MSc and FYP Presentation Slides_notes

8/11/2019 MSc and FYP Presentation Slides_notes

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How to Write a Proposal?

Dr. Nor Muzlifah Mahyuddin


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When to Start Writing?

Start as early as possible !

Write all chapters as youwork along...


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Proposal Writing


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Sequence

of

Proposal

Presentation

INTRODUCTION

LITERATURE REVIEW

METHODOLOGY (H/W &S/W)

GANTT CHART/MILESTONE

EXPECTED

OUTCOME/CONTRIBUTIONS

ABSTRACT/ PROJECT

SUMMARY


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Writing Process for Proposal

1. Literature Review describes previous related works &subjects

2. References

whenever required3. Methodology hardware

4. Methodology software

5. Expected Outcomes/Contributions/Conclusions

6. Introduction briefly introduces the title & areas background

7. Abstract/Project Summary summarizes theproposal/work

Limitation is required


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Proposal Writing


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Abstract/ Project Summary

Summarizes the entire contents i.e., describing the work done.

Write concisely and clearly about:

what your project title related to

why is your project important and worth working on

what are the existing problems related to your project areas

how you go about doing the work to solve the problem

what are the results you obtained, and

what can you conclude from the findings i.e., how yourresearch could contribute to the society, industry or country


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Abstract/ Project Summary

Write the summary using consistent tensethroughout, i.e. present, present participle or

past. Do not mix tenses.

In writing, link each item so that there is a

smooth transition and flow.

Must not be longer than 2 pages


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Proposal Writing


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Introduction

Introduction aims to:

1. Introduce the background of research areas involved in your workscope, focusing on specific/narrow subjects.

2. Explain the motivations or importance of the work. This may include itsusage and impact towards society, industry, economy, and country.

3. Explain the current problems of the subject area; conceptually ortheoretically.

4. List your objectives in solving the mentioned problems.

5. List the scope of your work if it involves a broad scope optional

6. List the requirements; user or device requirements optional


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Background

Introduce the research area generally and then

specifically.

The flow of background must be written in such away so that it later flows into explanation of

motivation and importance of the research

project.


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Explains the importance of theproject area so that the readers(particularly the examiners) feel that

they want to read or they have toread your thesis.

Must demonstrate why a projectwork is worth doing.

Can also explain and highlightwhat are the gaps in the areathat is important to be filled.

Project Motivation


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Problem Statements

From motivation, briefly explain

about the existing/current relatedworks which you would like to

highlight their problems.

Due to the problems, your research

objectives will be the next step with

the aim of addressing the problems.


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Objectives

It is wise to start your objective sentence with To.

Do not write objectives in paragraphs. Instead, list out your

objectives. Use result oriented (i.e., measureable) wordings such as:

To define the theoretical formulation for..

To develop a communication system

Objectives should be specific, well defined and must relateto the solution of the problems mentioned.

Although more than one objectives, all of them must berelated to one scope of research


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Project Scope

This is optional.

It describes the boundaries of a wide-scope project.

For example a project that: involves setting optimum values of many (i.e., more than 20)

parameters, so you are only focusing on finding the optimumvalues of 10 parameters only, whilst the other values arerandomly chosen or fixed.

requires testing a proposed system within 10km range in aremote area. Due to constraints, you are testing only within1km range around the campus.


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Proposal Writing


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Progress story related to the subject area that you are working on.

Written with the aims of:

Providing background about similar work - highlighting

advantages & disadvantages (problems) of previous works

Providing background on related subject areas discuss relatedtechniques only

Hence, in writing literature review, you need to ask yourself,Has similar study has been done before?.

Literature Review


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Discussion of previous works in chronological (time) order.

Literature Review

WHO?


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Literature Review

Literature search should be done by searching for info and facts fromany of the following source of references:

Journals in the area of research

Conference paper

Edited book/article in an edited book

Magazine article

Thesis/Report/Review

Websites

The above is in order of decreasing priority.

Each time a study is described, cite reference(s). This is done to givecredit to the researchers.

Reference citation is also needed for figures/pictures or tables takenfrom any source of reference. This is done to avoid plagiarism.


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Literature Review

Citation involves author names and year only, all in brackets.Different styles of author naming depends on the number ofauthors; one (author, year), two (author1 and author2, year) ormore than two (author1 et al., year).

If more than one reference for the same fact or info, use ; toseparate each one.

Optical tomography is suitable when.high-resolution images are required

(Jackson, 1995), but this tomographic technique is costly due to its large

equipment. The high-resolution X-ray technique (Miller and Linn, 1995) is not

suitable for real-time applications because it is slow...The ray tomographic technique is faster

and can be ...applications (Johansen et al., 1995; Gladden, 1994).


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Reporting verbs are used to introduce quotations in academic writing

Reporting verbs When do we quote?

1 X suggests that .

In 2010, X commented that .According to X, ..

Research in 2012 showed that .

To introduce a point or view point

2 Therefore X concludes: . To conclude a discussion, analysis,

etc.

3 X explains it as follows A recent study by X shows that

To explain a point, item, etc.

4 As X observed/suggested/

indicated/noted/pointed out

To support an argument or point

of view

5 For example, X argued that .

Thus, for example

To exemplify a point being made

Literature Review

MSc and FYP Presentation Slides_notes

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