Ancient Egypt: The Three Kingdoms

Ms. Berry Social Studies

6th Grade

If you had to divide up our American history into parts so it would be easier to remember, how would you do it?

You may discuss with your group.

Warm Up:

Old Kingdom

Middle Kingdom

New Kingdom

Three Kingdoms

Also known as the Age of Pyramids 2625 B.C. to 2130 B.C. Believed that after death they went to live

with Amon-Re.

“A staircase to heaven is laid out for him(the pharaoh) so that he may climb to heaven.”

Old Kingdom

First built step pyramids 2600 B.C. made pyramids with slanting

sides Built for Pharaoh Khufu He wanted the largest pyramid ever built for

his tomb

The Great Pyramids of Giza

Craft-Workers had very important jobs Builders, stonecutters, carpenters and

artists all took part in tombs and temples Worked for 10 days and had 1 day of rest

Life in Ancient Egypt

Women wore long dresses of linen Men wore short knee-length skirts Jewelry and make-up and wigs were worn by

wealthy

Men and Women

Usually in charge of the household Did not have positions in the government Some were Priestesses Many were weavers; could earn a lot of

money Allowed to own property and had full legal

rights

Women’s Rights

Seen as gifts from god Often seen in artworks playing games such

as leapfrog, tug of war, and wrestling Education started at an early age Boys learned a trade from their father Girls learned weaving and how to care for

household from their mother Upper class children were only ones that

learned writing, math, and reading.

Children of Egypt

What role did women have in Ancient Egypt?

How did it compare to other cultures we have learned about?

What about learning for children? How does it compare to other cultures?

Focus Question?

1980 B.C. to 1630 B.C. Prior to this there was chaos and civil war. Dynasty 12 is high point of this time period Ruler was Pharaoh Amenemhet Expanded on trade such as gold, ivory,

spices, cedar, and pine wood Distinct social classes were established

The Middle Kingdom

1st- Pharaoh-thought to be a god 2nd- Nobles and Priests- owned land and

controlled temples 3rd- Craftworkers, Merchants, Scribes 4th- Farmers- built during Inundation

(flooding) 5th- Slaves- usually prisoners of war; able to

earn freedom

Social Classes

Pharaoh Sesostris III Reorganized the government Created a bureaucracy- a network of

appointed government officials These new governors reported to the

Pharaoh’s vizier- advisor to pharaoh This gave the Pharaoh greater control of the

government

Changes in Government

100 years Egypt was controlled by Hyksos Introduced new weapons to Egypt Horse drawn chariot and composite bow

Period of Conflict

How did the government change during the Middle Kingdom?

Warm up:

Story of the Egyptian Gods https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=c6FcCeGM2-c

Let’s share what you learned.

Research on Gods

Pharaoh Ahmose of Dynasty 18 defeated the Hyksos

1520 B.C. to 30 B.C. Egypt had it’s first full time army Protected Egypt and conquered lands Borders were expanded as far as the

Euphrates River by Pharaoh Thutmose and his son Thutmose II

The New Kingdom

Wife of Pharaoh Thutmose II Only woman in Egypt to take all titles of

Pharaoh She ruled from 1479 to 1458 She dressed as a Pharaoh and even wore a false beard Her son, Thutmose III, had many of her statues destroyed after he came to power https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sE9E9jATRM

Queen Hatshepsut

Sent trading expeditions south into Punt (modern day Ethiopia), expanding trade routes

Sent armies into Nubia and Southwestern Asia; conquering farther lands than any other ruler before her

Hatshepsut’s Accomplishments

Pharaoh that followed Hatshepsut Her stepson He destroyed all of her statues and wall

paintings

Thutmose III

No longer built pyramids Mummies were now placed in the caves of

the Valley of the Kings

Changes in Buildings and Burials

1353 BC Amenhotep IV came to power Wife was Nefertiti Focused on worship of one god-

monotheism So devoted that he changed his name to

Akenaton meaning servant of the sun god Aton

Ordered that everyone follow the one god Destroy other gods and temples

Change in Religion

9 year old boy Advisors forced him to restore polytheism Died at age 18 Tomb was discovered completely untouched

in 1922 by British archeologist Howard Carter

Took 10 years to remove all the artifacts- 3,500 pieces

Curse of King Tut https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Xv8dCIWi6w

King Tutankhamen

730 B.C. – Nubians took control of Egypt for 50 years

Assyrians defeated the Nubians 664 B.C.- Assyrians ruled Egypt for 100

years 332 B.C.- Alexander the Great made Egypt

part of his Greek empire 30 B.C.- Romans took control 395 A.D.- Egyptians began to adopt

Christian beliefs

Egypt Under the Rule of Others