue and anosmia,
and even cause dysfunction of cerebral cortex.
Analogy Investigation and Analysis on the Foul Odor of Waste Incineration
Plant
According to investigation on enterprises of same kind, its odorous gases are
mainly produced from two links including waste discharging platform (inclusive of
waste storage pit) and waste belt conveyer, and the incinerated flue gases don’t have
much to do with the foul odor. Upon high temperature combustion, the odor strength
of clinker becomes less than it before. The primary dir feed of incinerator uses the air
in the storehouse, so the store house is under negative pressure, which is unfavorable
of emission of foul odor. The severest moment is at the time of inspection and repair
in the incinerator, we can close the door and windows of waste storehouse to prevent
the foul odor from flying outside. There are 3 incinerators totally, so we should
inspect and repair them respectively to guarantee that the storehouse is always under
negative pressure so as to reduce the adverse effects at the time of inspection and
repair.
The emission of foul gases also has something with weather condition. Generally
speaking, the odor strength is little under dry weather and it would has less impacts on
environment; but in rainy day, under low pressure and high humility, the odor strength
is heavy and it would have bigger impacts on environment.
Investigation indicates that generally speaking there is no obvious environmental
impact of foul odor on area more than 50m from the workshop. In this project the
waste receiving, storing and conveying are all completed under closed condition and
there is no open storage yard and manual separation yard. According to the
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investigation on fugitive emission source produced by sites of same kinds, the degree
of foul odor produced by wastes in external environment is level 2~3, its strength
ranging from cognition to obvious, its main sensory response ranging from “just to be
recognized" to “easy to be recognized”, with foul odor sensory distance of about
within 50m.
Prediction on the Concentration at the Boundary of Factory
According to the prediction, the maximum hourly concentration of NH3 and H2S
at the boundary of factory is 0.3mg/m3 and 0.031 mg/m
3 respectively, which meets the
concentration requirements (NH3 1.5mg/m3, H2S 0.06 mg/m
3).
In case of accidents (boiler accident or inspection and repair), the waste
storage pit should be kept closed, the exhaustion should be deodorization treated, with
ventilation frequency of 1~1.5 times/h. The waste gas was routed to active carbon
waste gas cleaning and deodorization facilities via the aspirating hole above the pit
and pipe. The active carbon cleaning cartridge includes air intake section, filtering
section and air-out section. The foul gases will enter the cartridge from the air intake
section, conduct filtering and be discharged to the air by exhaust blower after most of
the foul gases are absorbed on the active carbon.
According to the monitoring and statistical data of projects of same kind, after
deodorization treatment in case of accidents, the emission concentration of NH3 is
about 0.056mg/m3 and that of H2S is about 7×10
-5mg/m
3, which has little impacts on
environment and will not cause odorous impact on protection objects.
8.1.9 Predictive Result of Maximum Concentration Under Unusual
Conditions
According to the predictive results, the maximum hourly concentration value of
pollutants under unusual conditions is given in Table 8.1-11.
Based on the predictive results shown in Table 8.1-11, it can be seen that the
contribution value of regular waste gases such as PM10, HCl and dioxin on ground
level hourly concentration under unusual conditions is higher that that under normal
conditions. Under unusual conditions, the regional maximum ground level hourly
concentration of HCl and dioxin can still meet the requirements of relevant
environmental quality standards, but that of PM10 is over-standard.
Under unusual conditions, the contribution value of the maximum hourly ground
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level concentration of PM10, HCl and dioxin at all sensitive points within the
evaluation area is higher than that under normal conditions but can meet the relevant
environmental quality standard.
Table 8.1-11 Prediction on the Average Hourly Concentration of Monitoring
Points
Main
Evaluation
Point
Pollutant
Occurrence Time
(year, month, day,
hour)
Contribution Value of
This Project (ug/m3)
Percentage
against Standard
(%)
Maximum
Regional
Value
PM10 07.03.11 768.43291 170.76
HCl 07.03.11 0.49333 0.99
Dioxin(pg/m3) 07.03.11 0.00966 0.19
G1
PM10 05.07.04 58.61553 13.03
HCl 05.19.07 0.26001 0.52
Dioxin (pg/m3) 05.19.07 0.00509 0.10
G2
PM10 02.10.23 113.09715 25.13
HCl 08.18.08 0.19486 0.39
Dioxin (pg/m3) 08.18.08 0.00382 0.08
G3
PM10 02.06.02 82.40278 18.31
HCl 12.23.09 0.24108 0.48
Dioxin (pg/m3) 12.23.09 0.00472 0.09
G4
PM10 11.08.03 151.92214 33.76
HCl 09.14.11 0.31577 0.63
Dioxin (pg/m3) 09.14.11 0.00618 0.12
G5
PM10 11.08.03 71.04797 15.79
HCl 05.19.07 0.30459 0.61
Dioxin (pg/m3) 05.19.07 0.00596 0.12
G6
PM10 02.02.06 23.91872 5.32
HCl 05.19.07 0.15361 0.31
Dioxin (pg/m3) 05.19.07 0.00301 0.06
8.1.10 Protection Distance of Atmospheric Environment
Protection Distance of Atmospheric Environment
Adopt the recommended atmospheric environment protection distance mode to
calculate the protection distance of fugitive source. See Table 8.1-12 for the
calculation results.
Table 8.1-12 Pollution Source Strength of Fugitive Emission and Calculation
Results of Atmospheric Environment Protection Distance
Emission Areal Source and
Pollutants
Waste
Storehouse NH3
Waste Storehouse
H2S
Fly ash Stabilizing
Dust
Emissions (g/s) 0.00069 0.000083 0.05
Emission Height (m) 12 12 5
Emission Area (m2) 68*55 68*55 48*25
Atmospheric Environment
Protection Distance (m)
No
over-standard
point
No over-standard
point
No over-standard
point
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Width of sanitary protection zone
The formula for width of sanitary protection zone is as follows:
Q
C ABL r Lc
m
c D 1
0 25 2 0 50( . ) .
Where: Cm refers to standard momentary limit value (mg/m3); Qc refers to the
control level (kg/h) that can be reached by fugitive emissions of hazardous gases; L
refers to the width of sanitary protection zone required by industrial enterprises; A, B,
C and D refer to calculation factors. According to the average wind speed in past five
years in this area and classification of atmospheric pollution source of industrial
enterprises, A, B, C and D shall be 470, 0.021, 1.85 and 0.84 respectively.
See Table 8.1-13 for the source strength and parameters for calculating the width
of sanitary protection zone.
Table 8.1-13 Calculation Parameters for the Width of Sanitary Protection
Zone and Calculation Result
Pollution
Source Pollutant Qc(kg/h) Cm(mg/m
3) S(m
2)
Calculation
Value (m) L(m)
Waste
Storehouse
NH3 0.0025 0.2 3,740
0.26 50
H2S 0.0003 0.01 0.01 50
Fly ash
Stabilizing Dust 0.18 0.15 1,200 86.7 100
Arrangement of Protection Distance
Based on the calculation results of both atmospheric protection distance and
width of sanitary protection zone, use the outside envelope line as the protection
distance of this project.
The width of sanitary protection zone for waste storehouse and fly ash stabilizing
site shall be 100m from their boundary.
Also, based on the Environment Development (2008) No. 82 Circular on
Further Strengthening Environment Impact Assessment Management of Biomass
Waste-to-Energy Projects, saying “the environment protection distance for new,
rebuilt or expansion projects shall be not less than 300m”. Therefore, the environment
protection distance shall be 300m from the boundary of factory.
In consideration of the requirements for the protection distance of existing
projects that the environmental protection distance for Phase I and II projects are
300m, in the environmental evaluation of leachate processing project the width of
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sanitary protection distance for this processing station is determined to be 400m.
Therefore, taking all aspects into consideration, when the Phase III project is
completed, the environmental protection distance for the whole plant is 400m from
west boundary, 300m from east and south boundary and 100m from fly ash stabilizing
workshop, see Fig. 4.3. Within such protection distance, there are no sensitive objects
such as residential area.
Meantime, taking the requirements for the width of sanitary protection zone of
other neighboring waste disposal projects, see Table 8.1-14 for details.
Table 8.1-14 The Protection Distance Arrangement of Neighboring Projects
and Distribution of Sensitive objects
Enterprise Project Arrangement of Protection Distance
Sensitive Point
within the
Protection Distance
City
Government
Qizishan Domestic
Waste Landfill Site
With protection distance of 300m from
the boundary None
Everbright
Group
Hazardous waste
landfill yard
With protection distance of 800m from
the boundary None
Domestic Waste
Incineration Power
Plant
400m for west boundary, 300m from
east and south boundary and 100m
from fly ash stabilizing workshop
None
From Fig.4.3-1, it can be seen that the protection distance (800m) arranged for
hazardous waste landfill yard can meet the protection distance requirements of both
the Qizishan domestic waste landfill site and Everbright domestic waste incineration
power plant, and there are no sensitive points such as residential area.
8.1.11 Summary of Atmospheric Environment Impact
Under the normal emission condition of regular waste gas, the maximum
hourly concentration plus the background value can meet relevant environmental
quality standard. The meet-the-standard emission of waste gas pollutants has little
contribution to all waste gas pollutants in neighboring area; taking the sum of
background value and maximum value as well as “carry-the-old-with-the-new
reduction”, the concentration value of pollutants at all sensitive points can meet the
requirements of level II standard.
Under unusual conditions, the contribution value of regular waste gas (PM10,
HCl and dioxin) emissions is much higher than that under normal conditions. Under
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unusual conditions, the regional maximum hourly concentration of HCL and dioxin
resulting from the emission of project waste gas can still meet the requirements of
relevant environmental quality standards. PM10 under unusual conditions is
over-standard. The contribution value of the maximum hourly ground level
concentration of PM10, HCl and dioxin at all sensitive points within the evaluation
area are all higher than that under normal conditions but can meet the relevant
environmental quality standards.
Upon deodorization treatment, the concentration of foul gases at the boundary
of factory can meet the standard; in case of accidents such as inspection and repair
and furnace shut down, the foul gases discharged after deodorization treatment have
little impacts on environment.
The final environmental protection distance for this project is 400m from the
west boundary, 300m from the east and south boundary and 100m from fly ash
stabilizing workshop. Within such protection distance, there are no sensitive objects
such as residential area. Meantime, taking the requirements of the width of sanitary
protection zone of other neighboring waste disposal projects, the protection distance
(800m) arranged for hazardous waste landfill yard can meet the protection distance
requirements of both the Qizishan domestic waste landfill site and Everbright
domestic waste incineration power plant, and within such area there are no sensitive
points such as residential area.
In short, the waste gases discharged by this project have little impacts on ambient
air and won't cause functional degradation of project site.
8.2 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Surface Water
In this project the organic wastewater is mainly from waste leachate, terrace and
vehicle washing water and domestic wastewater. The water discharged from cooling
tower, boiler and chemical water treatment will be recycled totally and not be drained
to outside.
The wastewater leachate of Phase III project, together with the unloading
platform and vehicle flushing water, will enter into leachate regulating reservoir, little
of which are back into furnace and the remaining enters into the supporting leachate
pretreatment station for treatment. The existing treatment process is anaerobic
treatment plus SBR plus ultrafiltration membrane process, and this time the
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“nanofiltration plus reverse osmosis” are added to upgrade the standard for advanced
treatment, and then the water is used as circulation cooling makeup water after it
meets water quality standard while the concentrated water is sprayed to incinerator for
incineration. After the measure such as “carry-the-old-with-the-new” of leachate
treatment station is completed, the wastewater emissions of this factory will be much
lower than it now.
After the project is completed, the wastewater emissions of this factory will be
11,988t/a. The wastewater mainly includes domestic wastewater, which will be routed
to New District wastewater plant in for treatment.
New District wastewater plant is located in the west of the Canal, with an area of
117 mu. Its total wastewater disposal capability is 80,000t/d. Biochemical treatment of
three-tank oxidation ditch will be adopted and the wastewater will only be discharged
to the Canal after meeting the standard. Predictive evaluation has been conducted for
the impact of Phase III project (with the final disposal capability of 80,000t/d) to
water environment and the evaluation results are as follows:
(1) Under the unfavorable condition that the Canal upstream inflow is 4.2m3/s
(90% flow satisfying ratio), the impact distance of wastewater plant is 4,860m down
the drain outlet;
(2) Under the condition that the Canal upstream inflow is 19.5m3/s (normal
inflow, 50% flow satisfying ratio), the impact distance of wastewater plant is 1,470m
down the drain outlet;
(3) When Xujiang River is of back current, the wastewaters discharged from
wastewater plant will back-flow into Xujiang River along the bank side, but the water
gate at Xukou will be closed at that time to prevent wastewater from flowing into
Taihu Lake.
According to the analysis results above, after the project is completed the
wastewater centralized-treated by New District wastewater will meet the standard and
not cause adverse effects on Taihu Lake.
8.3 Prediction and Assessment of Noise Environmental Impact
8.3.1 Analysis on Noise Source Strength
Noise source of the project mainly comes from air feeder, induced draught fan
and steam turbine generator unit of the boiler system, air compressor of public works,
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air blower and sump pump of circulating cooling water system and sewage disposal
system. See Table 8.3-1 for generating condition of noise sources.
Table 8.3-1 Project Noise Source Condition List
Major Noise Source Quantity
Noise
Level
dB (A)
The Nearest
Distance to
Factory
Boundary
(m)
Management
Measures
Noise Level
after Noise
Reduction
dB (A)
Boiler Steam
Evacuation 2 140 S 75 Muffler 100
Waste Grabbing
Crane 2 85 S 50
Noise Insulation of
Building 75
Fan (Induced
Draught, Air
Supply)
6 95 S 55
Add Acoustic
Chamber and
Muffler
85
Steam Turbine
Generator Unit 2 100 S 105
Noise Insulation
Equipment, Muffler 90
Air Compressor
4 (3 in Use
and 1 in
Preparation)
90 S、E 40 Noise Insulation,
Add Muffler 80
Water Pump 4 90 W 50 Noise Insulation of
Building 80
Cooling Tower 3 85 S 55 - 85
8.3.2 Prediction Model of Noise Transmission
Adopt prediction model of multi-point source and equidistant noise attenuation,
and refer to correct value at the most unfavorable meteorological condition. The noise
transmission of cement plant from noise source to noise point, it is affected by many
factors including transmission distance, air absorption and reflection of restraining
mass, screening, so noise attenuates gradually, forecast the impact to plant area in
accordance with HJ2.4-2009 Technical Guidelines for Noise Impact Assessment after
the project is carried out.
Main calculation formulas applied in the prediction are as follows:
Noise level calculation formula of single outdoor point to the prediction point
The octave frequency band noise power level of known noise source (from 63Hz
to 8KHz 8 octave frequency band of midband frequency of nominal band), octave
frequency band noise pressure level Lp(r) of prediction point position can be
calculated in accordance with formula (1):
ADLrL cwp )( (1)
miscbargratmdiv AAAAAA
In the formula: Lw—Noise Power Level of Octave Frequency Band, Db;
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Dc—Directionality Calibration dB; to omnibearing point noise resource
exposed to free space, Dc=0dB.
A—Attenuation of octave frequency band, dB;
Adiv—Attenuation of octave frequency band caused by geometric
divergence, dB;
Aatm—Attenuation of octave frequency band caused by atmospheric
absorption, dB;
Agr—Attenuation of octave frequency band caused by ground effect, dB;
Abar—Attenuation of octave frequency band caused by noise barrier, dB;
Amisc—Attenuation of octave frequency band caused by other
multi-aspect effects, dB.
If noise pressure level Lp(r0) of octave frequency band which closes to some
point of noise source is known, noise pressure level Lp(r0) of octave frequency band of
prediction position with the same direction can be calculated in accordance with
formula (2):
ArLrL pp )()( 0 (2)
Noise level of prediction point A LA(r), it can be calculated in accordance with
formula (3) through utilize noise pressure level of 8 octave frequency band:
}10lg{10)(8
1
])(1.0[
i
LrL
A
ipirL (3)
In the formula: Lpi(r)—prediction point (r), noise pressure level of the ith
octave
frequency band, dB;
iL —Weighting networks A correction of i Octave frequency band, dB.
If it can not get octave frequency band power level of noise source or noise
pressure level of octave frequency band, and it only can get noise power level A or
noise level A of some point, it can make approximate calculation in accordance with
formula (4) and (5):
ADLrL cAwA )( (4)
Or
ArLrL AA )()( 0 (5)
A can chose the octave frequency band which matters noise level A most to
calculate, generally, it can chose octave frequency band with center frequency is
500Hz to estimate.
Calculation method of noise power level when indoor noise source is
equivalent to outdoor noise source
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Set noise pressure level which close to the opening (or window) indoor, outdoor
is Lp1 and Lp2. If indoor noise field of indoor noise source lies in is diffuse noise field,
then outdoor noise pressure level of octave frequency band can be calculated
approximately in accordance with formula (6):
)6(12 TLLL pp (6)
In the formula: TL—Partition wall (or window) Transmission Loss of Octave
Frequency Band, dB.
Calculate caused noise pressure level of octave frequency band in accordance
with formula (7) when some indoor noise source closes to space enclosing structure:
)4
4lg(10
21Rr
QLL wp
(7)
In the formula: Q—Directionality Factor; it generally refers to omnidirectional
noise source, when noise source is in the room, Q=1; when it is set at the center of a
wall, Q=2; when it is set at the angle of two walls, Q=4; when it is set at angle of three
walls, Q=8.
R—Room Constant )1/( SR , S is internal surface area of the room, m2;
is average noise absorption coefficient.
r—The distance between noise source and some point closes to space enclosing
structure, m.
Then calculate i octave frequency band noise pressure level caused by all indoor
noise sources at space that close to space enclosing structure in accordance with
formula (8):
)10lg(10)(1
1.0
11
N
j
L
iP
ijPTL (8)
In the formula: LP1i(T)—noise pressure level superposition of i octave frequency
band caused by n indoor noise sources that close to space enclosing structure, dB;
LP1ij—i octave frequency band noise pressure level of indoor noise source j, dB;
N—total number of indoor noise sources
When the indoor noise field is approximate diffuse noise field, calculate noise
pressure level that closes to outdoor space enclosing structure in accordance with
formula (9):
)6()()( 12 iiPiP TLTLTL (9)
In the formula: LP2i (T)—noise pressure level superposition of i octave frequency
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band caused by n outdoor noise sources that close to space enclosing structure, dB;
TLi—i octave frequency band transmission loss of space enclosing
structure, dB;
Then switch noise pressure level and transmission area of outdoor noise source
to equivalent outdoor noise source in accordance with formula (10), and calculate
octave frequency band noise power level of equivalent noise source when central
position is at acoustic area (S).
sTLL PW lg10)(2 (10)
Then calculate A noise level of prediction point in accordance with prediction
method of outdoor noise source.
Noise Contribution Value
Set A noise level caused at prediction point by the ith
outdoor noise source is LAi,
work time of the noise source at T period is ti; A noise level caused at prediction point
by the jth
equivalent outdoor noise source is LAj, work time of the noise source at T
period is tj; so the contribution value (Leqg) of project being built to prediction point
is :
])1010(1
lg[101
1.0
1
1.0
M
j
L
j
N
i
L
ieqg
AjAi ttT
L (11)
In the formula: tj—work time of noise source j at T period, s;
ti—work time of noise source i at T period, s;
T—time used to calculate equivalent noise level, s;
N—number of outdoor noise sources;
M—number of equivalent outdoor noise sources.
Calculation of Prediction Value at Prediction Point
)1010lg(101.01.0 dqbeqg LL
eqL (12)
In the formula: Leqg—equivalent noise level contribution value of
construction project noise source at prediction point, dB(A);
Leqb—background value of prediction point, dB(A).
8.3.3 Noise Prediction Results and Assessment
Select and use monitoring point of noise current situation as assessment point of
noise prediction, use the above prediction models and prediction plant area noise of
the project, see Table 8.3-2 for the result.
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Table 8.3-2 Acoustic Environmental Quality Impact Prediction Results List
Unit: dB (A)
Prediction Point
Prediction
Contribution
Value
Monitoring Value of
Current Situation
Noise Superposition
Value
Environment
Standard Value
Day Night Day Night Day Night
N1
East of the
North
Factory
Boundary 43.5
54.1 43.5 54.5 46.5 65 55
N2
North of the
East Factory
Boundary 42.4
56.5 44.5 56.7 46.6 65 55
N3
South of the
East Factory
Boundary 45.5
56.0 43.5 56.4 47.6 65 55
N4
East of the
South
Factory
Boundary 42.3
56.1 44.5 56.3 46.5 65 55
N5
West of the
South
Factory
Boundary 41.2
57.5 45.8 57.6 47.1 65 55
N6
South of the
West
Factory
Boundary 41.5
55.0 42.5 55.2 45.0 65 55
N7
North of the
West
Factory
Boundary 43.9
58.0 44.8 58.2 47.4 65 55
N8
West of the
North
Factory
Boundary 43.3
57.1 45.5 57.3 47.5 65 55
We can conclude from Table 8.3-2, boundary noise of the project impacts the
superposition of contribution value and background value, plant area (prediction point)
noise meet type 3 standard in Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at
Boundary (GB12348-2008).
