Morphosyntactic accommodation in Spanish: methodological ...
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University Research Priority Program Language and Space Carlota de Benito Moreno, Maxine Hofstetter, Mary Paz Muñoz Romanisches Seminar, University of Zurich Morphosyntactic accommodation in Spanish: methodological challenges Accommodation and language change Spread of linguis0c features assumed to take place via face-to-face contact between speakers 1, 2, 3 . Repeated short-term accommoda/on (interac/on) > long-term accommoda/on > (if cri/cal mas) language change 3 Goal Understand the processes underlying morphosyntac0c short-term accommoda0on between speakers of different Spanish dialects. Study design (inspired by Ruch 2013-2018) Pilot study: 6 par0cipants (2 groups: female and male), 3 Spanish dialects. Par0cipants with similar social characteris0cs (all graduate students, similar ages). Within group, each par0cipant (typically in 2 days): 1) was interviewed individually (“non-contaminated” speech), 2) had a conversa0on with another par0cipant (interac0on with one dialect), 3) was immediately interviewed alone (speech aJer interac0on), 4) had a conversa0on with another par0cipant (interac0on with another dialect), 5) was immediately interviewed alone (speech aJer interac0on). Methodological challenges 1. Researching morphosyntax 1. Opposite to phone0c features, morphosyntac0c features: 1. do not surface in reading tasks – semi-free speech is needed. 2. need large quan00es of speech to be observed. 2. Selec0on of features that show consistent varia0on across dialects: 1. Case-dis0nc0on in object pronouns (case-dis0nc0on in River Plate Spanish, gender- dis0nc0on in Cas0lian Spanish, generalised leísmo in Ecuadorian Spanish). 2. 2sg personal pronouns and verb-agreement (vos + etymologically 2pl verb forms in River Plate Spanish, tú + etymologically 2pl verb forms in River Plate Spanish, tú/vos + etymologically 2pl verb forms in Ecuadorian Spanish). 3. Finding par0cipants 1. Ecuadorian speakers were hard to find! 4. Design of the interviews 1. Elici0ng 2sg personal pronouns in individual interviews is especially difficult, since there is no clear interlocutor (the computer) – asking for anecdotes. 2. The last individual interview addressed percep0on of and a\tudes to own and others’ speech. 5. Conduc0ng the interviews 1. It is hard to speak to the computer! 2. Interven0on of interviewers turned out to be unavoidable. To keep this interven0on consistent, interviewers always spoke a different dialect than the interviewees. Previous literature – Short-term accommoda0on literature focuses (mostly) on the phone0c level 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 . – Literature on accommoda0on in Spanish focuses on long-term accommoda0on, mostly on the morphosyntac0c level 13, 14, 15, 16 . Next steps… - Transcrip0on of the interviews wit ELAN (underway). - Comparison of usage of pronouns before, during and aJer the conversa0ons. - Analysis of self-correc0ons during the conversa0ons. References 1. Bloomfield L. (1993). Language. New York: Holt and Co. 2. Trudgill, P. (1986). Dialects in Contact. Oxford & New York: Blackwell. 3. Auer, P., & Hinskens, F. (2005). “The role of interpersonal accommoda0on in a theory of language change”. In P. Auer, F. Hinskens, & P. Kerswill (Eds.), Dialect Change: Convergence and Divergence in European Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 335-357. 4. Pardo, J. S. (2006). “On phone0c convergence during conversa0onal interac0on”. The Journal of the Acous?cal Society of America, 119(4), 2382-2393. 5. Llamas, C., Wal, D., & Johnson, D. E. (2009). “Linguis0c accommoda0on and the salience of na0onal iden0ty markers in a border town”. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 28(4), 381-407. 