More innovative and applicable Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Technologies

for Africa

Action Research for Sustainable Water and Sanitation Services2011-2013

The Problem

Present focus on conventional technologies No/slow uptake of innovative WASH technologies No systems to validate new technologies No introduction process for validated technologies and

go to scale

Photo: Jo Smet, IRCPhoto: Henk Holtslag, Connect Int.

Photo: Ned Breslin, WaterAid/Water-for-People

April 2013

The Solutions

April 2013

TAF & TIPTechnology Applicability Framework

&Technology Introduction Process

Context

Technology

SCREENING

Need and

Applicability

Technical FunctionCharacteristicsPerformance

ASSESSMENT of technology applicabilityusing 18 indicators

Perspective of key actors

Use

r-B

uye

r

Oth

er

Inst

itutio

ns

Dim

ensi

on

s

Soc

Econ

Env

Inst

Know

Tech

TAFTechnology Applicability Framework

Pro

du

cer-

Pro

vid

er

Cost model

Dimensions:Soc = Social Econ = Economical and Financial Env = EnvironmentalInst = Institutional, legal,

organisationalKnow = Knowhow and skills Tech = Technological

April 2013

The Solution-1:TAF

Technology Introduction Process (TIP)defines tasks for actors involved in each phase of introduction process

TIP

- Generic concept- For water, sanitation and hygiene technologies- Applicable for different cost models, e.g. market-based approach

April 2013

Uptake + O&MTIPPING POINT

INVENTION

High

Technology

Time

SuccessfulTechnologyIntroduction

UPTAKE & USE

Uptake [number of unitsinstalled providing services]

Actors

Inve

nti

on

Tip

pin

g P

oin

t

Up

take

+ U

se

Specific tasks per actor and phase

Technology Introduction Process

Actors Actors

The Solution-2:TIP

Developed and tested in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Uganda

Countries & Partners

April 2013

•Ghana: (i) Ghana Modified India Mark II (ii) Slow sand filter

•Uganda: (i) Urine diversion latrine (ii) ferro-cement rainwater tank

•Burkina Faso: (i) VIP toilet (ii) India Mark II hand pump

Successful

•Ghana: (i) pour-flush latrine (ii) rope pump

•Uganda: tippy tap

•Burkina Faso: (i) urine diversion latrine (ii) Rope pump

Promising

•Ghana: Enviro Loo

•Uganda: rope pump

•Burkina Faso: rainwater harvesting tank

Not proven

•Ghana: Biofil/ digestion toilet

•Uganda: solar-powered groundwater pump

•Burkina Faso: sand dams

New opportunities

17 Technologies assessed for field testing TAF

April 2013

Sustainability dimensions & Key Perspectives

April 2013

Economic

Social

Environmental

OrganisationalInstitutional

Legal

Skills andKnowhow

Technological

User/Buyer

Producers/Providers

Regulators/ Investors/Facilitators

TAF Validation Process

April 2013

+

0

-

High value, neutral or positive, supportive characteristics

Potential impact, could become critical, needs follow up

Low value, negative, critical, hindering characteristics

? Unclear information, should be clarified

Interpretation per dimension

per actor group

As entire profile

or for specific topics such as O&M

April 2013

+

0

-+

+ ?

+

+

-

? ?

0

?+ -

-0 0

(1) (2) (3)

(4) (5) (6)

(7) (8) (9)

(10) (11) (12)

(13) (14) (15)

(16) (17) (18)

Sust

aina

bilit

y D

imen

sion

s

Key PerspectivesTAF Profile

Visualisation of a TAF result

April 2013

TAF Testing in BF-GH-UG

Technology Introduction Process

April 2013

Actors

Inve

nti

on

Tip

pin

g

Po

int

Up

take

+

Op

erat

ion

Specific Tasksper actor and phase

Technology Introduction

Actors Actors

Embedding: involvement at

national and district level

Learning Alliances Host organisations:

now and beyond project

Communication: In each country and

global – also website On process – videos On products (e.g. TAF

flyer) and outcomes At Learning Events At regional and global

Conferences, Symposia

Process: Embedding-Communication

April 2013

April 2013

WASHTechc/o IRC International Water and Sanitation

Centre, P.O. Box 82327, 2508 EH The Hague

The Netherlands WASHTech@irc.nl / www.irc.nl

washtechafrica.wordpress.com