8.4 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Solid Waste
After fly ash solidification is completed and it is qualified through leaching
inspection, it can be transported to Qizishan waste landfill plant for treatment.
Slag from house refuse incineration plant has been used for brick-making, it has
been put into practical application, it’s relative reasonable and feasible treating
measures, which not only can prevent from environmental pollution, but also can
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reach recycling purpose. Slag in the project will be transported to brick factory for
comprehensive use.
Other solid waste including water treatment sludge and house refuse is general
waste, and they will be incinerated in the incinerator, it is feasible, and with little
impact to environment.
So solid waste dealing measure in the project is feasible, which is with little
impact to environment.
8.5 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Soil
Majority of waste gas generated in project operation period is burn flue gas, with
trace heavy metal, dioxin, which may sedimentate at surrounding soil surface. Heavy
metal accumulates in the soil, and leads to physicochemical properties of the soil
changed, and the fertility drops, and it may also enter the food chain, and impact
human heath. Dioxin type organics sedimentate in the soil, if it is exposed in the sun,
it will resolve in several days; but if it is embedded in the soil, its half-life period will
be over 10 years, which may pollute the soil. The project is equipped with flue gas
disposal system, which takes strict managing measures to flue gas burning, it can
reduce heavy metal dioxin’s impact to the soil to minimum, and it will guarantee soil
environment quality is free of deterioration.
Set many layers of impervious material at waste repository and bottom and side
wall of the drainage pool to prevent from polluting the soil.
Contrast before and after construction of project phase II, key pollution factors in
the soil monitored in 2011 and 2007, the results showed a little change, which
indicates the existing project has relative little contribution to the soil environment.
Therefore, the project has little impact on the soil after adopting reasonable and
effective pollution control and precautionary measures.
8.6 Analysis on the Environmental Impact of Ground Water
8.6.1 Prediction Range
According to Technical Guidelines For Environmental Impact Assessment-
Ground Water (HJ610-2011), the prediction range is 6km circular area centered as the
project.
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8.6.2 Prediction Factors
It has determined prediction factor is Fluoride under normal emission condition
in accordance with project waste water emission features and ground water
monitoring material. Under abnormal condition, take leakage of drainage pool into
major consideration, prediction factor is COD.
8.6.3 Prediction Model for Normal Emission
According to requirements in Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment,
prediction model will adopt partial least-squares regression statistical model, to
Prediction the project water drainage’s impact range and degree on ground water
quality.
Standardize dependent variable vector and independent variable matrix and mark
as F0, E0. Key shortcut calculation procedures of one variable partial least square
regression are as follows:
'
1 0
'
1 0
hh
h
E Fw
E F
1h h ht E w
'
1
2
h hh
h
E tp
t
1 'h h h h
E E t p
In the formula: ht is the hth principal component, h
w is the corresponding
principal axis to h principal components; h
p is the coefficient when use the hth
principal component conduct least squares regression to independent variable residual
matrix, hE is independent variable residual matrix. Calculate quadratic sum of
prediction error:
2
( )
1
( )n
h i i
i
PRESS y y
In the formula, ( )i
y is to get rid of the ith sample and use the rest n-1 samples
to construct regression model, the prediction value of the ith
sample point through
calculation. Every time draw a main component, it should reject some sample one by
one to calculate hPRESS . Quadratic sum of all prediction error:
2
1
( )n
h i i
i
SS y y
iy is dependent variable prediction value of the i
th sample point through
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constructing regression model by all the samples. According to effectiveness criterion:
11 / 0.0975h h h
Q PRESS SS , to judge whether to draw h main components, if
meeting effectiveness criterion, then continue to draw main components, conduct
regression of F0 and m main components according to m extracted main components
t1, t2,…,tm, then:
0 1 1 2 2 ...m m
F rt r t r t
Then get the regression equation of original dependent variable and independent
variable through the above formula.
(1) Fluoride Partial Least-squares Regression Equation
According to relevant analysis results of rainfall –Fluoride concentration, the
factors impact –Fluoride concentration includes:t
p , 1tp , 2t
p , 1tQ , where t, t-1,
t-2 indicates the tth
, t-1th
and t-2th
year respectively, p , Q indicates annual rainfall
and concentration respectively.
Adopt partial least-squares regression and combine stepwise regression to
determine the number of variable, the after designed model is as follows:
8.6.4 Prediction Model of Abnormal Emission
In consideration of drainage pool leakage trouble of the project, waste water
leakage time is calculated as 30 minutes, COD concentration in drainage liquid is
about 41,000mg/L, then actual leaked pollutants is COD for 854.17kg.
According to requirements in Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment,
as leaking time is relatively short, suppose inject instantly during leaking, take no
account of attenuation, prediction model will adopt porous media, one-dimensional
injecting hydrodynamic dispersion equation, prediction the project’s maximum impact
degree to ground water environment quality of downstream sensitive point under
abnormal emission condition.
The area the construction project lies in is approximate average isotropy, which
takes x=0 as indefinite long straight boundary, then along x positive direction, there is
well-distributed one dimensional flow. The mathematic model is:
2
2L
C C CD U C
t x x
x 0t
( )C m xt =0x,t
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0C xx,t 0t
Get solution through Fourier transformation:
2( )
4/
( , )2
L
x ut
D t
L
m wC x t
n D te
Where: x -Distance to injecting point, m;
t -Time, d;
( , )C x t - Pollutants concentration at x point at t time, mg/L;
m -Injected tracer quality, kg;
w-Sectional area, m2;
u -Water velocity, m/d;
n -Effective porosity, dimensionless;
L
D -Longitudinal dispersion coefficient, m2/d;
8.6.5 Prediction Result Impact Analysis
According to rainfall statistical material of Suzhou in many years, in the year
with the least rainfall, according to prediction regression equation, in the project area,
average concentration of Fluoride is 0.75/mg. Under normal water drainage situation
of the project, when the rainfall reaches the least amount in the past years, Fluoride
concentration in ground water quality of the project area can reach III type water
quality standard in ground water environmental quality standards Table 1. Under
abnormal working situation, the project has the least impact on ground water quality
in the well at the nearest 1,200m at downstream-Qizi Lot, Gusu village. The
maximum impact is: COD concentration has increased 0.55mg/L, obviously, drainage
liquid has little impact on well water quality at downstream 1,200m point in
assessment range, COD in the ground water quality still can reach III type water
quality standard in ground water environmental quality standards Table 1.
The project has prepared impermeable measures at leakage could happen area,
especially waste repository and drainage liquid pool. Therefore, it has the least impact
on water in plant area.
At the same time, through the contrast of monitored ground water before and
after the project construction (in 2011 and 2007), pollution factors have a little change,
which indicates the existing project has relatively little contribution to ground water
environment, thus, the project has little impact on ground water after adopting
reasonable and effective pollution control and risk prevention measures.
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8.7 Analysis on the Environmental Impact during Waste
Transportation
After the project is completed, total waste transportation amount is 1,500t/d,
waste transportation amount is calculated as 5t load truck (dust cart), there are 200
trucks entering the area for transporting waste every day.
Waste transportation route of the project is consistent with the existing
transportation route. Transport frequency of the trucks has certain increase, so the
enterprise shall pay attention to its impact on surrounding sensitive points on transport
routeline. Transportation will adopt airtight vehicle, it will slow down when passing
populated area and bridge, no honking, waste transportation will have little impact on
routeline environment after adopting the above measures.
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9 Analysis on Environmental Impact During
Construction Period
Works to be completed at the plant area during the construction period of this
project includes: Civil works, utilities, auxiliary works, process equipment installation,
electrical, telecommunication, instrument installation works and other supporting
works. It is estimated that the overall construction period of the plant will be 18
months.
It is inevitable that waste water, waste gas, noise and solid waste, etc. will be
generated due to construction activities during the construction period. The
construction period is characterized with periodicity, temporality and instability,
which will exert some environmental impact on the circumstances with the
construction noise and dust as the most.
9.1 Noise Environmental Impact Assessment and Control
Measures During Construction Period
9.1.1 Main Noise Sources
Noise is the main pollutant during the construction period, mainly from noises
generated from civil construction machinery such as pile driver, bulldozer, mixer,
transportation vehicles, etc. Noise strength is generally 75~105dB (A). Table 9.1-1
shows the main construction equipment and noise value of the project. During the
actual construction process, generally many equipment works together and all kinds
of noise radiation overlay, so the noise level will be higher and the radiation impact
range will be greater.
Table 9.1-1 Construction Machinery Noise Source Intensity
S/N Equipment Name Quantity (set)
Average Sound Level A at
5m Distance
Unit: dB (A)
1 Pile Driver 2~3 94
2 Concrete Mixer 3~5 82
3 Bulldozer 2~3 77
4 Excavator 3~5 84
5 Crane 5~6 85
6 Electric Welder 10~20 90
7 Automobile 5-8 90
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S/N Equipment Name Quantity (set)
Average Sound Level A at
5m Distance
Unit: dB (A)
Electric Saw - 100
Loader 2~3 89
9.1.2 Noise Assessment Standard
Noise environment impact assessment of construction activities is conducted in
accordance with Noise Limits for Construction Site (GB 12523-90), see Table 9.1-2.
Table 9.1-2 Noise Limits for Construction Site
Construction
Stage Main Noise Source
Noise Limit LeqdB(A)
Daytime Nighttime
Earthwork Bulldozer, Excavator, Loader, etc. 75 55
Piling All kinds of pile drivers, etc. 85 Construction
Prohibited
Structure Concrete Mixer, Vibrating Rod,
Electric Saw, etc. 70 55
Decoration Crane,
Elevator, etc. 65 55
9.1.3 Noise Impact Analysis
A. Forecast Content
Forecast noise values of construction site at different construction stages.
B. Forecast Method
Use point noise source attenuation along with distance mode to calculate the
impact of single equipment noise on the forecast spots to forecast the impact of many
equipment noise on site by overlaying.
C. Forecast Mode
Noise Source Attenuation along with Distance Mode:
L(r)=L(r0)-20log(r/r0)-△L
Where, L(r) ——the noise level dB(A) generated by the point source at the
forecast point
L (r0)——Known noise level dB(A) at the reference position r0.
△L——Attenuation value caused by various factors
D. Forecast Result
Without considering any sound barrier, see Table 8.1-3 for single equipment
noise source attenuation value along with distance. The construction equipment noise
limit at daytime is within 100m, and if such high noise equipment as pile driver,
electric welder, and crane are not used at nighttime, the standard will be met. So,
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piling is forbidden at nighttime.
Traffic Noise Impact Analysis during the Construction Period
The in-and-out of earthwork and construction materials during the construction
period will make the traffic flow in some places much greater. It is estimated that the
transportation vehicles will increase to 50 shift/day. All the vehicles are high-tonnage
trucks which sound level is above 85dB (A). For the transportation is discontinuous
which doesn’t contribute much to the traffic noise. But in order to avoid the residents
and private and public institutions on both sides from being impacted, the
transportation of construction materials is prohibited during 22:00~6:00 at nighttime
to avoid the increase of night traffic noise level. Meanwhile the peak hour shall also
be avoided to prevent traffic jam.
Table 9.1-3 Single Equipment Noise Source Attenuation Value Along with
Distance
Unit: dB (A)
Equipment
Name 5m 10 m 20 m 30 m 50 m 80 m 100 m 150 m 200 m
Pile Driver 94 88.0 82.0 78.4 74.0 69.9 68.0 64.5 62.0
Concrete Mixer 82 76.0 70.0 66.4 62.0 57.9 56.0 52.5 50.0
Bulldozer 77 71.0 65.0 61.4 57.0 52.9 51.0 47.5 45.0
Excavator 84 78.0 72.0 68.4 64.0 59.9 58.0 54.5 52.0
Crane 85 79.0 73.0 69.4 65.0 60.9 59.0 55.5 53.0
Electric Welder 90 84.0 78.0 74.4 70.0 65.9 64.0 60.5 58.0
9.1.4 Noise Control Measures
To reduce the impact of construction noise on the circumstance, the following
noise pollution control measures are suggested during construction:
1 Enhance construction management, reasonably arrange construction time
and strictly follow relevant regulations on construction noise
management to prohibit high noise construction at nighttime;
2 Use low noise construction equipment as far as possible. For example,
replace pneumatic tools with hydraulic ones, and try our best to use the
construction method that causes low noise at the same time.
3 Set necessary sound-proof wall around high noise equipment or
construction boundary to lower the external radiation of noise.
4 All preparations shall be ready, minimize the operation time of mixer
before continuous concrete casting.
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9.2 Waste Water Environmental Impact Assessment and
Control Measures During Construction Period
Main sources of waste water during the construction period are flushing water of
construction materials, concrete curing drainage, equipment hydraulic testing water
and domestic waste water of construction workers. It is estimated that the waste water
generated by construction and production is 20t/d, and main pollutant is SS, and the
petroleum materials leaked from construction machinery. Domestic waste water is
about 5-8t/d, main components are COD, ammonia nitrogen, TP, SS, etc. Additionally,
there are also other pollutants such as coliform, grease and surfactant.
Control measures:
1 The flushing water of sandstones, concrete curing water, equipment
hydraulic testing water and flushing water of equipment and vehicles
shall be led to the pre-set settling pond and recycled after being settled,
no external drainage is allowed.
2 The construction company shall enhance sewage treatment, especially
toilet sewage shall be discharged into the cesspool, and then put in the
sewage pipe network and random discharge is prohibited.
3 Enhance the management of fuel oil, engine oil and lubricant, etc. used
by various kinds of vehicles and equipment. All waste oil shall be
concentrated and collected for treatment. Random pouring and discharge
into nearby rivers is prohibited.
4 Enhance the maintenance of construction machinery to avoid oil leakage
from construction machinery.
9.3 Waste Gas Environmental Impact Assessment and Control
Measures During Construction Period
Main waste gas during the construction period is dust and construction waste gas
on the construction site. The construction waste gas mainly comes from mixing, the
off-gas discharged by the freight cars entering and leaving the site, waste gas from the
temporary canteen for the construction team and the waste gas from the driving
equipment of construction machinery (such as diesel engine, etc.).
The ground will be excavated during the construction process, so dust is
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inevitable and brings some bad impact on the environment. The main source of dust is
the followings: Mechanic excavation, waste soil stack, transportation, concrete mixing
and surface exposure.
Analogy survey shows that, the severest dust comes from transportation, loading
and unloading of the construction materials and concrete mixing, and the range of its
impact is within 200m of the construction site, and the area 100m downwind is
impacted the most by dust. Then the dust generated by the earthstone work in dry and
gale weather. After some protection measures are taken, the impact range of the
construction dust will generally be 50m outside the plant, so the area within this range
will be impacted apparently, so the impacts of construction dust on nearby Songchao
Village is very small.
The following measures must be taken to lower the impact of dust and
construction waste gas on the environment:
1 The trucks shall be intact and without overload, and covering and sealing
measures shall be taken to avoid materials from leakage;
2 The construction waste and domestic waste shall be cleaned up timely
and the site shall be leveled in time. Water shall be sprinkled when the
work level is dry to prevent secondary dust;
3 The construction site must be enclosed;
4 The temporary piling area must be covered;
5 Earthwork excavation and backfilling, etc. is prohibited in gale weather.
The solid waste environment impact assessment during the construction period
and control measures:
The solid wastes during the construction period are domestic garbage and
construction garbage, the treatment measures are as follows:
1 The domestic garbage generated during the construction period will be
disposed in a unified manner by local environment and health
departments, and will be cleaned out of the site timely;
2 The metal dogs, timber and construction material scraps and waste
concrete, etc. generated during the construction period shall be collected
and treated by special staff and cars.
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9.4 Ecological Environmental Impact Assessment and Control
Measures during Construction Period
The planned plant site neither belongs to river source, drinking water protection
zone, natural protection zone, scenic spot, tourist resort; nor belong to cultural relic
protection zone or important resource abundant areas designated by the state, province
(autonomous region), and municipality directly under the Central Government.
The expanded project is located in the valley plain formed by the northward
stretch of 3#, 4# col of Qizishan. The newly-required land is mainly the valley plain in
front of Qizishan, which is mainly covered by a few bushes and weeds. There is no
agricultural production and husbandry within 500m range of the project.
Therefore, the ecological impact of this project construction is very small. But
for that Qizishan is in the south of the project, it is suggested that the company do
water and soil conservation well during the construction period.
As stated above, the noise, waste gas, waste water and solid waste generated
during the construction period will exert some impact on the environment. But if the
construction company seriously makes the organization (including workforce,
schedule plan and construction level management, etc.), and conduct housekeeping,
enhance the ecological protection near the plant area and abide by the suggestions on
environmental protection above, the project construction period will exert no impact
on the environment.
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10 Risk Assessment
10.1 Overview
The environmental risk is a kind of serious pollution incident spread by
environmental medium, and caused by spontaneous causes or human activities which
is highly uncertain. The environmental risk assessment is to analyze hidden
environmental risk incidents, the probability and consequence of the incidents, so as
to determine corresponding safety measures.
This is a waste Waste-to-Energy Project; domestic waste is not dangerous waste,
so the possibility of malignant environmental incidents during storage and
transportation is low. But harmful smoke will be generated during waste incineration,
so there is certain potential environmental risk in incident discharge. In accordance
with the requirements of No. 82 HF (2006) Notice on Risk Assessment on Major
Environmental Accident Hidden Danger, Circular of Enhancing Environment Impact
Assessment Management and Preventing Environmental Risk, Notice on Enhancing
Environment Impact Assessment of Biomass-to-Energy Projects and Technical
Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects (TJ/T169-2004),
environmental accident risk assessment shall be conducted on this project to come
up with necessary control measures to realize the goal of lowering the risk and extent
of risk and protecting the environment.
10.2 Risk Identification
10.2.1 Material Risk Identification
In accordance with addendum a of the Technical Guidelines for Environmental
Risk Assessment on Construction Projects, see Table 10.2-1 for the determination
standard of the material danger
Table 10.2-1 Identification Standards for Material Danger
Material Classification
LD50 (Rat
through mouth),
mg/kg
LD50 (Rat through
skin), mg/kg
LC50 (Mouse through
inhalation for 4 h), mg/L
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Material Classification
LD50 (Rat
through mouth),
mg/kg
LD50 (Rat through
skin), mg/kg
LC50 (Mouse through
inhalation for 4 h), mg/L
Toxic
material
Extremely
toxic
material
<5 <10 <0.1
Extremely
toxic
material
5<LD50<25 10<LD50<50 0.1<LC50<0.5
General
toxic
material
25<LD50<200 50<LD50<400 0.5<LC50<2
Flammable
Material
Flammable
Gas
A material that in normal atmospheric pressure, it is gas and mixed
with air to form a mixture that is flammable, its boiling point(normal
pressure) is 200C or 200C
Flammable
Liquid
A material with flash point lower than 210C, boiling point higher than
200C
Flammable
Liquid
A material whose flash point is lower than 550C, in liquid form under
pressure, in actual operation(such as high temperature and pressure) , it
may cause a major accident
Explosive Material A material that will explode with the influence of flame, or more
sensitive to impact, friction than nitrobenzene.
Based on the analysis of raw material used and pollutants generated, the relevant
pollutants are HCl, CO, NH3, H2S and light diesel. Analyze in accordance with
Materials Risk Characteristics Table (see Table 10.2-2).
Table 10.2-2 Identification of Major Materials Risks of This Project
Poison, Flammable, Flammable, Explosive
HCl
Poisonous material determination standard No. 3, general poison in Table 1
addendum of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects
(HJ/T169-2004). Not the poison in List of Toxic Chemicals (2002). Categories 8.1,
in List of Dangerous Chemical acid corrosive, S/N 81013.
CO
If mixed with the air, an explosive will be formed, if met with open light and
highly heated it will flame and explode. Explosion limit (v%):12.5-74.2, LC50:
1807ppm 4 h (rat inhale).
Flammable material determination standard No. 1 in Table 1 addendum A of
Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects
(HJ/T169-2004). Categories 2.1, in List of Dangerous Chemical acid corrosive,
S/N 21005. Not the poison in List of Toxic Chemicals (2002).
NH3
Poisonous material determination standard No. 3, general poison in Table 1
addendum A of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on
Projects (HJ/T169-2004). If mixed with the air, an explosive will be formed, if met
with open light and highly heated it will flame and explode. Not the poison in List
of Toxic Chemicals (2002).