6. Babel 2010 - Babel, M. (2010). “Dialect divergence and convergence in New Zealand English”. Language in Society, 39(4), 437-456. 7. Wal, D., Llamas, C., & Ezra Johnson, D. (2010). “Levels of linguis0c accommoda0on across a na0onal border”. Journal of English Linguis?cs, 38(3), 270-289. 8. Kim, M., Horton, W. S., & Bradlow, A. R. (2011). “Phone0c convergence in spontaneous conversa0ons as a func0on of interlocutor language distance”. Laboratory phonology, 2(1), 125-156. 9. Macleod, B. (2012). The Effect of Perceptual Salience on Phone?c Accommoda?on in Cross-Dialectal Conversa?on in Spanish. Ph. D. Thesis. University of Toronto. 10. Walker, A., & Campbell-Kibler, K. (2015). “Repeat what aJer whom? Exploring variable selec0vity in a cross-dialectal shadowing task”. Fron?ers in psychology, 6, 546. 11. O‘Rourke & Potowski 2016 - O’Rourke, E., & Potowski, K. (2016). Phone0c accommoda0on in a situa0on of Spanish dialect contact: Coda /s/ and /r̄/ in Chicago. Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguis?cs, 9(2), 355–399. 12. Ruch, Hanna (2018). “The role of acous0c distance and sociolinguis0c knowledge in dialect iden0fica0on”. Fron?ers in Psychology 9: 818. 13. Palacios Alcaine, A. (2007). “Cambios lingüís0cos de ida y vuelta : los 0empos de pasado en la variedad emergente de los migrantes ecuatorianos en España”. Revista Internacional de Linguis?ca Iberoamericana, 5(2), 109–125. 14. Molina 2010 - Molina Martos, I. (2010). “Procesos de acomodación lingüís0ca de la inmigración la0noamericana en Madrid”. Lengua y Migración, 2(2), 27–48. Mick & Palacios 2013 - Mick, C., & Palacios, A. (2013). Mantenimiento o sus0tución de rasgos lingüís0cos indexados socialmente: migrantes de zonas andinas en Lima. Lexis, 37(2), 341–380. 15. Romera, M., & Elordieta, G. (2013). “Prosodic accommoda0on in language contact: Spanish intona0on in Majorca”. Interna?onal Journal of the Sociology of Language, 221, 127–151. 16. Mick, C., & Palacios, A. (2013). “Mantenimiento o sus0tución de rasgos lingüís0cos indexados socialmente: migrantes de zonas andinas en Lima”. Lexis, 37(2), 341–380.
Transcript of Morphosyntactic accommodation in Spanish: methodological ...
University Research Priority Program Language and Space
Carlota de Benito Moreno, Maxine Hofstetter, Mary Paz Muñoz Romanisches Seminar, University of Zurich
Morphosyntactic accommodation in Spanish: methodological challenges
Accommodation and language change Spreadoflinguis0cfeaturesassumedtotakeplaceviaface-to-facecontactbetweenspeakers1,2,3.
Repeatedshort-termaccommoda/on(interac/on)>long-termaccommoda/on>(ifcri/calmas)languagechange3
Goal Understandtheprocessesunderlyingmorphosyntac0cshort-termaccommoda0onbetweenspeakersofdifferentSpanishdialects.
Study design (inspired by Ruch 2013-2018) Pilotstudy:6par0cipants(2groups:femaleandmale),3Spanishdialects.Par0cipantswithsimilarsocialcharacteris0cs(allgraduatestudents,similarages).Withingroup,eachpar0cipant(typicallyin2days):1) wasinterviewedindividually(“non-contaminated”speech),2) hadaconversa0onwithanotherpar0cipant(interac0onwithonedialect),3) wasimmediatelyinterviewedalone(speechaJerinterac0on),4) hadaconversa0onwithanotherpar0cipant(interac0onwithanotherdialect),5) wasimmediatelyinterviewedalone(speechaJerinterac0on).
Methodological challenges 1. Researchingmorphosyntax
1. Oppositetophone0cfeatures,morphosyntac0cfeatures:1. donotsurfaceinreadingtasks–semi-freespeechisneeded.2. needlargequan00esofspeechtobeobserved.
2. Selec0onoffeaturesthatshowconsistentvaria0onacrossdialects:1. Case-dis0nc0on in object pronouns (case-dis0nc0on in River Plate Spanish, gender-
dis0nc0oninCas0lianSpanish,generalisedleísmoinEcuadorianSpanish).2. 2sg personal pronouns and verb-agreement (vos + etymologically 2pl verb forms in
RiverPlateSpanish,tú+etymologically2plverbformsinRiverPlateSpanish,tú/vos+etymologically2plverbformsinEcuadorianSpanish).
