MUGHAL GARDENS

Chitrakshi KumarAnupama Kulkarni

Vineetha NallaMeghna Mohandas

Asha RamanSandeep Verma

GROUP MEMBERS

RAM BAGH

• the oldest Mughal charbagh (four-quartered garden) in Agra, built by the Babur during the early 16th century.

• also called Bagh-gul-Afshan (light scattering garden) and Aalsi Bagh (lazy garden)

Bagh-I-Gul-Afshan (The flower Scattering garden)Bagh-I-Nur-Afshan (The light scattering garden)Or Ram bagh (1526-30, 1615-19 A.D.)

• The garden is divided into 36 squares by a grid of water channels and paths.

• The square garden is surrounded by a high rubble wall divided initially into four large squares separated by causeways and channels,

• each square divided again into smaller squares by pathways creating a char bagh.

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Humayun's TombCOMSSIONED BY BEGA BEGUM IN 1569-1570 designed by Mirak Mirza Ghiyath

Terraced gardens of Kashmir

Adapted from Persian gardens but with an axial water channel & terraces

Shalimar bagh1619 by jehangir completed in 1630 by shah jahan

Terraced garden withThree terraces

The three terraces have 3 pavilions each

• Diwan-I-aam• Diwan-i-khaas• Zenana section

Connected to the dal lake with a canal

The canal measures 6 meters acrossAdorned with chinar trees (Platanus orientalis)

Nishat bagh1633 by Asif Khan (shah jahan)

Directly fronts the dal lake, earlier the approach used to be from the lake.

Built in the east-west direction.

Terraced garden with 12 terraces symbolic of the zodiac

RED FORT

Hayat-Bakhsh Garden - ‘life-bestowing garden”

SAWAN PAVILLION

• divided into squares on the pattern of Mughal gardens with causeways and channels between them

BHADON PAVILLION

• This garden is intersected by two channels of water to north of the fort

laid out by Shahjahan when he built the fort in 1639-48

•Two pavilions called Savon and Bhadon stand at either end of the north-south channel.

Nahr-i-Behisht

• The apartments consist of a row of pavilions that sits on a raised platform along the eastern edge of the fort, looking out onto the river Yamuna.

•The pavilions are connected by a continuous waterchannel, known as the Nahr-i-Behisht, or the"Stream of Paradise", that runs through the centre of each pavilion.

• SHAH BURJ AT NORTH-EASTERN CORNER OF THE GARDEN AND AZAD BURJ ON THE SOUTH-EASTERN CORNER OF THE FORT

•Built by shah jahan

•According to the holy Koran, a garden is symbolic of paradise

•Garden divided into 4 parts(importance of number 4 in Islam)

•Further divided into 16 sections

•Trees of Taj garden are either that of Cyprus (signifying death) or of the fruit bearing type (signifying life) .arranged in a symmetrical pattern

•garden conjures up the Islamic concept of heaven where rivers of water, milk, wine and honey flow

The gardens of Taj Mahal

•Water in the canals was drawn from the river using purs, a system of drawing water physically from river using bucket and ropes.

• For irrigation the water from the overflowing canals was used

•The tank has been arranged to provide a crystal clear view of Taj in its water

•Out of total area of 580 meter by 300 meter of the Taj complex, gardens alone cover an area of 300 meter by 300 meter distance and are based on geometric arrangements of nature

•a copper pot was provided under each fountain head: water filled the pots ensuring an equal pressure to each fountain

Shalimar Garden , Lahore1642 under shah jahan

An adaptation of the chahar bagh concept and the shalimar bagh in Srinagar.

A three terraced garden with resting and meeting pavilions and also a royal bath.

There are 410 fountains in the garden and five water cascades.

Planted with fruit trees and other odiferous plants.

adaptations

Rashtrapati bhavan-mughal gardens

20th century By Sir Edwin Lutyens

A terraced chahar bagh with two north-south & east-west water channels with Fountains at crossings.

There is a butterfly garden about the circular pool and there also is a rose garden.

The garden is home to lot of annual & evergreen plant species.

Ismaili centre, london

Chahar bagh concept applied on a smaller scale.

Completed in 1985 by Architects Casson Conder Partnership.

Aga Khan Museum,toronto

To be completed this year (2013)Landscape architect: Vladimir Djurovic

Chahar bagh adapted in a modern Style.

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