Multicultural Marketing Infographic Important Multicultural Holidays
Multicultural Networks
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Transcript of Multicultural Networks
Multicultural Networks
Effective Communication in a Global Environment
What is cultureObservable behaviour
Values and assumptions
Layers of culture
Language, food, dress religion, buildings,
fashion, art
Right or wrong
Good or Bad
Assumptions about existence
Cultural differencesType of Culture
How we relate to people
How we relate to time
Relationship with people
Individualism Communitarian
Neutral EmotionalUniversalism
ParticularismAchievement Ascription
Universalist• Rules, regulations and procedures
very important• Agreement is usually supported by
legal contract• There is the law, and that is that• A person’s trustworthiness is based
on honouring their word or contract
Particularist
• Relationships more important than rules
• Legal contracts and be easily modified• The law is relative• A person’s trustworthiness is based on
whether they respond to changing circumstances
High-Context Cultures• Indirect and circuitous forms of
relating
• Tactful, evasive and ambiguous
• Operates through personal relationships and trust
• Negotiations slow and ritualistic
Low Context cultures• Direct and to the point
• Precise, blunt and transparent
• Operates through legalistic framework
• Negotiation as structured as possible
Low context
High Context
Individuals• Use of the “I” form in communication• Instant decision making by
representatives• Achievement is personal• Individual assumes responsibility for
actions• Holidays taken in pairs or sometimes
alone
Communitarians
• Use of the “we” form• Decisions referred back by delegates
to organisations• Achievement is group based and
joint responsibility is assumed for actions
IndividualismEncourageindividual freedom andresponsibilityHowever…..
We don’t want to degenerateInto self-centredness, so we Must……
Communitarianism
Encourage individuals toWork for consensus in the interestOf the group although……
We need to avoidConformism and slowDecision making, so we must….
Verbal communicationLow-Context A
BHigh-Context A
BOriental A
B
Tone of voiceLow-Context
High-Context
Oriental
Neutral Cultures
• Hide emotions• Cool and controlled behaviour is
admired• Physical contact and strong
expression of body language is taboo• Emotions that are controlled may
sometimes explode
Affective Cultures
• Thoughts and feelings are expressed verbally and non-verbally
• Expression of disagreement is uninhibited
• Lively discussion with lots of emotion admired
• Frequent physical contact and open expression of body language permissible
Achievement • Titles are only used when relevant• Respect for hierarchy is based on
effectiveness and ability of jobholder• Senior managers may be of varying
age and gender• Senior managers hold their position
based on competence and qualifications
Ascription
• Titles used extensively to indicate status in organisation
• Respect for hierarchy is required to demonstrate commitment to the organisation
• Senior managers are usually male, middle-aged and qualified by background, formal qualifications and connections
Time
Sequentially
Synchronically
ResolutionRespect
ToleranceUnderstanding
Cooperation