Multiple sports combined eventsTHE ANCIENT PENTATHLON •Greeks recognize talented athletes that can...
Transcript of Multiple sports combined eventsTHE ANCIENT PENTATHLON •Greeks recognize talented athletes that can...
MULTIPLE SPORTSCOMBINED EVENTS
Colorado Track & Field Coaches Association
January 27-28, 2017
THE ANCIENT PENTATHLON
• Greeks recognize talented athletes that can compete in
multiple evets.
• 708 BC Lamis wins the first pentathlon at Olympus.
• Events-discus, jump, javelin, run (stade), wrestling
• 3 Divisions-Boys, Youth, Men
• No points awarded, no distances given
MODERN DECATHLON/HEPTATHLON
• Decathlon Day 1-100m, LJ, SP, HJ, 400m
• Day 2 – 110 hh, Discus, PV, Javelin, 1500m
• Heptathlon Day 1 – 100mh, HJ, SP, 200m
• Day 2 – LJ, Javelin, 800m
• Decathlon began in 1911 (two days)
• Heptathlon events began in 1980 (two days)
CHARACTERISTICS OF A CE ATHLETE
• Involvement in multiple sports growing up
• Shows dominance in type II muscle fiber
• Possesses natural speed/power
• Shows balance and coordination
• Has ability to focus and concentrate
• Enjoys new challenges
• Is not injury prone
• Somatotype? Don’t count them out!
YEAR-ROUND TRAINING
• Components
• 1. The Warm-up
• 2 The Bio-motor abilities
• Strength and Power
• Speed
• Endurance: Aerobic and Anaerobic
• Flexibility and Mobility
• Balance
• Coordination
• Relaxation
• 3. Psycho-sociological
factors
• 4. Technical components
• 5. Event Strategy
• 6. Warm-down
• 7. Restoration and
Regeneration
DETERMINE YOUR SYSTEM
• Training Unit – A singular component
• Training Session several sessions
• Microcycle – Could be 7-14 days or variable
• Mesocycle – a set of microcycles, could be 4 weeks
• Phase – a set of mesocycles, Fall, Winter, Spring, Summer
• Macrocycle – An Annual Cycle
• Megacycle – Quadrenium, the Olympic Cycle
7 DAY MICROCYCLE
• Sunday – Active Rest
• Monday – Shot, Specific Strength, Hurdles
• Tuesday – Javelin Tech, Short approach, Extensive Tempo
• Wednesday – Active Rest
• Thursday – LJ Approach, Max Velocity Development
• Friday – Hurdles, Shot, or Jump Run
• Saturday – Technical insufficiencies, Plyos or Jump Training
14 DAY MICROCYCLE
• Sunday – Active Rest Active Rest
• Monday – Shot/Discus JT/HJ
• Tuesday – 30m flys/LJ 110s/PV
• Wednesday – JT/HJ Shot/Discus
• Thursday – 110h/PV 100m starts/LJ
• Friday – Specific Technique Specific Technique
• Saturday – Competition Competition
PHASES
• Rest Period – Off season but active, Time ratio of 1
• High Volume Training, Time ratio of 3
• Early Competitive, Build Up, Time ratio of 2
• Highly Competitive, Optimum performance, Time ratio of 1
5 MONTH BREAKDOWN
• 3 Weeks – low volume/intensity, social psyc
• 5 Weeks – high volume medium intensity, low social psyc
• 2 Weeks – optimum performance, high intensity and social-psyc
low volume
• 5 Weeks – high volume, medium intensity, low social-psyc
• 2 Weeks – optimum performance, high intensity and social-psyc,
low volume
PHASE BREAKDOWN
• Include description of where you are in relation to the
competition your athlete wants most.
• Identify your intensity and volume according to the phase
• Include these phases in all your mesocycles
• Record and monitor performance and testing and be
prepared to change when things go south.
BREAK TRAINING INTO FOURS
• Four years between Olympiads
• Four years of college
• Four years of high school
• Four three-month periods in a year
• Four weeks in a month
• Hopefully four decent days a week to train
• Four events allowed in a high school meet
CHASING THE POINTS
• Many athletes become good at the combined events as a result of
training to add points to a high school or collegiate team score.
• In some cases these athletes could be state or national class in
one or more events.
• In Colorado the loss of relay meets has taken a toll on discovering
CE talent.
• Most HS team coaches have, more often than not, utilized CE
training and competing methodology
TIME/INDIVIDUAL
• To optimize performance it is necessary to design training
programs that include a periodized plan, event priorities and
flexibility.
• The individual must become the most important factor, not
the team.
• Training to be a specialist in each event is not feasible. Time
and injury will always be limiting factors.
SPECIFICITY OF TRAINING
• Training sessions that are precise and explicit to the action
desired.
• Sessions of training that expressly develop the required
demands of the event.
COMPATIBILITY
• Units of training that work together in a harmonious manner.
• Units of training that can be mixed without interfering with another unit’s
action.
• Units that are working congruent with each other and can be bonded
together with greater effect.
