Muhammad Proclaims a New Faith Islam Internet: xpsnds&ei=UTF-8&hspart=mozilla&hsimp=yhs-001.
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Transcript of Muhammad Proclaims a New Faith Islam Internet: xpsnds&ei=UTF-8&hspart=mozilla&hsimp=yhs-001.
![Page 1: Muhammad Proclaims a New Faith Islam Internet: xpsnds&ei=UTF-8&hspart=mozilla&hsimp=yhs-001.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062721/56649f215503460f94c3978a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Muhammad Proclaimsa New Faith Islam
Internet:https://search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?
p=powerpoint+about+Islam+Expsnds&ei=UTF-8&hspart=mozilla&hsimp=yhs-001
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Muhammad Proclaimsa New Faith
A brilliant and militant new civilization rises out of the Arabian desert
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Triumphant return
• 630 CE: Muhammad and his “Muslim” followers enter Mecca – after their 8 year exile in
Yathrib• aka Medina
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Key words
• Islam• Muslim (Moslem)• Prophet• Quran (Koran)• Mecca• Medina (Yathrib)• Pillars of Islam• Hijrah (Hegira)• Kaaba (ka’ba, etc.)• caliph
• jihad– Greater– Lesser
• Sunni• Shi’ite• Umayyad
– Damascus
• Abbasid– Baghdad
• Sharia
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Holy city
• Right: Mecca– as it would have
appeared around the time of his birth (below)
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Mecca (cont.)
• Note the ka’aba in the background– at the center of the city
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First marriage
• c. 595• Khadijah
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Divine intervention
• c. 610• Muhammad and the
angel Gabriel
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The Hegira
• Flight to Yathrib– 16 July 622 (Year One)
• Note that Muhammad’s head is covered….
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The first Muslims
• Early followers of the Prophet pondering his words at Yathrib – aka Medina
• Muhammad gave daily recitations of the messages he believed came from Allah– which his followers
faithfully recorded
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The Book of Books
• The Qur’an– 114 chapters (suras)
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An intense monotheism
• Right: the Quranic script representing the one God
• “There is one God, and Muhammad is his prophet.”
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Daily prayer
• Islam’s “Second Pillar”
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Military leader
• The Muslim army is here seen advancing toward battle with the Meccans at Badr (624)
• Other battles– Mount Uhud– Battle of the Ditch
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Jihad
• A very powerful concept
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Return to Mecca
• What policies did Muhammad adopt that allowed him to gain the general support of the people of the city?– including the leading merchant
families
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Dome of the Rock
• Muhammad is believed to have risen to heaven from this spot
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Successors
• Muhammad and the “rightly guided Khalifas (caliphs)– Abu Bakr– Omar (Umar)– Uthman– Ali
• Sunni and Shi’i
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Muhammad’s Arabia
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The Islamic Empire
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Thank you• And May God Bless you.