Mrs. Johnson and Mrs. AgostaMrs. Johnson and Mrs. Agosta

Features ofFeatures of

Rise of CivilizationRise of CivilizationREAD! DON’T WRITE!READ! DON’T WRITE!

About 5,000 years ago, About 5,000 years ago, the first civilizations the first civilizations began to develop began to develop along river valleys.along river valleys.

The rich, fertile The rich, fertile farmlands of river farmlands of river valleys helped these valleys helped these civilizations to thrive.civilizations to thrive.

1. Cities1. CitiesA.A. Cities emerged as Cities emerged as

farmers produced farmers produced surplussurplus (extra) (extra) food.food.

B.B.Agriculture Agriculture (farming) increased (farming) increased population population

MORE FOOD=MORE PEOPLEMORE FOOD=MORE PEOPLE

Irrigation Irrigation Moving water Moving water

from its source from its source to farmto farm

City-stateCity-stateA city and the surrounding areaA city and the surrounding area

2. Central Government2. Central GovernmentA.A. Gov’ts ensured the Gov’ts ensured the

food supply and food supply and protection.protection.

B.B. A A bureaucracy bureaucracy is a is a system of managing system of managing gov’t through gov’t through departments run by departments run by officialsofficials

EmpireEmpireWhen a single authority rules many When a single authority rules many

territories or nationsterritories or nations

3. Public Works3. Public WorksA.A. Rulers built Rulers built

things all things all people could people could use. use.

B.B. Ex: roads, Ex: roads, bridges, and bridges, and defensive wallsdefensive walls

4. Religion4. Religion

A.A. Ancient people were Ancient people were polytheisticpolytheistic, believing in many , believing in many gods.gods.

B.B.Cities had temples and priests to Cities had temples and priests to gain the favor of gods through gain the favor of gods through rituals to ensure plentiful crops.rituals to ensure plentiful crops.

5. Writing Systems 5. Writing Systems A.A.Scribes Scribes (trained (trained

writers) kept writers) kept needed records.needed records.

B.B. Documents for tax Documents for tax collections, laws, collections, laws, and the storage of and the storage of grain.grain.

C.C. Pictograms Pictograms (picture writing)(picture writing)

Cuneiform (wedge-shaped Cuneiform (wedge-shaped writing)writing) was invented around was invented around 3000 B.C. by the Sumerians.3000 B.C. by the Sumerians.

6. Job Specialization6. Job Specialization

A.A. People People specialized in specialized in certain jobs. No certain jobs. No one person could one person could master all skills.master all skills.

B.B. ArtisanArtisan- skilled - skilled craftworkercraftworker

7. Social Classes7. Social Classes

A.A. People became People became ranked in ranked in classes classes according to according to their job.their job.

B.B. HierarchyHierarchy- - a a system of rankssystem of ranks

Priestsand

Nobles

Warriors andMerchants

Farmers andSlaves

8. Art and Architecture8. Art and Architecture

A.A. These were These were expressions of expressions of beliefs and beliefs and valuesvalues

B.B. Buildings Buildings showed religion showed religion and strength in and strength in gov’t.gov’t.