Municipal Solid Waste Management in Perth01

8/14/2019 Municipal Solid Waste Management in Perth01

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Comparison between Management system and

policies on Domestic Waste Management in

Perth, TheCleanest city in Australia, The 10thcleanest city

in the World 2002 and

Bangkok,

Capital of Thailand


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Introduction Biography of Southern Metropolitan Regional Council

(SMRC) and Clean away Council How waste are managed to be recycled and safe disposed

Current situation and results from the formermanagement

How these results are achieved and what is the potentialgoals

How is the current waste management system in

Thailand and results Possible applications and challenges for application

Conclusion and recommendation


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Biography of Southern Metropolitan Regional Council

(SMRC) and Regional Resource Recovery Center

(RRRC)

Designed for population 375268 from 146080 households covered land area of 656 SqKm limited in Northern and Southern Areas and Boundaries

Recycling 85% by weight of total domestic waste from 7 regions negotiating with

regional councils by surveying with residents Since 1990s


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Waste management and recycling system at that

site

The Bedminster In-Vessel

Composting Facility turns

general household waste

into compost for

agricultural use.

The Materials RecoveryFacility (MRF) separates

materials for reprocessing

by various industries.

The Green WasteProcessing Facility turns

green waste into mulch and

soil conditioners for parks

and road verges


site


site


site


site


site

But Clean Away Council manage material recovery from domestic waste of industries


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How much waste are managed to be recycled and

safe disposed

1.6 2 1.6 21.51

1.23

1.531.59

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

Kg

/capita

/day

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Year

Solid Waste Generation in Perth

In Vessel Composting

For the processing of

Municipal solid waste

(Collected from households

in the green bin)

109,000

tonnes/year

Bio-solids category 1-430,000

tonnes/year

Materials RecoveryFacility

For the processing of co-

mingled Recyclables

(Collected from households

in the yellow lid bin)

30,000

tonnes/year

Green Waste Processing

Facility

(Collected from 3 verge

side collections/year)

30,000

tonnes/year

Total Capacity 199,000tonnes/year

Metal

3%

Glass

7%Other

9%

Plastic

2% Paper

24%

Organic

55%

Waste CompositionWaste CompositionPerth: Year 1996Perth: Year 1996


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1.) Main Stakeholders:

Government:

State government

Regional council,

Local government. Business and industry.

Research institution

Community

2). ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS

Government: State Government:policy, strategy and guidelines. Regional council

(i.e. SMRC and Clean away) regional waste management

strategy,

responsible for waste treatmentand disposal. Local government generally manage the

collection of wastes, collection and transport is

shared with contractors.

Research Institution:The Environmental Technology Centre, education and researchprogram:

production of high quality art paper by recycling waste paper;

composting techniques for organic wastes; wastewater recyclingsystems.

3). ExistingCondition Advanced technology: Compactor

trucks, Incinerators, In-vessel

composting, Materials recovery

facilities. Intensive Capital.

Economic scale.


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Scenario Planning Policy on Waste Management

The way forward:

2005: Manage the impact

2008: Management to prevention 2012: prevention rather than

management 2015: prevention integrated to

activities and action

2020: little/no waste can not berecovered

Avoidance

Avoidance

Management

2005

Impact

2008Prevention

2012Prev = Mng

Management

Avoidance

Management

Avoidance2015

Prev > Mng

recov

2020

Management

Avoidance

Management

The way forward Zero WasteRecycle

Reduce waste by

Performance

management

Landfill


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Strategies on reducing waste and controlling illegal

landfill

Strategic Direction (Currently)

Vision Toward Zero Waste in WA Goal

That all western Australians live in a waste freesociety

Principles Principle 1: Prevention avoid the creation of

waste

Principle 2: Recovery efficiently recover, retreatand reuse all waste, Principle 3: Disposal responsibly manage waste

into the environment

The way forward Strategic framework:

Strategic approach, Measuring success,

Focus areas, Project priorities, Reporting and consultation.

Program Priorities

Strategic Direction (2007)

Vision Regonized natioanlly and

internationally for our excellenceand expertise in wastemanagement.

Providing resource recoverysuccessfully across the region.

Operating in a range of wastemanagement in markets.

Actively exploring alternativetechnologies and investing inresearch and development.

Providing more affordableservices to our users.

Providing sustainable solutionsthrough simultaneousachievement of environmental,economical and social goals.

Achieving our target of 95%reduction of waste fromresidential properties.


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SMRCs Mission 2007

The SMRCs purpose and corebusiness is:

To continue to embrace the RegionalPurpose outlined in the EstablishmentAgreement.

