Motor Cycle Tire

8/7/2019 Motor Cycle Tire

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Motor Cycle TireMotor Cycle Tire

N.A.G.WilsonUWU/SCT/07/0047


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y Introduction of Tire

What is tyremajor ingredients

section view of tire

types of tire

aspect ratiogrades of tire

y Process Of Motor Cycle Tyre

y Specification


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Who Invented The First Tire?Who Invented The First Tire?

y It was invented in1888, by JohnDunlop.

y This would be the

end of the solidtire.


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By weight, give or take 30%By weight, give or take 30%

By volume, quite a bite more.By volume, quite a bite more.

Actual components that go into a tire.

Raw RubberSteel

Nylon

Polyester

Rayon

Carbon Black

Synthetic Rubber

FiberglassAramid

Brass

Tire compontents

Rubber

Steel Nylon

RayonCarbon Black

Synthe

tic Rubber

0

10

20

30


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Tire CutawayTire Cutaway


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Tire Cutaway


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Cooper Tire Cutaway


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Why are Tires Black?

y To protect therubber from theharmful UV rays.

y A common type of

UV stabilizer calleda competitiveabsorber is addedto capture and

absorb theseharmful UV lightwave energy.


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Bias Ply Tire

y A bias ply tire hasplies running at an

angle from bead

to bead.

y The cord angle isalso reversed from

ply to ply.

y Tread is bonded

directly to the topply.


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Belted Bias Tire

y Is a bias tire withbelts added toincrease treadstiffness.

y

These belts arealso ran at adifferent angle.

y These belts onlylie on the treadarea and not onthe side walls,like cords.


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Radial Ply Tire

y Has plies runningstraight across frombead to bead withstabilizer belts lying

directly beneath thetread.y This results in the

radial having flexible

side wall, but a stifftread.y Michelin developed it

in 1955! 50 yearsago!


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Tire SidewallTire Sidewall


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Aspect RatioAspect Ratio

Percentage of tires height in relationto its width A 60 series tire heightwill be 60% of the width. The aspect

ratio can be a 40,50, 60,65,70,75,78These are some of the most commonones.


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Process of Motor Cycle tireBasic Overview of Tire Building


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Major Ingredients

Rubber (Natural and synthetic) 38%

Fillers (Carbon black, silica, carbon

chalk) 30%

Reinforcing materials (steel, rayon,

nylon) 16%

Plasticizers (oils and resins) 10%

Chemicals for vulcanisation (sulphur,

zinc oxide, various chemicals) 4%

Chemicals as antioxidents to counter

ozone effects and material fatigue 1%

Miscellaneous 1%


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y A Banbury mixer combines rubber stock, carbon black

and other chemical ingredients to create a

homogeneous rubber material. Time, heat and raw

materials are factors utilized to engineer materialcomposition.

y The ingredients are generally provided to the plant in

pre-weighed packages or are prepared and weighed by

the Banbury operator from bulk quantities. Measured

ingredients are placed onto a conveyor system, and the

Banbury is charged to initiate the mixing process.

y Hundreds of components are combined to form rubber

utilized for tyre manufacturing. The components include

compounds which act as accelerators, anti-oxidants,anti-ozonants, extenders, vulcanizers, pigments,

plasticizers, reinforcing agents and resins.


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Part of the tyre production process, calendaring is the process

where textile and steel cords are "sandwiched" between two layers

of compound to form sheets. These sheets, when superimposedover each other during tyre assembly, create the casing ply and

breaker belts (below the tread) required for strength, shock

resistance, compliance and durability.

Calendaring Textile Calendering


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The calender operation continues to shape rubber.

The calender machine consists of one or more

(often four) rolls, through which the rubber sheets

are forced The calender machine has the following

functions:

to prepare compounded rubber as a uniform sheetof definite thickness and width

to place a thin coat of rubber on a fabric

(coating or skimming)

to force rubber into the interstices of fabric by

friction (frictioning).

The rubber sheets coming off the calender are

wound on drums, called shells, with fabric

spacers, called liners, to prevent sticking.


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Steel Calendering


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y The extruder is often referred to as a tuber

because it creates tube-like rubber components.The extruder functions by forcing rubber through

dies of appropriate shape.

y The extruder consists of a screw, barrel or

cylinder, head and die. A core or spider is used toform the hollow inside of tubing. The extruder

makes the large, flat section of tyre treads.

y Extruder and calender operators may be exposed

to talc and solvents, which are used in theprocess. Also, the workers at the end of the

extrusion operation are exposed to a highly

repetitive task of placing the tread onto multi-

tiered carts.