• Speed development runs and exercises with explosive dynamic strength
development (short jumps)
• Speed development runs with movement development, (starts, specific sprint drills)
NON-COMPATIBLE
• Speed development with any type of endurance runs over
800m
• Speed development with strength endurance exercises
• Strength development (maximal) with endurance runs
• Development of coordination with (maximal) strength
development exercises
COMPLEMENTARY
• Units of training that can act mutually to make up deficiencies and
enhance performance
• Units that can be combined together to create a sequence of action to
complete a skill
• Penultimate, LJ, HJ, 90 degree sole top shin
• Leaning mechanisms Javelin, HJ
• Sprint technique drills – 100m, 110h, 100h, 200m
• Motor acquisition as part of the warm-up
• Take-off rhythm – LJ, HJ, JT, 110h, 100h, PV
COMMONALITY
• Units of training that share similar biomechanical properties
of activity
• Special exercises that simulate actions that can be
transferred into technique
• Units of training that have comparatively equal demands on
the system
• Speed endurance - 6 x 100 @ 95-100% with 1 minute rest
TRANSFERENCE
• The body’s ability to accept other training units and use the
qualities developed to blend into technique
• Units that convey a property of training from one action to
another
• Sprint drills – 100m, 200m, 400m, hurdles, LJ
• Power Throws – shot, discus, javelin
• Dynamic flexibility drills – all events
MULTI-SPORT ATHLETES
• Most combined event athletes also excel in other sports
• Many of these sports have commonalities with the track and
field events
• Training units may enhance specific components that will be
beneficial during track season
• Think back to the bio-motor training components of speed, power,
endurance etc.
NEW INJURY STUDY U.W.
• Multi-sport athletes = less injury
• NFHS release injury 2 x more likely
• Specialized 60% more injuries
• Soccer highest specialization
• Dr. Timothy McGuine 2015-16
ATHLETES PERSPECTIVE
• Chad Ochocinco “my grandmother made me play every sport
available”
• Aaron Rogers “its about the competition, I wanted to be in a
premier position having a direct impact on the game” Point
guard, pitcher, forward/goalie
• Calais Campbell (Denver South) “I developed my quickness from
basketball, leverage and momentum from wrestling, hip thrust
and running from track”
OUR CURRENT ATHLETES
• All CE athletes benefit from other sports participation
• Standard sports to skimboard and roller hockey
• Basketball layup and lateral movement
• Conditioning
• Swing the bat
COACHES PERSPECTIVE
• Touch each event 2 x week
• Speed and power in other sports
• Adaptability
• General to specific
• Specialization and collapse
• Career development
• Urban Meyer 42/47 recruits 2016 at least 2 sports
NFL
• 2016 90% of draft picks played multiple sports in high school
• Track and Field 58.5%
• Basketball 45.1%
• Baseball 11.1%
MULTI-SPORTS
• Determine which components are being utilized in the various
sports your athletes are participating in and approximate volume
and intensity.
• If you are fortunate enough to work with an athlete during another
season, don’t duplicate workouts.
• These athletes show up the first day of practice in a semi-trained
state.
• Utilize testing to establish baseline component values.
2016 THORPE CUP
EVALUATE
• Watch a different sport in which your athlete participates,
practice or game, break down the commonalities to track and
field.
• Count the number of jumps performed in basketball/volleyball
(plyometrics)
• What, if any, is their weight room routine?
• Are there common drills or warm-up techniques?
• What is the health history of the athlete during other seasons?
CROSS TRAINING
• As mentioned, many components may have been incorporated into
training for other sports.
• Volleyball: speed, agility, coordination, power (plyos), flexibility, quickness,
balance, penultimate step
• Football: strength, power, anaerobic capacity, speed, quickness, coordination,
flexibility, balance
• Basketball: speed, anaerobic capacity, power (plyos), quickness, penultimate
step, balance, coordination
• Cheers/Poms: power (plyos), strength, flexibility, balance, coordination
• Swimming: power, strength, anaerobic/aerobic capacity, flexibility
INCLUSION THOUGHTS
• Talk with coaches about setting up a comprehensive training
program for all out-of-season athletes
• Test the athletes every 2-3 weeks for a variety of components and
record. Note improvements and digressions.
• Share the results with coaches and athletes.
• Encourage non-spring athletes to continue training while out for
track.
GOAL
• The combined events need to be viewed as one event and not 10
or 7 separate events.
• At the end of the competition it is not the singular event scores
but rather the addition of all the points that brings us to our
success against the tables.
• Even though competing against individuals is important, chasing
the points is the real goal and your position of finish in each event
is irrelevant.
MENTAL ASPECTS
• The physical challenge of the combined events is enormous
but the mental challenge may be the greater of the two.
• Sports psychology is all about learning to “think right in
sport”. Our thoughts and emotions have a direct impact on
our performance.
• Each individual must learn how to take control of thoughts
and emotions.
TAKING CONTROL
• Emotional Control: Combined event athletes must practice and develop
great skill in maintaining their composure, regardless of the situation or
challenge.
