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Transcript of MoST - China Science & Technology Databook - 2007
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MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
CHINA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY STA
DATA
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MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
CHINA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY STADATA
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CONTENTS
I.
R&D Expenditure
1-1 R&D20012006
Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D
1-2 R&D2006
GERD by source of funds and sector of performance
1-3 R&D2006GERD by type of activity
1-4 R&D2006
High-technology industry expenditure on R&D and as a percentage of value added
1-5 R&D2006
GERD by region
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II.
Government S&T Appropriation
2-1 20012006
Government S&T appropriation
2-2 20012006
Government S&T appropriation by management category
2-3 19962006
Central and local government S&T appropriation
2-4 2006
Local government S&T appropriation by region
III.
Human Resource in Science and Technology
3-1 20012006
S&T personnel and R&D personnel
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3-2 R&D2006
R&D personnel by sector of performance and by type of activity
3-3 R&D2006
R&D personnel by region
3-4 20052006
National students in regular institutions of higher education by field of study
3-5 20012006
Overseas Chinese students and returnees
IV.
Output Indicators4-1 20052006
Patent applications filed and patents granted by SIPO
4-2 20032006
Domestic service invention patents by sector
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4-3 20012006
Domestic S&T papers by type of institution
4-4 20012006
Chinese S&T papers indexed by SCI, EI and ISTP
V.
High Technology
5-1 20012006
National imports and exports of high-tech products
5-2 2006
National imports and exports of high-tech products by field5-3 20012006
Main economic indicators of high-tech industry in total
5-4 2006
Main economic indicators of high-tech industries
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VI.
International Comparison
6-1 R&D
GERD in selected countries6-2 R&D
GERD in selected countries by sector of performance
6-3 R&D
GERD in selected countries by type of activity
6-4 R&D
R&D personnel in selected countries
6-5 2005Invention patents granted in selected countries
6-6 2006
S&T papers indexed by SCI, EI and ISTP in selected countries
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GDP Gross Domestic Product GERD Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D R&D
R&D Research and Development
S&T Science and Technology
Note: Data on expenditures on and personnel
engaged in S&T or R&D activities in this book include
those of small industrial enterprises, enterprises
or institutions of construction, transportation, post
and communications industries, agriculture and
medical care institutions, as well as R&D institutions
subordinated to government departments, large and
medium-sized enterprises and institutions of higher
education.
Abbreviations
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I. R&D Expenditure
2007CHINA SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY STATISTICS
DATA BOOK
1
R&D Expenditure
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I. R&D Expenditure
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
R&D042.5 287.6 59.6 966. 2450.0
GERD00 million yuan
R&D/%0.95 .07 . .2 .
GERD/GDP%
- R&D2002006
Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D
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I. R&D Expenditure
R&D9962006
Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D
Current price Comparable price
100 million yuan
500
000
2500
2000
500
000
500
0
996 997 998 999 2000 200 2002 200 2004 2005
404509 55
679
896042
288
540
966
2450
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I. R&D Expenditure
-2 R&D2006
GERD by source of funds and sector of performance
Performance sectors
48.2 96.8 5.5 2.6 7
Government
7. 946.0 0.2 9.2 20
Business
2.6 4.8 .8 0.2 Abroad
66. 50.0 20. 2.5
Others
567. 24.5 276.8 24.5 0
Total
TSource of funds
Others
Research
institutes
Business
Higher
education
100 m
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I. R&D Expenditure
R&D2006
GERD by source of funds and by sector of performance
Government
Business
By source of funds By sector of perfo
Abroad
Others
Research institutes
Business
69.%
.6% 4.6%
24.7%
7.%
9.2% 0.8%
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I. R&D Expenditure
Applied research Experimental de
0 20 40 60 80
- R&D2006
GERD by type of activity
Basic research
Total
Research institutes
Higher education
Business
5.2 16.8 78.0
12.0 34.6 53.5
25.8 49.6 24.6
0.6 7.6 91.7
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I. R&D Expenditure
-4 R&D2006
High-technology industry expenditure on R&D and as a percentage o
55.4 2.4
Total manufacturing
456.4 4.54
High-technology industries
. .82
Aircraft and spacecraft
72.9 .45Computers and office equipments
276.9 5.4
Electronic and telecommunication equipments
20.7 2.67
Medical equipments and meters
52.6 2.9
Pharmaceuticals
R&D
R&D expenditure100 million yuan
%
As a percentagevalue added
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I. R&D Expenditure
R&D2006
High-technology industry expenditure on R&D and
as a percentage of value added 100 million yuan
500
450
400
50
00
250
200
50
00
50
0
456.4
4.54
.82
.