H2S
If mixed with the air, an explosive will be formed, if met with open light and
highly heated it will flame and explode. LC50: 1807ppm 4 h (rat inhale).
Not the poison in List of Toxic Chemicals (2002).
Light Diesel Diesel is the mixture of all groups of hydrocarbons with C16~C23 boiling range of
200~380℃, its volatility is smaller than gasoline, density (20℃) 0.80~0.85, flash
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point 45~55℃, explosion limit 1.5~4.5%, fire risk Class-2B. Flammable material
determination standard No. 3 in Table 1 addendum A of Technical Guidelines for
Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects (HJ/T169-2004).
10.2.2 Identification of Major Risk Sources
Main risk sources are at the environmental treatment devices lot, select light
diesel, HCl, CO, NH3 and H2S as discerning factors, see the standards in Table 1
addendum A of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on Projects
(HJ/T169-2004), GB18218-2000 Major Risk Identification, see Table 10.2-3 for the
specific result of major risk identification of this project. As shown in Table 10.2-3,
there is no major risk source in this project.
Table 10.2-3 Identification of Major Material Risks of This Project
Material
Classification
Production Site Storage Site Result of
Major Risk
Source
Identification
Utilization/Generation/Existence
Quantity
Threshold
Quantity
(T)
Utilization
/Generation/Existence
Quantity
Threshold
Quantity
(T)
HCl Generation Quantity 21.08
Kg/H, Treated Immediately. 20 No 50
Non-major
Risk Source
CO Generation Quantity 8.45 Kg/H,
Treated Immediately. 2 No 5
Non-major
Risk Source
NH3 Generation Quantity 0.68 Kg/H,
Treated Immediately. 40 No 100
Non-major
Risk Source
H2S Generation Quantity 0.012
Kg/H, Treated Immediately. 2 No 5
Non-major
Risk Source
Light Diesel Maximum Storage 25T N 30 NO Non-major
Risk Source
10.2.3 Identification of Possible Hazards During Production
The major environmental risks in project incineration operation are:
(1) Abnormal burning, the temperature of the smoke excessively high, the bag
is damaged, so that dust removal is compromised;
(2) Flue gas cleaning treatment control malfunction or lime, activated charcoal
injection malfunction, causing excessive discharge of pollutants;
(3) Accumulation of flying dust in the deduster, explode when met with fire
source, or the activated charcoal quality fails to meet the standard, leading to
excessive discharge of such material as dioxin group;
(4) For the problems of structure, anti-leakage, the leachate leaks and pollutes
nearby underground water;
(5) Improper gas exhaust, resulting in higher pressure in the furnace;
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(6) Improper management on the coal site leads to fire etc. accident when met
with fire source;
(7) Leachate accident discharge when maintenance or furnace stops;
(8) Odor accident discharge when maintenance or furnace stops.
10.3 Assessment Grade Determination and Assessment Range
10.3.1 Assessment Grade
In accordance with the probability of risk accident in foreign countries in
incinerator operation, its severity, consequence of influence on human and
environment, we come up with an accident risk grade 4 and risk grade, see Table
10.3-1.
Table 10.3-1 Accident Risk Probability and Grade Category Accident Severity and Accident Risk Rating
Accident Severity L
Low
M
Medium
H
High
C
Catastrophic
Consequence of Influence on Human
First
aid of
minor
injury
Serious
injury
reversible
Serious
injury
reversible
some death
Many death
Consequence of Influence on Environment Injury
on site
minor
reversible
injury
To places
outside the
site
Serious
reversible
injury
To places
outside the
site
Irreversible
injury
(10-year)
To places
outside the
site
Probabilit
y of
accidents
Possibility Frequency
time/year
Probability
grade Accident Risk Grade
Once a year at
the maximum
possibility
> 10-1
1 3 2 1 1
About Once
every 100
years
10-3
to 10-1
2 3 3 2 1
10,000
Low
Possibility
once 10,000
years
10-5
to 10-3
3 3 3 3 2
Lowest
Possibility
once
1,000,000
years
10-5
4 3 3 3 3
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Accident Risk Grade: 1 represents unacceptable, 2 represents medium, and 3
represents acceptable.
In accordance with the comparative operation of incineration power plants in
France and Japan, generally the residual risk probability is about grade 3-4 after
prevention measures are taken, the residual risk probability is mainly grade 3, 2 is
rare.
See Table 10.3-2 for environmental risk grade analysis of this project.
Table 10.3-2 Project Environmental Risk Grade Analysis
S/N Type of accident Consequence of
accident
Potential
risk grade Prevention measure
Residual
risk
grade
1 Abnormal burning, flue
gas temperature is too
high
The bag is damaged,
and deduct
influenced 2
Smoke temperature
control, Contingency
sprinkling 3
2 Flue gas cleaning
treatment control
malfunction or lime,
activated charcoal
injection malfunction
Excessive discharge
of pollutants 1
Stop feeding,
incinerator enters
closure process 3
3 Accumulation of flying
dust in the deduster,
explode when met with
fire source, or the
activated charcoal quality
fails to meet the standard
Excessive discharge
of such material as
dioxin group. 2
Clean the dust timely,
metal equipment
grounding, inject N2 if
needed 3
4 For the problems of
structure, anti-leakage, the
leachate leaks
Nearby
underground water
polluted 2
Underground water
quality control,
incineration furnace
stops
3
5 System exhaust
malfunction
Improper gas
exhaust, higher
pressure in the
furnace
2 Stop feeding
automatically 3
In accordance with Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment on
Projects and poison degree of risk material, major risk source and local condition of
environmentally sensitive place to conduct material evaluation classification work.
There is no major risk source in this project, but due to the fact that the poison of the
risk material is relatively high and that the surrounding place is environmentally
sensitive, we determine the risk grade of this project as grade II.
10.3.2 Assessment Range
In accordance with Technical Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment
on Projects (HJ/T169-2004), based on the harm threshold and position of sensitive
zone, determine the impact range of hazardous chemicals and specify the atmospheric
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environmental assessment Grade 2 range which shall be at least 3km from the source
point.
Main environmental protection goals within this project assessment see Table
10.3-3 and Fig. 1.7-1.
Table 10.3-3 Main Environmental Protection Goals within the Range of Risk
Assessment
Environmental
Factor
Environmental
Protection
Object Name
Direction Distance
(m) Scale
Environmental
Function Remarks
Air
Environment
Mudu Town
(ancient area) WNW 2,600-6,300
200,000
Persons
GB3095-1996
Medium II
Former Gusu
Village W 2,000
3,600
Households
Now
Unified
as Gusu
Village
Qizi Lot,Gusu
Village N 1,200
20
Households
Fenghuang
Lot, Gusu
Village
SW 1,650 3,100
Households
Suzhou
University of
Science and
Technology
E 2,300 7,500
Persons
Renji Nursing
Home N 1,100 20 Beds
Shangfangshan
Forest Park SE 1,600 5.002km
2
Surface Water
Xujiang River N 1,500 — GB3838-2002
Medium III
Jiangnan
Canal NE 5,000 — Class IV
10.4 Analysis on Sources
10.4.1 Analysis on Accident Sources
Through analysis, the main accident sources are as follows:
(1) The impact on the circumstances when incinerator and its accessory semi-dry
flue gas treatment device do not reach the normal treatment efficiency.
(2) The impact on the circumstances when incinerator starts (heats up) and stops
(flames out) or due to management or personal factors such as the incinerator
temperature is not high enough and the discharge of dioxin is abnormal.
(3) The impact on the circumstances when the furnace shuts down or during
maintenance when the stink prevention measures don’t work, resulting in discharge of
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stink materials.
(4) The impact of leachate leakage on the circumstances.
(5) The impact on the circumstances when the amount of CO in incinerator is
excessive thus leading to explosion.
(6) The impact of the fire and explosion risk when light diesel leakage on the
circumstances.
10.4.2 Maximum Credible Accident
The analysis of accident risk identification and accident factors show that, main
project environmental risks lie in accident discharge of flue gas treatment system and
leachate leakage. When incinerator’s accessory semi-dry flue gas treatment device
doesn’t reach the normal treatment efficiency, resulting in the waste gas that doesn’t
meet the standard will go into the atmosphere, polluting the surrounding air which
will heavily impact the environment. Leachate leakage will cause underground water
environmental pollution or surface water pollution. Once there is an accident, it will
severely impact environmental quality, life and asset.
Therefore, in accordance with project material identification, major risk source
identification, potential risk identification during production, the cause of accidents,
the severity of accident consequence, the maximum credible accident of the project is:
◆Accident discharge of flue gas treatment system
◆Underground water pollution results from leachate leakage.
Based on the results of maximum credible accident, see Table 9.4-1 for accident
source intensity.
Table 10.4-1 Accident Source Intensity and Probability Table
Position of
Accident
Leakage
Source
Accident
No.
Occurrence
Probability Accident Setting
Flue Gas
Treatment
System
Treatment
Measure
doesn’t Work
Accident 1 6.8×10-4
/a
Suppose that accident discharge time is 1
hour, the time from accident discharge
begins to feeding and incinerator stops
Garbage
Storage Pit
Leachate
Leakage Accident 2 1×10
-4/a
Garbage geomembranes of the garbage
storage pit ruptures, resulting in leachate
leakage and underground and soil pollution.
10.5 Analysis on Accident Consequences
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10.5.1 Forecast and Calculation of Atmospheric Accident under
Abnormal Working Conditions
The following things of planned project environmental risks under abnormal
working conditions shall be taken into consideration: one is the waste gas discharge
when incinerator and its accessory semi-dry flue gas treatment device don’t reach the
normal treatment efficiency; two is dioxin accident discharge when the operation of
incinerator is not stable; when incinerator stops for maintenance, odor accident
discharges. See 8.1 for relevant forecast and evaluation.
When we take a conservative consideration, dioxin material’s impact on human
body is analyzed as follows:
In accordance with the (Environment Development No. 82[2008]) Circular on
Further Strengthening Environment Impact Assessment Management of
Biomass Waste-to-Energy Projects, dioxin accident risk assessment takes
4TEQpg/kg of daily human resistible intake as reference, and the allowable amount
into human body take 10% daily resistible intake.
Suppose that the average weight of every healthy adult is 60kg, the allowable
inhale limit of everybody is 1TEQpg/person·h.
Data shows that, generally average inhale of the average person is 0.0042m3,
hourly average inhale 0.252 m3. After calculation, the dioxin concentration limit into
human body through breath is 3.97TEQpg/m3.
Under project abnormal working conditions, after the maximum hourly
concentration caused by regular waste gas discharge overlying with local ones, it still
meets corresponding environmental quality standard requirements. Under abnormal
working conditions, the maximum hourly ground concentration value of sensitive
points in the evaluation range are all higher than normal working conditions, but when
overlaid with this bottom it still meets corresponding environmental quality standard,
and continuous abnormal working time is no more than 1 hour.
Therefore, analyzing from the aspect of human health, dioxin under accident
conditions is acceptable.
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10.5.2 Odor Pollutant Accident Discharge Caused by Malfunction of
Odor Pollutant Control Measures and the Impact on Ambient
Environment
The causes of malfunction of odor pollutant control measure are: the incinerator
stops, primary air fan stops air suction from the garbage pool, the probability of the
occurrence at most once a year or twice a year, lasting for 2-4 days.
When the boiler accident stops or maintenance, the garbage storage pit should be
sealed, if the waste is to be discharged, it must undergo deodorization treatment,
change the gas 1~1.5 times per hour, the waste gas will be sucked to the activated
charcoal waste gas cleaning and deodorization device via the air suction hole on the
upper side of the garbage storage pit. The activated charcoal waste gas purifier has the
following sections: air inlet section, filter section, air outlet section, after the waste
gas comes into through the air inlet it will be filtered by the activated charcoal in the
filtering section, the majority of the odor is absorbed by activated charcoal grains,
then discharged into the atmosphere by the exhaust fan. What’s more, by enhancing
spraying deodorization, we can lower the amount of odor to the greatest extent. The
odor pollutant amount is relatively small under accident state, which exerts little
impact on circumstance.
10.5.3 Impact of Leachate on Underground Water
The project impacts the residents’ wells drinking water of the nearest Gusu
village Qizi lot 1200m away under abnormal working conditions is relatively small,
its greatest impact is that the COD concentration increases by 0.55mg/L, so we can
see that under abnormal working conditions, impact of leachate on the residents’ wells
drinking water of 1,200m away downstream is not obvious, and its underground water
quality can still meet III water quality in Table 1 of Quality Standard for Underground
Water.
This project has done the anti-leakage at where leakage is possible, especially the
storage and leachate pool. So, its impact on the underground water in the parameter of
the factory lot is small.
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10.5.4 Analysis on Explosion Accident Caused by Excessive Amount
of CO in Incinerator and the Impact on Ambient Environment
Under normal conditions, the CO generation concentration is 100mg/m3, and its
volume ration is 8.0×10-5, far lower than CO explosion limit (v%)12.5-74.2, so under
normal conditions, it is free of explosion accident. The probability of explosion
accident caused by excessive amount of CO is also very low, no relevant report to
date. The causes of excessive amount of CO are: the wind supply of the air fan
(primary, overfire air fan) is insufficient, thus large amount of CO is generated at the
same time the air supply of the sir fan doesn’t increase dramatically, and large amount
of CO is accumulated in hearth and waste heat boiler. But to this project the
probability of this is low, and it won’t last for a long period, no more than 1 hour. The
CO concentration generated at this time is 493mg/m3 with the volume ratio 3.9×10-6,
far lower than CO explosion limit (v%)12.5-74.2, the probability of explosion is quite
low. Should there be an explosion, such pollutants as HCl would be leaked to the
circumstances and severely impact it.
10.5.5 Risk of Fire and Explosion Caused by Diesel Leakage
The most probable accident is that the stored oil leaks and causes fire and
explosion. After the tank fire breaks out, the radiant heat by oil burning will impact
the nearby oil tank and the buildings, even cause a new fire. This is destructive to the
circumstances.
In accordance with the analysis of the main risk factors and harmful factors, we
will use US DOW Chemical Company (DOW)’s Fire, Explosion Risk Assessment
(the 7th
edition) to conduct the fire, explosion risk assessment of this project.
We use the relevant index calculation sheet and safety compensation index
calculation sheet of each unit in US DOW Chemical Company (DOW)’s Fire,
Explosion Risk Assessment. The result of risk grade is listed in the following Table
10.5-5, as a control of US DOW Chemical Company (DOW)’s Fire, Explosion Risk
Assessment (Table 10.5-4). As we can see from Table 10.5-5, after safety
compensation, the risk grade of each unit all lower by a grade, the fire, explosion risk
of oil tank in this project is lower, which is in the acceptable range.
Based on the calculated fire and explosion index, we can get the exposure radius
by referring to the drawings or by calculation. See Table 10.5-6 for the calculated
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exposure radius and exposure territory area of each unit.
Table 10.5-2 Fire and Explosion Indexes (F&EI) Calculation Table
Item Oil Storage of the Project
Selected Typical Material Light Diesel
Material Factor MF 10
1. General Process Risk Range of Risk Index
Basic Factor 1.00 1.00
A Exothermic Reaction 0.3-1.25
B Endothermic Reaction 0.2-0.40
C Treatment and Conveyance of
Material 0.25-1.05
0.85
D Enclosed or Indoor Process
Unit 0.25-0.90
E Channel 0.20-0.35
F Discharge and Leakage Control 0.25-0.50 0.5
General Process Risk Coefficient
(FI)
2.35
2. Special Operation Risk
Basic Factor 1.00 1.00
A Toxic Material 0.20-0.80
B. Negative
Pressure(<500mmHg) 0.50
C Operation within and around
the Burning
(a) Tanked Flammable Liquid 0.50 0.50
(b) Process Malfunction or
Sweeping Failure 0.30
(c) Always within the Range of
Burning 0.80
D Dust Explosion 0.25-2.00
E Pressure (Refer to drawings)
F Low Temperature 0.20-0.30
G Quantity of Flammable and
Instable Material
1.08
(a) Liquid and Gas in the Process
(b) Liquid and Gas in Storage
(Refer to drawings)
(c) Flammable Solid in Storage
and Dust in the Process
H Corrosion and Abrasion 0.10-0.75 0.20
I Leakage(Joints and Sealing) 0.10-1.50 0.10
J The Equipment Using Open
Fire
K Hot Oil Heat Exchange System 0.15-1.15
L Rotating Equipment 0.5
(F2) Special Process Risk Factor 2.88
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(F2)
Process Unit Risk Factor (F3=F1×F2) 6.77
(F&EI=F3×MF) Fire, Explosion Index (F&EI=F3×MF) 67.7
Table 10.5-3 Safety Measure Compensation Indexes Calculation Table
Item Range of Compensation
Index Oil Storage of the Project
1. Process Control Safety Compensation Index (CI)
Contingency Power Source 0.98 0.98
Cooling Device 0.97-0.99 0.99
Anti-explosion Device 0.84-0.98
Contingency Cutting Device 0.96-0.99 0.98
Computer Control 0.93-0.99
Inert Gases Protection 0.94-0.96
Operation Guideline/Procedures 0.91-0.99 0.92
Chemical Activated Material Check 0.91-0.98
Other Process Risk Analysis 0.91-0.98
C1(The Product of Index - ) 0.87
2. Material Isolation Safety Compensation Index (C2)
Long-distance Control Cutting Valve 0.96-0.98 0.98
Spare Blowdown Device 0.96-0.98
Discharge System 0.91-0.97
Interlock Device 0.98
C2(The Product of Index - ) 0.98
3. Fire Prevention Facilities Safety Compensation Index (C3)
Leakage Check Device 0.94-0.98 0.98
Steel Structure 0.95-0.98 0.98
Firefighting Water Supplying System 0.94-0.97 0.97
Special Fire-fighting System 0.91
Sprinkler System 0.74-0.97 0.89
Water Curtain 0.97-0.98
Foam Extinguisher 0.92-0.97 0.94
Portable Fire Extinguisher/Water Gun 0.93-0.98
Cable Protection 0.94-0.98 0.94
C3 (The product of index - ) 0.73
Safety Measures Compensation C=C1×C2×C3=0.63 0.64
The Fire Risk Index after Compensation 43.3
Table 10.5-4 Fire Explosion Index and Risk Grade Table Range of Fire Explosion Index Risk Grade
1~60 Lowest
61~96 Low
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91~127 Medium
128~158 Likely
>159 Probable
Table 10.5-5 Risk Grade Comparison Before and After Safety Measure
Compensation Table
Assessment Unit Before Compensation After Compensation
F&EI Risk Grade F&EI Risk Grade
Oil Storage of the
Project 61.5 Lower 36.9 Lowest
Table 10.5-6 Oil Storage Exposure Radius and Territory Area of the Project Item Oil Storage of the Project
Fire Explosion Index 61.5
Exposure Radius (m) 15.2
Exposure Area (m2) 838
10.6 Risk Control Measures for Current Project
10.6.1 Countermeasures for Incinerator Waste Gas Treatment
System Pollution Accident Discharge Risk
Special staff will be in charge of daily environmental management, to set up
the system of “Environmental Management Staff Responsibility” and “Environmental
Accident Control Measures” to enhance supervision and management of incinerator
waste gas treatment system.
Enhance the periodical check and maintenance of waste gas treatment system,
if any potential accident spotted, resolve it in no time.
Install flue gas online monitor to monitor the waste gas control effect online.
Import the waste gas treatment equipment and devices those are technically
advanced and effective to ensure that the discharged pollutants meet the standards.
When the incinerator starts, preheat the bag deduster with electricity. When
the temperature reaches the requirement, start the incinerator and bag deduster at the
same time.
10.6.2 Control Measures for Explosion Accidents Caused by
Excessive Amount of CO in Incinerator
In order to avoid explosion accidents caused by excessive amount of CO in
incinerator, the following control, buffer and Contingency measures shall be taken, (1)
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Monitor the amount of O2 in the incinerator to see the incomplete burning, to timely
adjust the burning to ensure the complete burning of the garbage; (2)interlock the
draft fan and ventilator, once the draft fan stops for malfunction, the ventilator must
also be shut down, the incinerator shuts down at the same time. (3) Pay attention to
hearth negative pressure to avoid positive pressure. (4) If unfortunately the incinerator
stops due to explosion inside the incinerator, air supply shall be stopped and increase
air draft section time of the ventilator; (5) properly conduct daily check and
maintenance of the incinerator to rule out accidents.
10.6.3 Countermeasures Against Oil Tank Leakage and Explosion
Risk
Strictly follow relevant national regulation of safe production, take B
production and storage safety technical measures and abide by the B industrial fire
prevention regulations and norms;
Establish and perfect periodical safety check system under the safe production
responsibility system, conduct periodical maintenance of the pipes and valves of the
oil storage tank to timely spot accident potential and rule it out;
Enhance safety awareness, strengthen safety education and staff’s safety
awareness, seriously implement safety regulations and systems to avoid staff’s wrong
behaviors, and formulate corresponding contingency measures;
Smoke and fire prohibited around the light diesel storage tank;
Make sure that cofferdam has been set around the diesel storage tank to avoid
diesel leakage to the outside circumstances when light diesel leakage occurs.
