Motion Questions

8/10/2019 Motion Questions

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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION

High Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 1

A jet aircraft is taking off from an international airport. Its mass, including passengers and fuel is 150,000 kg.Its take-off speed is 100 ms -1. The maximum thrust of its engines is 500,000 N.

(a) Using the equation Kinetic Energy (joules) = mv 2 ,calculate the kinetic energy at the moment of take-off.

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(b) Name the two main forces acting on the plane at take-off.

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(c) We can assume there are no forces of resistance and the engines maintain maximum thrust.Using the equation Work done (joules) = force distance, calculate the minimum length of runway needed fortake-off.

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TOTAL / 7


2/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


Alice pulls per brother Simon on a sledge. She pulls with a force of 100 N and the friction force between sledgeand ground is 20 N.

(a) What is the resultant force on the sledge?

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(b) How much work does she do in pulling the sledge 20m?

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(c) Alice pulls the sledge up a hill of vertical height 3m.

(i) If the sledge and Simon together weigh 100 N, use the equation:

Potential Energy (joule) = force vertical heightto calculate their potential energy at the top of the hill.

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(ii) Alice lets go of the sledge. Explain what happens in terms of the energy changes.

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TOTAL / 7

3 m


3/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


The diagram below shows a skydiver during three stages of the parachute jump. Stage 1 and 2 shows theskydiver during free fall long after the skydiver has left the plane. Stage 3 shows the skydiver after the

parachute has been open for some time.

In Stage 1 the skydiver is travelling at a constant speed.

(a) State the name for this steady speed.

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(b) State the names of the forces on the skydiver in stage 1.

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In Stage 2 the skydiver increases his speed by tilting downwards.

(c) Explain how tilting downwards has altered the forces acting on the skydiver.

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(d) The table below shows readings from the parachutists altimeter (an instrument for measuring the heightabove the ground) during the descent. The altimeter was later found to be inaccurate at times. At 15 secondsinto the jump the parachutist tilts downwards.

TIME(SECS)

HEIGHT(METRES)

0 2000

5 186010 160015 130020 77025 58030 50035 42040 45045 30050 25055 200

60 175

(Continued...)

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3


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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION

QUESTIONSHEET 3 CONTINUED

(i) Construct a graph of the information. [4]

(ii) Use the graph to determine the average speed between 10-15 seconds.

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TOTAL / 10


5/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


Michael Johnson won the 200m at the 1996 Olympic Games in a new World record time of 19.32s.

(a) Write down the equation you could use to work out his average speed in the race.

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(b) Calculate his average speed.

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(c) He reached a velocity of 7.5 m/s 2 seconds after the start of the race.How far had he run in the first 2s? (You may assume he accelerates at a constant rate.)

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(d) What was his average acceleration 2s after the start of the race?

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TOTAL / 9


6/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


The graph below shows the distance travelled (m) against time (s) for Alecia and Dina who are riding their bikesto school .

(a) How far is it to school?

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(b) Who sets off at the faster speed?

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(c) Explain what has happened at the section marked PQ.

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(d) Work out Dinas speed for the first 400 seconds.

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(e) What happens at point X?

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(f) Who arrives at school first?

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(g) What is Alecias average speed for the whole journey?

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TOTAL / 9

0

500

1000

1500

2000

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

AleciaDina

P Q


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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


A child steps out in the path of a car in a busy street.

The graph shows how the speed of the car changes from the moment the driver seesthe child until the car safely stopped before the child was harmed.

(a) What is the driver's reaction time in seconds?

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(b) Calculate the deceleration of the car while the brakes are being applied.

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(c) Calculate the distance travelled by the car from the moment the driver saw the child.

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TOTAL / 10

0

27 m/s

speed m/s

1.2s 5.4s

time/s


8/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


The world's strongest man pulled a lorry along and crossed the finish line in 30s.

(a) Plot a graph of speed (m/s) (vertical axis) against time (s) (horizontal axis). [3]

(Continued...)

Speedm/s

Time s

0 00.5 5

0.75 101.25 152.0 203.0 30


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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


(b) (i) Calculate his average acceleration in the first 5s.

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(ii) Calculate his average acceleration in the last 5s (between 25 and 30s).

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(iii) Explain why there is a difference.

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TOTAL / 9


10/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


In the 1996 Olympic Games in Barcelona, Linford Christie won the 100m race in 9.96s.

(a) Write down the equation for calculating his average speed.

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(b) (i) Calculate Linford Christie's average speed for the 100m race.

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(ii) In the 1896 Olympic Games in Athens, the 100m race was won by Thomas Burke in 12.0s.Calculate his average speed.

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(iii) Suggest one reason why the winning time is less in 1996.

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(c) (i) The 100m freestyle swimming event in 1996 was won by Alexander Popov in 40.02s.Calculate his average speed.

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(ii) Suggest why this time is greater than Linford Christie's time for running the 100m race.

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TOTAL / 9


11/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION

Medium Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 9

A bus leaves a bus stop, and its motion along a straight road is shown in the graph.

(a) Describe what is happening in region b of the graph.

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(b) Using the equation: acceleration = change in velocity , calculate the acceleration of the bus in region a.time taken

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(c) At point X, the bus driver sees slow moving traffic ahead. Explain what is happening in regions c, d and e.

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(d) Suggest what is happening at point Z.

