MOOD DISORDERS

DEFINITION (MOOD DISORDERS)

are mental health problems (depression, bipolar disorder, and mania) that affects daily activities.

CAUSES

Neurotransmitter (a brain chemical) imbalance

Substance abuse Life events Inherited

CLASSIFICATIONS

Depressive disorder

-Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

-Dysthymia-Depressive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (DD-

NOS)

Bipolar disorder-Bipolar I-Bipolar II-Cyclothymia-Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (BD-NOS)

DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS

Major Depressive Disorder:› Also known as “unipolar depression”

unipolar depression: remaining at one state of emotion

› Occurs when a person has one or more cases of depression.

› Could cause the person to commit suicide.

DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS

Dysthymia:› Happens when a person experiences low

mood for two years.› Affected people are subject to secondary

episodes of major depression (known as double depression).

› Not as severe as MDD

DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS

Recurrent Brief Depression (DD-NOS)› Depressions occuring once a month› Episodes of depressions last for no more

than two weeks. Minor Depressive Disorder (DD-NOS)

› Characterized by two symptoms of a major disorder occuring for two weeks or less.

BIPOLAR DISORDER

Happens when mania and depression alternates (rapidly or non-rapidly) or mix.

Also known as “manic depression”.

BIPOLAR DISORDER

Bipolar I› distinguished by the presence or history of

one or more manic episodes or sometimes mixed episodes with or without major depressive episodes.

Bipolar II› consisting of recurrent and

intermittent hypomanic and depressive episodes.

BIPOLAR DISORDER

Cyclothymia› Characterized by recurrent hypomanic

and dysthymic episodes, without full manic episodes or full major depressive episodes.

BIPOLAR DISORDER

Bipolar Disorder Not Otherwise Specified› Occurs when a patient is afflicted by

symptoms of bipolar disorder not qualifying for a formal bipolar disorder.

SYMPTOMS (MOOD DISORDERS)

Body aches Changes in appetite Difficulty concentrating Difficulty sleeping Fatigue Feelings of sadness, hopelessness, helplessness

or inadequacy Guilt Hostility or aggression Irritability and mood changes Loss of interest in daily life Problems interacting with loved ones Unexplained weight gain or loss

SYMPTOMS (HEIGHTENED M.D.)

Abnormally high energy level Decreased sleep Feelings of omnipotence Impulsive behaviors such as spending

sprees Poor judgment Racing thoughts Talking fast or switching conversational

topics rapidly

SYMPTOMS (LIFE-THREATENING)

Feelings of wanting to die Hearing voices or seeing things that do

not exist Inability to care for your basic needs Suicidal thoughts or expression of

suicidal thoughts

TREATMENT

Treatments is based on: your age, overall health, and medical history extent of the condition type of mood disorder your tolerance for specific medications,

procedures, or therapies expectations for the course of the condition your opinion or preference(note: the ff. are to be determined by a

physician)

TREATMENT antidepressant medications: effective

when combined with psychotherapy in treating depression.

Psychotherapy: most often cognitive-behavioral and/or interpersonal therapy that is focused on changing the individual's distorted views of themselves and the environment around them, working through difficult relationships, and identifying stressors in the environment and how to avoid them.

family therapy: since the family plays a vital support role