10.6.4 Countermeasures against Odor Pollutant Accident Discharge
Caused by Failures of Odor Pollutant Control Measures
To prevent odor pollutant accident discharge, take the following control, buffer and
contingency measures:
1 Enhance daily check and maintenance of incinerator to lower accident
probability;
2 Buffering measures: Enhance garbage pool spraying deodorization to reduce
odor generation;
3 Set deodorization devices at the garbage unloading platform, discharge the
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odor via the roof after the gas inside the unloading hall is deodorized by the
deodorization devices to prevent the odor from leaking freely.
10.6.5 Other Accident Control Measures
(1) Enhancing Safety and Fireproof Measures
The firefighting equipment set in the incineration plant is in line with the
relevant requirements in Code for Design of Extinguishers Distribution in Buildings
(GBJ140-1997), and check periodically to test the firefighting equipments function
and change timely. Set main firefighting water hose in the project lot, distribute it in a
ring, the branch pipes are independent. If one branch pipe is damaged for fire, the
main firefighting pipe can ensure that there is still enough water; set fire extinguisher
in the incinerator workshop, set fire hydrant in the parameter and enough alarm and
escape shall also be set.
The area distribution of the fireproof lot shall be in line with relevant
requirements in Code for Fire Protection Design of Building (GBJ140-1997).
Take relevant lightning protection and explosion-proof measures, and the
design is in line with requirements in Design Code for Protection of Structures
Against Lightning (GB50057-2000) and General Rules for Designing the Production
Facilities in Accordance with Safety and Health Requirements (GB5083-1985).
Incineration workshop, transformer room, coal warehouse shall be designed in
accordance with fireproof rating 1, other construction (structure) shall be no lower
than rating 2; The building fireproof rating shall not be lower than rating 2 when coal
initiation ignition and auxiliary burning is applied in incinerator. The buildings
mentioned above shall be isolated from other rooms by a fireproof wall.
(2) Anti-leakage Measures
Leakage is one of the accident sources of the environmental risks of this project,
the main measures to prevent material leakage are:
Globe valve and pumping system must be installed on clean sewage pipe (storm
sewer), pumping system connected to the sewage treatment station of this project.
Make the operation procedures stricter, especially the filling ratio of the tank
trough. Formulate a reliable equipment check and maintenance plan to prevent
accidents caused by improper equipment maintenance.
Where the poisonous gas and flammable gas may leak, set poisonous gas or
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flammable gas inspection in accordance with the standard, to test the poisonous gas
concentration in the operation environment at any time, and set a gas alarm plate in
the control room and lead the signal into the DCS system so as to take necessary
measures.
Strengthen inspection during operation. Establish such normative management
institutions as the evaluation, approval, operation, monitor, rescue, Contingency
procedures, accident report, etc.
(3) Establish and Perfect Safe Environment Management System.
A special department responsible for safety management shall be set. Its main
responsibilities are fully responsible for the safe production of the whole factory,
follow safe production law, regulations, enhance safe production management,
establish and perfect safe environment management responsibility system, implement
management staff and fund, perfect safe production conditions to assure safe
production.
Coordinate with relevant authorities and design and construction unites to
strictly follow the “3 same time” at the design, construction and acceptance, etc. of the
project.
Take corresponding prevention measures against possible unsafe measures to
wipe out accident potentials. Should there be any accident, effective measures must be
taken to lower the damage caused by accidents and environmental pollution.
In accordance with the requirements of Regulations on Enterprise Staff Labor
Safety, Health, Education Management (No. 405 Ministry of Labor Issue [1995]), we
should establish a periodical safety education training evaluation system to
continuously improve production, management staff’s safe operation skill and
self-protection awareness.
Enhance the monitor, check, periodical maintenance of the equipment to assure
that the equipments and devices are in good state. As to the accidents occurred or near
misses, malfunctions, abnormal process conditions, wrong operation, etc. we should
make a meticulous record and analyze the causes thoroughly, and find out correction
measures. Collect, analyze the related cases both at home and abroad, compare the
specific conditions of the projects to enhance effective measures on such aspects as
safety technology, management to avoid the occurrence of similar accidents.
Record and analyze various kinds of inspection goals and leakage points and
check points. Treat and correct the unsafe factors timely.
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Formulate an contingency plan and link it with regional contingency plan, try
our best to use social assistance to minimize loss and environmental pollution.
10.7 Formulation of Accident Contingency Plan
Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Limited has made the
Summary of Accident Contingency Plan during the operation of current project, which
targets the Waste-to-Energy Project accident risk and comes up with countermeasures
and Vein Industrial Park joint-action program.
10.7.1 Purposes of Formulating Risk Accident Contingency Plan
The purpose of formulating risk accident contingency plan is to make the most of
the plan at the fastest speed, organize orderly rescue to control the accident and lower
its damage and the loss it causes when the accident occurs.
10.7.2 Basic Requirements of Risk Accident Contingency Plan
Basic requirements of risk accident contingency plan are: scientific, pragmatic
and authoritative. Risk accident Contingency rescue work is a very scientific work,
we must conduct scientific analysis and argument to make a strict, unified, complete
contingency plan; the plan shall be in line with the actual conditions of the project, it
is characterized by being pragmatic, simple, easy to grasp, etc; it shall also make clear
the responsibilities, authority limit, task, work standard, reward and punishment, etc.
to make it an institution of our company to ensure that it is authoritative.
10.7.3 Environmental Risk Contingency Institution Setting and
Responsibilities
Targeting possible environmental risks, we should set up a leadership group for
Contingency rescue under accident conditions (it is suggested that the HSE group
takes this responsibility). The leadership group for Contingency rescue is a permanent
organ that is set up by our company to prevent and tackle various kinds of sudden
accidents, whose man responsibilities are:
(1) Prepare and modify accident contingency rescue plan.
(2) Organize and establish the rescue team and organize training and exercises.
(3) Check how the safety work is implemented.
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(4) Check and urge the prevention measures of major accidents and preparation
of contingency rescue.
(5) Issue and cancel orders in the contingency actions.
(6) Responsible for reporting the accident to the upper governmental organs and
neighboring institutions and the residents nearby.
(7) Responsible for investigating the causes of accident, tackle accident in a
proper way and summarizing the lessons.
10.7.4 Procedures for Tackling Risk Accidents
There shall be a complete procedure diagram for tackling the project risk
accident. Should be there be any contingency accident, we must follow the risk
accidents tackling procedure diagram to tackle it. The basic structure chart of
company risk accident contingency organization system is as Fig. 10.7-1, which shall
be perfected in accordance with the actual conditions of the enterprise. See Fig. 10.7-2
for planned structure chart of company risk accident contingency organization.
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Fig. 10.7-1 Company Risk Accident Contingency Organization System
Structure Chart
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Fig. 10.7-2 Accident Contingency Organization Structure Chart
10.7.5 Risk Accident Tackling Measures
To effectively tackle risk accident, there should be practical tackling measures.
Project risk accident contingency measures includes: The establishment of such
systems as equipment, accident site commanding, rescue, communication, etc. site
contingency measures plan, accident danger inspection team, site withdrawal and
remedy measures plans, etc.
(1) Establish alarming communication system and accident tackling leadership
system.
(2) Formulate effective accident-tackling contingency plan which shall be
recognized by relevant departments and effectively cooperate with relevant
departments.
(3) Make responsibilities concrete, and make each department and relevant staff.
(4) Formulate an implementation plan by which we can control land reduce
incident impact, its degree and remedy measures.
(5) Oversee site accident management and the process of accident-tackling,
which shall be the responsibility of staff or staff in relevant department who
GovAdministration
CorCommanding
team
CorTechTeamm CorRescueTeam CorLogisticMaterial
team
CorMedicare Team
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is experienced in accident-tackling.
(6) To improve accident-tackling team’s coordination rescue level and actual
capacity, check contingency comprehensive operation of rescue system,
improve actual capacity, we should carry out contingency rescue exercise.
10.7.6 Risk Accident Contingency Inspection
When waste gas accident occurs, it shall be reported to upper organs immediately,
and upper organs will arrange the accident contingency inspection, in which project
characteristic factors of surrounding sensitive points is paid special attention to
(Dioxin is temporarily not included for its long inspection cycle).
10.7.7 Risk Accident Contingency Plan
The contingency plan of the planned project must be prepared in mean time to
cope with possible contingency risk accidents. Should there be any accident we can
initiate Contingency treatment under full preparation.
The risk accident contingency plan includes: the classification of contingency
state, contingency plan area and accident grade, contingency protection, Contingency
medical treatment, etc. So the followings shall be included in the risk accident
contingency plan:
Table 10.7-3 Key Points of Sudden Environmental Risk Accident
Contingency Plan
S/N Item Content and Requirements
1 Contingency Plan Lot Risk Target: Environmental protection
2 Contingency Organ, Personnel Factory, regional contingency organs, personnel
3 Plan Graded Response
Conditions
Formulate the grade of plans and graded response
procedures. In accordance with controllability, severity and
range of impact, stick to the principle of “company self-rescue, the seat plays major part”, when it exceeds
company’ capacity in the contingency plan, shall require upper contingency plan initiated in time
4 Contingency Rescue Support Contingency devices, equipments, etc.
5 Alarm and Communication,
Contact Way
Formulate the alarm and report-to-police way, notification
way, control under contingency situations,
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6
Contingency Environmental
Inspection, Disaster-relief,
Rescue and Control Measures
A professional team will be responsible for the supervision
and inspection on site, evaluate accident property, parameter
and consequence, to provide decision-making reference for
the commanding department
7
Contingency Inspection,
Protection Measures,
Leakage-removal Measures and
Equipment
Accident site, nearby area, control firefighting area, control
and removal pollution measures and corresponding
equipment
8
Personnel Withdrawal,
Evacuation, Contingency Dosage
control, Withdrawal
Organization Plan
Poison contingency dosage regulation on people in accident
site, factory nearby area, the and accident affected zones,
withdraw organization plan and rescue, medical care and
public health
9
Accident Contingency Rescue
Closure Procedure and Recovery
Measures
Formulate contingency state ending procedures
Accident site remedy, recovery measures
Nearby area accident alarm removal measures and remedy,
recovery measures.
10 Contingency Training Plan After the formulation of contingency plan, arrange
personnel training and exercises in mean time.
11 Public Education and
Information
Conduct public education, training and release relevant
information in the areas near our factory
12 Record and Report
Set a special record for contingency accident, set up file and
special report system, set up a special department for
management
13 Attachments Preparation and formulation of attachments related to
contingency accidents.
10.8 Contingency Prevention of the Expansion Project and Its
Contingency Plan
Our company has formulated effective accident risk prevention measures and a
series of practical and feasible contingency plan during the operation of the project
Phase I, II, see 10.6, 10.7 for details.
Combine with risk prevention measures and contingency plan during Phase I, II,
we will systematically connect this project with current project risk prevention
measures to effectively cope with accidents and maximally reduce harm to human
health and environment by flue gas excessive discharge, waste water And dangerous
waste constituent leakage to air soil or waters due to fire, explosion or other sudden
and non-sudden incidents. As to different grades of risk accident, we have different
response plan, which has built a joint-action mechanism together with current project,
vein industrial park, etc.
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Should the risk accident be severe, which severely impacts the environmental
interests of third party institution and the populace, and cause severe environmental
impact which need to be reported to upper leaders by the person takes full
responsibilities of the contingency team, and the upper leader will immediately inform
Suzhou Environmental Contingency and Accident Investigation and Suzhou
Administration Center for Solid Waste,. They will arrange the specific contingency
rescue to lessen its impact on the environment. The member of contingency team will
do the reserve job of the accident site to prevent it from enlarging and solve the
remedy problem of the participants.
10.9 Summary of Risk Assessment
Based on accident risk analysis and calculation, the maximum credible accident
is the accident discharge and odor accident discharge when the accessory of the
incinerator-the semi-dry flue gas treatment devices doesn’t reach its normal treatment
efficiency.
Under abnormal working conditions, regular waste gas PM10, HCl, dioxin
discharge contributes more to ground hourly concentration than normal working
conditions. The maximum HCl, dioxin ground hourly concentration caused by regular
waste gas discharge, after it is overlaid with this bottom, still meets corresponding
requirements of environmental quality standard; but as to PM10, and it still fails to
meet the standard. Maximum HCl, dioxin ground hourly concentration of various
sensitive points in the evaluation range contributes more than normal working
conditions, but when it is overlaid with this bottom, it still meets corresponding
requirements of environmental quality standard. So the impact of dioxin under
accident state and from the aspects of human health, it is still acceptable.
When the boiler shuts down or is in maintenance, the garbage pit shall be sealed,
and the odor discharged to the atmosphere after it is cleaned by activated charcoal
waste gas treatment devices, and the discharge amount of odor is little under accident
state and its impact on the circumstance little.
So when the conditions that inspection enhanced, risk control measures
established and practical contingency plan made, the environmental risk of this
project is still acceptable.
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11 Emission Control
In accordance with such national, provincial regulation as Administration Rules
on Construction Environment, Interim Provisions on the Control of Total Amount of
Discharged Pollutants of Jiangsu Province (Order No. 83 by the provincial
government), Circular of Issuing the Review Management Measures of Regional
Balance Plan of the Total Discharge Amount of Main Pollutants of Construction
Project in Jiangsu Province (Jiangsu Environment Office No. 71, 2011), pollutant
emission control must be carried out, and pollution quota in Jiangsu’s newly built,
expanded and reconstructed construction projects, after they got them can they
construct and produce. This emission control analysis provides basis for the
application of discharge quota by analyzing the total discharge amount of the main
pollutants of this project, checking project emission control indexes.
11.1 Emission Control Factors
In accordance with total emission control requirements of Jiangsu Province and
combined with project construction and pollutant discharge characteristics, the total
emission control factor by the assessment is:
Waste Air Pollutants: SO2, NOx.
Water Pollutants: CODCr, NH3-N。
Other factors (dust, dioxin, HCl, HF, Hg, Cd, Pb, CO, BOD5, SS, TP, etc.) will
be the evaluation quotas.
11.2 Emission Application
See Table 11.2-1 for the total emission of pollutants of this project.
Table 11.2-1 Emission Application of This Project Unit: t/a
Categories Name Discharge
Amount
This project
Carry-the-old-with-the-new
Reduction Amount
Takeover
Amount
of whole
Factory
Discharge
Amount
Approved
Amount Amount of
Generation
Amount
of
Cutting
(or
Amount
of
Amount
of
Discharge
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Disposal)
Waste
Water
Amount
of Waste
Water 227,772 258,408 255,744 2,664 218,448 11,988
11,988
104,590*
COD 113.89 4,478.27 4,477.20 1.07 109.22 5.73 0.60 89.96*
BOD5 68.33 1,540.78 1,540.24 0.53 65.53 3.33 0.12
SS 91.11 387.35 386.95 0.40 87.38 4.13 0.12 37.17*
NH3-N 7.97 255.97 255.88 0.09 7.65 0.42 0.06 3.5*
TP 1.82 31.60 31.59 0.01 1.75 0.09 0.01
Waste Gas
dust 38.08 16368 16,351.63 16.37 14.5 39.95 48.21
SO2 18.17 109.12 92.75 16.37 1 33.54 247
NOX 362.3 589.25 294.63 294.62 0 656.92 694.1
HCl 10.91 208.69 200.34 8.35 2.35 16.91 19.29
HF 2.02 16.37 14.73 1.64 0 3.66
CO 79.60 81.84 0 81.84 0 161.44
Pb 0.11 8.18 7.36 0.82 0 0.93
Hg 0.006 0.82 0.74 0.08 0 0.086
Cd 0.004 0.82 0.74 0.08 0 0.084
Dioxin 0.19g/a - - 0.1637g/a 0 0.3537g/a 0.3855g/a
Solid
Waste
Industrial
Solid
Waste
0 137,922 137,922 0 0
0
Domestic
Solid
Waste
0 10.2 10.2 0 0
0
Remarks: in the original environmental assessment report and its approval, leachate liquid will be sent to the leachate
liquid treatment plant at Qizishan landfill, so leachate discharge volume is not included in current project waste water
volume and approved total waste water volume.
11.3 Emission Balance Plan
Phase III project will ensure that there will be no new waste gas pollutant and
waste water pollutant emission cut via carry-the-old-with-the-new reduction, which
will be balanced in current approved total emission.
Properly treat the industrial solid waste and general waste to realize solid waste
zero discharge, no need to apply for total emission.
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12 Public Participation
12.1 Purpose of Public Participation
The construction of any project will have favorable or unfavorable impact on the
surrounding natural and social environment which will directly or indirectly affect
public interests of neighborhood areas. The public will have different attitudes from
respective interests. “Public Participation” of environmental impact assessment is to
have public survey during the environmental impact assessment which is to
understand the attitude and viewpoint of various circles to engineering construction.
The purpose of public participation in the environmental assessment: Understand
the viewpoint and attitude of surrounding public to the project construction and
understand the impact scope of the project to society, economy and environment to
make environment impact assessment democratization and publicity.
12.2 Principles of Public Participation
According to the document spirit of Interim Provisions for Environment Impact
Assessment Public Participation (Environment Development 2006 [No. 28] and the
characteristics of the project, the following principles are determined:
Reflect the right to know of the public for important events of social
development and economic construction, protect the interest of general public, and
strengthen the public’s participation awareness of environmental protection.
Through the on-site investigation, the public will know the production and
operation condition and the implementation of environmental protection measures
after the refuse incineration power pant is established including beneficial and
harmful impact, long-term and short-term impact and if the impact can be accepted or
not - widely and conveniently.
Comprehensively reflect the attitude of the public to the environmental, local
economic construction and community life impacts caused by the project.
The object of public participation should be typical, true and extensive with
public participation style-equality.
The project is a waste incineration power plant with great sensitivity, so we focus
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on investigating the resident representatives’ opinions of the project in the assessment
scope.
12.3 Methods of Public Participation
There are many ways for public participation. Public participation in the
environmental assessment adopts online notice, newspaper notice and public
participation questionnaire and public hearings, and the investigation is combined by
representativeness and randomness. “Public Participation Questionnaire” chooses the
most significant and sensitive questions to the public relation and answers questions
mainly by ticking “√” for the public’s convenience and textually describes if
necessary.
12.4 Result Analysis of Public Participation Questionnaire
Issued
12.4.1 Investigation Methods and Principles
Public participation of the environmental impact assessment adopts the style of
questionnaire and the investigation is combined by representativeness and randomness.
In the questionnaire design, we choose the most significant and sensitive questions to
the public relation and answer questions mainly by ticking “√” for the public’s
convenience. See Table 12.4-1 for the questionnaire.
Table 12.4-1 Questionnaire of Public Participation in Environmental
Protection Construction Project
Project
Name
Waste-to-Energy Project Phase III,
Everbright Environmental Energy
(Suzhou) Limited
Construction
Site North Side of Qizi Col, Suzhou City
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Project Introduction:
To comprehensively utilize resources to a minimum, reduce the environmental pollution,
further improve environmental carrying capacity of Suzhou and achieve fast, healthy and
sustainable development, under the strongly support of local government, Everbright
EnvironmentalProtection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. decides to use reserve land and
surrounding more than 50 acres idle land, invest RMB 0.75 billion and have “4×500t/d
incinerator + 2×20MW turbo generator unit” construction of third-phase extension engineering
based on the successful operation of first and second-phase engineering of Waste-to-Energy
Project.
“3×350t/d incineration and waste heat generating project” of first-phase engineering built
by Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. on the north side of
Qizishan Col in Suzhou City was put into production formally in July, 2006 and “2×500t/d
incinerator + 20MW turbo generator unit” were put into production formally in May, 2009. The
acceptance data shows that the incinerator outlet waste gas and smoke dust, sulfur dioxide,
nitric oxide, HCl, carbon monoxide, Hg, Cd and Pb all meet the secondary standard of
Pollution Control on the Household Garbage Incineration (GB18485-2001), dioxins emission
can reach the EU standards and fluorides meet the Table 2 secondary standards of Air Pollutant
Emission Standards (GB16297-1996). Boundary particulate matter, ammonia, hydrogen
sulphide and odor concentration fugitive discharge concentration all meet the standard
requirements.
Main equipment of third-phase expansion engineering still adopts Belgium Seghers
incinerator, the tail gas adopts the handling style of “Semi-dry reaction tower + SCR denitration
+ activated carbon + bag-type dust collector” and the dioxin emission in the smoke implements
EU II standards. Odor gas is handled with negative pressure. The drainage of the project adopts
sewage separation system, a small emission of leachate is sprayed to the incinerator and the
other is adapted after the treatment of leachate treatment station. The slag is comprehensive
utilized and the fly ash is safely disposed in the landfill site of hazardous waste which will not
cause secondary pollution.