Regional Purpose:

(d) To plan, coordinate and implementthe removal, processing, treatmentand disposal of waste for the benefit

of the communities of the Participants(Local Government members of theRegional Council.)

(e) To influence Local, State and FederalGovernments in the development ofRegional waste management policiesand legislation.

(f) To provide administrative services tothe South West Group.

(g) To prepare, facilitate and implementprogrammes, measures and strategiesfor the reduction of greenhouse gases.

SMRCs role will also focus on:

Utilizing the advantages of economies

of scale to achieve best value for theregion.

Increasing their consultation andeducational role in order to:

- Maximize the use of their service;

- Reduce costs;

- Find out what the community knowsabout waste management.

Building upon our knowledge andexpertise through undertaking researchrole.

Engaging in consultancy or contractingservices on behalf of the region with the

goal of reducing or stabilizing costs andadding value for their memberorganizations.

Throughout all of this, our core business ofsolid waste management will bemaintained.


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Key Success Factors

The key success factors measure how effectively the Council is achieving its vision on ayear-by-year basis. It is SMRCs scoreboard for continuous improvement and

success.

2. Financial

The value of the service outgrows the cost of providing the service;

The approved budget is compiled with;

Extent of revenue growth; Local Government compliance measures are met.

2. Customer

The level of Municipal Council satisfaction:

- Approved budgets are met;

- Accountable and responsible management;

- Member Councils community satisfaction.

Customer base:

- Current member Council membership;

- Regional communities utilization of services is increased;

- Number of commercial customers are increased.


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Strategic goals, Highlights and AchievementsStrategic goals 2003-2004 2007

Environmental Compliance

and innovation

Successfully undertaken risk

management at RRRC

To exceed and set trends/ benchmark

for the best practice in environmental

complianceWaste Management To ensure maximum resource

recovery from residential waste

generated in the region

To 95% recovery

Increasing Community

Awareness

To maximize resource recovery

through a satisfied and aware

community

To maintain and understanding of the

communitys knowledge, attitude and

behavior in waste managementDiversifying Services and

Markets

To capitalize on expertise by

actively seeking opportunities to

diversify services and markets

To develop a regional C & D Waste

Management Strategies, to identify

waste stream not being addressed

Greenhouse Gas Abatement To assist and facilitate in the

reduction of greenhouse gases

within the region

To investigate and develop a plan for

the use of alternative fuels

Business Sustainability To establish and maintain a

sustainable, viable and diverse

financial base for the SMRC

To establish markets for the sale of

recycles and organic materials

Operational Effectiveness

and Excellence

To develop and maintain an

organizational culture of

continuous improvement andexcellence

To develop a formal asset management

systems, quality assurance program, an

information technology plan, strategy toretain intellectual capital and so on


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Current situation and results from the former

management

Reduce waste, reuse, recycle and finally send to

landfill that can reduce landfill sites

Energy, Natural fertilizer and recyclables are the

results of resource recovery

Those resource recovery leads to chemical free

safe food supply to community as organic food

After stabilization, waste goes to safe landfill

Speeded publics awareness and participation on

performance management to waste keep going to

lead targeted goal

10th cleanest city in the World on 2002

Better, Healthier, prettier environment and society

for city dwellers


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How is the current waste management system in

Thailand and results

PoliciesTo reduce the volume of waste it

sends to landfills by 5,000 tonsper day

Renovation of the On-nut andNong Kehm transfer stations

An integrated waste facility at On-nut

A biogas plant at the Nong Khemtransfer station to handle 1,000tons/day of organic waste

But there is no main Policyand Prospective for PlanEnhancement andConservation of NationalEnvironmental Quality forthe Period 1997-2016 bythe Office of NaturalResources and

Environmental policy andplanning

Practical fields

13.8 million tons per year or 37,880tons per day

solid waste increasing rate was 1.7%

10 Million people(October 26,2004)living in Bangkok(megalopolis

concept) Bangkok Metropolitan Authority

(BMA) operates

US$41 million dollars a year on goodsand services for municipal solid waste

management The collection services fromresidential, community and publicareas were inefficient due to thelimitation of fee collection, whichaffected the service development.


