MOSH/MOAH - Update on the new EU-Commission Guideline …...Mineral oils – media . Several tests...

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Contaminants: MOSH/MOAH - Update on the new EU-Commission

Guideline for the Monitoring Programme

Markus Paul

08.10.2019

Mineral oils – introduction

1991 First analytical steps to analyze food contamination by mineral oil material from printed cardboard in Switzerland

1997 Mineral oil material in canned foods, K. Grob, M. Huber, U. Boderius., and M. Bronz, Food Additives and Contaminants 14 (1997) 83 – 88

1997 Determination of food contamination by mineral oil material from printed cardboard using online coupled LC-GC-FID, Ch. Droz and K. Grob, Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch. 205 (1997) 239 – 241

2009 Opinion of German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) regarding mineral oils

2011 First draft of a German mineral oil regulation 2012 Decision-making process of Federal Ministry for Food and

Agriculture (BMEL) 2 Eurofins Anuga Firewall Seminar: Contaminants - MOSH/MOAH

Mineral oils – media

Several tests of consumer organisations and test magazines tested for mineral oils in 2010 rice (Ökotest)

potato products (Stiftung Warentest) 2011 tea (Ökotest) 2012 advent calendar, sunflower oil (Stiftung Warentest) 2013 advent calendar, chocolate (Stiftung Warentest) 2014 oatmeal, nuts and oilseeds, high quality oils (Ökotest)

Chocolate candy (Stiftung Warentest) 2015 flour, advent calendar (Ökotest)

bakery bags, spaghetti, stollen (Stiftung Warentest) 2015 Mineral oil campaign of Foodwatch

3 Eurofins Anuga Firewall Seminar: Contaminants - MOSH/MOAH

Mineral oils – media

Eurofins Anuga Firewall Seminar: Contaminants - MOSH/MOAH 4

Mineral oils – definition

Mineral oils of: MOSH (mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons) C10-C16: 12 mg/kg in food (BfR recommendation XXXVI) C17-C20: 4 mg/kg in food acc. to a recommendation of the

toxicological committee of BfR C20-C35: 2 mg/kg as Migration into food acc. to last status of

German mineral oil regulation



Closely related: POSH (polyolefin oligomeric saturated hydrocarbons) Oligomers of polyethylene and Polypropylene Analytically difficult to separate from MOSH Can migrate to food Limits also applicable for POSH?



Mineral oils consists: MOAH (mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons) (poly)aromatic hydrocarbons highly complex mixtures contain potentially carcinogenic substances consequently migration should be ALARA ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) DE: discussed limit (22. amendment of German BedarfsgegenständeVO)

0.5 mg/kg food compromise, recycling


Mineral oils – sources

Eurofins Anuga Firewall Seminar: Contaminants - MOSH/MOAH

Printing inks of daily newspapers are of low purity

(~15 – 20% MOAH)

Detection of mineral oils in food

Via paper recycling mineral oils may be

entered into the food chain

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Sources: foodwatch.org, Plusminus (www.ndr.de), Augsburger Allgemeine

Mineral oils – sources


Transport and packaging

Ubiquitous

Farming

Harvesting

Processing (drying …)

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LV - LC/GC - FID


Migration test in Tenax

Tenax

Fractioning (Seperation into MOSH MOAH)

Migration cell

GC – FID Analytics

Extraction

Food

Packaging

10

LV - LC/GC - FID


MOSH

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Source: M. Biedermann, K. Grob, Eur Food Res Technol, 2010, 230 (5), 785-796

LV - LC/GC - FID


Cereals: 16 laboratories Rice: 20 laboratories

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Source: M. Funk et al Food Add. Cont. A, 2018, 35 (2), 305-315

GC/GC - FID


GC-GC-coupling

harbour region

13

Source: M. Biedermann, K. Grob, J. Chrom. A, 2015, 1375, 146-153

Dose in mg/kg feed

Liver (mg/kg)

Spleen (mg/kg)

Fat (mg/kg)

40 220 32 13 400 1604 202 95

4000 5511 383 274

Risk assessment POSH

Feeding study on rats with different mineral oil mixtures and determination of accumulation in different tissue types

Accumulation of paraffins in liver tissue

Granulomas in liver tissue

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Relatively higher accumulation at lower

feeding doses!


Source: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2903/sp.efsa.2017.EN-1090/pdf

55 3,8 2,7 551 38 27

JRC Guidance Rec. 2017/84 - 28th February 2019


Source: http://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC115694/kjna29666enn_2.pdf


Description of the mineral oil hydrocarbons Definition of the measurands Background of MOH analysis Outline of the analytical approach Verification of the method performance Quantification Performance requirements of the analytical methods Reporting of results



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Belgian action thresholds

Advice 19-2017 of the Scientific Committee of the Belgian Federal Agency for the safety of the food chain (FASFC) on action thresholds for mineral oil hydrocarbons in food


Source: http://www.afsca.be/scientificcommittee/opinions/2017/_documents/Advice19-2017.pdf

German orientation values for mineral oil hydrocarbons (MOH) in foodstuffs

Working Group of the Federal States for Consumer Protection Working Group on Food Contact Materials, Wines and Cosmetics (ALB) The German Federation of Food Law and Food Science (BLL) In line with the decision of the 13th Consumer Protection Minister (VSMK) in 2017, the guideline values may represent the starting point for further minimization efforts.



The key issues of the concept: Source independence Consideration of current data based on generally accepted analytical

methods Total fraction range C10 - C50

No consideration of exposure and toxicity Statistical analysis of the situation within a product group No legal or health assessment Accordingly, the values are recommendations and guidance for practice; by definition, they are not to be understood or applied as limit values.



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No. Product group food category

MOSH and

analogues [mg/kg] C10-C50

MOAH [mg/kg] C10-C50

Notes on application (notes on the food groups covered / on products not covered

and deferrals/ on justifications, database or other special features, if applicable)

1

Vegetable oils (such as rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, olive oil)

(except tropical vegetable oil/fats and

soya oil)

13 n.d.

these guidance values are not intended to be used for oils and fats derived from tropical plants

(e.g. coconut oil) due to insufficient statistical database (Dec 2018)

2

Bread and biscuits, fine bakery products, grain products and cereal-

based products, cereals

6 n.d. only applicable to final products for consumers; not for raw materials or raw dough

3

Confectionery (sugar confectionery other than

chewing gum), chocolate and cocoa-

based confectionery

9 n.d.


Milk and dairy Fruit and fruit products Meat and meat products / animal fat Herbs and spices Eggs and egg products

2


No. Product group food category

MOSH and

analogues [mg/kg] C10-C50

Belgian Action thresholds for

MOSH [mg/kg] C16-C35

1 Vegetable oils (such as rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, olive oil) (except tropical vegetable oil/fats and soya oil) 13 Animal and vegetable

fats and oils: 100

2 Bread and biscuits, fine bakery products, grain products and cereal-based products, cereals 6 Grains and grain-based

products: 15

3 Confectionery (sugar confectionery other than chewing gum), chocolate and cocoa-based confectionery 9 Sugar and

confectionary: 30

?

Contact


Eurofins Consumer Product Testing Am Neuländer Gewerbepark 4 21079 Hamburg Germany T: +49 40 49294-6849 E: [email protected]

Dr. Andreas Grabitz

Eurofins NDSC Food Testing Germany Neuländer Kamp 1a 21079 Hamburg Germany T: +49 171 8154583 E: [email protected]

Markus Paul

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Thank you for your attention

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

MOSH/MOAH - Update on the new EU-Commission Guideline …...Mineral oils – media . Several tests...

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