.45
72.9
5.4
276.9
20.7
2.67
52
2.9
High-technology
industries
Aircraft and spacecraft
Computers and
office equipments
Electronic and
telecommunication
equipments
Medical equipments and
meters
Pharmac
As a percentage of value addedR&D R&D expenditure
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I. R&D Expenditure
-5 R&D2006
GERD by region
Total 00.
Beijing 4.0 Shanghai 258.8
Tianjin 95.2 Jiangsu 46.
Hebei 76.7 Zhejiang 224.0
Shanxi 6. Anhui 59.
Inner Mongolia 6.5 Fujian 67.4
Liaoning 5.8 Jiangxi 7.8
Jilin 40.9 Shandong 24.
Heilongjiang 57.0 Henan 79.8
100 m
RegionR&D
R&D expenditure RegionR&D
R&D expendi
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II. Government S&T Appropriation
-5 R&D2006
GERD by regioncont.
Hubei 94.4 Yunnan 20.9
Hunan 5.6 Tibet 0.5
Guangdong .0 Shaanxi 0.4
Guangxi 8.2 Gansu 24.0
Hainan 2. Qinghai .
Chongqing 6.9 Ningxia 5.0
Sichuan 07.8 Xinjiang 8.5
Guizhou 4.5
100 m
RegionR&D
R&D expenditure RegionR&D
R&D expendi
I. R&D Expenditure
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II. Government S&T Appropriation
2007CHINA SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY STATISTICS
DATA BOOK
2
Government S&T Appropriat
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II. Government S&T Appropriation
2-2002006
Government S&T appropriation
*
The debt is not included in the total govt. expenditure.
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Government S&T appropriation 70. 86.2 944.6 095. 4.9
00 million yuan
*%.7 .7 .8 .8 .9
Share in total govt. expenditure%
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II. Government S&T Appropriation
9962006
Government S&T appropriation 100 million yuan
996 997 998 999 2000 200 2002 200 2004 2005 2
800
500
200
900
600
00
0
49
409 49544 576
70
86
945
095
5
6
Current price Comparable price
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II. Government S&T Appropriation
2-22002006
Government S&T appropriation by management category
100 m
70. 86.2 944.6 095. 4.9
Government S&T appropriation
59.6 98.6 46.6 484.0 609.7
Special project funds for S&T
22. 269.9 00.8 5.9 89. Operating funds
6.4 70.0 80.2 95.9 2.5
Capital funds
57.2 77.8 47.0 79.5 22.6
Others
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
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II. Government S&T Appropriation
2-9962006
Central and local government S&T appropriation
100 million yuan
996 997 998 999 2000 200 2002 200 2004 2005 200
200
900
600
00
0
Central
Local06 4 49
88226 259
05 640
527
6
24 275290
56 50444
5609
692
808
00
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II. Government S&T Appropriation
2-42006
Local government S&T appropriation by region
m
Total 67876 2.22
Beijing 6049 4.66 Shanghai 9489
Tianjin 828 2.79 Jiangsu 544
Hebei 46 .4 Zhejiang 6288
Shanxi 808 0.88 Anhui 887
Inner Mongolia 789 0.97 Fujian 55
Liaoning 452 2.4 Jiangxi 596
Jilin 849 .8 Shandong 409
Heilongjiang 55 .40 Henan 76
Region A B% Region A B
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II. Government S&T Appropriation
ALocal Govt. S&T appropriation.
