Landform Regions of Canada - Notes

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Landform Regions of CanadaThe movement of the earth’s plates, and the resulting ____________________, ____________________, and volcanic activity, have combined with the forces of ____________________and ____________________to create a variety of landscapes that affect the way we liveA Landform Region is an area of the Earth with a unique set of ________________________________________.

Western CordilleraLocation: – Along the western edge of Canada, covering most of ________________________________________and ________________________________________Physical Features: – Range after range of high, ____________________mountains separated by plateaus and ____________________, running North to South – Created recently by the collision of the ________________________________________and ____________________ plates Biological Features: – Herbs, lichens and shrubs at higher elevations and various types of ________________________________________and ____________________ at lower elevations – Several species have adapted to the harsh climates of the higher elevations, including Mountain Goat, Gyrfalcon, White-tailed and Willow Ptarmigan, Water Pipit and Rosy Finch – Mule Deer, Rocky Mountain Elk, Stone Sheep, Grizzly Bear and Black Bear are common at lower elevations. Resources: – Lightly ____________________, travel is difficult – Rich in ____________________, timber, and sources of ____________________electricity

Interior PlainsLocation: – Extends through the middle of Canada from North to South, covering most of ____________________and ____________________, and some of ____________________ and ____________________ Physical Features: – Very ____________________, with deep, ____________________ – Created when ____________________ from the ____________________ and the Rocky Mountains were deposited in shallow inland seas and compressed into layers of____________________rock – Cold winters, hot summers Biological Features: – The southern part of the interior plains is mostly ____________________, with grasses and herbs – The northern part is home to a belt of coniferous ____________________ called the ________________________________________, which extends from the Rocky Mountains all the way across Canada to ____________________, with Spruce, tamarack, and poplar being the most prominent species Resources: – Extensively used for farming ____________________ and ____________________– Known as Canada’s “Bread Basket” – Sedimentary rock contains rich mineral, coal, oil and gas deposits

Canadian ShieldLocation: – Covers more than ____________________of Canada, including most of ____________________, Quebec, ____________________, Ontario, and ____________________, and a large part of ____________________Physical Features: – Relatively ____________________ with rounded hills of metamorphic rock, which are actually the roots of ancient ____________________ – Some of the world’s oldest rocks can be found here, at or near the surface of the ground – In the last ice-age, glaciers scraped soil away and formed many small ____________________

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Biological Features: – Covered by boreal forest in the ____________________and tundra in the ____________________ – Many mammals such as moose, caribou, wolverines, weasels, mink, otters, beaver, grizzlies and black bears are present Resources: – Sparsely populated, farming is ____________________ because the soil is ____________________– Rock contains large quantities of valuable ________________________________________such as lead, ____________________, nickel, ____________________ and zinc – Ideal for recreation due to scenic ____________________, lakes, rock outcrops, and vast ____________________

Great Lakes-St.Lawrence LowlandsLocation: – South of the Canadian Shield in ____________________ and ____________________ – Smallest landform region in Canada Physical Description: – Glaciers deposited a huge amount of ____________________, sand and gravel here, creating a landscape of flat ____________________ with small hills and deep ____________________valleys – The great lakes are located in basins gouged out by the glaciers Biological Features: – Prior heavy ____________________ and urban sprawl, this area was home to large mixed forests Resources: – ____________________ of Canada’s population lives here – ____________________ of Canada’s manufacturing industries and located here – Well-suited to ____________________ because of excellent soils and warm climate

Appalachian MountainsLocation: – Covers some of southern ____________________, and most of the Maritime Provinces Physical Description: – Oldest highland region in Canada, created when the ________________________________________plate collided with ____________________ and ____________________about ____________________years ago – ____________________ has rounded the mountains over time, creating a landscape of rolling ____________________ and hills Biological Description: – The Appalachians are characterized by a wealth of large, beautiful deciduous broadleaf (____________________) trees. – During the 19th and early 20th centuries the Appalachian forests were subject to severe and destructive ____________________and land clearing – Animals that characterize the Appalachian forests include squirrels, rabbits and deer, which have greatly increased in abundance as a result of the elimination of the Gray Wolf and the Eastern Cougar or Mountain Lion by European settlers Resources: – Long ____________________provide deep ____________________ for ocean freighters – ____________________ rock rich in non-metallic minerals such as coal, with some igneous and metamorphic rock containing metallic minerals such as iron and zinc

Hudson Bay LowlandsLocation: – Around the southwestern shore of the ____________________and ____________________ in ____________________ and ____________________ Physical Features: – This is a layer of ____________________ rock rests on top of the underlying Shield – Flat low area covered by bogs and fens, and dotted with ____________________, lakes and ____________________ Biological Features: – Mostly muskeg or peat-forming wetlands – The region is famous for its polar bears – Caribou migrate to the area in summer – In summer the coast of this

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region is alive with birds, such as lesser snow geese, Canada geese, brant, tundra swans, oldsquaw, king eider, and northern phalarope and many shore-birds

Arctic LowlandsLocation: – A series of islands located in Canada’s far ____________________Physical Description: – Low-lying, ________________________________________with coastlines ranging from extensive____________________to spectacular ____________________ – Summer is brief, but sunny, it is cold and frozen in the winter – It is dark ____________________in the winter and light ____________________ in the summer Biological Features: – Sparsely vegetated, with vast seemingly lifeless areas Resources: – The ground is mostly composed of permafrost, making construction difficult and often hazardous, and ____________________ virtually ____________________

Innuitian MountainsLocation: – A mountain range in Canada's Arctic territories of ____________________ and the ________________________________________ Physical Description: – In some locations they measure over ____________________meters in height, and ____________________ km in length – Shaped at a time when the ____________________Plate moved northward – They are younger than the Appalachians, and so erosion has not yet rounded them significantly Biological Features: – They are above the tree line, preventing any vegetation from existing Resources: – Largely unexplored, due to the hostile climate. They are named after the northern indigenous people, who live in the region.

