More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale...
Transcript of More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale...
![Page 1: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale
Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates
Princeton University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
June 21, 2012
![Page 2: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
More Than a Model
Dimensions:
• Main span 52.5 ft • Side span 14.1 ft • Arch 4.1 ft • Total Length 85 ft • Tower Height 9.3 ft
![Page 3: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
More Than a Model
Loads:
• Self weight • Wind • Seismic • Corrosion • Pedestrians
![Page 4: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
More Than a Model
• Gravity Load Analysis Sylvester Black Thesis 2009
• Wind Load Analysis Gavin Daly Thesis 2010
• Seismic Load Analysis Michelle Lau Thesis 2012
![Page 5: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
More Than a Model
Loads:
• Self weight • Wind • Seismic • Pedestrians • Corrosion
![Page 6: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
More Than a Model
1:80 Scale Steel Prototype -- “Teenage Load Test”
![Page 7: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
More Than a Model
Loads:
• Self weight • Wind • Seismic • Pedestrians • Corrosion
![Page 8: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Materials & Fabrication
![Page 9: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Materials & Fabrication
Stainless Steel Duplex 2205: • More corrosion resistant than SS316 • Stronger & more stiff than Aluminum • Cheaper & easier to fabricate than Titanium
![Page 10: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Materials & Fabrication
Water-Jet Cutting • Lessons learned from the
Candela exhibition
![Page 11: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Materials & Fabrication
![Page 12: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Materials & Fabrication
![Page 13: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Materials & Fabrication
Water-jet cutting • Lessons learned from the
Candela exhibition
![Page 14: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Connections:
A Multi-Variable Optimization Problem
![Page 15: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Connections- An Optimization Problem
Criteria: • Normal service loads • Highly concentrated, extreme-
event loads • Machinable Material • Corrosion- Resistant Material • Easy to assemble • Easy to maintain
• Adjustability
![Page 16: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Connections- An Optimization Problem
Criteria: • Normal service loads • Highly concentrated, extreme-
event loads • Machinable Material • Corrosion- Resistant Material • Maintain Suspender straightness • Easy to assemble • Easy to maintain
• Adjustability
• NO LARGER THAN A MARBLE!
![Page 17: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Connections- An Optimization Problem
![Page 18: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Public Works for Public Learning- Applications
Takeaway Points for PWPL
“Large Model” Projects:
![Page 19: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Public Works for Public Learning- Applications
1. Not a model of the Golden Gate Bridge…
- A Bridge that looks like the Golden Gate
2. If you build it, they will climb:
![Page 20: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Public Works for Public Learning-Applications
3. Set a clear hierarchy of goals:
Lifespan (public use/abuse, corrosion, maintenance) Aesthetic precision: Which ideas are most important to communicate?
![Page 21: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Public Works for Public Learning-Applications
4. Not all “Large Models” are the same…
Consider geometry of the real structure when selecting a scale to model it at.
![Page 22: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
1:80 scale model of Golden Gate Bridge
Deck-Suspender-Cable connection
• Cable band
• Suspenders
• Cable clamps & separators • Swaged or threaded connection
• Balancer/Assembly tools
__________________________ • Permutations of components
![Page 27: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Cable Band
• 3 Types, ½”- ¾” length • Attach cable band in-shop • Length & height reduced • Final design to conform to
suspender size
1:80 scale model of Golden Gate Bridge
![Page 28: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
1:80 scale model of Golden Gate Bridge
Deck-suspender connection
• Current design items: • Smaller suspender spacing • Adjustability in-field • Eliminate galvanic conflicts
• Alternate solution: Reduce rod
diameter
![Page 29: More Than a Model: The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale · The Golden Gate Bridge at 1:80 Scale Sylvester T. Black Engineer, Robert Silman Associates Princeton University Department](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051923/6010ec7c649c387c916e0d0d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
1:80 scale model of Golden Gate Bridge
Deck-suspender connection
• Balancer component • Designed for wire rope • Modify for rods