Situation of Investigated Person Unit Situation of Investigated Person
Name Gender Unit Name
Age Occupation Size Main
Product
Phone
Number
Education
Degree
Nature Competent
Department
Home
Address
City (County) Country
(Street)
Unit Address City (County) Country
(Street)
1. Whether you are satisfied with current situation of environmental quality (Please specify the reason if
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unsatisfied)
A Very Satisfied B Quite Satisfied C Unsatisfied D Very Unsatisfied
2. Whether you know/understand the proposed project in this district
A Do not Understand B Know a Little C Very Clear
3. How do you understand the project information
A Television, Broadcast B Newspaper C Internet D Folk Information E Others
4 According to what you already know, the project causes damage/impact to the environmental quality
A Serious B Quite Big C Ordinary D Little E Unclear
5. Do you think what kind of environmental problem will be caused by the project
A Atmospheric Environment B Water Environment C Solid Waste D Unclear
6., From environmental protection perspective, what kind of attitude do you hold about the project and
briefly explain why:
ASupport B Against
7. What do you suggest and require about the environmental protection in the project
12.4.2 Participants
Totally 110 questionnaires are distributed in the research and 104 effective ones
are returned (Rate of return is 94.5%). The age range of investigated persons:
Residents and workers around the proposed project site, age scope 21-71, male 64,
female 40. The participants all accept primary education and the occupations include
farmer, worker, teacher and doctor. The statistics of participants can be seen in Table
12.4-2 and the details of investigated object can be seen in Table 12.4-3.
Table 12.4-2 Participant Information Table
Item Person-time
Percentage of
the Total
(%)
Item Person-time
Percentage
of the Total
(%)
Position
Worker 22 9.0
Age
20-30 30
Farmer 186 76.2 31-40 27
Cadre 7 2.9 41-50 33
Others 29 11.9 51-60 7
Education
Primary
School 36 14.7 61 4
Junior
High
School
108 44.3 Unfilled 3
Senior
High
School
58 23.8
Technical
Secondary
School
8 3.3
Gender
Male
64 61.5
University 6 2.4 Female 40 38.5
Vacancy 28 11.5
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Table 12.4-3 Basic Information of Participants
S/N Name Gender Age Home or Unit Address Contact Phone Attitude about
the Project
1 Zhou
Chunhua Male
32
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13962100462
Support
2 Yu
Yongfang Female
37
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13814812355
Support
3 Wei
Xiaolei Male
24
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13915543473
Support
4 Wu Wei Male
30
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66262427
Support
5 Chen Wei Male
46
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
6 Sun
Quanlin Male
53
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 15050131275
Support
7 Wang
Benli Male
63
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 6629153
Support
8 Zhu
Yingling Female
39
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66517729
Support
9 Cai
Wenqing Female
37
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 15150429469
Support
10 Chen
Peipei Male
60
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66262025
Support
11
Zhang
Yongshen
g
Male
67
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66515769
Support
12 Liu Ping Male
33
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13862598372
Support
13 Qiu
Leibin Male
35
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13806200816
Support
14 Xu Cheng Male
46
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66573851
Support
15 Wang
Yongyuan Male
37
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
16 Yang Lin Female 44 High-tech Zone 68092192 Support
17 Zhou
Chunhua Male
32
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13962100462
Support
18 Gao Wei Female 55 High-tech Zone 68786905 Support
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19 Zhang En Male 48 High-tech Zone 68091496 Support
20 Zhang
Lijun Female
47 High-tech Zone
68247000 Support
21 Yang
Guocheng Male
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
22 Yu
Changbao Male
53
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
23 Shen
Xueyuan Male
46
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13912708324
Support
24 Zhu Min Female 28 Wuzhong 13915558395 Support
25 Li Bin Male
26
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
26 Wang
Qiang Male
26
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
27 Wu
Chunhua Male
34
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
28 Zhang
Chun fang Female
35
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66361722
Support
29 Yan
Minjuan Female
35
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66369536
Support
30 Chen Bin Female 41 Wuzhong 66596370 Support
31 Zhao
Luhua Female
30 Wuzhong
Support
32 Zhao
Yunfeng Male
25 Wuzhong
13862090972 Support
33 Sun Zhe Female 23 Wuzhong 13375199312 Support
34 Xie
Bentong Male
24
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13306137058
Support
35 Le Yu Male
23
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 18913195930
Support
36 Wang Mei Male
26
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13306133822
Support
37 Han
Yingying Female
41
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 6659397
Support
38 Tang
Zhiyu Female
24
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66262100
Support
39 Zhang
Lingling Female
23
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66262100
Support
40 Zhu
Weifang Female
42
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
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41 Li Zhu Female
49
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
42 Jin Fagen Male
46
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
43 Chen
Huiyun Female
44
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
44 Xu
Guihua Female
41
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
45 Chen
Shiying Male
44
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
46 Qian
Yulong Male
51
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
47 Yu Wei Male
43
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13406002231
Support
48 Zhu
Jianying Female
40
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
49 Qian
Caiyuan Female
49
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 15050110124
Support
50 Meng
Lanmei Female
46
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66266051
Support
51 Yu
Fuyuan Male
41 Wuzhong District
66211741 Support
52 Pan Wei Male
40
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66264987
Support
53 Qian
Jianguo Male
47
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
54 Wang
Xiaosheng Male
51
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
55 Zhang
Wen Male
49
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
56 Wang
Wenhua Male
37
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
57 Yu
Dangfeng Male
57
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
58 Wu
Peiying Male
48
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
59 Wang
Zhefa Female
40
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66793382
Support
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60 Wang
Wenjun Female
46 Wuzhong District
66793382 Support
61 Chen
Caihua Male
24
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 33793316
Support
62 Gao
Xixiang Male
26
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66793316
Support
63 Wang
Jiaqi Male
26
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
64 Gao Hong Female 26 Qingkou, Wuzhong 66793316 Support
65 Qian Li Male
26
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
66 Wu
Xiaoming Male
27
Mudu Town, Wuzhong
County 66793316 Support
67 Jin
Mingfang Male
49
Mudu Town, Wuzhong
County Support
68 Ma
Xuedong Female
43
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13862006278
Support
69 Zhu Wei Female 26
Mudu Town, Wuzhong
County Support
70 Chen
Chen Female
23
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 15995430630
Support
71 Xu
Yanhua Female
24
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 15151717650
Support
72 Pan
Shuiyuan Male
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
73 Chen Xin Male
47
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13912779928
Support
74 Yang
Yayun Female
22
Yan Chai Nursing
Home 15950014852 Support
75 Zhang
Qinna Female
23
Yan Chai Nursing
Home 15051582643 Support
76 Zhang
Jinjin Female
26
Yan Chai Nursing
Home 13402534433 Support
77 Meng Pan Female 23
Yan Chai Nursing
Home 15862311066 Support
78 Wang Mei Female 25
Yan Chai Nursing
Home 15250116214 Support
79 Kang
Wenhua Male
45
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13862564385
Support
80 Qian
Hailin Male
47
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13962525881
Support
81 Song
Fugen Male
50
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
82 Shu Male 53 Gusu Village, Mudu Support
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Fuyuan Town, Wuzhong
County
83 Sheng
Hongxing Male
35
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
84 Fei
Canlan Male
49
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
85 Zhao Fei Male
35
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
86 Chen
Jianchun Male
47
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
87 Yang
Yuezhen Female
47
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13814857500
Support
88 Xu
Shuimei Female
71
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
89 Wei
Jiangang Male
33
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
90 Chen
Guohua Male
40
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
91 Wang
Shuicai Male
65
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13506201657
Support
92 Wang
Aiguo Male
55
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13862058011
Support
93 Rui
Huogen Male
50
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
94 Lu
Yunwei Male
55
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
95 Ye Yinling Female
57
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
96 Chen
Yongyuan Male
41
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
97 Rui
Yufang Female
33
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
98 Qian Bin Male
26
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
99 Tang
Xiaoyan Female
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
100 Wang
Jialin Male
47
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 15195683185
Support
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101 Rui
Huoyuan Male
44
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County
Support
102 Zhang
Haojie Male
17
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 13814872932
Support
103 Lu Jinfang Female
46
Gusu Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66266120
Support
104 Liu Lin Female
41
Yaofeng Village, Mudu
Town, Wuzhong
County 66793382
Support
12.4.3 Investigation Results
The public investigation results can be seen in Table 12.4-4.
Table 12.4-4 Statistic of Public Investigation Results
Statistic of Options, Number and Ratio
1. Are you satisfied
with the current
situation of
environmental
quality?
A. Very Satisfied B. Satisfied C. Unsatisfied D. Very
Unsatisfied
35/33.6% 61/58.7% 8/7.7%
2. Do you
know/understand the
proposed project in
this district?
A. Do not
Understand B. Know a Little C. Very Clear
3/2.9% 99/95% 2/1.9%
3. How do you
understand the
project
information?
A. Television,
Broadcast
B.
Newspaper
C.
Internet
D. Folk
Information E. Others
5/4.8% 40/38% 52/50% 41/39% 1/1%
4. According to
what you already
know, the project
causes
damage/impact to
the environmental
quality
A. Serious B. Big C.
Ordinary D. Little E. Unclear
2/1.9% 17/16% 52/50% 28/27% 5/4.8%
5. Do you think
what kind of
environmental
problem will be
caused by the
project?
A. Atmospheric
Environment
B. Water
Environment C. Solid Waste D. Unclear
69/66% 12/12% 14/13% 9/8.7%
6. From
environmental
protection
perspective, what
kind of attitude do
you hold about the
project and briefly
explain why:
A. Support B. Oppose
100/100%
And:
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The satisfaction of public to the current situation of environmental quality of
proposed project site
35 of investigated public (33.6%) are very satisfied with the current situation of
environmental quality of proposed project site, 61 of investigated public (58.7%) are
quite satisfied with the current situation of environmental quality of proposed project
site and 8 of investigated public (7.7%) are not satisfied with the current situation.
Understanding of Public to the Project
101 of investigated public (96.9%) say that they know clearly or a little about the
construction of the project and 3 of investigated public (2.9%) say that they know
little about the construction of the project. 4 of investigated public (4.8%) know
something about the project from television and broadcast, 40 of investigated public
(38%) know the project from the newspaper, 52 of investigated public (50%) know
the project from Internet and 41 of investigated public (39%) know the project from
folk information. Through the public participation investigation, the openness of the
project is further expanded.
Damage/impact of the project to the environmental quality
When being asked with “Damage/impact of the project to the environmental
quality”, 2 of investigated public (1.9%) think that damage/impact is “serious”; 17 of
investigated public (16%) think that damage/impact is “quite great”; 52 of
investigated public (50%) think that damage/impact is “ordinary”; 28 of investigated
public (27%) think that damage/impact is “little”; 5 of investigated public (4.8%) say
with an unclear attitude.
What kind of environmental problem will be caused by the project?
When being ask with “What kind of environmental problem will be caused by
the project”, 69 residents (66%) say “Atmospheric environment”, 12 residents (12%)
say “Water environment”, 14 residents (13%) say “Solid Waste” and 5 residents
(4.8%) choose “Unclear”.
Overall attitude to the project
Investigated residents all support the project with no objection.
Opinions and suggestions of public to the environmental protection of the project
The investigation shows that many public propose that environmental protection
approval authority shall examine and approve strictly according to the relevant
regulations; reduce the pollution discharge and strengthen the supervision of
environmental protection facilities; have financial assurance of environmental
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protection treatment; implement “Three-Meanwhile” regulation strictly and manage
the three wastes seriously to guarantee standard discharge with high starting point and
requirements and the environmental protection authority shall have inspection and
supervision regularly, and strengthen the management.
12.5 Online Publication Investigation
The construction company has two online publications of the project in
http://wzhbj.gov.cn/ (Environmental Protection Agency website of Wuzhong District,
Suzhou City) and http://nies.org/ (Nanjing Research Institute of Environmental
Science Website of Environment Ministry) between March 21, 2011 and April 1,
2011 and July 4, 2011 to July 18, 2011 for introducing the overview of the project, the
possible environmental impact caused by the environment, environmental protection
measures to be taken and environmental impact assessment conclusion of the project
and asking for opinions and advices of public to the project construction. Currently,
the public feedback opinions to the online publication have not been received. And
the detail of online publication can be seen in the attachments.
12.6 Participating Hearing of the public
According to the Circular of Further Normalizing Public Participation and
Hearing System in Environmental Assessment of Planning and Construction (Jiangsu
Environment Office [2011] No. 173), the hearing announcement is published by the
construction unit (Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Limited.) in
the Suzhou Daily on June 18, 2011. During the open enrollment, 136 application
forms are received, and 18 of them are selected as hearing representatives and 19 of
them are selected as audit representatives. They attend the environmental impact
assessment public participation hearing of the third-phase expansion project hold in
book collection club of Mudu Town on July 8, 2011. The representatives were from
Gusu Village, Yaofeng Village, Fenghuang Cemetery, Xujiang City, surrounding
enterprises and institutions, Mudu Town government and City Municipality and
Appearance Bureau.
The representatives proposed the environmental protection of public concern
after the representatives listened to the project overview and environment impact
introduced by construction unit and environment assessment unit. Construction unit,
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environment assessment unit and relevant experts answered all the questions and
reported the sensitive problems with special attention such as dioxin and odor to the
public. The representatives participating the meeting all supported the third-phase
expansion project construction.
12.7 Grievance Redress Mechanism
Suzhou III Project has established an online monitoring system to make sure all
environmental data comply with the national and regional laws and regulations.
Monitor many relevant parameters such as concentration of flue dust (particulates),
SO2, NOx and CO, flue gas flow rate, temperature, humidity and oxygen content, etc,
and record the discharge rate and total discharge amount ,etc. Suzhou Environment &
Municipal Administration Bureau and Solid Waste Management Bureau are in charge
of supervision. If there is excessive discharge or pollution accident, Suzhou
Environmental Protection Bureau and Construction Bureau will conduct investigation.
Local citizen will directly make complaint to local government.
Hold meeting with environmental protection bureau and surrounding villages and
citizens. Set up complaint call: 0512-66562298.
Public survey during the environmental impact assessment has been carried out.
There are many ways for public participation. Public participation in the
environmental assessment adopts online notice, newspaper notice and public
participation questionnaire and public hearings, and the investigation is combined by
representativeness and randomness. Set up complaint call: 0512-66561183.
At construction phase of project, strengthen the environmental protection
awareness, eliminate the illegal acts, implement different environmental protection
management measures, strengthen environmental management and reduce the impact
to the surrounding environment. The environmental protection administrative
department will strengthen the supervision, guarantee the project operation according
to the design principles and implement different environmental protection measures.
Set up complaint call: 0512-66568033.
When any dispute arises from project construction and operation, public may file
an appeal with competent authorities. Assigned person will responsible for record and
documents file. Authority, Project Company, local citizen and the complainants will
implement on-site inspect. Related to the complaint from Environmental Protection
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Bureau, Project Company will cooperate with local authorities on supervision and
inspection. The results and amend must report to the relevant departments and
publics.
12.8 Investigation Conclusion of Public Participation
(1) According to the regulations of Interim Provisions for Environment Impact
Assessment Public Participationt, the public participation takes fair as the principle
and the public participation forms are mainly online publication, newspaper
publication, issuing public participation questionnaire and holding public participation
hearing.
(2) The investigation result of public participation shows that all the investigated
residents all support the project without objection. Some residents proposed a few
requirements and suggestions. After the collection, the project shall prepare for the
pollution prevention measures with high standards, guarantee standard discharge and
reduce the pollutant discharge and the surrounding environment impact; require the
approval department to examine and approve strictly and strengthen the daily
supervision management. The public require that environmental protection approval
department shall examine and approve strictly according to the national relevant
regulations; reduce the pollution discharge and strengthen the supervision of
environmental protection facilities; have financial assurance of environmental
protection treatment; implement “Three-at-the-same-time” regulation strictly and
manage the three wastes seriously to guarantee standard discharge with high starting
point and requirements; after the project is put into production, environmental
protection department shall examine regularly, supervise and strengthen the
management. The construction unit will adopt the proposed suggestions by public,
strengthen the environmental protection awareness, implement different
environmental protection management measures, strengthen the environmental
management and reduce the impact to the surrounding environment as much as we
can.
(3) Attitude about Construction Unit: Through different forms of public
participation, the construction unit attaches great importance to the public opinions.
The construction unit explains the proposed opinions by pubic, adopts some opinions
and explains the reason for unused opinions. And they will strengthen the
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environmental protection awareness, eliminate the illegal acts, implement different
environmental protection management measures, strengthen environmental
management and reduce the impact to the surrounding environment as much as we
can. The environmental protection administrative department says that they will
strengthen the supervision, guarantee the project operation according to the design
principles and implement different environmental protection measures.
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13 Feasible Analysis of Site Selection
13.1 Consistency Analysis to Urban Planning
(1) Urban Overall Planning
In the Suzhou Urban Master Plan (2007~2020), the Qizishan waste treatment
plant will still be used explicitly and the expansion feasibility is considered.
The construction project is located in the Qizishan area, Mudu Town, Wuzhong
District, Suzhou City. The area is planned as “U 42: Excrement and waste treatment
land” in the Mudu Town Planning of Wuzhong District attached to the Suzhou Urban
Master Plan (2007~2020).
(2) Suzhou Everbright National Venous Industry Park Planning
According to Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene[2007] No.
71, environmental protection and planning feasibility of Qizishan waste landfill layout,
change of domestic waste treatment from single landfill to the combination of
incineration power plant and landfill and the construction of Everbright
Environmental Protection Industry Park are affirmed. Around the future trend of large
urban area (District 7), higher requirements are proposed for the follow-up expansion
of domestic waste treatment in the Everbright Environmental Protection Venous
Industry Park; strengthen the enterprise environmental administration of surrounding
areas of Qizishan, improve the surrounding environment, ensure the environmental
protection industry park to be built as top level and guarantee the environmental
quality of surrounding areas. Suzhou Everbright National Venous Industry Park
planning Construction (The planning has not been approved) takes production area as
core, research development zone as technical support, management service zone as
safeguard and environmental protection education base as the window. Everbright
environmental protection incinerator is one of the projects from Everbright
Environmental Protection Venous Industry Park.
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(3) Planning of Xujiang City, Mudu Town, Wuzhong District
Mudu Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou City is planning to construct Xujiang
City along the Xujiang River (The planning is still in publication phase and has not
been approved) and the site of Everbright environmental protection project in the
planning is sanitation facility site.
In conclusion, the construction of this expansion project is consistent with
regional planning.
13.2 Consistency Analysis to Environmental Sanitation
Professional Planning
According to the Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene
(2006~2020) (Passed the assessment of experts organized by Jiangsu Provincial
Construction Office), we predict that the total of domestic waste in Suzhou City will
be 3,390t/d and 4,740t/d by 2020.
According to the Bulletin on Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution
by Solid Waste of Suzhou City (2009) issued in June, 2010, the total of domestic waste
in Suzhou urban area is 1,554,300 t (about 4,258t/d) which is greatly over the
predicted total 3,390t/d by environmental sanitation planning in 2010.
Currently, waste treatment capacity of first and second phase engineering of
Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Limited is about 2,580 t/d and
the average volume entering into the incinerator is 2,090/d with 20.08% moisture
content is excluded (leachate volume discharged when being stacked in the trash bin)
which is a little over the operation load; first-phase storage capacity 4.7 million cubic
meters of Suzhou Qizishan domestic waste landfill has been filled with waste and 8
million cubic meters storage capacity is newly increased after the vertical stacking is
expanded in 2009.
With the increasing of domestic waste every year, the burden of Qizishan landfill
and Everbright incinerator is more and more heavy and the current waste treatment
facilities can not meet the requirements of social life. Qizishan is the only landfill.
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Once it is filled with waste, the waste solution will be a great problem in Suzhou City
and it cannot find a suitable site as the landfill site in Suzhou City currently.
13.3 Consistency Analysis on Important Environmental
Protection Targets
(1) Consistency of Taihu Lake Water Pollution Prevention and Control
Regulations of Jiangsu Province
According to the Taihu Lake Water Pollution Prevention and Control
Regulations of Jiangsu Province, the nearest straight distance of the project to the east
coast of Taihu Lake is about 7km and it is not belong to the Level I protection zone of
Taihu Lake Basin. The river of water intaking is Xujiang River which is one of the
lake outlet water channels, the west end is connected with Taihu Lake by Mudu
navigation lock and the east end is connected with Jiangnan Canal. After the
concentrated treatment of drainage of the project in the sewage plant of new district, it
is discharged into Jiangnan Canal with meeting the standards. According to the
regulations, Xujiang River and Jiangnan Canal does not belong to the lake inlet water
channels, so the project site does not belong to the Level II protection zone of Taihu
Lake Basin.
