MRV designed for NAMAs in Waste Sector in Vietnam

Presented by: Anh Tien Do, Ph.D.

Vietnam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment

Municipal Solid Waste in Vietnam

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2007 2008 2009 2010U

rba

n S

oli

d W

ast

e(t

on

/d

ay

)

Year

Urban Solid waste (ton/day)

18％

16％ 8％

{Source: MONRE (2011) National Environmental Report 2011: Solid Waste, p. 16}

ENERGY

INDUSTRIALPROCESSES

AGRICULTURE

WASTEAgri.

39%

Agricult

ure

39%

Energy

50%

IP

7%

4

%

GHG emissions in Vietnam (2010)

83+ managed landfills + Open dumping sites

Able to collect 70% of total MSW

Municipal Solid Waste in Vietnam

3.2 million tons solid waste/year in urban areas in Vietnam

• Opening/closing of landfill sites: Almost 90% of landfill sites have been built within 20 years; many of the sites just closed or will be closing very soon.

• Disposal completion rate: Over 50% of landfills are filled more than 80%.

• Landfill type: Over 80% of landfills are managed.

• Population/waste volume: Over 80% of URENCOs cover less than 400,000 people, and about 60% of URENCOs collect less than 50,000 ton of waste per year.

• Waste composition: Average composition of highly organic waste is 72.6%.

• Collection fee: URENCOs collect on average 14,100 VND/month/household ( 70 US cent) as the waste collection fee.

Municipal Solid Waste in Vietnam

Period: July 2012 – February 2014

Implementing agencies:

Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Environment (Coordination unit);

Vietnam Environmental Agency (VEA);

International Cooperation Department (ICD);

Department of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change (DMHCC)

Overall objective: to enhance the capacity of Viet Nam in the preparation, proposing and implementation of NAMAs in waste sector in order to attract the international aids through the carbon market and other assistance mechanisms

Vietnam-Japan Capacity-building Cooperation and Joint Study Project for NAMA in waste sector in a MRV manner

(sponsored by MOEJ)

• NAMAs concept is relatively new

• MONRE is a national focal for NAMAs in Vietnam

• Not yet a NAMAs/MRV framework - no legal documents for NAMAs/MRV

• Information for NAMAs/MRV is not yet popular

NAMAs/MRV in Vietnam

7

Secretariat of the

Committee

NAMA committee (verification at macro level)

Ministries, Province and institutions in charge

Ministry Ministry MONRE Ministry Ministry Province

Implementation and verification at micro level* (ER from individual projects)

Verification varies by different financial schemes

Non-market

Regular monitoring and data collection procedure (such as that of energy regulatory committee’s)

JCM/BOCM

JCM meth, third party verification

CDM CDM meth, monitoring, DOE verification

Possible Verification at macro level

• Assessment of Plan • Verification of the progress report • Review of aggregated GHG emission

reduction • Assessment of challenges and further

needs(PDCA cycle) • Submission and Report to UNFCCC

* For a policy measures not as a project-based(such as taxation policy, etc) may be MRV-ed at the macro level but still need to have some ways for QA/QC of collected data within its programme.

Project level MRV

Sector level MRV

National /Sub-national level MRV

Report

Verify

MRV for describing Macro-level review of policy action implementation

Verification

MRV * Guidelines on methodologies have not been agreed upon by the UN

Project Design (Ex Ante GHG calculation)

Project complete (Ex post GHG calculation)

Emission Reduction Activity (Monitoring GHG )

MRV at Activity level (Project or entity level)

BAU Scenarios

Scenario 1 Scenario 2

Growth Rate of MSW

10% (Based on the National Envi. Report 2011)

3.27% (based on estimated future growth in population and GDP)

Cal. Method: IPCC 2006:

Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC)

Ha Noi

Ninh Binh

0

5000000

10000000

15000000

20000000

25000000

30000000

35000000

40000000

45000000

50000000

CO

2e

(to

n)

year

Vung TauLong XuyenLong AnKien GiangHCMC Tan Binh DistrictHCMC District 6HCMC District 12HCMC District 10Binh DuongHa TinhYen BaiVinh Tu LiemSoc SonQuang NinhNinh BinhHa DongGia LamDong NaiDong AnhBao LacTien GiangHau GiangBinh PhuocBac NinhBac LieuThua Thien HueTay NinhPhu YenNinh ThuanKon tumKhanh HoaDaknongDak LakBinh DinhTuyen QuangThai BinhPhu ThoNghe AnLang Son

Ha Noi

Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC)

Ninh Binh

0

10000000

20000000

30000000

40000000

50000000

60000000

70000000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

MS

W(to

n)

year

Cam Ranh Yen BaiVung Tau Vinh PhucVinh Long Vinh Tuyen Quang Tu LiemTra Vinh Tien GiangThua Thien Hue Thanh HoaThai Nguyen Thai BinhTay Ninh Son LaSoc Trang Soc SonSam Son Quy NhonQuang Tri Quang NinhQuang Ngai Quang NamQuang Binh PleikuPhu Yen Phu ThoNinh Thuan Ninh BinhNha Trang Nghe AnNam Dinh Long XuyenLong An Lao CaiLang Son Lai ChauKon tum Kien GiangKhanh Hoa Hung YenHue Hoa BinhHo Chi Minh City (HCMC) HCMC Tan Binh DistrictHCMC District 6 HCMC District 12HCMC District 10 Hau GiangHai Phong Hai DuongHa Tinh Ha NoiHa Nam Ha GiangHa Dong Gia LamDong Nai Dong AnhDien Bien DaknongDak Lak Da NangDa lat Cao BangCan Tho Ca MauBinh Phuoc Binh DuongBinh Dinh Bim SonBen Tre Bao LacBac Ninh Bac LieuBac Kan Bac Giang

Total GHG Emissions from 2013-2020: 97,576,475 tCO2e

Total GHG Emissions from 2013-2020: 62,869,748 tCO2e

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• Selected 4 technology options:

1. Composting: to be introduced to 16 landfill sites

2. Incineration: to be introduced to 16 landfill sites

3. LFG capture, collection and flaring: to be introduced to 5 landfills

4. Semi-aerobic landfill technology: to be introduced to 3 landfills

• Methodology:

IPCC 2006 Guidelines

NAMA Scenarios

NAMA Scenarios for Waste Sector in Vietnam

Scenario 1 Scenario 2

Growth Rate of MSW

10% (Based on the National Envi. Report 2011)

3.27% (based on estimated future growth in population and GDP)

Selected Tec.

Semi-aerobic Landfill Semi-aerobic Landfill

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

16,000,000

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

20

17

20

18

20

19

20

20

20

21

20

22

20

23

20

24

20

25

20

26

20

27

20

28

20

29

20

30

CO

2e

(to

n)

Year

BAU

semi-aerobic technology

0

5,000,000

10,000,000

15,000,000

20,000,000

25,000,000

30,000,000

35,000,000

40,000,000

45,000,000

50,000,000

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

20

17

20

18

20

19

20

20

20

21

20

22

20

23

20

24

20

25

20

26

20

27

20

28

20

29

20

30

CO

2e

(to

n)

Year

BAU

semi-aerobic technology

Total GHG emissions reduction (2013-2020): 41,816,060 tCO2e

Total GHG emissions reduction (2013-2020): . 31,434,874 tCO2e

• Building up a NAMA/MRV legal framework for Vietnam

• Improving data collection system

• Strengthening NAMA/MRV capacity for stakeholders in Vietnam

• Creating incentives for stakeholders

• Financing support for stakeholders

Further Recommendation

Thank you for paying attention !!!