3. Findingpar0cipants1. Ecuadorianspeakerswerehardtofind!
4. Designoftheinterviews1. Elici0ng 2sg personal pronouns in individual interviews is especially difficult, since
thereisnoclearinterlocutor(thecomputer)–askingforanecdotes.2. Thelastindividualinterviewaddressedpercep0onofanda\tudestoownandothers’
speech.5. Conduc0ngtheinterviews
1. Itishardtospeaktothecomputer!2. Interven0onof interviewersturnedouttobeunavoidable.Tokeepthis interven0on
consistent,interviewersalwaysspokeadifferentdialectthantheinterviewees.
Previous literature – Short-termaccommoda0onliteraturefocuses(mostly)onthephone0clevel4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12.
– Literatureonaccommoda0oninSpanishfocusesonlong-termaccommoda0on,mostlyonthemorphosyntac0clevel13,14,15,16.
Next steps… - Transcrip0onoftheinterviewswitELAN(underway).- Comparisonofusageofpronounsbefore,duringandaJertheconversa0ons.- Analysisofself-correc0onsduringtheconversa0ons.
References
1. BloomfieldL.(1993).Language.NewYork:HoltandCo.2. Trudgill,P.(1986).DialectsinContact.Oxford&NewYork:Blackwell.3. Auer,P.,&Hinskens,F.(2005).“Theroleofinterpersonalaccommoda0oninatheoryoflanguagechange”.InP.Auer,F.Hinskens,&P.Kerswill(Eds.),DialectChange:ConvergenceandDivergenceinEuropeanLanguages.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,335-357.
4. Pardo,J.S.(2006).“Onphone0cconvergenceduringconversa0onalinterac0on”.TheJournaloftheAcous?calSocietyofAmerica,119(4),2382-2393.5. Llamas,C.,Wal,D.,&Johnson,D.E.(2009).“Linguis0caccommoda0onandthesalienceofna0onaliden0tymarkersinabordertown”.JournalofLanguageandSocialPsychology,28(4),381-407.6. Babel2010-Babel,M.(2010).“DialectdivergenceandconvergenceinNewZealandEnglish”.LanguageinSociety,39(4),437-456.7. Wal,D.,Llamas,C.,&EzraJohnson,D.(2010).“Levelsoflinguis0caccommoda0onacrossana0onalborder”.JournalofEnglishLinguis?cs,38(3),270-289.8. Kim,M.,Horton,W.S.,&Bradlow,A.R.(2011).“Phone0cconvergenceinspontaneousconversa0onsasafunc0onofinterlocutorlanguagedistance”.Laboratoryphonology,2(1),125-156.9. Macleod,B.(2012).TheEffectofPerceptualSalienceonPhone?cAccommoda?oninCross-DialectalConversa?oninSpanish.Ph.D.Thesis.UniversityofToronto.10. Walker,A.,&Campbell-Kibler,K.(2015).“RepeatwhataJerwhom?Exploringvariableselec0vityinacross-dialectalshadowingtask”.Fron?ersinpsychology,6,546.11. O‘Rourke&Potowski2016-O’Rourke,E.,&Potowski,K.(2016).Phone0caccommoda0oninasitua0onofSpanishdialectcontact:Coda/s/and/r̄/inChicago.StudiesinHispanicandLusophoneLinguis?cs,9(2),355–399.12. Ruch,Hanna(2018).“Theroleofacous0cdistanceandsociolinguis0cknowledgeindialectiden0fica0on”.Fron?ersinPsychology9:818.13. PalaciosAlcaine,A.(2007).“Cambioslingüís0cosdeidayvuelta :los0emposdepasadoenlavariedademergentedelosmigrantesecuatorianosenEspaña”.RevistaInternacionaldeLinguis?caIberoamericana,5(2),109–125.14. Molina2010-MolinaMartos,I.(2010).“Procesosdeacomodaciónlingüís0cadelainmigraciónla0noamericanaenMadrid”.LenguayMigración,2(2),27–48.Mick&Palacios2013-Mick,C.,&Palacios,A.(2013).Mantenimientoosus0tuciónderasgoslingüís0cosindexadossocialmente:migrantesde
zonasandinasenLima.Lexis,37(2),341–380.15. Romera,M.,&Elordieta,G.(2013).“Prosodicaccommoda0oninlanguagecontact:Spanishintona0oninMajorca”.Interna?onalJournaloftheSociologyofLanguage,221,127–151.16. Mick,C.,&Palacios,A.(2013).“Mantenimientoosus0tuciónderasgoslingüís0cosindexadossocialmente:migrantesdezonasandinasenLima”.Lexis,37(2),341–380.