According to the above analysis, the project belongs to the Level III protection
zone of Taihu Lake Basin.
(2)Consistency of Regional Planning of Jiangsu Important Ecological Function
Protection Zone
According to the Regional Planning of Jiangsu Important Ecological Function
Protection Zone, important ecological targets in the project assessment range are
Mudu Scenic Spot and Qizishan Ecological Forest. Through the environmental impact
analysis on atmosphere and water and accident risk impact analysis, we can know that
the project has no significant adverse effect for above protection targets.
In conclusion, the project construction is not against the protection requirement
of important environmental protection target.
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13.4 Consistency of Environment Development [2008] No. 82
Regulation
Environment Development [2008] No. 82 regulation proposes relevant
requirements in site selection, equipment mode selection, pollutant control, waste
collection and transportation, environmental protection distance and public
participation for Waste-to-Energy Project. Relevant discussion of the report proposes
measures and requirements around them and now we will list to contrast the
consistency between the project and requirements of Environment Development
[2008] No. 82 regulation. It can be seen in Table 13.4-1.
According to the contrast of Table 12.2-1, the project is in line with the relevant
planning requirements, and the waste heat value and emission can meet the
requirement of the project. Selecting advanced and reliable process and equipment
and adopting feasible pollution control measures can guarantee the discharge
standards of pollutants. Good environmental quality of project site will not reduce the
environmental functions after the establishment of the project. Feasible odor control
measures can minimize the surrounding impact and 300m environmental protection
distance is set for the project. In general, the environmental risk can be accepted.
Public participation result shows that the project has been accepted by most public.
Generally, the project is in line with the requirements of Environment Development
[2008] No. 82 regulations.
Table 13.4-1 Consistency Comparison Table of the Project with [2008] No.
82 Regulations
S/N Document Requirement Implementation
1. Plant Site
Selection
Incineration power is adapted to the economically
developed regions without sanitation landfill that
the average low heat value of waste to the
incinerator is higher than 5,000kj/kg.
The project is located in the Qizishan of
Suzhou City (Economically developed and rare
solid resource); according to the actual
measurement of the project, the low heat value
of waste to the incinerator is about 5,415.7kj/kg
which meets the requirement that the average
low order heat value shall higher than
5,000kj/kg. The project site shall be in line with
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the specific requirement of “Lack of sanitation landfill and economically developed area”.
The site selection must be line with the overall
planning of the city, land using planning and
environmental sanitation special planning (or
concentration disposal planning of city domestic
waste); in line with the site requirements of Code
For Urban Environmental Sanitation Facilities
Planning (GB50337-2003) and Technical Code for Projects of Municipal Household Garbage Incineration (CJJ90-2009).
Apart from the forbidden pollution project sites by
national and local regulations, standards and
policies, the following areas cannot newly build
Waste-to-Energy Projects: (1) Urban build up area;
(2) the area without effective reduction measures
that the environmental quality cannot meet the
requirements; (3) the area that the environmental
protection target of sensitive area cannot meet the
relevant standard requirements.
Planning Consistency: The project
construction is in line with the relevant
contents of Suzhou Urban Master Plan
(2007~2020) and Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene
(2006~2020).
About Land Use: The project is expansion
engineering and the purpose of project site is
municipal utilities land which is in line with the
land use planning. The project site does not
belong to urban build up area.
Environmental Quality and Impact: Generally
the environmental quality is good in the project
site and it will not case the environmental
function reduction of surrounding
environmental sensitive target under the
condition that different pollution control
measures are ready during the operation period.
It is in line with the site selection
requirement of GB50377-2003, CJJ90-2009.
2. Technology
and
Equipment
The incineration equipment shall be in line with the
main indicators and technical requirements of waste
solid incineration equipment in Current National
Focus on Encouraging and Development
Environmental Industry Equipment (Products)
Catalogue (2007)
(1)Apart from the combustion conventional fuel
quality of Waste-to-Energy Project by fluidzed bed
incinerator shall be controlled less than 20% of the
total emission into the incinerator, the
Waste-to-Energy Project with the other incinerator
cannot be burned with coal. It must be equipped
with device of waste and raw coal feed-in record.
(2) Adopting advanced and mature technology and
equipment from foreign countries, synchronous
introducing mating environmental protection
technology and on this premise of meeting the
national discharge standard, its pollutant discharge
limit shall meet the design and operation value of
mating pollution control facility of introduced
equipment.
(3)Waste-to-Energy Project shall first select heat
supply unit in the city or region with industrial heat
load and heating heat load to increase
environmental protection and social benefit.
Equipment Mode Selection and Pollutant
Discharge: The project selects mature and
reliable mechanical reciprocating fire grate
incinerator incinerating process. According to
the current relevant monitoring data of
engineering, the pollutant discharge can meet
the national discharge standard.
Heat Supply: The surrounding users without
heat in the project. So the condensing unit is
proposed for power generating.
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3. Pollutant
Control
Combustion equipment must meet the “Incinerator technical requirements” regulated in the Standard
for Pollution Control on the household garbage
Incineration (GB18485-2001) to guarantee that the
acid gases such as SO2, NOX and HCl in the smoke
gas and other conventional smoke gas pollutants
can meet the “incinerator atmospheric pollutant discharge limit” requirement of Table 3 in Standard
for Pollution Control on the household garbage
Incineration (GB18485-2001).
The project dioxin discharge concentration shall
execute the EU standard (0.1TEQng/m3
in current
phase); denitration device shall be equipped when
the Waste-to-Energy Project is constructed in big
cities or an area with special control requirement to
nitric oxide and the other areas shall reserve space
of deprivation of nitric oxide; smoke gas
automatically successive monitoring device shall be
installed.
Propose requirement to auxiliary judgement
measures of dioxin, have monitoring to combustion
temperature in the incinerator, CO and oxygen
content, have networking with local environmental
protection department and measure the activated
carbon consumption.
The incineration equipment adopted by the
project shall meet the “incinerator technical requirement” regulated in the Standard for
Pollution Control on the household garbage
Incineration (GB18485-2001); smoke gas
outlet temperature≥850℃, smoke gas residence
time≥2S, chimney height≥60m. Adopt SNCR
denitration+half dry type reaction tower+dry
deacidification+activated carbon
adsorption+bag-type dust collector and
guarantee that the acid gases such as SO2, NOX
and HCl in the smoke gas and other
conventional smoke gas pollutants can meet the
“incinerator atmospheric pollutant discharge
limit” requirement of Table 3 in Standard for
Pollution Control on the household garbage
Incineration (GB18485-2001).
The project dioxin discharge concentration
executes the EU standard (0.1TEQng/m3
in
current phase); smoke automatically successive
monitoring device is installed in the project.
Have monitoring to combustion temperature
in the incinerator, CO and oxygen content, have
networking with local environmental protection
department and measure the activated carbon
consumption.
The disposal measures of acid and alkaline waste
water, cooling water sewage and other industrial
waste water; waste leachate treatment shall first
consider the spray and the others shall guarantee the
drainage to meet the national and local relevant
discharge standard requirements, waste leachate
accident collection tank with sufficient volume shall
be set; sludge or concentrated solution shall be
incinerated in the plant and cannot be handled after
it is transported outwards.
A small emission of leachate sprays, the other
parts and vehicles, floor flush water is reused
after the leachate treatment station in the plant.
The other industrial water is reused completely.
The domestic sewage connecting pipe.
The project is relying on the leachate
collection system 11,000m3 built by current
engineering as the accident buffer facility.
The sludge produced by sewage treatment
station in the plant is sent to incinerator for
incineration.
Incineration slug and incineration fly ash collected
by dedusting equipment shall be respectively
collected, stored, transported and disposed.
Generally, the incineration slug is industrial solid
waste. The project shall set corresponding magnetic
separation device to separate and recover the metal
for comprehensive utilization, or it shall be stored
and disposed by Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage (GB18599-2001),
incineration fly ash is dangerous waste which shall
be stored and disposed by Standard for Pollution
Control on Hazardous Waste Storage
(GB18597-2001) and Standard for Pollution
Control on Hazardous Waste Storage
(GB18598-2001); it encourages the comprehensive
utilization of incineration fly ash, but the
technology shall guarantee the complete damage of
dioxin and effective fixation which will not cause
secondary pollution during the production and using
of product. After the implementation of Standard
After the solidification of fly ash in the
project, if it is identified to meet the
requirement of entering domestic landfill, it can
be sent to the Qizishan landfill; if it cannot
meet the requirements, it shall be sent to
hazardous waste landfill;
Incineration slug is sent to brickfield for
comprehensive utilization;
The domestic waste of workers in the plant is
disposed in the engineering incineration
system.
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for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage
(GB16889-2007), the disposal of incineration slug
and fly ash can be carried out by the new standard.
Terrible odor control measures: Waste unloading,
waste delivery system and waste storage tank adopt
enclosed design, waste storage tank and waste
delivery system adopt negative pressure operation
mode, waste leachate treatment structures shall be
disposed with coverage and seal. Under abnormal
operation condition, effective deodorization
measures shall be taken.
Waste unloading, waste delivery system and
waste storage tank adopt enclosed design,
waste storage tank and waste delivery system
adopt negative pressure operation mode, waste
leachate treatment structures shall be disposed
with coverage and seal.
Deodorization device is set with biological
activated carbon and the NH3, H2S after can
meet the requirements of Ordor Pollutant
Discharge Standard (GB14554-93).
Under the condition that the plant stops the
incinerator for inspection or has emergency
accident, negative pressure is produced by air
extraction of roofing fan and the extracting air
is discharged through the activated
deodorization device after the deodorization to
guarantee odor leakage prevention during the
inspection period.
4. Waste
Collection,
Transportation
and Storage
Encourage and advocate waste source separate
collection, or subregion collection, the leachate
produced by waste transfer station shall not enter
into the incineration plant for improving waste
receiving heat value.
According to the Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene,
domestic waste can be sorted by combustile
waste, recycling, harmful waste and large
waste; the engineering is not newly added
waste transfer route, form the current waste
collection transfer route.
Waste transit route shall be reasonable, the carrier
vehicle shall be enclosed and have the measure of
preventing the waste leachate from leakage. It shall
adopt waste carrier vehicle with compactor which is
in line with the main indicators and technical
requirements of Current National Focus on
Encouraging and Development Environmental
Industry Equipment (Products) Catalogue (2007);
The waste transit route of the project in the
downtown area is bore by urban road network
with wide road surface and good road
condition. The transit route makes the impact
and scale of waste transit in the project to
sensitive reduce to the bare minimum. Suzhou
environmental sanitation agency is responsible
for carrying the waste transit to the project site.
All the waste transit vehicles adopt
compression enclosed type self-discharging
waste carrier vehicle which is enclosed and
impermeable to prevent the waste leachate
leaking. And there is no water environment
sensitive target such as drinking water source.
Adopt measures of preventing the waste leachate
leaking to waste storage pit, and bottom and walls
of accident collection tank
Impermeable layer is equipped in the waste
storage pit, and bottom and walls of accident
collection tank.
Adopt effective measures to prevent odor pollutants
from escaping.
Dangerous waste shall not be disposed in the
Municipal Solid Waste Waste-to-Energy power
plant.
About Odor Prevention and Control: The
project adopts compression enclosed-type
self-discharging waste carrier vehicle to reduce
the odor emission in the transit; waste storage
pit adopts negative pressure and deodorizer to
reduce the odor emission in the plant.
About dangerous waste entering into the
plant: Strengthen the management and prevent
the dangerous waste from entering into the
waste incinerator from the very beginning.
5.
Environmental
Environmental impact report shall have special
chapters for environmental risk impact and consider
According to the relevant prediction, the dioxin
pollutant in the project increases to the
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Risk the impact of dioxin and odor pollutants.
Accident and risk assessment standard shall be
implemented according to the tolerance acceptable
daily intake of 4pgTEQ/kg in human body and
allowable acceptable intake which enters into
human body by breath shall be implemented
according to the 10% of tolerance intake.
According to the given impact scope by calculation
result, environment risk prevention measures and
emergency response plan is made to prevent the
environment pollution accident from happening.
surrounding environmental impact compared
with normal condition, but it can also meet the
relevant assessment standard requirement that
is shall less than the tolerance acceptable daily
intake of 4pgTEQ/kg in human body and
allowable acceptable intake which enters into
human body by breath shall be implemented
according to the 10% of tolerance intake.
Under accident condition, discharged odor gas
by exhaust funnel after the purification
treatment of activated carbon will have less
impact on the surrounding environment. To
prevent accident and reduce the harm,
construction unit shall make environment risk
prevention measures and emergency response
plan to prevent the environment pollution
accident from happening.
6.
Environmental
Protection
Distance
According to the fugitive emission source
calculation result of produced odor pollutants
(Ammonia, hydrogen sulphide , methyl mercaptan
and odor) and considering the environment risk
assessment conclusion properly, reasonable
environmental protection distance is proposed to be
the control spacing between the project and
surrounding residential area, school and hospital,
and basis of planning control. The environmental
protection distance of renovation and extension
projects shall be over 300m.
According to the prediction and combing the
requirements of Environment Development
[2008] document, the final environmental
protection distance in the project is 400m out of
west boundary, 300m out of east and south
boundaries and 100m out of fly ash
solidification workshop without sensitive
targets such as residents within the scope.
800m protection distance range set by hazard
and waste landfill can contain the protection
distance requirements of Qizishan domestic
waste landfill and Everbright incineration
power plant without sensitive targets such as
residents within the range
7, Total
Volume
Control of
Pollutants
For newly increased pollutant discharge volume in
the project, regional balance plan must be proposed
and total volume indicator source must be indicated
clearly to achieve “Yield increase, pollutant decrease”.
Project waste gas pollutant will not over the
current approved total volume.
8. Public
Participation
The work shall be carried out strictly according to
the Interim Provisions for Environment Impact Assessment Public Participation
(Environment Development [2006] No.28) issued
by State Environmental Protection Administration.
The object of public participation shall include
impacted public representatives, experts,
technicists, basic level governmental organization
and representatives of relevant benefited public.
The openness of public participation shall be
increased and proper forum shall be organized to
have communication between public and relevant
personnel. Conclude the public opinions, have
timely communication with public with different
opinions, feedback the construction to propose
improvement opinions and finally propose the
opinion on the accepting or unaccepting of pubic
opinions.
Through different forms of issuing
questionnaire, online publication and holding
hearing in the project, public participation
investigation is carried out. Investigation public
includes cadres, workers, farmers and
surrounding general public of the project.
There is no objection in the received
questionnaires. Some requirements and advices
proposed by some residents are collected: The
project shall have high standard pollution
prevention and control measures, discharge the
pollutant with standard, reduce the discharge
volume of pollutant and impact of surrounding
environment as much as we can; they also
require the approval authority to approve
strictly and strengthen the daily supervision and
management. The construction unit accepts the
public opinions, promises to strengthen
management after the establishment and
receive the supervision of environmental
protection department and public supervision.
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9. Current
Situation
Monitoring
and Impact
Prediction of
Environmental
Quality
Apart from the relevant requirements of
environmental impact assessment guide, we shall
focus on the following:
(1) Current Situation Monitoring: Monitoring
factors are determined according to the discharge
standard. Before the incineration power plant is put
into operation, Two monitoring points are
respectively set on the nearest sensitive point of
downwind direction by the prevailing wind
direction in the plant and pollutant maximum
ground concentration point to have dioxin
monitoring of atmosphere; two dioxin monitoring
points of soil are respectively set in the up and
down wind directions by the prevailing wind
direction in the plant and plant soil is recommended
to be selected around the maximum ground area of
pollutant concentration in the downwind direction.
According to the document requirements, the
environment unit has finished the current
situation monitoring of dioxin.
(2) Impact Prediction: Before the dioxin
environmental quality standard has not been made,
The environmental quality in the project is referred
to Japan average annual concentration standard (0.6
pgTEQ/m3) requirements. Odor pollutant
environmental impact prediction shall be
strengthened. According to the guide requirements,
it shall adopt long-term weather condition to
calculate gradually and every day. The maximum
standard distance is calculated by environment
assessment standard and those with proper
conditions can be determined according to the odor
concentration investigation and monitoring analogy
of incineration power plant with the same process
and scale.
The environmental quality in the project is
referred to Japan average annual concentration
standard (0.6 pgTEQ/m3) requirements.
Atmospheric environment assessment adopts
long-term weather condition to calculate
gradually and every day. The maximum
standard distance is calculated according to the
environment assessment standard.
(3) Daily Monitoring: When the incineration power
plant is put into operation, have a dioxin monitoring
of atmosphere and soil to smoke gas discharge and
above current situation monitoring stationing site in
order to understand and master the dioxin condition
of Waste-to-Energy Project and its surrounding
environment.
Regularly smoke gas and dioxin monitoring is
required in the environment monitoring plan of
the report after the project is finished.
10. Water Use
The water use of Waste-to-Energy Project shall be
in line with national water use policy. Using the
water from urban sewage treatment plant is
encouraged, and surface water use is limited and
underground water use is strictly forbidden in North
China with insufficient water supply.
The project uses surface water. Water recycling
in the plant.
13.5 Environmental Impact Analysis
According to the engineering analysis result of this phase, the impact of the
project to surrounding environment is mainly atmospheric pollution and the waste gas
of the project can be standard discharged with taking effective measures. According
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to the atmospheric environment impact analysis, atmospheric pollutants discharged by
the project have little impact on surrounding protection targets. After taking strictly
noise reduction measures of sound reduction and insulation to the noise caused by the
project, according to the noise environmental impact analysis, boundary noise
discharged by the project can reach the standards with little impact on the surrounding
protection targets. The waste water of the project is discharged after the taking over
treatment and the prediction result shows little impact on the surface water. The final
environmental protection distance of the project is 400m out of west boundary, 300m
out of east and south boundary, and 100m out of fly ash solidification workshop
without sensitive targets within the range. Considering the sanitation protection
distance requirement of the other surrounding waste disposal project, 800m protection
distance range set by hazard and waste landfill can contain the protection distance
requirements of Qizishan domestic waste landfill and Everbright incineration power
plant without sensitive targets such as residents within the range.
So, the construction unit implements the pollution control measures proposed by
the report and the project site is reasonable from the impact of the project to the
surrounding sensitive point.
13.6 Analysis on Reasonability of General Layout
According to the requirements for production process, transportation, fire-proof,
environmental protection, sanitation, construction and living, the project has overall
planning arrangement to all the buildings and structures, pipelines and transit route
with combining with natural conditions of plant landform, geology and meteorology
for reasonable and tight arrangement, less land, rapid construction, safe and
economical operation and convenient maintenance.
The following will have the reasonable analysis of plant layout from atmospheric
environment, noise and accident risk impact.
Atmospheric Environment Impact: The final environmental protection distance
of the project is 400m out of west boundary, 300m out of east and south boundary,
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and 100m out of fly ash solidification workshop without sensitive targets within the
range. Considering the sanitation protection distance requirement of the other
surrounding waste disposal projects, 800m protection distance range set by hazard and
waste landfill can contain the protection distance requirements of Qizishan domestic
waste landfill and Everbright incineration power plant without sensitive targets such
as residents within the range. According to the above predictive result, it shows that
the waste gas discharged by the project has little impact on the surrounding ambient
air which will not decrease the plot environmental functions of the project.
Noise Environmental Impact: Day and night noise predictive value of each
boundary in the project all reaches the Level III standard under Emission Standard for
Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary (GB12348-2008).
Accident Risk Impact: Maximum credible accident in the project is set like that:
when the mating smoke gas disposal facility of incinerator cannot achieve the normal
treatment efficiency, the emergency discharge will happen. According to the predicted
accident condition, contribution of regular waste gas (PM10, HCl and dioxin)
discharge to ground hourly concentration is much higher than the normal operating
condition. However, under abnormal operating condition, after the HCl and dioxin
maximum ground hourly concentration caused by the discharge of regular waste gas
is added with background, it can also meet the relevant environmental quality
standard requirements. So under the accident condition, the dioxin impact can be
accepted from the analysis of human health. When the boiler stops operation by the
accident or is overhauled, waste storage pit keeps close and the odor gas is discharged
into atmosphere after the treatment by activated waste gas purification deodorizing
device. Under the accident condition, the discharge of odor pollutant is little and has
little impact on surrounding environment. On condition that we strengthen the
monitoring, establish risk prevention measures and formulate feasible emergency
response plan, the environmental risk of the project can be accepted.
13.7 Summary
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Comprehensive considering the city overall planning, environmental sanitation
professional planning, the impact of pollutants discharged by the construction project
to surrounding residential area and accident risk impact and on condition that the
construction unit implements the pollution control measures, the site selection is
feasible and the management shall be strengthened to guarantee stable discharge
standard of each pollutant, prevent different pollution accident from happening and
improve the emergency measures.