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TOTAL / 12

Time/ s

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

10

20

S p e e d

/ s

a

b

c

d

e

Z

X


12/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


Shina dives from a diving board into a swimming pool. The vertical and horizontal displacements of her centreof mass are shown in the graph.

(Continued...)

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.60.5 0.7-0.7

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0.5

Time/ s

D i s t a n c e / m


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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


(i) Find the maximum height of Shinas centre of mass above the board.

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(ii) Find the time taken to reach this height.

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(iii) Find the vertical distance from the top of the dive to the water surface.

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(b) Shinas mass is 40 kg. Using the equation Work Done (joule) = force distance, calculate the work doneagainst gravity from the board to the highest point.

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TOTAL / 5


14/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION

QUESTIONSHEET 11

Louise weighs 420N. She runs upstairs.

Her power when running up the stairs is given by: power (watts) = energy transferred

timeYou may also need to use the equation po tential energy (joules) = force vertical height.

(a) Calculate Louises power when running up the stairs in 3 seconds.

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(b) As she reaches the top, she hears the telephone ringing and runs back down again. What happens tothe potential energy she gained when she climbed the stairs?

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(c) Louise carries a box of weight 140N up the stairs. How much extra work does she do when climbingthe stairs than she would without the box?

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(d) How long would it take her to climb the stairs carrying the box using the same power as in part (a)?

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TOTAL / 7

3 metres


15/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


A bungee jumper falls from rest on a bridge. His speed over time is shown in the table.

time (s) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

speed (ms-1)

10 20 30 40 50 60 47 0

(a) (i) Plot a graph of speed against time. [2]

(Continued...)

A B


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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


(i) What happens between points A and B?

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(ii) Calculate the average deceleration between points A and B.

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(ii) What is causing this deceleration?

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(c) (i) Calculate the acceleration between 2 and 4 seconds into the jump.

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(ii) What is causing this acceleration?

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TOTAL / 10


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18/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


Here is some information about the speed of a car during its journey.

Speed m/s Time s0 0

5 1010 2015 3020 4020 5020 60

(a) Plot a graph of speed m/s (vertical axis) against time s (horizontal axis). [3]

(Continued...)


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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


(b) How far does the car travel in the first 30s of its journey?

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(c) Describe the motion of the car for the rest of its journey (the next 30s).

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(d) At 60s, the driver starts to brake and the car stops after a further 15s (a total of 75s).

(i) Draw this deceleration on your graph. [1]

(ii) Calculate the deceleration of the car between 60 and 75s.

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TOTAL / 11


20/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


A car starts up and travels along the roadHere is a table showing how the speed of the car changed.

SPEED (m/s) TIME (s)0 03 16 29 3

12 415 516 6

(a)(i) Plot a graph of speed in m/s (vertical axis) against time in s (horizontal axis). [3]

(Continued...)


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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


(ii) Calculate the acceleration of the car over the first 5 seconds.

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(iii) How far does the car travel in the first 5 seconds?

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(b)(i) Mark on the graph CV when the car is travelling at constant velocity.

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(ii) Mark D when the car is decelerating.

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TOTAL / 11

Velocity

Time


22/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


A car moves along a dry road.The driver sees danger ahead. It takes her 0.6s to react before braking. This iscalled her reaction time. In this time the car travels 15m.

(a) Calculate the speed of the car during the 0.6s it takes the driver to react to the danger ahead.

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(b) The distance travelled before braking is the thinking distance.

Total stopping distance for the car = thinking distance + braking distance

The total stopping distance at this speed is 63m. What is the braking distance of the car?

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(c) (i) What effect does driving on a wet road have on the driver's reaction time?

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(ii) What other two factors besides speed affects the braking distance of a car?

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TOTAL / 7


23/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION

Low Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 17

Kris and Joshua are racing their remote-controlled model cars down a flat road. Information on their motion isshown in the table.

Kris: distance (m) Kris: time (s) Joshua: distance (m) Joshua: time (s)4 1 3 18 2 6 2

12 3 9 316 4 12 420 5 15 5

(a) Plot a graph of distance against time for both cars. [3]

(Continued...)


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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


(i) Calculate the average speed of both for the 5 seconds.

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(ii) Whose car travelled faster?

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(c) Joshuas car veers off course and collides with a wall. Describe the energy changes which take place during the collision.

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TOTAL / 8


25/28

GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


Karl is taking his Driving Theory test soon.He has written out this table of stopping distances.

SPEED (mph) STOPPING DISTANCE(m)30 2340 3650 4560 7370 96

(a) Plot a graph of speed (mph) (vertical axis) against stopping distance (m) (horizontal axis). [3]

(Continued...)


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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


(b) Karl has got one of the stopping distances wrong. At which speed has he made a mistake?

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(c) At 30 mph, the thinking distance is 9m and the braking distance 14m. Explain carefully what is meant by:

(i) thinking distance.

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(ii) braking distance.

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(d) These stopping distances are called the shortest distances in the Highway Code.Suggest two things which may make the stopping distance at that speed longer than in Karl's table.

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TOTAL / 8


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GCSE PHYSICS MOTION


A speed of a train is plotted against time.

(a) What is the maximum speed of the train?

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(b) (i) Describe the movement of the train between points A and B.......................................................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Describe the movement of the train between points B and C.

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(c) Were the brakes applied at point A, B or C?

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(d) How far did the train travel between A and B?

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0 50 100 150 200 250 3000

20

30

40

50

10

x x

x

A B

C

S p e e d m

/ s

Time/ s

Motion Questions

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