Movement Analysis - Swanlea School
Transcript of Movement Analysis - Swanlea School
MovementAnalysis
LeverSystemsGCSEPE
HelpfulWebsitesbeforeyoubegin
WatchtheYoutubevideobelow(PlanetPE)!GoodExplanationofLeversystems
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9-oFDZYsd5Q
• https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zxkr82p/revision/1
Terms
• 3keytermsyouneedtoknow
• Fulcrum:
• Effort:
• Load:
Pivot.Inthebodythisisajoint.Theforceappliedtomovetheobject.Inthebodythiswillbeamuscularcontraction.Theloadtobemoved,usuallyaweightortheweightofthebody.
LeverClassesThreeclassesoflever:• ClassOne:
• Fulcruminthemiddle• ClassTwo:
• Loadinthemiddle
• ClassThree:• Effortinthemiddle
ClassOne• FoundintheNeck• Identify:– Fulcrum– Effort– Load
Trapezius
Cranium+Mandible
PivotJointatNeck
ClassTwo• FoundintheAnkle• Identify:– Fulcrum– Effort– Load
Gastrocnemius
WeightofbodythoughTibia
BaseofToe
ClassThree• FoundintheElbow• Identify:– Fulcrum– Effort– Load
Bicep
HandandObject
Elbow-Hinge
• Usingslides4/5/6completeWorksheet1
Oneachofthe3diagramsyoumust!• Nameeachleverandlabelthe:-Fulcrum-Effort-Load• Onboththebodypartandthelever.• Namethemusclethatiscreatingtheeffort?
Task1
Task2
• OnWorksheet2• Cutoutandannotatetheimagewiththethreelevers(likeinslide4/5/6)
• Explainreasonsforyouranswer(Refertopositioningofeffort,loadandfulcrum).
• Usingthekeybelow,labelthefollowingincludingthedirectionofloadandeffort.
-Load
-Effort
-Fulcrum
1,2,3/F,L,E
• HowdoIrememberwhateachLeverlookslike?!• Here’sacoupleoftips,Canyouthinkofyourown?– 1,2,3–F,L,E
• Class1hastheFulcruminthemiddle(F),• Class2hastheLoadinthemiddle(L),• Class3hastheEffortinthemiddle(E).
– NAE–Neck,Ankle,Elbow(1,2,3)
MechanicalAdvantage
• Dependsonthedistancebetweentheeffortandthefulcrum(Effortarm)
• Comparedtothedistancebetweenthefulcrumandtheresistance(Resistancearm)
• Themechanicaladvantageisworkedoutbydividingtheeffortarmbytheresistancearm:
MA=Effortarm÷Resistancearm
• AshortLoadArmallowsaheavierloadtobelifted.
• AshortEffortArmallowsforfastermovementsoveralargerrange.
LoadArm
EffortArm
Type2Lever
Type3Lever
MechanicalAdvantage• WhenaLeversEffortArmislongerthanitsLoadArm.
• SecondClassLeversALWAYShaveamechanicalAdvantage.
Theycanmovelargeloadswithlesseffort
MechanicalDisadvantage
• WhenaLeversLoadArmislongerthantheEffortArm.
• ThirdClassLeversALWAYShaveaMechanicalDisadvantage
Althoughtheyareata‘disadvantage’theycanincreasethespeedofthe
leverarm.
AdvantageofDisadvantage?
• WithFirstClassLeversthisdependsonthepositionoftheFulcrum.
Task
1. Onyourworksheetdraweachlever.2. Giveanexampleofwhereitwouldbe
locatedonthebody.3. DescribetheMechanicalAdvantageor
Disadvantage.4. Extension:Turnoverthepageandseeifyou
candrawandidentifyotherexamplesofleverinthebody.
Skilledperformanceismadepossiblethroughtheeffectiveuseofleversystems.a)Sketchandlabelathirdclassleversystem.(3marks)b)Inyourdiagram,drawandlabeltheeffortarmandtheresistancearm.(2marks)c)Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthirdclassleversovertheothertypesofleversystems?(2marks)
ExamQuestion(Answers)
• Thirdclassleverhasashortereffortarmandalongerresistancearm.
• Thisresultsinamechanicaldisadvantageintermsoftheamountofweightthatcanbeliftedduetotheshorteffortarm.
• However,thereisthemechanicaladvantageofalargerangeofmovementandgreaterspeedofmovementduetolongresistancearm.
EffortResistance
Fulcrum
Effortarm
Resistancearm
AnswerQ1+2
AnswerQ3
Task4
• CompleteWorksheet3’Leversandsportingexamples’
• CompleteexamquestionsonWorksheet4• Usemarkschemetocheckyouranswers• Answerquestionsbeforeyoulookatmarksheet!!
Task5