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Chapter 3

Community-Based Nursing Practice

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Community Health Nursing

• Focus on:– Needs of the population– Provision of direct care to subpopulations

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Vulnerable Populations

• Poor and homeless persons

• Abused clients

• Substance abusers

• Severely mentally ill persons

• Older adults

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Competencies in Community-Based Nursing

• Case manager

• Collaborator

• Educator

• Counselor

• Client advocate

• Change agent

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Community Assessment

• Structure– Name of community/neighborhood– Geographic boundaries– Environment– Water and sanitation– Housing– Economy

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Community Assessment (cont’d)

• Population– Age distribution– Sex distribution– Growth trends– Density– Education level– Predominant cultural and religious groups

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Community Assessment (cont’d)

• Social system– Education system– Government– Communication system– Transportation system– Welfare system– Volunteer programs– Health system

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Major Health Problems for Older Adults

• Hypertension

• Cancer

• Arthritis

• Sensory impairment

• Confusional states/Alzheimer’s disease

• Dental problems

• Drug use and substance abuse