Moving towards ‘Zero...

Moving towards ‘Zero Waste’

7 February 2018

Owen Lyttle

Head of Waste Policy

Environmental Policy Division

DAERA

Key Strategic Challenges

Waste infrastructure

• Landfill capacity

• Possible capacity issue arising through 2020s

• Dependent on delivery of other residual waste infrastructure

Environmental Services Association

Chairman, Stewart Davies, writing in the

July 2017 edition of the CIWM Journal


BREXIT

• RDF export – increasing costs due to currency exchange rate changes

• Will recyclate quality be an issue for importing to EU? Especially in

relation to recyclate from co-mingled sources


Global Issues

• China recyclate import restrictions – the need to find alternative

markets and improve the quality of recyclates


Waste Crime

• Consequences of failing to prepare and adapt to other challenges

• Need to reduce access to waste, especially materials for disposal,

recovery and low grade recyclate


So what?

• Risks arising from these challenges can be mitigated by:

• Increasing waste prevention, reuse and recycling – reduce

amount of waste for landfill

• Increasing the quality of recycling – better quality = higher

value: less likely to be illegally dumped; increased supply of

materials to the local economy; and more likely to have broader

market access

• Local integrated waste infrastructure, including residual waste

infrastructure – makes Northern Ireland more resilient to

volatility in global commodity markets and external actor

policies

Policy context

2016* 2035*

Circular Economy Package proposals

44%

18.5%

37.3%

*Source: Northern Ireland Local Authority Collected Municipal Waste

Management Statistics Annual Report 2015/16

25%

10%65%

**Source: EU Circular Economy Package waste proposals

Draft Programme for Government

Recycling

% household waste recycled

Air Quality

Nitrogen dioxide

GHG emissions

GHG reductions

Water Quality

% Soluble reactive Phosphorus

& dissolved inorganic Nitrogen

Biodiversity

% Protected Area under

favourable management

Outcome 2: “We

live and work

sustainably –

protecting the

environment”

“...driving economic growth”

30

35

40

45

50

55

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Northern Ireland EU Waste from Household Recycling Rate from 2010

EU Waste from Household Recycling Rate %

Derry City & Strabane 2016/17

EU “Waste from Household” Recycling Rate 35.6%

(NI average 43.3%; median 44.5%; range 35.6 to 50.9%)

Landfill Rate 27%

(NI average 36.7%)

Waste Compositional Analysis

NI Recycling Gap Study

Summary of project to review collection

options to meet 50% recycling target by

2020

Scenario Refuse Dry Food Garden

1a 3 weekly No change No change No change

1b 3 weekly No change Fortnightly mixed food and

garden

Fortnightly mixed food

and garden

1c 3 weekly No change Weekly separate food Free garden

1d 3 weekly Multi-stream Weekly separate food Free garden

1e 3 weekly Two stream (paper/card sep) Weekly separate food Free garden

1f 3 weekly Two stream (glass sep) Weekly separate food Free garden

1g 3 weekly Multi-stream No change No change

1h 3 weekly Two stream (paper/card sep) No change No change

1i 3 weekly Two stream (glass sep) No change No change

Modelled scenarios (page 1 of 3)


2a Restricted (180 litres) No change No change No change

2b Restricted (180 litres) No change Fortnightly mixed food and

garden

Fortnightly mixed food

and garden

2c Restricted (180 litres) No change Weekly separate food Free garden

2d Restricted (180 litres) Multi-stream Weekly separate food Free garden

2e Restricted (180 litres) Two stream (paper/card sep) Weekly separate food Free garden

2f Restricted (180 litres) Two stream (glass sep) Weekly separate food Free garden

2g Restricted (180 litres) Multi-stream No change No change

2h Restricted (180 litres) Two stream (paper/card sep) No change No change

2i Restricted (180 litres) Two stream (glass sep) No change No change



3a No change No change + PTTs No change No change

3b No change No change + Glass No change No change

3c No change No change + PTTs & glass No change No change

4a No change Add missing materials @flats Weekly separate food @ flats No change

4b Restricted residual

@ flats

Add missing materials @flats with

increased yield

Weekly separate food @ flats with

increased yield

No change

5a No change No change Fortnightly mixed food and garden Fortnightly mixed food

and garden

5b No change No change Weekly separate food Free garden

5c No change Multi-stream Weekly separate food Free garden

5d No change Two stream (glass sep) Weekly separate food Free garden

6a No change No change + communications

push

No change No change

7a Improvements at Household Waste and Recycling Centres

7.1 - additional materials,

7.2 - meet and greet policy & trade restriction


Performance results by scenario

3 weekly

refuse +

weekly

food

restricted

fortnightly

refuse

+weekly food

weekly

food

Note: Details for the modelled scenarios are at slides 5-6.

Northern Ireland level

NI Cumulative Net Service Cost (£m) -

compared to baseline (2018/19-2025/26)

42

.3%

44

.2%

46

.0%

50

.5%

49

.5%

49

.9%

50

.8%

43

.2%

43

.6%

44

.4%

43

.9%

45

.9%

50

.4%

49

.5%

49

.9%

50

.7%

43

.0%

43

.4%

44

.3%

42

.5%

42

.6%

42

.8%

42

.5%

42

.5%

44

.3%

48

.1%

47

.3%

48

.4%

43

.1%

56

.5%

55

.8%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

-£100

-£50

£0

£50

£100

£150

£200

£250

Bas

elin

e 1a

1b 1c

1d 1e 1f

1g

1h 1i

2a

2b 2c

2d 2e 2f

2g

2h 2i

3a

3b 3c

4a

4b 5a

5b 5c

5d 6a

Stac

k4

Stac

k5

£ m

illio

nNorthern Ireland level

Derry City & Strabane District Council level

HHWRC improvement scenarios

Positive low cost gains achieved from improving facilities at

HHWRCs (1) and policies to improve separation (2)

1. Possible to meet 50% from kerbside scenarios

2. Possible to meet 50% in 2020 (just) assuming all NI LAs start in 2018/19

3. The groups of scenarios which meet 50% all include either 3 weekly residual or restricted

residual bin volume

4. 3 weekly residual scenarios are consistently lower cost than restricted volume

5. Least cost scenarios all include multi-stream (savings coming from co-collection of

separate food waste with dry recyclables)

6. Separate weekly food waste collections increase the recycling rate by over 6% compared

to 2% from mixed garden and food waste

7. HHWRC scenarios add over 3% and would support kerbside scenarios to increases

beyond 50%

8. Scenarios including flats, adding in missing dry materials at kerbside, communication

campaigns add minimal increase to the recycling rate

9. However, communications and associated implementation resources are considered

essential in transition to achieve the performance detailed in scenarios

Key Study Conclusions

Questions

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