Over Canada: An Ariel AdventureProvince/Territory Physical Environment Human Landscape Economic Activities

Newfoundland and Labrador

Prince Edward Island

New Brunswick

Nova Scotia

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Quebec

Ontario

Manitoba

Saskatchewan

Alberta

Nunavut

Northwest Territories

Yukon

British Columbia

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Using the information in the text provided, fill out the chart below in point form

LANDFORM REGION LOCATION PHYSICAL FEATURES

BIOLOGICAL FEATURES

NATURAL RESOURCES

Western Cordillerea

Interior Plains

Canadian Shield

Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Lowlands

Appalachians

Hudson Bay Lowlands

Arctic Lowlands

Innuitian Mountains

Highlands

Lowlands

Canadian Shield

The 'Great Canadian Escape’ Travel Ad AssignmentFor this task, you will act as a tourism-marketing executive who is in charge of advertising and promoting tourism in one of Canada’s diverse landform regions. The goal is to create awareness about the physical and human geography in the region in order to attract potential tourists. You will create an advertisement that will appear in the next edition of Canadian Geographic Traveller Magazine or on the Canadian Geographic website.

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1. Choose your landform region: Choose one of Canada’s landform regions. Research its physical and human geography. You will need to identify the following in your report: types of landforms, weather and climate, vegetation, wildlife, and human activities and attractions in the region.

2. Design your advertisement: You can create a poster advertisement either digitally or in hard copy. You may also choose to market to a specific audience (e.g. youth, nature-lovers, adventure tourists, seniors). You can create your ad using a collage format or using select visuals. Regardless of the format, you must include the following in your ad: • Creative, original and persuasive slogan (not simply “Visit the Appalachians!”) • Images of the physical geography (landforms, weather and climate, vegetation, wildlife etc.) • Images of human activities, attractions etc. • Contact Information (eg.1-800-Sunny, website, social media feeds) • Your ad must be a minimum size of 8 ½ x 11 paper, or the equivalent if digital.

3. Short Report. Write a 1-page short report that identifies and describes the physical and human geography of the landform region you have chosen. Use the headings Physical Geography and Human Activities to organize your report. Use promotional language to entice people to choose your landform region for their next vacation destination. For the physical geography section, you must include information on the types of landforms, weather and climate, and vegetation and wildlife found in the landform region. Based on the physical characteristics of your landform region, identify and describe five human activities that tourists can do. You must provide specific examples of how these activities connect to the physical landscape. For example, “Due to the dense rainforest and mountainous terrain in Costa Rica, tourists can partake in a canopy tour and zip lining adventure near the Arenal Volcano.”

Due Date:_______________________________________

Rubric:Meets the standard with distinction (Level 4 80- 100%)

Meets the standard (Level 3 70-79%)

Almost meets the standard (Level 2 60-69%)

Needs work to achieve the standard (Level 1 50-59%)

Has not met the expectations (Below 50%)

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Knowledge and Understanding SHORT REPORT Physical characteristics of landform region____/10

Report demonstrates exceptional degree of k/u about the physical characteristics of the region.

All required information is included

Report demonstrates considerable degree of k/u about the physical characteristics of the region.

All required information is included

Report demonstrates some k/u about the physical characteristics of the region.

Most required information is included

Report demonstrates limited degree of k/u about the physical characteristics of the region.

Some required information is included

Has not met the requirements for this part of the assignment

THINKINGSHORT REPORT Identification and explanation of human activities, as they relate to the physical environment____/10

High degree of critical thought in selection of human activities.

Relationships between the physical environment and human activities are explained in detail and are accurate.

Considerable degree of critical thought in selection of human activities.

Several relationships between the physical environment and human activities are explained and are accurate.

Some evidence of critical thought in in selection of human activities.

Some relationships between the physical environment and human activities are explained and are accurate

Limited to no evidence of critical thought in selection of human activities.

Some or no relationships between the physical environment and human activities are explained and/or are accurate.

Has not met the requirements for this part of the assignment

APPLICATIONAD SLOGANCreative and persuasive slogan

GEO VOCABULARY Use of geographic terms in report____/10

Ad slogan is extremely creative, original and persuasive.

Student correctly uses a wide variety of geo terminology in the correct context.

Ad slogan is creative, original and persuasive.

Student uses a variety of geo terminology in the correct context.

Ad slogan is somewhat creative, original and persuasive.

Student uses a few key geo terms in the correct context.

Ad slogan is not original or lacks creativity and persuasiveness.

Student does not use key geo terminology in the report.

Has not met the requirements for this part of the assignment

CommunicationAD SLOGANOrganization, creativity, persuasivenessMECHANICS Report format (headings, complete sentences) and mechanics

___/10

Ad is incredibly well organized, creative and persuasive. Captures reader’s attention.

Report is written using proper format, complete sentences promotional language.

Spelling, grammar and punctuation are correct.

Ad is well organized, creative and persuasive. Captures reader’s attention.

Report is written using proper format, complete sentences and some promotional language.

Only a few spelling, grammar and punctuation errors.

Ad is somewhat organized, creative and persuasive.

Report is written using some aspects of proper format, some proper sentences and minimal promotional language.

Several spelling, grammar and punctuation errors.

Ad is disorganized, and message is difficult to understand.

Report does not follow proper format throughout and includes minimal/no use of promotional language.

Spelling, grammar and punctuation errors detract from message.

Has not met the requirements for this part of the assignment

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