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14 Economic Cost-benefit Analysis
14.1 Economic Benefit Analysis
The project includes 3 sets of 500t/d incineration systems and 2 sets of 15MW
turbo generator units which can dispose waste of 1,500t/d every day. Capital
estimation of the project includes different process systems and appurtenant
production engineering. The economic indicator analysis can be seen in Table 14.1-1
after the design output is reached by the project. From the following Table, we can
see that the project has a certain economic benefit.
Table 14.1-1 Economic Indicator Summary Table
S/N Main Indicators Unit Numerical
Value Remarks
1 Total Investment
RMB Ten
Thousand
Yuan
75,159.37
2 Investment Pay-back Period
(After-tax) Year 10.16
Including 2 years
Construction Period
3 Annual Total Power
Generation 10
4kWh 19,015
Average Production
Year
4 Average Annual Feed-in
Electricity 10
4kWh 15,593
Average Production
Year
5 Feed-in Tariff RMB Yuan
/kWh 0.636
The first 15 years is
tentative.
6 Average Annual Revenue
from Electricity Sales
RMB Ten
Thousand
Yuan
11,193.6
7 Waste Disposal Fee RMB Yuan
/t 70
8 Capital Internal Rate of
Return % 10.18
9 Balance Point of Profit and
Loss % 59.38
10 Total Investment Rate of % 6.59 Average Value
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S/N Main Indicators Unit Numerical
Value Remarks
Return
11 Capital Net Profit Rate % 12.99 Average Value
12 Staff Quota Person 60
The total investment of the project is RMB 751.5937 million. When the waste
disposal fee is RMB 70 Yuan/t and feed-in electricity price is RMB 0.636 Yuan /
kWh, capital internal rate of return in the project is 10.18% and investment pay-back
period is 10.16 years (after-tax); the project is feasible in the finance. In the economic
analysis table, sensitive analysis is carried out about factors of power, electricity price,
heat and total investment. The project has a certain anti-risk capability. It is greatly
supported by government in the later service period and enjoying different
preferential treatment of comprehensive utilization of renewable energy which can
effectively improve the economic condition of incineration project to make the project
have a certain economic benefit with obvious environmental and social benefit at the
same time.
14.2 Environmental Benefit Analysis
14.2.1 Environmental Protection Investment Estimation
The 63th regulation of Environmental Protection Design Specifications of
Construction Project points out: “Devices, equipment, monitoring methods and
engineering facilities needed by pollution control and environmental protection are all
environmental protection facilities” and “The construction projects with
environmental protection facilities shall list the investment estimation of
environmental protection facilities.
The total investment to environmental protection of the project is about RMB
159.6 million including waste gas and noise treatment. See Table 14.2-1 for main
investment.
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Table 14.2-1 Main Environmental Protection Investment Summary
Category Pollution
Source Pollutant
Control Measure
(Number, scale and
treatment capacity of
Facilities)
Environmenta
l Protection
Investment
(RMB Ten
Thousand
Yuan)
Treatment
Effect,
Executive
Standard or
Proposed
Requirement
Waste Gas
Burning
Waste Gas
SO2, NO2,
PM10, HCl,
HF, Cd,
Hg, Pb,
Dioxin
3 sets of flue gas
purification system
(semi-dry reaction
tower+dry
deacidification+activate
d carbon
adsorption+bag-type
dust collector) 3,500
Meets EU
2000
Standard
Fly ash
Solidificatio
n Dust
PM10 Bag-type Dust Collector
Boundary
Concentratio
n meets the
standard
Odor of
Waste
H2S, NH3
Odor
Gases
Negative Pressure,
Dodorizer
Boundary
Concentratio
n meets the
standard
Waste Water
Waste
Leachate
pH, COD,
BOD, SS,
Ammonia
Nitrogen
Pb, As,
Hg, Cd,
Cr6+
, Cu
Waste Leachate
Collection System
4,000
A small
amount
sprays, and
the others is
reused after
the advanced
treatment by
leachate
treatment
plant
Domestic
Waster
Water
COD,
BOD, SS,
Ammonia
Nitrogen,
Total
Phosphour
s
/ Take Over
Other Waste
Water pH Neutralization Tank Reuse
Noise Power - Sound Insulation 260 Boundary
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Category Pollution
Source Pollutant
Control Measure
(Number, scale and
treatment capacity of
Facilities)
Environmenta
l Protection
Investment
(RMB Ten
Thousand
Yuan)
Treatment
Effect,
Executive
Standard or
Proposed
Requirement
Generator Equipment, Silencer is
add the air inlet and
outlet
meets the
standard
Draught Fan,
Forced
Draught Fan
- Add Sound Insulation
Box, Silencer
Different
Pump
Casings
- Vibration Attenuation,
Sound Insulation
Air
Compressor -
Sound Insulation, Add
Silencer
Boiler
Exhaust -
Select low-noise type
relief valve control
valve, add silencer and
adopt vibration
attenuation measures
Solid Waste
General
Industrial
Solid Waste
Slag Comprehensive
Utilization and Disposal
450
Zero
Discharge of
Waste Solid Hazardous
Solid Waste
Fly Ash,
Waste
Activated
Carbon
Solidification, Landfill
Domestic
Solid Waste
Domestic
Waste
Incineration Disposal in
the Plant
Impermeable
Waste Storage Pit and
Leachate Collection
Tank, Fly ash
Solidification Workshop
Select natural clay
impermeable lining,
single layer synthetics
impermeable lining or
double layers synthetics
impermeable lining
120
No pollution
to soil and
underground
water
Greening 30% Plant greening coverage rate is 30% 180
Landscaping,
Noise
Reduction
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Category Pollution
Source Pollutant
Control Measure
(Number, scale and
treatment capacity of
Facilities)
Environmenta
l Protection
Investment
(RMB Ten
Thousand
Yuan)
Treatment
Effect,
Executive
Standard or
Proposed
Requirement
Accident
Emergency
Measure
Establish accident emergency measure and
management system (Leachate accident emergency
tank relies on the current 11,000m3)
160
Prevent the
risk accident
from happing
as much as
we can and
dispose
effectivelyto
make the
accident risk
accepted
Environmenta
l Management
(Organization,
Monitoring
Capacity)
Establish environmental management and
monitoring system; pollution control of
construction period
100
Sewage
Separation,
standardizatio
n setting of
sewage
draining exit
(Flow meter,
Online
Monitoring
Instrument)
Sewage separation, waste water pipe network
construction; one exhaust funnel (80m high 3 pipes
bundling exhaust funnel)
Standardization of Waste Water and Gas
A set of flue gas online analyser, a set of pH, COD
monitoring instrument, have real-time monitoring
to pollutants, smoke gas temperature and flow
velocity, signal is showed in the display screen of
control room and factory gate
500
“With new to replace old”
(1) Have fly ash solidification chelated treatment
(2) Improve the combustion control
system——control the times of turning fire grate,
strictly control the air leakage, reduce the smoke
gas flow velocity to reduce the smoke dust
(3) Select the bag with high efficiency dedusting,
have cleaning and blowing measures for bag to
guarantee tha the flue gas discharge concentration
can meet the EU 2000 standard
(4) Add dry deacidification system, spray the
slaked lime into the flue before the smoke gas goes
into the bag to reduce the discharge of aicd gas
such as HCl
6,690
Reduce the
current
emissions of
pollutant, the
total
emission
does not
exceed the
current total
reply
emission
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Category Pollution
Source Pollutant
Control Measure
(Number, scale and
treatment capacity of
Facilities)
Environmenta
l Protection
Investment
(RMB Ten
Thousand
Yuan)
Treatment
Effect,
Executive
Standard or
Proposed
Requirement
(5) Upgrading and standard rising modification to
leachate treatment station, add advanced treatment
process of “Nanofiltration+Reverse Osmosis”
Total 15,960
14.2.2 Expected Environmental Effect
The project adopts perfect and reliable waste gas, waste water, noise and solid
waste treatment measures to most decrease the pollutants discharged into environment
with obvious environmental benefit. It shows that: Semi-dry neutralization reaction
tower+dry deacidification are used to eliminate the remaining acid gas in the smoke
gas such as SO2 and HCl. After the deacidification, when the heavy metal matters and
dioxin in the smoke gas are eliminated by the adsorption of activated carbon, the
smoke gas passes the efficient bag-type dust collector and then discharged into
atmosphere by draught fan and chimney after the dust is removed. Incineration smoke
gas can be discharged with standards. A small amount of leachate in the project is
sprayed into the incinerator and the others takes over after the treatment in the mating
leachate treatment station; the boundary noise can meet the standards after taking a
series of noise reduction measures; solid waste caused by the project is disposed
properly or utilized comprehensively. The impact of the “Three wastes” caused by the
project to the environment is obviously reduced after reasonable treatment measures.
The project uses heat produced by incineration to generate power and recycle
domestic waste to get good environmental and economic benefit. The annual disposal
capacity of the project is 525,000t and recycles waste heat through the incineration
which not only reduces the harm of waste to environment, but also recycles the
energy of waste to bring good environmental benefit with great significance in today
of energy crisis.
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14.3 Social and Economic Environmental Impact
According to the waste disposal policy of “resource recovery, reduction and
harmlessness” in our country, the incineration has become a relatively available urban
waste disposal method. In recent years, many cities in China have built incineration
power plants and some of them have produced impressive benefit with good operation
experience. The project construction is in line with the waste disposal policy in China.
First, the incineration of domestic waste can meet the requirements of waste reducing
substantially and free a lot of waste stacking areas. Then, lots of harmful materials
burned in the incinerator with high temperature become ashes and the toxicity is much
smaller.
After the proposed project is completed, on one hand, the highlighted city
domestic problem can be solved by avoiding lots of wastes stacked on the outskirts of
the town which will occupy vast farmland, impact on the landscape, pollute source of
water, air and soil environment and cause damage to the living environment of urban
and rural residents. After the implementation of the project, current domestic waste
problem is solved. On the other hand, the positive cycle of waste resource utilization
can improve the local investment environment and play an important role in pushing
the local social and economic development with good social benefit.
In conclusion, it is an environmental protection project for public benefit. With
advantages of thorough harmlessness, obvious reduction and comprehensive
utilization of waste heat and slag, the incineration treatment is a good way to solve the
disposal problem of urban domestic waste and can meet the increasing demand of
urban waste. So the implementation of the project has positive effect on pushing the
economic and social sustainable development of Suzhou City.
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15 Environmental Management and Detection Plan
15.1 Basic Objectives of Environmental Management
Both the construction period and the operating period of this project will affect
the ambient environment to a certain degree. Adverse impact on environment must be
relieved and eliminated with environmental measures. In order to guarantee feasible
fulfillment of environmental measures, and make sure cohesive development among
social, economic and environmental benefits of this project, it is necessary to
strengthen environmental management in order to make project construction meet the
national guidelines for synchronous planning, synchronous development as well as
synchronous implementation of economic construction, social development and
environmental construction.
15.2 Management Responsibilities and Measures
Based on existing operating experience of the company, there are full-time
environmental protection management personnel in charge of environmental
management of Everbright Phase III Works, external environmental protection and
coordination, as well as environmental monitoring, which are as follows:
15.3 Environmental Management Responsibilities
1 Implement environmental protection regulations and standard;
2 Establish various environmental management systems, check and
supervise frequently;
3 Prepare project environmental protection plans and organize the
implementation of such plans;
4 Lead and organize the environmental detection work of project and set
monitoring files;
5 Thoroughly conduct environmental education and technical training to
improve staff quality;
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6 Establish rules and regulations on pollutants discharge and environmental
facility operation;
7 Responsible for daily environmental management and coordinate with
environmental administration to conduct the coordination of
environmental protection issues that is related to other social
communities;
8 Make emergency plans for accidents and incidents, and participate in
emergency treatment of such accidents and incidents;
9 Regularly check and supervise the implementation of environmental rules
and regulations, and contact relevant authorities to implement
environmental measures of various aspects in a timely manner to ensure
that it works properly;
10 Calculate the amount of activated carbon used.
15.4 Environmental Monitoring Responsibilities
1 Make annual environmental detection plan and implementation plan, and
establish various regulations and institutions and implement them;
2 Timely complete various detection tasks specified in environmental
detection plan, and prepare a report in accordance with relevant
regulations, responsible for the submission;
3 When there is any sudden pollution accident in the project, actively
participate in the accident investigation and treatment;
4 Responsible for the maintenance, overhaul and check of the detection
devices to assure that detection is smoothly conducted;
5 Organize and supervise the implementation of environmental detection
plan;
6 Establish project pollution source file that is based on the environmental
detection to gain some knowledge of project pollutant emissions,
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discharge source intensity, discharge characteristics and related pollution
treatment, comprehensive utilization.
15.5 Environmental Supervision
1 Principle of Environmental Supervision at Design Phase
The overall supervision of project design is design institution’s procedure
management. The design institution of this project has come up with perfect
examination and approval procedures and implements the policy of “prevention first,
combines prevention and control, comprehensive treatment”. Main content of
environmental supervision is as follows:
The environmental protection measures and plans in Environmental Influence
Report and the needed environmental protection measures’ investment funding budget
shall be implemented in initial or design documents of construction drawings.
In the construction organization documents, when construction material are
transported or piled, the covering measures shall be formulated in the design
documents to avoid dust pollution. When construction is conducted in dry season, it
shall be formulated that water shall be sprayed periodically or taking other measures.
2 Site Supervisions of Various Pollution Sources at Construction Phase
Project Bidding Phase
In project bid document, the environmental protection shall be included in the
corresponding articles, and the duplicate shall be sent to the environmental
supervision engineer for reference and supervision management when they conduct
site supervision.
Site Supervision of Various Noise Sources
Site environmental protection supervision engineer shall supervise and check
environmental noise of sound-sensitive buildings near the construction site. If the
results exceeds environmental noise quality standard that shall be implemented, and
residents life is harassed and influence residents’ life quality along the road,
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environmental protection supervision engineer shall inform of the contractor to take
noise-reducing measures or adjust machinery construction time.
Site Supervision of Ambient Air Pollution Sources
Ambient air pollution sources include: construction sand, stone, mixed material
pile dust; Flying dust generated during the material transportation will increase
pollution ambient air.
The severity of the above pollution sources; affecting ambient air, site
environmental protection supervision engineer shall inspect environmental air quality
of air sensitive points near the construction site, If the results exceed environmental
air quality standard that shall be implemented, environmental protection supervision
engineer shall inform the contractor of taking countermeasures and require that it the
result should be within the limit value.
Site Supervision of Water Pollution Sources
Water pollution sources include: the waste water generated in construction and
life sewage discharge by supervision institution’s living place; the waste water
discharged by mixing field (station) will directly pollute the pollution-accommodating
water.
To resolve the problem of above water pollution sources affecting surface water,
environmental protection supervision engineer shall supervise and inspect the related
items in construction site water environment water quality. If the results exceed
environmental water quality standard that shall be implemented, environmental
protection supervision engineer shall inform the contractor of taking countermeasures
and require that it the result should be within the limit value.
Construction Quality Supervision of Environmental Work Facility
The environmental project devices mainly include: flue gas treatment system,
waste water treatment device, factory zone greening, etc. The construction of
environmental devices is mainly the construction of structure project and parking
construction, the construction project quality supervision is project quality supervision
engineer and park technology staff’s responsibilities. Whether environmental effect of
environmental project meets the requirements for original design or not will be the
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emphasis of environmental supervision. If it didn’t after detection, the contractor shall
be informed of taking remedy measures and require that it the result should be within
the limit value.
15.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan
The annual budget of Environmental Monitoring is RMB 1.8 million.
15.6.1 Monitoring Objectives
Environmental monitoring is the most important link and technical support in the
environmental protection. The object of developing environment monitoring:
1 Inspect the protection of naked construction face and problems of
construction dust and construction waste water for timely treatment
during the project construction period;
2 Inspect and track the implementation and effect of different
environmental protection measures during the operation, master the
dynamically change of environmental quality;
3 Understand the operation of project environment engineering facility to
guarantee the normal operation of facility;
4 Understand relevant implementation of environmental monitoring in the
project;
5 Provide technical support for improving surrounding environmental
quality in the project.
15.6.2 Monitoring Scope
The current engineering of incineration plant has been equipped with necessary
equipment and instruments which can meet the requirements for the proposed project.
Combining with the current engineering atmospheric environment monitoring plan,
the proposed monitoring scheme is as follows.
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15.6.2.1 Atmospheric Environment Monitoring
I. Monitoring Plan of Current Pollution Sources
1 The incinerator connected with Suzhou Environmental Protection
Agency adopts smoke online monitoring equipment. Discharge volume
of smoke blackness of incinerator, HF and heavy metal and its
compounds is monitored annually; trust dioxin discharge volume
monitoring to qualification unit annually; boundaries fugitive odor is
monitored annually;
2 The sampling point of chief discharge opening in the plant has the
monitoring objectives of PH, SS, COD, ammonia nitrogen, TP, TN and
petroleum quarterly; flow, COD online monitor connected with Suzhou
Environmental Protection Agency is equipped;
3 Boundaries noise monitoring annually;
4 There are two monitoring points in the soil which is to monitor PH, Cd,
Hg, Pb and dioxin annually;
5 There are three underground water monitoring points in the boundaries
to monitor PH, total coil-form, permanganate index, fluoride, ammonia
nitrogen, Hg, Pb, Cr6+
, Cd, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, chloride, total
dissolved solids, and total bacterial annually.
II. Pollution Sources Monitoring
(1) Monitoring Section
Online automatically monitoring system is installed in the flue behind the smoke
purification system for the engineering waste incinerator.
In addition, in the upwind direction and downwind direction, two fugitive
pollutant sampling points are established respectively in the boundaries.
(2) Monitoring Objectives
The monitoring objectives of incineration soot online monitoring system: dust,
CO, SO2, NOx, HCI and temperature. Display screen is set in the plant doorway to
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public online monitoring data. Current the items which cannot be continuous
automatically monitored:
Fugitive discharge monitoring of atmospheric pollutants is implemented by the
requirements for Technical Guidelines for Fugitive Emission Monitoring of Air
Pollutants (HJ/T55-2000).
(3) Monitoring Frequency
Incinerator dust, CO, SO2, NOx, HCI and temperature is monitored by smoke
online monitoring equipment which is required to connect with environmental
protection agency.
Monitoring period of incinerator soot blackness, HF and heavy metal and its
compounds discharge volume: Quarterly.
According to ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT [2008] No. 82 Regulation,
after the project puts into operation, at least it shall have dioxin monitoring for smoke
discharge annually. So it shall trust dioxin discharge volume monitoring to
qualification unit annually.
III. Environmental Quality Monitoring
Concentration of PM10, SO2 and NOx shall be sampled and monitored
annually in the production and surrounding environment areas (Two protection targets
in the downwind direction is selected by the wind direction).
According to Environment Development [2008] No. 82 Regulation, two
monitoring points (dioxin current situation assessment monitoring point in the project)
are set respectively around the nearest sensitive point of downwind direction by the
prevailing wind direction all the year in the plant and pollutant maximum landing
concentration point to have at least annually dioxin monitoring in the atmosphere.
15.6.2.2 Water Environment Monitoring
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The monitoring objectives in the inlet and outlet of sewage treatment station are:
PH, SS, CODCr, ammonia nitrogen, TP, TN and petroleum, the monitoring period:
Once a day; and flow, CODCr online monitor is equipped.
Underground Water Monitoring: Set up a point around the 30m scope of waste
pit and two underground water monitoring wells respectively in the upstream and
downstream of underground water flow direction, monitoring objectives: PH, fluoride,
permanganate index, Cd, Cr6+
, Pb, Cu, total Hg, as and nitrate annually.
15.6.2.3 Noise Monitoring
Noises of production area, living area and boundaries are monitored regularly
and quarterly every year.
15.6.2.4 Soil Monitoring
Soil in the project site is monitored annually and the monitoring factors are PH,
Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As, Hg, Cr and Ni.
According to Environment Development [2008] No. 82 Regulations, two soil
dioxin monitoring points are established in the upwind and downwind directions
respectively by the prevailing wind direction of the plant. The monitoring point in the
downwind direction is recommended to select the planting soil around the pollutant
concentration maximum landing site (Current situation monitoring point can also be
selected) annually.
15.6.2.5 Underground Water Monitoring
Established underground water monitoring well is used to monitor PH, total
coil-form, permanganate index, fluoride, ammonia nitrogen, Hg, Pb, Cr6+
, Cd, nitrate,
nitrite, sulfate, chloridate, total dissolved solids, total bacterial count annually.
15.6.2.6 Clinker Monitoring
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Ash and slag discharge volume is monitored once a month.