• Attentional Control: Being able to control the focus of our attention is more
commonly known as concentration. Ones ability to concentrate on the skill or
strategy for the next successful performance.
• Arousal Control: Physical and emotional changes with events. Identify what
levels work best for each event and be prepared to go on the roller coaster of
ups and downs.
TRANSITIONAL CONTROL
• An application of emotional, attentional, and arousal control.
• Changing physical, psycho, emotional demands
• 30 minutes minimum between events
• Budgeting time, clothing, resting and prep
• Shifting thoughts to next event
• Leaving behind celebration of last event
• Events can’t control transition time, the athlete must control this
• Think of the transition as an 11th or 8th event and train for it
THE ROUTINE BETWEEN
• Process – leaving behind the past
• Calm – creating a new peace
• Strategy – review the plan
• Psycho-motor – key technical cues, triggers
• Psycho-emotional – “thinking right”
THINKING RIGHT
• Arousal – where should it be?
• Could change with each event
• Attention – what am I focused on?
• Listening for cues
• Affirmation – trust yourself!
• Have been there before
• Activation – DO IT!!
TRANSITION• Immediate post-event process (5-8 minutes)
• Process, close last event, cry or celebrate
• Beginning Transition –Calm (5-7 minutes)
• Quiet time, be free, relax
• Readying for next event – psycho-motor/psycho-emotional (15-20 minutes)
• Strategic, focus on next event, warm up, build arousal review strategy and cues
• Transition Complete
DAY 1 COMPLETE
• Have a routine in place
• Warm down
• Process the day
• Calm time and relaxation
• Good sleep
• Nutrition next morning
• Begin to refocus
QUALITY CONTROL
• One coach vs several
• Consider the two day experience to be a singular event
• One person must be dedicated to the overall experience
• Input from other coaches can be helpful but also detrimental
• Stick to the plan but plan for deviation
TIME FACTOR
• Determine training emphasis of each event
• Work on strong events? How strong are they?
• Work on weak events?
• Maintain strong events while working on weak ones?
• Improve all event?
POINTS
• Average event scores of top 100 decathlons.
• 100m (915)
• LJ (970)
• Shot (815)
• HJ (860)
• 400m (900)
• 110hh (950)
• Discus (805)
• PV (900)
• Javelin (803)
• 1500m (715)
HEPTATHLON EVENT RANK
• 1 100m hurdles
• 2 high jump
• 3 long jump
• 4 200m
• 5 800m
• 6 shot put
• 7 javelin
WORLD RANK 2016
• Decathlon
• 1 Eaton (88)
8893
• 9 Taiwo (90)
8425
• 7 Ziemek (93)
8413
• 17 Scantling (93)
8228
• 29 D Williams (94)
8016
• Heptathlon
• 11 Nwaba (89)
6500
• 19 Miller-Koch (87)
6423
• 13 K Williams (95)
6402
• 24 Day-Monroe (85)
6385
• 20 McMillan (90)
6326
WE ATE WELL THE LAST 4 YEARS
TOP TEN WORLD AVERAGE
• Decathlon
• 8537 pts
• 854 pts average/event
• 7607 pts 2015 Juniors
• 761 pts average/event
• 11.46, 22’2”, 47’8”, 6’5”, 51.19,
15.75, 146’8”, 14’9”, 201’9”,
4:27.58=7607
• Heptathlon
• 6563 pts
• 937 pts average/event
• 5717 pts 2015 Juniors
• 817 pts average/event
• 15.19, 5’6”, 47’, 25.78, 19’4”, 156’8”,
2:20.51 = 5717
TOP US 2016 JUNIORS
• Decathlon
• Wagner 7532
• Siporen 6993
• Friis 6975
• Agyemang 6616
• Zandes 6486
• Average 6920 pts 692 pts/event
• 2017 World Championship standard
7090 pts
• Heptathlon
• Fitzgerald 5451
• Lopes 5171
• Wigham 5151
• Lanovas 5106
• Felix 5070
• Average 5189 pts 741 pts/event
• 2017 World Championship standard
5250
COMPETITIONS
• High School
• Sam Adams Invite, National Scholastic Pentathlon, Mt. SAC, Great Southwest, National
Scholastic, Golden West, Arcadia, USATF CO, Nationals, Juniors, Texas Greatest, Capital
Cup (Canada)
• Collegiate
• Most large relay invites, Indoor Nationals, All Conference Champs, Regionals, Nationals,
Pan Am Cup, Thorpe Cup
• Post Collegiate
• USATF Indoors, most large relay meets, Sam Adams, Mt. SAC, OTC Chula Vista, Texas
Greatest, Pan Am Cup, Nationals, Thorpe Cup
FINISHING WHAT YOU START
THANKS TO:
• Dr. Frank Zarnowski “The Pentathlon of the Ancient World”
• Dr. Rick Mcguire and Cliff Rovelto “ Transitional Control in the Combined Events”
• Dr. Lyle Knudson “ Track and Field Training”
• All of the Combined Events Athletes and Their Coaches
CONGRATULATIONS AND CARRY ON
2016 PAN AMERICAN CUP CHAMPIONS