BPercentage ofAin total local govt. expenditure.
2-42006
Local government S&T appropriation by regioncont.m
Hubei 625 .55 Yunnan 8
Hunan 426 .4 Tibet 90
Guangdong 040 4.08 Shaanxi 026
Guangxi 927 .27 Gansu 49
Hainan 69 0.86 Qinghai 47
Chongqing 749 .26 Ningxia 95
Sichuan 457 .08 Xinjiang 75
Guizhou 76 .25
Region A B% Region A B
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II. Government S&T Appropriation
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III. Human Resource in Science and Technology
2007CHINA SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY STATISTICS
DATA BOOK
3
Human Resource in
Science and Technology
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III. Human Resource in Science and Technology
Business
Research institutes
Higher education
Others
Basic research
Applied research
Experimental developme
65.7%
2.7%
5.4%
6.% 9.9%
7.%
8.7%
-2 R&D2006
R&D personnel by sector of performance and by type of activity
By sector of performance By type of activity
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III. Human Resource in Science and Technology
- R&D2006
R&D personnel by region 1,000 p
Total 502.47
Beijing 68.40 Shanghai 80.20
Tianjin 7.6 Jiangsu 8.88
Hebei 4.74 Zhejiang 02.76
Shanxi 8.77 Anhui 29.88
Inner Mongolia 4.75 Fujian 40.24
Liaoning 69.05 Jiangxi 25.80
Jilin 28.46 Shandong 96.64
Heilongjiang 45.07 Henan 59.69
RegionR&D
R&D personnel RegionR&D
R&D personn
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III. Human Resource in Science and Technology
- R&D2006
R&D personnel by regioncont.
1,000 p
Hubei 62.0 Yunnan 6.0
Hunan 9.75 Tibet .0
Guangdong 47.2 Shaanxi 59.46
Guangxi 8.94 Gansu 6.70
Hainan .2 Qinghai 2.6
Chongqing 26.8 Ningxia 4.4
Sichuan 68.58 Xinjiang 7.4
Guizhou 0.74
Region RegionR&D
R&D personnel
R&D
R&D personn
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III. Human Resource in Science and Technology
2005 2006
-420052006
National students in regular institutions of higher education by field of
1,
Graduates Enrolments Graduates Enrolm
Undergraduates 068.0 567.8 774.7 78
Science 64.9 967.9 97.2 04
Engineering 09.0 5477.2 4.7 64
Agriculture 69.5 08. 77.2
Medicine 202.6 2.2 25. 26
Administration 506.2 2780.4 656. 2
Philosophy . 6. .4
Economics 6.0 857.8 204.0 92
Law 6.5 697.2 86.2 7
Education 280. 022.7 22. 02
Literature 45.2 28.7 524.8 264
History 0.7 49.4 0.6 5
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III. Human Resource in Science and Technology
Science
Engineering
Agriculture
Medicine
Administration
Philosophy
Economics
Law
Education
Literature
History
2006
Graduates from regular institutions of higher education by field of study
5.54%
2.05%6.7%
7.8%
0.04%
5.40%
4.9%
8.54%
.90%
0.28%5.22%
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III. Human Resource in Science and Technology
-52002006
Overseas Chinese students and returnees
10,0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
8.4 2.5 .7 .5 .9
Overseas Chinese students
.2 .8 2.0 2.5 .5
Returnees
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IV. Output Indicators
2007CHINA SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY STATISTICS
DATA BOOK
4
Output Indicators
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IV. Output Indicators
*SIPO State Intellectual Property Office of the Peoples Republic of China.
2005
Total Domestic Foreign
2006
Total Domestic Fo
4-20052006
Patent applications filed and patents granted by SIPO*
Patent applications 476264 857 907 5778 47042 0
Invention 727 9485 79842 20490 228 8
Utility model 9566 8085 48 666 59997
Design 67 5587 784 2022 88027
Patents granted 2400 769 4284 268002 22860 4
Invention 505 20705 2600 57786 25077
Utility model 7949 787 22 07655 062
Design 849 72777 8572 0256 9247
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IV. Output Indicators
9962006
Patent applications filed and patents granted by SIPO 10,000 cases
996 997 998 999 2000 200 2002 200 2004 2005
70
60
50
40
0
20
0
0
0. .4
4.4 5.