Extrution


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Extrusion - Preparation of Treads and Sidewalls


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Bead Production


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y Bead wires are set at the applicators.

Bead joint has to be in the right placeto avoid tyre imbalance.

Carcass Building


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Inner Liner

Inner liner is set at the drum and rotated around the drum at one

turn. The joint is cut with a hot knife. Inner liner is set end toend so that the diagonal cutting seam is at the top. The ends are

joined manually.


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Body Ply: Mounting

Cord ply ends are set at the drum and rotated around

the drum at one turn. The cord is cut by hand with a joinof 2-5 overlapping wires. The join is pressed carefully

together at the edges.


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Bead Wire Mounting and Turn-Up

Bead wire mounting and turn-up is done

automatically. Bead wire applicators bring thebeads to the carcass. Edges are turned up with

bladders over the beads and stitched tightly.


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Sidewall Mounting and Joining

Sidewall ends are set at the drum and rotated

around the drum at one turn. Sidewall is set endto end and the seam is fastened together

manually.


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Tread Package

Steel belt tables go down on the drum

automatically. Steel belt is joined by cutting itwith a hot knife and setting the ends together.


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Cap Ply: Mounting and Joining

The ends of the nylon cap ply, is set at the

drum in the middle of the steel belts. Bandageis wound on top of the steel belts 1-2 times.

The bandage is cut with scissors.


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Tread Mounting

Tread is pulled onto the drum automatically.

Tread is set end to end and joined automatically.


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First and Second Stage Coupling

Carcass (1st stage) and tread (2nd stage)

packages are joined automatically. The carcassis set at the flanges of the carcass drum,

pressurized, fastened to the tread package and

stitched together.


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Green Tire

After building the green tire it is transferred

to the painting machine, where anti-blemishchemicals are applied.


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After the assembly, green tires are moved over

to curing chambers.

The curing phase consists of three keyelements:

Heat, pressure and time.

In the mold chambers tire tread pattern is

applied to green tires, they are pushed into themold, and the tread pattern begins to imprint.

Temperature is raised to 170C (can be different

for various type of tires, up to 190C), and

chemical reactions begin to strengthen the tire.

Most bike tires take about 15 minutes, but tires

for large trucks and heavy machinery can take

up to 40 minutes.

Curing


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After molding, tires are cooled down.

Small knobs, called spew, appear on the

exterior of the tire.They are created by purpose allowing steam

and air to escape. Before final inspection,

most of the spew gets removed.


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Tires are checked at the every step of the creation

process, but the most important is the last quality check.

For final check each tire is personally checked by aprofessional, they are searching for shape or any other

defects.

Quality Checks


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Also each tire is checked by laser rays, to see if it was

properly constructed. And finally, after that the tire is

tested on specifically designed road simulator that spins

the tire on various speeds. Usually less than 0.11% tiresdoesn t pass the tests. Other 99.89% are stored in large

racks, waiting for worldwide distribution.


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References

http//:www.Tyre construction - basic overview of tyre building &

process stages of tyre manufacturing

http://www.ilo.org/encyclopaedia/?doc&nd=857200086&nh=0

http//:www.20Manufacturing.htm

http://www. Tireschool.com/How-a-Tire-is-Made.aspx.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halobutyl_rubber#Tire Construction

http://www.energymanagertraining.com/tyre/tyre_manufacturing

process%20.htm

http://www.Motorcycle Tire Basics.htm

http://www.Production-Process-of-Motorcycle-Tires.htm


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Thank You


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Tire SizeTire Size

LT = Light Truck


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Tire SizeTire Sizey If you switch tire size on a car you can mess

up the speedometer to figure out how closeyou are do the math to figure out thediameter.

y For a 205/75R15 tire it would look like this

y 205 X .75 x 2 25.4 + 15= 27.106

y Tire size X Aspect ratio X 2 25.4 + Rim size

y 100


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Aspect RatioAspect Ratio

So if we have a P205/60R15 tire.The width is 205 millimeters andthe height is 60% of the width.

That means 205 x .6 = 123millimeters.That tire should be 123 millimeters

tall.You can raise or lower your car bychanging the height of the side wall.

Motor Cycle Tire

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