Motion for Partial Reconsideration (Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012)
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Transcript of Motion for Partial Reconsideration (Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012)
7/22/2019 Motion for Partial Reconsideration (Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012)
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SupremeCourtManila
En Banc
NATTONAL UNION OF JOURNALISTSOF
THE PHILIPPINES (NUJP), PHILIPPINE
PRESS INSTITUTE (PPI), CENTER FORMEDIA FREEDOM AND
RESPONSIBILITY, MELINDA QUINTOS-DEJESUS, ROWENA CARRANZA PARAAN,
ALWYN AI-BURO, ARIEL SEBELLINO
AND THE PETITIONERS IN THE C-
PETITIONrat0175
Petitiaten,
- uers*
THE EXECUTTVESECRETARY,ETAL.,Respmdes.
Petrtioners, hrougl-r ndersigned ounsel, espectfully
the Decision dated i8 February2014, md copy received27
grounds:
1 .
Republicof t}leP[ilippines
b-ttp:,1-l-v1vry.-a-uip.qtg,/-rlo-Jg:.
MOTION FOR PARTIAL RECONSIDERATION
G.R.No. 203453
For: Certiorari, Prohibitlon
and Injunction with
Application tbr Immediate
RestrainingOrder nnd Od.rer
Extrzordinzrn Legal and
Equit'rbleRelief
move tbr partralreconsideration f
Fcbruary 01'1, pon dre tbllorving
A. Section a(c)(4), which penalizes online libel' is
unconstitutional,' not only in regard to those who
receive or react to a postr but also in regard to the
In its Decision, he Honorable court upheld he constitutionality f online ibel, by
declaringhat section4(c) 4),which penaLzes nline ibel, s constirutionaln regard
to the originalauthorof a posg houghnot in regard o drosewho merely eceivedre
post or react o it. Petiuoners eg a secondook upon dle matter'
Article III. section4 of the 1987Constrtr-rtionf dre Philippines,whicl'rguarantees
freedom oF speech,of erpression,or oF the press,or the right of the people
peaceablyo assemble nd petitron he govemment or redress f grievances,hould
be read n conjunctionwith article 19 of the IntemationalCovenanton Civ and
7/22/2019 Motion for Partial Reconsideration (Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012)
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3.
Political ughts, o which the Philippiness z pany.Article 19 of the ICCPR similarly
$raranteesreespeeclr.
Intemational reaties hat thePhi[ppinesrattf-tes,r to which the Philippinesaccedes,
suchas ntemationalhumanrights treaties,ike the ICCPR,becomepart Philippine
laws through transformation.l t is a processuncler:rticlc VII, sectron21 of the
Constrtution,which provides that '[n]o treaty or intemational rgreement hall be
valid and etfectiveunlessconcurred n bv at least wo-thirdsof all the membersof
the Senrte.'
Increasingly,n its Decisionsnvoh.ing undamentalreedomsandhumanrights, his
I{onorable Court has cited andreliedon intemationalhumanrights reaties, rnd he
rich internatronal ase aw, and other intemationaldocuments,explarning }rem, n
interpretingcounterparthuman rights provisions n the i987 Constitutron of thc
Philippines.'?etitionersassert hat this casecalls or a similar nterpretationof the
1987Constitutron f thePhrlippines.
In this regard, rticle19of the ICCPR statesn part:
2.Everl 'onehal l rre the ight o ieedom iexpresston:his rglr t h,r l l
include reedom o scek, eceive nd mpart nfbrmiitionrrncldeasoi'; l
krnds, eg:rdless f frontiers.eitheror.:rlh'.n rvriting or in pnnq in the tbrm
of art,or tlrough anv othermedi'roi hischorce.
6. In aplaining artide 19 of the ICCPR *re Lnited Nations Human fughts
Committee,dre bod.r chargedwr*r the dutv to supenise he implementationof the
ICCP\ hasstated:
47. Defamation aws must be crattedwith care o ensure hat they comply
with paragraph , and that drey do not serve,n practice,o stiflefreedomof
expression. ll such aws, n partrcular enaldefamationarvs, hould nclude
sucl-r efences s the defenceof trudr.and they shouldnot be applied vith
regard o those forms of expression iat arenot, of d-reirnature,subject o
verification. At least .*-ith regard to comments about public figures,
consideration hould be grven o avoidingpenalizingor odrerwise endering
unlawful untrue statements hat have been published n error but without
malice. n any event, a public interest n the subjectmatter of d.recriticismshould be recognized s a defence.Careshouldbe t:rkenby St2ltes arties o
avoid excessively uniuve measures nd penalties.Where relevant,States
partiesshouldplace easonableimits on dre requirementor a defend'anto
reimbursehe expenses f the successful arty.States artlesshouldconsider
the decrimina.lizationf def-amationand,in any case,he applicatronof the
criminal aw should only be countenancedn the most seriousoi cases nd
imprisonments neveran appropriateenaliv.t is impermissibleor a State
party to indict a person or criminal defamationbut drennot to proceed o
trral expedrtrously such a practicehas a chilling efl-ect hat may unduly
' PharmacwticalndHealthCarc ssociatioxf hePhi/)ppitus,Heath ecrenry,G.R.O. 173034, October2007.' See, or example,Sendary fNationalDefenseMana/0,G.R.No. 180906, October2008;andRalon
uTagitit,G.R.No. 182:198,December2009.
n
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restrict the exercise f freedomoi expression t the personconcernedand
others.'(emphasisurs)
7. The UN Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of the fugllt to
Preedom oi Opinion and Expression has cl:rrit-redurther:
72.'the
Special R,rpporteur remrins conccmed thirt lcgitimrrtc onlint:
expression s being criminalized n contrilyention of States'.nternationnl
human rights obligations, rvhether it rs through tl.re rpplication-oi
cxisting
criminal larvs to online expression, or d-rrough dle creation oi nerv lltrvs
specificallv lesignedo crimtnrlizeexpression n the Internct. Such arvsare
otlen justit-iedzrsbeing necess^q'to protect indir-iduals' reputrtion, nationrll
securitv or to counter terrorism. IIo*'ever, ir.r practice, thcv are ficquentll'
used o censorcontent that the Govemment irnd othcr porveriul entitiescl o
not like or asreervitlr.
73.The
SpecialRapporteur reiterates the call to all States to decriminrrlize
detamatron.Addition'all,v,he underscores thiit protection oi nirtion'rl securttv
or countenng terronsrn clnnot bc used to iustifv restricting the rigl.rt to
expressionunless it cm lte clemonstrirtccl hlt: (ir) the expression s intended
to incite imminent violence; (b) it is likclv to incite such r-iolence; ancl (c)
there is a direct and immediateconnection benvccn ie cxprcssion ntl the
hkc l :hood r occur renc( l 'such to lcnct o
(emphirsisours)
Besides, in Administratire Circular No. 08-2008, this Honorable Court 69[- l.rirs
declterl 21n
emergent
rule of preterence tbr the imposition oi fine onlyrather drrn
imprisonment in libel cases.'This Honorable Court h:rs thus instructed th:rt'All
courts and juclgesconcerned should hencetbrd.rtake note oi dle foregoing rule of
preferenceset bv the Supreme Court on the matter of the imposrtion of penalties br
tl.recrime of libel.'
9. The penaltv f imprisonmentbr online ibelundersection'l(c)J-rolzrtcsteespeecl1,
asguaranteedy article II, section oithe 1987Constinrtion,ead n coniunction
r.vitharticle19 of the ICCPR. Furtl.rermore,ection't(c)-t oesagainsthis Flonorable
Court'sorvnpreterenceor not imposing penaltv i imprisonmentn libelcrrses'
pret-erenceerhapsnspiredbv nothing essdran he constitutionztluarttntee f tree
speeclr. he questionedarvdepartsrom this I Ionor;rbleCor.rrt's osition rviceover'
Not onl,v s tl.rere penaltvof imprisonmentn the questionetlarv,but this penaltv
of imprisonment s l.rear-ier y 1009i, htrn tl-l^t tbr libel uncler he RevisedPen',tl
Code.
3UnitedNatior]sHumafl RightsCommittee,Gene[alCommentNo. 3'1,12 September 011,UN Doc
ccPR/c/GC/34. See2lsoRepo .t f theHumzr Rightscorlrnittee (2013),UN Doc A/rr8l.+t-)''ol. I).o
Reportof the SpecialRapporteuton the Promotion andProtection .rf he Right to F-r,eetlomf C)pinit.'n
zurdExpression, tank La Rue,16NIa,v 011,UN Doc .\/F{RC/17/27. The SpecialRapporteur san
ildepericlent rpert appoirtedby the UN HumanRightsCoutcil to exiur.rinetrcl cpor-t 2rck u his specifjc
hrunan ights herle. He ultir.r.utelyraces is authorin* o dreUN Charter',o s'-hich hc Phiiippiness a partv.
7/22/2019 Motion for Partial Reconsideration (Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012)
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10. The questionedawhasa partrcularly hillingeFFectn online ournalism.Thesedays,
not only will a joumalist'swork be publishedusing traditionalmedia,but it rvill be
madeavarlable n the internet.Through the internet,drepeopleareable o respond
and discuss, sing a variew of socialplatForms, uchas facebookand twiner.'l'he
importance of the internet as an interactivemedium for lournalistsha^s teadily
grown. It l.ras ecomea powerfultool by which iournalists an engagehe peopleas
partnersn the searchor tl.reruth. The SpecialRapporteur asstatedn this regard:
19.\rery few if zrnydevelopments in information technologieshive hrd sucl.r
a revolutionary effect as the creation of dle Internet. Unlike any other
medium of communication, such as radio, television andpnnte d publications
based on one-way transmission of informanon, d1e Intemet represents ir
significant leap forward as an interactive medium. Indeed, with dre advent of
Web 2.0 services, or intermediary platforms that t-acilitate participatory
information sharing and collaboration in the cre'ation of content, individuals
are no longer passive recipients, but also active publishers of intbrmauon.
Such platforms are partrcularly valuable in countries where there is no
independent media, as they enable individuals to share critical views and to
find objectrve infbrmalon. Furthermore, producers oi tradition'al media can
also use the Intemet to greatly expand their audiencesat nominal cost' N{ore
generally, by enablihg individuals to exchange intbrmation and ideas
instantaneouslyand inexpensively acrossnational bortlers, d.re ntemet allovs
access o information and knowledge that was previously unattainable.This,
in turn, contributes to the discovery of the truth and progress of society as ir
whole.
B. Sections 14, 15,24 a:nd26(a) do violate separation of
powers, as iudicial and legislative Powers are undulydelegated to the Secretary of Justice, PNP, NBI and
crcc.
In its Decisron, this Honorable Court found no undue delegation of powers. I3ut
Congress, in enacting the Cybercrime Law, upconstitution'ally delegated powers to
respondents Secretaryof Justrce,Philippine Nationai Police and National Bureau ot
Investigatron,that Congtess tself does not posscss.
RespondentsPNP and NBI, collectrvelyreferred to as 'law enforcement authorities,'
are delegated udicial por.versunder section 14 to issueorder(s)
requiring any person
or service provider to disclose or submit subscriber's information, traffic data or
relevant data in his/its possession or control widrin seventy two (72) hours from
receipt of the order in relation to a valid complaint.' Such an order would partake of
the nature of a subpoena,whicl.r s a ludicial process.
Respondent Cybercrime Investigation and Coordinating Center is given the power to
formulate and implement the natronal cybersecurityplan under section 24. 'lhere are
no paraneters, nor standards, to guide respondent CICC in tbrmulatrng it. Such a
delegation is unconstitutional, for it amounts to an abdicatron of the legislative
1 .
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5
powerto formulatepolicy n favorot an administrauve gency, hich would only be
mandatedo enforceanv suchpolicy.
Whetefore, t is respectfullyprayed hat the Decisionbe reconsidered, nd online libel rn
sectlon4(c)'+be declared nconstitutionaln regard o the origrnalauthor:and sections14, 15,24
and 26(z)be similarly nvalidatedbr violatingseparation f powers,as undueclelegationf judicial
and egrslatrveowers.Petitioners ray for other relief iustandequitable nder he premises.
QuezonCity for Manila;12March2014.
FREE LEGAL ASSISTANCE GROUP(Fr.AG)
Counsel [or Petitioners
JOSEMANUEL
r. DTOKNOPABLITOV, SANIDADRICARDO A. SUNGAIII
BY:
RIC
IBP No. 956517-QC.2-6-l-tPTR No. 93308D,QC, 2-et+
MCLE E-rernptiono. I\- fr)02,19.asig 1_0J_12
Unit 408-\CL Suites72 13- AvenueCubaoQuezonCitl.- 109
Email ncartir: -"un:1".r{i,)} hqr}-rac:Cellular+ 63917 542124
Copy umished:
THE SOLICITOR GENERALCounselor allPublicRespondents134AmorsoloStreet,egaspi illageMakatiCity
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O \. SUA-G.\ IIoll No. J0036
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Diliman,QuezonCity
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6d'Floor, TuscanBuilding114V.A. RufuroStreet,\{akatiCity
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This Petition was served on the respondents by registered mail because of time, personnel andgeographicalconcems and constraints; disance involved as well as lack of manpower to cause service bypersonaldelivery constrahed counsel to causesen'iceby registeredmail.
, , a -
/UXwRICARITOA"5I.]0{6AUI
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AFFIDA\rIT OF SERVICE
I, PA{;b1wt thtg2 of legal age, do herebyslare under oath rhat: On 46gq3served opiesof the Motion for Reconsiderationn 'National
Union of Journalists f thePhilippines, r,risV.Teodoro,RowenaCatrntzaPuaan, ArielSebellino, t al.v. The ExecutiveSecretiuy, t a1.' y regrstercdmail
on drefollowing,as shownby the rcspective €gistry eceiptdetails:
THE E)GCUTIVE SECRETARYMalacanaog alace,Manila
THE SECRETARY OFJUSTICEDepartnent f-lusticePadreFautaStreet,Ermita,N,tanila
THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIORAND I,OCAL GOVERNMENTDepartment f the Interiorand tocal Govemment, . FralciscoGold CondominiurnI, EDSA comer Mapagmahaltreet.Quezorciry
THE DIRECTOR GENERALPHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICEHeadquarters, hilippineNationalPolice
CampCrame,QuezonCity
THE DIRECTOR. NATIONAL BUREAUOF INVESTIGATIONHeadquarters,ational ureau f Investigation,aft.{r,'eoue,Uanila
THE CYBERCRIME INVESTIGATIONAND COORDINATING CENTERc/o 1-he Executive Director, Iaformation and C.ommunicatroosTechnologyOf6ce, NCC Building C.P. Garcia Ar-enue- )iliman.
QuezonCiq'
THE SOLICITORGENERAL134 -1mo6olo Street, kgaspi \inage
Itakati Gqv
T '
QuezonCity, Nla:ch201,1.
to me competentproofof identityas ndicatecl bove.
TIN #Issuedn/at
SUBSCRTBEDND SWORNTO before " #112J9't March2014, ffianthaving resentect
REG. RECEIPT NO.
POS'I 'OFFICE:
Date:
REG. ITECEIPTNO.POST OFFICE:
Date:
REG. RECEIPT NO.POST OFFICE:Date:
REC. RECEIPT NO.POST OFFICE:
Date:
REG. IiECEIPT NO.
POSTOFFICE:Datei
RFG. RECEIPT NO.
POSTOFFICE:Date:
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