15.7 Standardization Requirements for Sewage Outfall
The sewage outfall setting must be in line with the standardization requirements
for environmental supervision department to sewage outfall.
(1) Waste Water Drain Outlet (connected to pipe nozzle)
Use the previous waste water drain outlet without newly draining outlet addition.
(2) Exhaust Gas Emission Outlet
Exhaust gas emission outlet must be in line with the regulated height and the
requirements for easy sampling and monitoring in Pollution Source Monitoring
Technical Specifications. The chimney or flue of the incinerator shall be equipped
with permanent sampling hole and monitoring platform of sampling. Its sampling
outlet is determined by authorized environmental monitoring team and central station.
(3) Fixed Noise Emission Source
Fixed noise is control according to the regulation and sign is set up in the
boundaries noise sensitive point which has the most impact on outside.
(4) Solid Waste Storage (Disposal) Site
Use the special stacking site of current project to have supervision in dangerous
waste fly ash regularly produced by incineration with scattering-proof, loss-proof and
leakage-proof measures.
(5) Requirements for Setting up Signs
Environmental protection signs are produced uniformly by the Ministry of
Environmental Protection of PRC and purchased from the Ministry of Environmental
Protection of PRC by city environment supervision department according to the
sewage discharge requirements of enterprises. Pollution outfall layout of enterprise is
ordered uniformly by city environment supervision team. Set up presentation signs at
ordinary pollutants outfalls (source) and set up warning signs at outfalls discharging
poisonous and hazardous pollutants.
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Signs shall be set up at where is near the outfalls (sampling outlets) and notable.
The top of the signs shall be 2m below the ground. Set up plane signs at where have
buildings within 1m-radius area, and set up vertical signs at where have no buildings.
Relevant settings of standardized pollution outfalls (such as graphic signs,
metering equipment and monitoring equipment) are environmental protection
facilities. The pollution discharge unit shall be responsible for daily maintenance, and
no unit or individual shall remove them without permission.
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16 Conclusion and Suggestions
16.1 Project Overview
As the amount of municipal solid waste increases year by year, the burden on
Qizishan Waste Landfill and Everbright Waste-to-Energy Project becomes heavier
that the current capacity of waste treatment facilities can not meet the requirements
for social life of Suzhou City. As the only waste landfill in Suzhou City, once
Qizishan Waste Landfill is full, the waste treatment of Suzhou will become a huge
issue. And the problem is it’s impossible to find another place for waste landfill in
Suzhou at present. All of these will lead to a scenario of the city being surrounded by
waste. Therefore, Everbright Environmental Protection Energy (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. is
planning to construct the Phase-III Expansion Work with design capacity of three
500t/d mechanically reciprocating furnaces and two 15MW generating units. Total
engineering investment is RMB 750 million and total environmental protection
investment is RMB 159.6 million. The capacity of domestic waste incineration of
entire plant will be 3,550t/d after the project is established.
16.2 Ambient Quality Situation and Main Environmental
Protection Objectives
16.2.1 Ambient Quality Situation
Air Environment Quality: The detection results generated by Jiangsu
Environmental Detection Station indicate that the hourly concentration of SO2, NO2,
H2S, CO and NH3 at each detection point can meet the Class-II standards under
Ambient Air Quality Standard, and the average daily concentration of PM10, SO2, NO2,
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CO and Fluoride can also meet and exceed the Class-II standards under Ambient Air
Quality Standard. And no Hg or fluoride is tested. The hourly concentration of HCI
exceeded the standard rate at Qizi Lot, Gusu Village and former Lita Village
respectively, and the excessive rate was 3.6%; the investigation indicates that there
are HCI emission enterprises around the detection area such as Suzhou Wusheng Steel
Co., Ltd. and Chunhua Wiredrawing Co., Ltd.; according to the environmental
assessment report on Phase-II, before Phase-II construction, HCI also exceeded the
standard rate at Mudu Town and Gusu Village within the assessment area, and the
detection results of this year have become better than those of 2007. Considering that
the Everbright Phase-III Expansion Work will improve the existing Phase-I and
Phase-II Works that it might reduce HCI emission, therefore, the environmental
concentration of HCI will be further reduced.
Water Environment Quality: According to detection results, sulfide, fluoride and
volatile phenol at sections W1, W3 and W4 can meet relative standards, while
ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ss at section W2 fail to meet
the standards, and other detection factors can all meet Class-IV water quality standard
under Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002). Because
ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus of Taihu Lake fail to meet the
standards to a large degree, Suzhou has prepared a Taihu Lake treatment plan, and
also stipulated treatment plans and requirements for Suzhou section of Jiangnan Canal,
so that water quality has been improved.
Acoustic Environment Quality: Acoustic environment quality of where the
factory will be established is relatively good. Noise values at day and night measured
at each detection point can meet Class-III standard under Environmental Quality
Standard for Noise (GB3096-2008).
Underground Water Quality: According to Quality Standard for Ground Water
(GB/T14848-1993), underground water quality can meet Class-III standard.
Soil Quality: Indexes of heavy metal in soil can meet Class-II standard under
the national Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB15618-95), indicating that
current state of soil environment quality of this area is relatively good.
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Dioxin concentration: According to detection results, dioxin atmosphere
concentration and soil concentration around this project can meet relative standards.
Current states of ambient air and surface water environment are better that those
before Phase-II Work construction. The data of underground water and soil detection
factors doesn’t change much, indicating that current work does not affect the
environment that much.
16.2.2 Main Environmental Protection Objectives
The protection objectives by this project refer to Table 16.2-1 and 16.2-2.
Table 16.2-1 Environmental Protection Objectives Table
Environmental
Factors
Name of Environmental
Protection Objective Direction Distance (m) Scale
Environmental
Functions Remarks
Air
Environment
Mudu Town (Old Town
Area) WNW 2,600-6,300
200,000
Persons
Class-II under
GB3095-1996
Former Gusu Village W 2,000 3,600
Households
Now as
Gusu
Village
Qizi Lot, Gusu Village N 1,200 20
Households
Fenghuang Lot, Gusu
Village SW 1,650
3,100
Households
Suzhou University of
Science and Technology E 2,300
7,500
Persons
Shangfangshan Forest
Park SE 1,600 5.002 km
2
Acoustic
Environment Factory Boundaries — — —
Class-II under
GB3096-93
Surface Water Xujiang River N 1,500 —
Class-III
under
GB3838-2002
Jiangnan Canal NE 5,000 — Class-IV
Table 16.2-2 Important Ecological and Environmental Protection
Objectives Table
S/N Name Main Ecological Functions
1 Mudu Scenic Area Natural and Cultural Landscape Protection
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2 Qizishan Ecological and Public
Welfare Forest
Headwater Conservation and Biodiversity
Protection
16.3 Main Pollution Prevention Measures
16.3.1 Exhaust Gas Treatment Measures
(1) Exhaust Gas Incineration
Exhaust gas generated by this project refers to flue gas generated by waste
incinerator, including plenty of pollutants, such as acidic exhaust gases (SO2, HCl, HF,
etc.), dust, NOX, CO, heavy metal (Hg, Cd, Pb, etc.) and dioxin. For exhaust gas
treatment, this project applies SNCR denitration + semi-dry reaction tower + dry
deacidification + activated carbon adsorption + bag-type dust remover to each
incinerator.
This project will set up an 80m-high three-pipe clustered exhaust stack. In order
to reduce the impact on environment as much as possible, the enterprise will take
exhaust gas treatment measures, and make various pollutants meet EU 2000 emission
concentration standards, which is way better than the Standard for Pollution Control
on the household garbage Incineration (GB18485-2001).
(2) Odor
Offensive odor of this project mainly comes from the waste, basically referring
to waste storage pits, waste unloading halls, leachate storage pits and incinerators. To
avoid offensive odor coming out, this project will take the following control measures
to main offensive odor pollution sources including waste storage pits and waste
unloading halls:
Apply compressive and enclosed type waste tippers to deliver waste. Install
waste unloading doors at the entrances and exits of unloading platforms at main
building of waste incineration factory.
Waste storage pits shall be airtight with suction opening on the roof. Primary
air for combustion supporting of three incinerators shall be extracted from the top of
waste. Under normal operating conditions, waste storage pits shall in a slight negative
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pressure state to avoid offensive odor escaping.
Install exhaust fans on top of the waste, which shall be started up during
incinerator shutdown, to avoid combustible accumulation (such as methane) during
incinerator shutdown. Air extracted shall be deodorized with activated deodorization
equipment and then emitted.
Operate and mange waste repository by standards to reduce the amount of
offensive odor generated. By stirring and flipping the waste with grab bucket,
anaerobic fermentation of waste can be avoid, and thus the amount of offensive odor
can be reduced.
Use airtight residue delivery system for airtight and negative pressure
operation of residue storage pits. Offensive odor will be sent to waste storage pits
through exhaust fans as primary air for combustion.
During operation process, offensive odor is mainly controlled by enhancing
the management, such as try to reduce the factory shutdown rate, guarantee ordinary
operation of primary exhaust system, use closed vehicles as waste vehicles for
entering the factory, close the unloading doors of waste storage pits while they are not
on duty, and make the waste storage pits closed, etc.
(3) Fugitive Fly Ash Solidification Dust
Fly ashes generated by incineration process of this project will be sent to fly ash
solidification equipment. The solidification process is completely closed. A certain
amount of fly ashes after dust emission will enter the atmosphere, and then be emitted
from the roof after being dedusted with bag-type dust remover.
16.3.2 Waste Water Treatment Measures
This project applies clean (rain) water and sewage separation system.
A slight amount of leachate will be back sprayed to the furnace, while the
remaining leachate will flow into the corresponding leachate treatment station
together with floor and vehicle wash water. After being deeply treated and meeting
the reclamation water quality standard, it can be reused as the make-up water for
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circulation and cooling.
Domestic sewage is piped to the sewage treatment plant in new area.
The waster discharged by chemical water treatment system is partially used for
preparing slurry with lime, and partially used for preparing formulas in brick yard.
And the remaining is used to spray on roads and unloading platforms; water
discharged by cooling towers is reused as slag-off cooling water.
16.3.3 Noise Treatment Measures
Noise sources of this project mainly refer to air force equipment such as blower
fans, as well as water pumps and cooling towers. The project will apply low-noise
equipment, sound-insulated doors and windows, shock-resistant machine bases, as
well as enhance afforestation to reduce noise impact.
16.3.4 Solid Waste Treatment Measures
The slag generated by this project will be delivered to corresponding brick yard
for comprehensive utilization.
Fly ashes generated by this project first have to be solidified. If the inspection on
solidified fly ashes shows that they meet the requirements for entering the landfill,
they can be delivered to Qizishan Domestic Waste Landfill; if they do not meet such
requirements, they still have to be sent to Suzhou Hazardous Waste Landfill for safety
concerns.
Other solid wastes mainly include the sludge and domestic wastes in sewage
treatment plant of the factory, which shall be disposed in factory incineration plant.
16.4 Environmental Feasibility
16.4.1 Industrial Policy Compliance
This project will construct a domestic waste incineration power plant, which is
one of the projects encouraged by the National Development and Reform
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Commission under Directive 40 Guideline Catalogue for Industrial Restructuring
(2011), which is a project for “38-environmental protection and resources
conservation and comprehensive utilization; 20-urban waste and other solid waste
reduction, resources-turning, and without hazards treatment and comprehensive
utilization”. It is also one of the projects encouraged under Guidance Catalogue for
Industrial Structure Adjustment of Jiangsu Province, which is a project for “urban
waste and other solid waste reduction, resources-turning and without hazards
treatment and comprehensive utilization.
This project meets the provisions under “Clause 6 Environmental Protection and
Comprehensive Resources Utilization” of Priority Development High-tech
Industrialization Key Field Guide (2004) stipulated by the National Development and
Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology of PRC as well as the
Central People’s Government of PRC.
This project generates electricity by incinerating waste, and it also controls the
amounts of various pollutants discharged meet the standards. So this project meets the
provisions under “3.2 encourage waste incineration, waste heat utilization, landfill gas
reclamation and utilization, as well as high-temperature compost of organic waste and
making methane with anaerobic digestion”, and “3.3 avoid and control secondary
pollution during waste reclamation and comprehensive utilization” of Technological
Policy for Treatment of Municipal Solid Wastes and Its Pollution Prevention jointly
issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC, the
Ministry of Environmental Protection of PRC, as well as the Ministry of Science and
Technology of PRC (on May 29, 2000).
Therefore, the construction of this project can meet the requirements under
industrial policies.
16.4.2 Planning Compliance
This project meets the requirements under Suzhou Urban Master Plan
(2007~2020) and Professional Plan of Suzhou on Environmental Hygiene
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(2006~2020).
16.4.3 Analysis on the Compliance with Important Environmental
Protection Objectives
In accordance with Taihu Lake Water Pollution Prevention and Control
Regulations of Jiangsu Province and Regional Planning of Jiangsu Important
Ecological Functions Protected Areas, the construction of this project does not
conflict with the protection requirements for important environmental protection
objectives.
16.4.4 Compliance with HuanFa [2008] 82 Document
According to Environment Development [2008] 82 Document, this project meets
the requirements in terms of location selection, technologies and equipment,
pollutants control, environmental prevention distance, control of pollutant emissions,
and public participation.
16.5 Analysis on Clean Production
This project uses mechanically reciprocating furnaces to incinerate domestic
waste. It bears mature technology, high equipment safety coefficient, and low
equipment manufacturing and operating costs; delivers fully mechanical and
automatic operation; applies to domestic waste a lot; and reaches domestically
advanced level in terms of energy consumption, pollutants control and discharge. This
project follows the trend of waste treatment industrialization that it reduces the
amount of waste discharge (more than 85%), turns waste into resources (sell
156,000,000 kilowatt-hour electricity and comprehensively use slag), and becomes
hazardous by generating electricity with waste heat produced by waste incineration.
By taking the measure of “using the new work to promote the old ones”, the
Expansion Work has reduced the amount of pollutants discharged, increased water
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reclamation rate, reduced fresh water consumption, and realized recycling utilization.
16.6 Environmental Impact Forecast Results
16.6.1 Atmospheric Environmental Impact Analysis
With normal discharge of regular exhaust gases, all the maximum
fall-to-the-ground hourly concentration values plus background values of SO2, PM10,
NO2, CO, HCI, HF, Cd, Pb, Hg and dioxin generated by this project can meet relavent
environmental quality standards. With normal discharge of regular exhaust gases,
exhaust gas pollutants discharged and reaching the standards do not contribute to
various exhaust gas pollutants at sensitive points around that much, and being added
up with background values, all sensitive points can meet relevant environmental
quality standards and requirements.
By starting this project, the maximum average daily concentration
contribution values plus background values of various pollutants can meet relevant
environmental quality standards. With normal working conditions, regular exhaust
gases do not contribute to ambient sensitive points that much, and after being added
up with background values, they can meet relevant environmental quality
requirements.
By starting this project and with normal working conditions, the average
annual concentration contribution values of regular exhaust gas pollutants can meet
relevant environmental quality requirements. With normal working conditions, the
maximum average annual concentration contribution values of regular exhaust gases
discharged to each and every concerned point meet the standards, and do not affect
the ambient environment that much.
Final environmental protection distances of this project are 400m away from
western boundary, 300m away from eastern and southern boundaries, and 100 away
from fly ash solidification workshop. Within this area, there are no sensitive
protection objectives. Also considering the sanitary protection distance requirements
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for surrounding waste treatment projects, the 800m-radius protection area for
hazardous and waste landfill can include Qizishan Domestic Waste Landfill and
Everbright Domestic Waste Incineration Power Plant, where there are no sensitive
points such as residential communities.
For foul gases after being effectively deodorized, the concentration within
factory boundaries can meet the standards; under the conditions of maintenance and
furnace shutdown, the emission of foul gases after being deodorized will not
significantly affect the environment.
In summary, the exhaust gases emitted by this project hardly affect the ambient
air and will not cause the regression of environmental functions of the land block
where this project is located.
16.6.2 Surface Water Environmental Impact Analysis
A slight amount of leachate will be back sprayed to the furnace, while the
remaining leachate will flow into the corresponding leachate treatment station
together with floor and vehicle wash water. After being deeply treated and meeting
the reclamation water quality standard, it can be reused as the make-up water for
circulation and cooling. After the leachate treatment station taking the measure of
raising standard and reforming by “using the new work to promote the old ones”, the
amount of waste water discharge of the entire factory has been significantly reduced.
Domestic sewage is piped to the sewage treatment plant in new area.
The waster discharged by chemical water treatment system is partially used for
preparing slurry with lime, and partially used for preparing formulas in brick yard.
And the remaining is used to spray on roads and unloading platforms; water
discharged by cooling towers is reused as slag-off cooling water.
After being treated by the sewage treatment plant in new area, water discharged
by this project will hardly affect the surface water environment.
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16.6.3 Acoustic Environmental Impact Analysis
By being added up with the background value, the impact contribution value of
the noises within factory boundaries during the day (forecast point) can meet Class-III
standard under Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary
(GB12348-2008).
16.6.4 Solid Waste Environmental Impact Analysis
All solid wastes generated by this project will be recycled or reused in an
appropriate or comprehensive way. This project will strictly implement solid waste
storage and disposal standards according to relevant national and local rules and
regulations, by doing so, it will not bring adverse impact on the environment.
16.6.5 Underground Water Environmental Impact Analysis
Anti-seepage measures have been taken in areas where possible seepage will
happen, especially waste repository and leachate pond. Therefore, underground water
around the factory will be affected slightly.
16.6.6 Risk Assessment
The maximum credible accidents of this project are set to be accident emission
due to semi-dry flue gas treatment equipment corresponding to incinerators can not
reach normal treatment efficiency, as well as accident emission of offensive odor.
Under abnormal working conditions, the hourly concentration contribution
values of regular exhaust gases PM10, HCI and dioxin emission to the ground are
significantly higher than those under normal working conditions. The hourly
concentration contribution values of regular exhaust gases PM10, HCI and dioxin
emission to the ground plus background values can still meet relevant environmental
quality standards and requirements. Within the assessment area, the maximum hourly
ground concentration contribution values of PM10, HCI and dioxin at each and every
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sensitive point are higher than those under normal working conditions. However, after
being added up with background values, they still can meet relevant environmental
quality standards. Therefore, considering human health under accident conditions, the
impact of dioxin is still acceptable.
During boilers shutdown or maintenance due to accidents, waste storage pits
shall be closed, foul gas shall be treated with activated carbon waste gas purification
and deodorization device and then discharged to the atmosphere. In case of accidents,
the discharge amount of foul pollutants is relatively small, thus it does not affect the
ambient environment that much.
Therefore, by enhancing monitoring, establishing risk prevention measures, as
well as preparing feasible emergency plans, the environmental risks of this project
will be acceptable.
16.7 Emission Control
With the measure of using the new work to improving the old ones, the Phase III
Expansion Work will not contribute to the emission of waste gas pollutants of the
entire factory, and will reduce the discharge amount of waste water pollutants which
will be balanced within current emission as approved.
All industrial and ordinary solid wastes of the entire factory are treated and
disposed in a reasonable manner, so that zero discharge of solid wastes is realized
without applying for emission.
16.8 Public-participated Investigation
Public participation in this project will be conducted in the forms of internet
publicity, newspaper publicity, handing out public-participated questionnaires and
holding public-participated hearings. No feedbacks were received during internet
publicity, and no objections rose during public-participated questionnaires and
hearings. In general, the public support the construction of this project.
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16.9 Final Conclusions on Environmental Assessment
In conclusion, the completion of Phase-III Expansion Work of Everbright
Environmental Protection Domestic Waste Waste-to-Energy Project will be able to
solve the problem of increasing domestic waste in urban Suzhou, as well as the
problems of environmental pollution and land occupation caused by waste landfill.
It’ll be in favor of improving regional environmental quality in general, turning waste
into resources, as well as promoting the development of recycling economy. This
project meets the requirements under national industrial policies; its location meets
the requirements under relative local planning; clean production techniques are
applied during production process; pollution prevention measure applied are
technically and economically feasible; the project can guarantee steady and standard
pollutant emission that the measure of “using new work to improve the old ones” can
reduce pollutant emssion, so that total pollutant discharge amount of the entire factory
will not exceed current emission approved; it’s also estimated that the pollutants
discharged by this work in accordance with the standards will hardly affect the
ambient environment and environmental protection objectives.
Upon carefully fulfilling the requirements for various environmental
protection measures stipulated by this report, and strictly taking the “three
at-the-same-time” environmental protection measures, the construction of this
Project is environmentally feasible.
16.10 Suggestions and Requirements
1 Make sure the environmental protection funds are received and various
pollution treatment measures are taken.
2 No sensitive buildings including residential buildings, schools and
hospitals shall be constructed within sanitary protection area.
3 Enhance communication with the public within the affected area and
strive to obtain the public’s understanding and support.