2.2
6.80.0.4
7.
0.5
20.4
.4
25.
.2
0.8
8.2
5.4
9.0
47.6
2.
Patent applications Patents granted
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IV. Output Indicators
4-22002006
Domestic service invention patents by sector
Patent applications Patents grant
47 4750 62270 8485 6895 276 476
Total
7704 968 464 72 70 484 445
Higher education
47 454 6726 6845 677 2406 242 Research institutes
2858 27029 4096 56455 82 628 772
Business
458 495 705 87 06 58 7
Other organizations
2003 2004 2005 2006 2003 2004 2005
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IV. Output Indicators
2006
Domestic service invention patents by sector
Patent applications Patents granted
Higher education
Research institutes
Business
Other organizations
69.%
.%2.2%
8.4%
5.%
.2%
.9%
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IV. Output Indicators
4-2002006
Domestic S&T papers by type of institution
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Total 20229 288 274604 77 55070
Higher education 2608 57984 8902 2470 24609
Research institutes 29085 28779 02 404 80
Business 4452 607 5489 67 404
Medical institution 976 2562 242 569 52
Others 748 05 848 620 5995
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IV. Output Indicators
Total 64526 7795 952 56 574 7
SCI 5685 40758 49788 5777 68226 7
EI 8578 2224 24997 500 5462 6
ISTP 026 4 8567 20479 0786
4-42002006
Chinese S&T papers indexed by SCI, EI and ISTP
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2
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IV. Output Indicators
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V. High Technology
2007CHINA SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY STATISTICS
DATA BOOK
5
High Technology
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V. High Technology
464.5 678.6 0.2 65.6 282.5
Exports of high-tech products
%7.5 20.8 25.2 27.9 28.6
Share in total exports%
%9.4 22.8 27. 29.9 0.6
Share in industrial manufactured exports%
64. 828.4 9.0 6.4 977.
Imports of high-tech products
%26. 28. 28.9 28.7 0.0
Share in total imports%
%2.4 .7 5. 6. 8.6
Share in industrial manufactured imports%
5-2002006
National imports and exports of high-tech products
USD
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
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V. High Technology
9962006
National imports and exports of high-tech products
Exports Imports Balance
USD 100 million
-98
996 997 998 999 2000 200 2002 200 2004 2005
000
2500
2000
500
000
500
0
-500
-76 -90 -29 -55 -77 -50 -90
27225 6 29 20 292 247
76 70525 465
64 679828
09
6546
282977
2054
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V. High Technology
Total 2845 247299 4
Computers and telecommunications 224898 7069 54
Life science technologies 642 58
Electronics 6004 087 -94
Computer-integrated manufacturing 2862 9629 -6
Aerospace 246 58 -0
Opto-electronics 7070 4094 2
Biotechnology 256 54
Materials 272 4025 -2
Other technologies 0 22
5-22006
National imports and exports of high-tech products by field
Exports Imports Ba
U
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V. High Technology
Gross industrial output 226 5099 20556 27769 467
Value added 095 769 504 64 828
Revenue from principal business 205 464 2042 27846 922
Profits 688 74 97 245 42
Taxes and profits 08 66 465 784 2090
Export 4282 6020 9098 48 766
5-2002006Main economic indicators of high-tech industry in total
100 m
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
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V. High Technology
5-42006
Main economic indicators of high-tech industries
Gross industrial Value added Revenue from Profits T
output principal business
828 24 799 46
Aircraft and spacecraft
25 2 264 276
Computers and office equipments
228 58 2069 886
Electronic and telecommunication equipments
242 777 264 96
Medical equipments and meters
509 808 479 7
Pharmaceuticals
100 m
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VI. International Comparison
International Comparison
2007CHINA SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY STATISTICS
DATA BOOK
6
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VI. International Comparison
USD 100 million
6- R&D
GERD in selected countries
OECD2007/1
Source: MOST, Main Science & Technology Indicators 2007/1 (OECD), RICYT, UNESCO.