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Current Waste Generation and Composition (2002)

0

500,00

0

1,00

0,00

0

1,50

0,00

0

2,00

0,00

0

2,50

0,00

0

3,00

0,00

0

3,50

0,00

0

municipal solid

waste

infectious waste

Industrial

hazardous waste

Industrial non

hazardous waste

Community

hazardous waste

waste amount (tons per Year 2002)

Kitchen Waste Plastic and Foams Paper Glass

51%22%

13%3%

3456000 tons

4473 tons

1418400 tons

139810tons

61880 tons

Waste Generation in Bangkok, 2002

Waste Composition in Bangkok, 2002

Ranges Average

Tambon

Municipality

64-93% 75%

Muang

Municipality

59-100% 86%

Bangkok

Municipality

>99% >99%

Other rural

Province

20-30% 25%

Solid Waste Collection in Municipality


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Remark on Bangkok Waste Collection System and Landfill Sites

Daily waste collecting system without educating Public and Waste

storage tank placing at the corner of streets to reduce waste encourage

public to dispose more wasteLack of enough domestic waste recycling facilities, Incinerators,

public resentment on appropriate landfills and public awareness lead to

landfill shortage and illegal landfills even to Kyauk Phaya river


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Municipal and Industrial

waste recycling and

reuse percentage of total

Waste is still quite low

But the rate of waste

Generation is quite high

that waste management

Facilities are urgently

Needed especially for

Industrial hazardousWaste treated in

Centralized treatment

Facilities which was only

24% of total discharge of

Industrial hazardous

Waste. Hazardous wasteRecycling by industries

Is only 18% of total

waste generated in

Bangkok and vicinity.


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Possible applications

Educating public to extend environmental and health awareness for performancemanagement

Enhancing and encouraging institutions to do research on emergency and effectivedomestic waste management strategy, policy and implementation applicable tocurrent public people behaviors

Setting strict and enforced regulation and policies on illegal landfill of Domesticwaste

Opening markets for waste recycling facilities

Encouraging national and international waste recycling companies and facilities underunder sustainable and strict law and regulations

If, domestic waste recycling facilities can be implemented, those informal waste

pickers can get much safer job opportunities rather than current situation.


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Challenges for application

In 2000, Thailand has about2,265 slums thataccommodate more than 2million people. More than halfof these slums is located inBangkok.

The problem of the urban

environment andcommunities is inefficientmanagement system onpopulation growth, andeconomic growth.

Public resentmenton

appropriate landfill site leadto conflicts between the localcommunity and thegovernment agency.

Problem of operation andmaintenance; especially,budget and manpower

1. Capital sources and labor costs Over THB 22 billion has been invested

in solid waste management

but

more efficientWaste collection could reduce cost Municipalities allocate less than 25 percent

of their budget.

2. Public Economy Private sector involvement is limited.

Revenues are limited to solid wastecollection fees. User fees are not providing adequate

revenues. Bangkok raises fees ten-fold.

3. Governmental governance Multiple Laws

All levels of governments are involved.

17. Technologies and technicians

availability

19. Difficulties on behavior changes

to Public


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Major Findings Waste is not a disgustable

things which reflects our

behaviors that how we

designed to use and how we

end up valuable resources.

Therefore, waste is the output

of our behaviors. That is whywe are responsible to manage

PCD= Pollution Control Department

ONEP= Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and

PlanningDEOP= Department of Energy Development and PromotionDOH= Department of Highways

PAO= Provincial Administrative Organizations

TAO= Tambon Administrative Organization

MoNRE = Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment

MoPH = Ministry of Public Health

MoIND = Ministry of Industry


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Conclusion

SMRC

Very specific targets for every goals andenergetic activities

Corporate governance and bottom-up

management

Searching Competitiveness

Share Visions within and among public and

organization

Clean Away

Focus on Eco-efficiency, cleaner

Production and customers

Biggest waste managementcompany in Western Australia

Bangkok Metropolitan

Authority (BMA) Lack of human resources and on-the-ground

presence in many regions is a major barrier to

effectively fulfilling their national

supervisory and outreach role

Municipalities focus on delivery of core

services Many local governments are beginning to

reach out to the public

Staff skills need strengthening.

National agencies are overwhelmed and

extended

Motivating public responsibilities is urgently

needed


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Recommendation

SMRC and Cleanaway

Joint Venture

corporation

Bangkok Metropolitan

Authority (MBA) To cope with an increase inthe volume of solid waste acombination of supply sideand demand sidemanagement is strongly

recommended, namely, a)adopt the command andcontrol measure to helpsupport the demand sidemanagement, b) encouragesolid waste reduction, c)promote private investment

for solid wastemanagement, and d)encourage behavioralresearch concerning solidwaste management.

Decentralization will increase the

role of local governments andregional and provincial offices

Municipal Solid Waste Management in Perth01

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