R&D GERD GERD/GDP
47
2.6
.
5
686
2.46
2.
45 96
.78
77250
.42
.97
26 89
.0 .07
82 7
0
500
000
2500
2000
500
000
500
0
2.99
USA
2006
Japan
2005
Germany
2005
France
2005
UK
2005
China
2006
Canada
2006
Korea
2005
Italy
2004
Russia
2005
Brazil
2005
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VI. International Comparison
%
6-2 R&D
GERD in selected countries by sector of performance
OECD2007/1
Source: MOST, Main Science & Technology Indicators 2007/1 (OECD).
OthersResearch institutes Business Higher education
00
80
60
40
20
0China
2006
USA
2006
Japan
2005
Germany
2005
France
2005
UK
2004
Canada
2006
Russia
2005
8.9
7.
9.2
0.8
. 4.4.
70.76.5
8. .4
.9
69.
.9
6.9
0
7. 9.5
.2
6.9 6.6
0.6
25.6
2.2
52.4
8.8
8.4
0.5 0.2
26.
68.0
5.8
7
.9
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VI. International Comparison
OECDR&D2005
Source: MOST, Eurostat, Research & Development Statistics 2005 (OECD).
6- R&D
GERD in selected countries by type of activity
Korea200
Russia200
France200
Japan200
USA2004
China2006
Basic research Applied research Experimental developmen
4.5 20.8 64.7
5. 5.6 69.4
24. 6.2 9.7
. 22.4 64.
8.7 2. 60.0
5.2 6.8 78.0
20 40 60 80
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VI. International Comparison
1,000 person-years
6-4R&D
R&D personnel in selected countries
R&D R&D personnel R&D R&D personnel per 10,000 labor force
China
2006
Japan
2005
Germany
2005
France
2004
Canada
2004
Italy
2004
Russia
2005
600
400
200
000
800
600
400
200
0
9
92.2
9
5
47.7
52.5
29
6
99. 64.0
67
99.7
24
2
502.5
OECD2007/1
Source: MOST, Main Science & Technology Indicators 2007/1 (OECD).
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VI. International Comparison
6-52005
Invention patents granted in selected countries
20705 7467 088 549 9447 084 5 97 6 75
Domestic
2600 6969 856 2009 94 979 4005 2470 986 6408
Foreign
505 4806 22944 752 290 706 556 84 0979 059
Total
4 2 5 6 7 8 9 0
Rank
*2004
Data for 2004.
2007
SourceWIPO, Industrial Property Statistics (2007).
*
China USA Japan Korea Russia Germany Canada France Australia UK
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VI. International Comparison
6-62006
S&T papers indexed by SCI, EI and ISTP in selected countries
SCIEI & ISTP SCI
Total 2052288 00.00 2207 00.00
China 7878 8.7 2 784 5.87
USA 590807 28.79 78690 .24
Japan 48887 7.25 88486 7.0
UK 8678 6.76 4 97942 8.08
Germany 4577 6.56 5 88850 7.
France 9822 4.57 6 6565 5.08
Italy 7866 .8 7 50546 4.7
Canada 77299 .77 8 54 4.24
Russia 46 2.0 20 .90
India 470 2.0 2 027 2.50
Country % Paper Rank %Paper
VI I t ti l C i
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VI. International Comparison
5
5888670
5888670
00862
www.sts.org.cn
8
58884578
58884570
0008
Department of Development Planning
Ministry of Science and TechnologyPRC
ADD5 B, Fuxing Road, Beijing, China
Tel+86-0-5888670
Fax+86-0-5888670
Post Code00862
E-mail: [email protected]
STSC Website: www.sts.org.cn
Center for S&T Statistic Analysis
ADDNo. 8 Yuyuantannan Road, Haidian District, Beijing,
Tel+86-0-58884578
Fax+86-0-58884570
Post Code0008
E-mail: [email protected]
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MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA