Monthly report on livestock disease trends as informally ... · Jeffreys Bay - drs. Lategan, Hoek...

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The following practices and laboratories (109) submitted reports in October 2014: Mpumalanga (14) Balfour – dr. Louis van Jaarsveld Bethal – dr. Hardus Pieters Delmas – dr. Johan Jooste Ermelo – dr. Gert Oosthuizen Ermelo – drs. Potgieter and Bergman Grootvlei – dr. Neels van Wyk Lydenburg – drs. Trümpelmann and Steyn Machadodorp – dr. Quinton van Oudtshoorn Nelspruit – dr. André Beytell Middelburg – drs. Fourie and Rabie Piet Retief - drs. Niebuhr and Weber Standerton – dr. Kobie Kroon Standerton – drs. Nel, Swart, Van der Merwe and Berg Volksrust – dr. André Visser Gauteng (4) Bronkhorstspruit – drs. De Bruin, De Bruin, Rudolph and Slabber Nigel – dr. Cindy van der Westhuizen Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital – proff. Annandale, Prozesky, Shakespeare, drs. Blignaut, Carrington, Gratwick, Grobler, Harmse, Holm and O’Dell Pretoria – dr. Hanneke Pienaar Limpopo (8)

Monthly report on livestock disease trends as informally reported by veterinarians belonging to the Ruminant Veterinary Association of South Africa (RuVASA), a group of the South African Veterinary Association

October 2014

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Bela-Bela – drs. Du Toit, Hansen, Bester and Herbst Lephalale (Ellisras) – dr. Brigitte Luck Machado (Louis Trichardt) – drs. Harris, Klopper and Jacobs Modimolle (Nylstroom) – drs. Huber, Bredell and Barnard Mokopane (Potgietersrus) dr. Ferdie Bingle Mokopane (Potgietersrus) - dr. Henk Visser Polokwane (Pietersburg) – drs. Watson, Viljoen, Jansen Van Vuuren, Van Rooyen and Snyman Vaalwater - dr. Hampie van Staden North West (9) Brits – drs. Boshoff and Coertze Christiana - dr. Pieter Nel Leeudoringstad - dr. Ian Jonker Rustenburg – drs. Gaigher, Grobler, Sparks, Van Egdom, Van Rooyen, Goosen and Van Rensburg Schweizer-Reneke - dr. N.J. Heyns Stella - dr. Magdaleen Vosser Swartruggens – dr. Roselle Hartwigsen Ventersdorp – dr. Olof Marais Vryburg – dr. Jurie Kritzinger Free State (21) Bethlehem – drs. Basson, Strydom and Strydom Bloemfontein - dr. Stephan Wessels Bothaville – dr. Johan Blaauw Bultfontein – dr. Santjie Pieterse Clocolan – drs. Marwick and Wasserman Dewetsdorp – dr. Marike Badenhorst Ficksburg – dr. Woody Kotze Frankfort - drs. Lessing, Cilliers and Janse van Rensburg Harrismith - drs. Pretorius, Thirion and Nel Hoopstad - dr. Kobus Pretorius Kroonstad – drs. Daffue, Eksteen, Van Zyl and Van der Walt Ladybrand- drs. De Vos and Nel Memel – drs. Nixon and Nixon Parys – drs. Wessels and Van den Berg Reitz - dr. Murray Smith Viljoenskroon - dr. Johan Kahts Villiers - drs. I. Hattingh and W.D. Hauptfleish Vrede – drs. Myburgh and Bester-Cloete Wesselsbron –dr. Johan Jacobs Winburg – Albertyn and Albertyn

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Zastron – dr. Phillip Brandt KwaZulu-Natal (17) Bergville - dr. Ariena Shepherd Bergville – dr. Jubie Muller Camperdown – dr. Anthony van Tonder Dundee - dr. Tony Grace Dundee – drs. Marais and Fynn Estcourt – drs.Turner, Tedder, Taylor, Tratschler, Van Rooyen and Alwar Greytown – dr. Mike Caldicott Howick – drs. Hughes, Lund, Gordon, Allison and Taylor Ingogo – dr. Trish Oglesby Mooi River - drs. Fowler, Hartley and Mallet Mtubatuba – dr. Trever Viljoen Newcastle – dr. Barry Rafferty Pietermaritzburg – dr. Phillip Kretzmann Pietermaritzburg – dr. Rick Mapham Pongola – dr. Heinz Kohrs Underberg - drs. Collins, King and Delaney Vryheid – dr. Gert Theron Eastern Cape (10) Alexandria - drs. Olivier and Dreyer Aliwal North – drs. Troskie and Strauss Cradock – dr. Frans Erasmus Graaff-Reinet – dr. Mackie Hobson Graaff- Reinet - dr. Roland Larson Humansdorp - drs. Van Niekerk, Jansen Van Vuuren, Barker and Kotze Jeffreys Bay - drs. Lategan, Hoek and McFarlane Middelburg – drs. Van Rooyen and Viljoen Queenstown – drs. Du Preez, Godley, Klopper, Jansen van Vuuren, De Klerk and Catherine Uitenhage – drs. Mulder and Krüger Western Cape (17) Beaufort West - drs. Pienaar and Grobler Caledon – Retief and Rissik Ceres – dr. Johani Pieterse George - drs. Strydom, Truter, and Pettifer Heidelberg – dr. Albert van Zyl Malmesbury – drs. Bosman and Groenewald

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Malmesbury – dr. Otto Kriek Malmesbury – dr. John Liebenberg Malmesbury – dr. Markus Fourie Oudtshoorn – dr. Glen Carlisle Oudtshoorn – dr. Adriaan Olivier Plettenberg Bay – dr. André Reitz Riversdale – drs. Du Plessis, Taylor and De Bruyn Stellenbosch – dr. Alfred Kidd Swellendam – dr. Jacques Malan Vredenburg - dr. Izak Rust Wellington – dr. William van Zyl Northern Cape (5) Calvinia – drs. Dirk and Lizanne de Beer De Aar – dr. Donald Anderson Kathu – dr. Jan Vorster Kuruman – dr. Gerhard van der Westhuizen Upington – drs. Vorster and Visser Feedlots (2) Drs. Morris and Du Preez Dr. Andy Hentzen Laboratory reports (3) Dr. Marijke Henton - Idexx SA Johannesburg Dr. Annelize Jonker – Provicial Vet Lab, Stellenbosch Dr. Rick Last – Vetdiagnostix, Pietermaritzburg

Summary of disease report for October 2014

109 Reports from veterinary practices and laboratories were received (Mpumalanga 14; Gauteng 4; Limpopo 8; North West 9; Free State 21; KwaZulu-Natal 17; Eastern Cape 10; Western Cape 17; Northern Cape 5; Feedlot 2 and Laboratories 3).

Internal parasites

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Roundworms

There was an increase in the number of reports regarding internal parasite infestations. Plettenberg Bay reported a severe outbreak of a cattle bankrupt worm infestation in calves. Reports of mortalities due to wireworm infestation were received. Familiarise yourself with the five point check how to clinically diagnose problems with worms. http://landbou.com/kundiges/vra-vir-faffa/die-vyfpuntplan-en-famacha-stelsel-vir-inwendige-parasietbestuur-in-skape/

Test anthelmintics for parasite resistance using the faecal egg count resistance test (FECRT) as one veterinarian wrote in a report: stock farmers are losing the battle against resistant roundworms. Talk to your veterinarian about all aspects of parasite control in order not to lose the battle.

Flukes

Animals that grazed in vleis during the winter where water bodies are prevalent will be infected with liver fluke. Discuss control and management programmes with your veterinarian. Signs of a liver fluke infestation is a bottle jaw and anaemia.These signs are very similar to a wireworm infestation.

Immature conical flukes cause a severe diarrhoea. Be aware of this clinical sign as reports were received from large parts of the country.

Cysticercosis (measles)

Reports were received from Mpumalanga, North West and the Western Cape. Great losses occur when carcasses are condemned or degraded at abattoirs.

Source the origin of the infestation and install preventative measures. Train workers regarding the life cycle of Taenia saginata, the human tapeworm.

Turning disease, caused by a cyst (Coenurus cerebralis) on the brain, was diagnosed in goats in Upington. The tapeworm is present in dogs and other carnivores and when sheep, goats or even game take in the eggs of this tapeworm, a cyst may develop in the brain. Remember to treat sheep dogs regularly for tapeworms.

Coccidiosis

Numerous reports of infestation with this protozoal parasite were documented. Young animals are especially affected by coccidiosis. Wet and muddy conditions are an ideal place for young animals to become infected with this parasite. Discuss preventative measures with your veterinarian.

External parasites

Ticks

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There was a huge increase in Blue tick numbers. Make sure that the control measures used are effective. Blue ticks transmit African and Asiatic red water, anaplasmosis, lumpy skin disease and cause blood loss.

Reports of the presence of the following tick species were received:

Blue ticks: Mpumalanga, Limpopo, North West, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern and Western Cape

Heart water tick: Mpumalanga, Gauteng, Limpopo, North West, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern and Western Cape. From Volksrust it was reported that this tick was seen in the area for the first time.

Brown ear-ticks: Limpopo, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape

Bont-legged ticks: Mpumalanga, Gauteng, North West, KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape. The toxin of this tick causes sweating disease, which was reported.

Red-legged tick: Mpumalanga, Limpopo, North West, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape. Spring lamb paralysis caused by the red-legged tick was reported from the Free State.

Discuss the life cycles of these ticks and how to control them with your veterinarian, keeping in mind the selection for tick resistance. Engorged blue ticks can be collected and tested for resistance. Contact your veterinarian for information regarding the test.

Lice

Lice (sucking and biting) numbers are decreasing after the winter. Farmers with wool sheep should check their sheep regularly for lice as they cause serious disturbance of the fleece.

Mites

Be on the lookout for disturbances in wool and hair loss. Sheep scab is a State controlled disease and outbreaks occurred in various provinces. Contact your State Veterinarian to hear whether there are positive farms in your area. Biosecurity measures to prevent sheep becoming infected should be in place at all times.

Flies, midges and mosquitoes

Numbers are on the increase after good rains in many parts of the country. Be on the lookout for diseases carried by these insects.

Tick borne diseases

African and Asiatic red water

The occurrence of these diseases is on the increase as blue tick numbers are on the increase. Reports were received from Mpumalanga, Gauteng, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape and the Western

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Cape. Discuss vaccination programmes with your veterinarian. Asiatic red water is a killer disease and proper steps should be taken to control this disease!

Anaplasmosis

Numerous reports of outbreaks were received from all provinces except the Northern Cape.. This disease is spread by blue ticks, biting flies and needles (vaccinations). Conditions causing stress and diseases interfering with the immune system (eg. BVD) trigger anaplasmosis outbreaks.

Heartwater

Cases (Mpumalanga, Gauteng, Limpopo, North West, KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape) were reported. The occurrence of this disease is spreading as a result of game transporting the bont tick into non infected areas.

These diseases can be controlled through vaccination, fly and tick control. Discuss control measures with your veterinarian to prevent heavy losses.

Corridor disease

As buffalo farming is on the increase cattle farmers should be aware of this disease.

Insect transmitted diseases

Lumpy skin disease

Reports (Mpumalanga, Limpopo, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and the Eastern and Western Cape) are still received of numerous cases. This confirms that some species of ticks are also capable of transmitting the virus causing lumpy skin disease. Most cases occurred in animals that had never been vaccinated. If there is an outbreak on a farm the virus can also spread via the saliva therefore isolate diseased animals as soon as possible.

Three day stiff sickness

Only a few cases (Mpumalanga, Limpopo, Eastern and Western Cape) were reported.

Blue tongue

Reports of blue tongue were received from Gauteng, Free State, Eastern, Western and Northern Cape. It is reported that the occurrence of the disease is earlier than normal. There is a crisis with the availability of vaccine. Discuss additional control measures with your veterinarian.

Rift Valley Fever and Wesselsbron disease

No reports were received

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Venereal diseases

Trichomonosis

This venereal disease is causing havoc in our country. Only one provinces (Gauteng ) did not report on this disease. It was reported that many farms that were previously free of the disease, are now positive. Thirty four practices reported this disease. It is of utmost importance that biosecurity measures are in place. Together with your veterinarian plan how to prevent and control these diseases.

Vibriosis

Regular reports (10 practices) are received. Good vaccines exist to control this disease.

Pizzle disease

A report was received from the Western Cape. Be careful when inspecting rams not to transmit the disease.

Bacterial diseases

The following bacterial diseases were reported: blackquarter, intra uterine gangrene, pulpy kidney, lamb dysentery, swelled head, red gut, blood gut, tetanus, botulism, listeriosis, salmonellosis, bovine brucellosis (23 practices reported) , ovine brucellosis, tuberculosis, Johnes, leptospirosis, enzootic abortion, colibacillosis, Fusibacterium necrophorum, pasteurellosis and lumpy wool.

Many new brucellosis infections were reported mainly due to positive animals that were bought. Remember that heifers that have the disease might only start to test positive after they are 5 months pregnant!

For most of these diseases there are vaccines. Discuss the risk factors for the diseases in your area with your veterinarian and put together a control program.

Viral diseases

Bovine malignant catarrh (snotsiekte)

Snotsiekte was reported from North West, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape. As game farming with wildebeest, the carriers of the snotsiekte virus, is on the increase, this disease is getting more and more important. More than 90 calves died of the disease in a feedlot. At present there is no vaccine available. Discuss preventative measures with your veterinarian. Remember there is also a sheep associated snotsiekte virus.

Other viral diseases that were reported are: rabies, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR), bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD), enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL), orf and warts.

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Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was reported from all over the country with high mortality figures. Many of the viruses mentioned above are involved. Discuss with your veterinarian how to control this disease with a vaccination program.

Poisonings

The following toxicities were reported: cardiac glycoside, slangkop, tulip, ink berry (Cestrum), Cynanchum (klimop), facial eczema, rye grass, dikoor, geeldikkop, gifblaar, gousiekte, Lantana, krimpsiekte, Senecio, vermeersiekte, ganskweek, Galenia africana (geelbos), prussic acid, diplodiosis, mycotoxicosis, urea, copper, organophosphate, acidosis and snake bite.

Twenty two lambs died when they were treated with an anthelmintic 10 to 20 times the normal dose.

Draw up a protocol with your veterinarian on how to treat these poisonings should it occur on your farm.

Nutritional

In October many reports were received of downer animals unable to get up as a result of a lack of energy and protein. Due to this poor nutritional status in cows they have difficulty in calving, retained placentas, prolapses and metritis. These animals will also have difficulty in conceiving again.

Multifactorial diseases and other conditions

The following were reported: abscesses, bladder stones, blindness, opthalmia, bloat, blood gut, blue udder, mastitis, diarrhoea, joint ill, lameness, navel ill, trauma, downer cows and pneumonia.

Reproductive diseases and other conditions

The following were reported: abortions, dystocias, endometritis, metritis, poor conception, retained afterbirths and prolapses.

Metabolic diseases

The following were reported: acidosis, displaced abomasum, ketosis and milk fever.

Other conditions

Deaths occurred due to trauma, lightning and predators.

Comment: Biosecurity is the key word to always keep in mind when farming with livestock. Know the disease status of animals bought in before bringing them into the herd!

To get access to previous reports visit www.lhpg.co.za and click on disease reporting

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DISEASE DISTRIBUTION REPORT AS REPORTED BY VETERINARIANS rep_disease_sum vetprac

Month: Oct 2014

Table of Contents

Internal Parasites Roundworms in general, Resistant Round Worms, Wireworm, Brown

stomach-worm, Eye worm (Thelazia rhodesii), Tape Worms, Parafilaria, Liver fluke, Conical Flukes, Cysticercosis, Other

External Parasites

Blue ticks, Heartwater (Bont) ticks, Brown ear-ticks, Bont-legged ticks, Red-legged ticks , Paralysis ticks, Biting lice (red lice), Sucking lice (blue lice),

Scab mites, Mange Mites, Nuisance Flies, Blowflies, Screw-worm , Nasal bot larvae , Midges

Tick-borne Diseases African red water, Asiatic red water, Anaplasmosis, Heartwater, Sweating

Sickness

Insect Transmittable Diseases Lumpy skin disease, Three-day-stiffsickness, Blue tongue

Venereal Diseases Trichomonosis, Vibriosis, Pizzle disease

Bacterial Disease (other)

Listeriosis, Other , Blackquarter, Pulpy Kidney, Swelled head disease, Redgut (cattle), Blood gut (Sheep), Tetanus, Botulism, Salmonellosis , Brucella

abortus, Brucella ovis, Bovine Tuberculosis, Johne`s disease, Leptospirosis, Septicaemia, Enzootic Abortion, E.coli, Dermatophilosis (Lumpy Wool),

Intrauterine Gangrene, Fusibacterium necrophorum

Protozoal diseases (other) Coccidiosis

Fungal diseases Ringworm

Viral Diseases (other) BMC, Rabies, BVD (Bovine viral diarrhoea), IBR (Infectious bovine

rhinotracheitis), Enzootic Bovine Leucosis (EBL), Orf, Warts

Poisonings (Plant) and Fungal

Cardiac glycoside poisoning, Cestrum, Cynanchum poisoning, Facial eczema, Geeldikkop/Dikoor, Gifblaar, Gousiekte, Lantana, Nenta poisoning

(Krimpsiekte), Prussic acid poisoning, Rye grass poisoning, Seneciosis, Tulip Poisoning, Vermeersiekte (Gaigeria spp.), Micotoxicosis, Other

Poisonings Urea Poisoning, Snake Bite, Chemical products, Other

Macro Nutritional Problems Energy deficiency, Protein deficiency, Phosphate deficiency, Calcium

deficiency

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Micro Nutritional Problems Iodine deficiency, Copper deficiency, Zinc deficiency, Selenium deficiency, Magnesium deficiency, Manganese deficiency, Iodine deficiency, Vitamin A

deficiency, Vitamin B deficiency

Multi-factorial Disease Conditions

Abortions, Stillbirths, Abscesses, Abscesses in general, Bladder stones, Blindness, Bloat, Blood gut (sheep and goat), Blue udder, Diarrhoea, Eye Cancer, Eye infections, Joint Ill, Lameness/Foot Problems, Lung infection,

Mastitis in general, Navel Ill, Trauma, Downer, Other

Metabolic Diseases Acidosis, Displaced abomasum, Ketosis, Milk Fever

Reproductive diseases Dystocia (Difficult Births), Endometritis, Metritis, Poor conception, Retained

afterbirth, Uterus prolaps, Vaginal (Cervical) prolaps

Climatical Cause Heat stress, Lightning

Residues Drug residues

Non specific diseases Preditors, Sabotation - Theft, Trauma

Internal Parasites

Roundworms in general ^

PROVINCE Mpumalanga Gauteng Limpopo North West

Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (5) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (2) 2.5 (2) 2.1 (12) 1.9 (9) 1.9 (7) 1.8 (11)

Level of importance scale: 1 = one case, 2 = more than one case but less than ten and 3 = more than 10 cases reported

Beef 1.5 (2) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Sheep 2.3 (3) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 2.2 (11) 1.8 (4) 1.8 (4) 2.0 (8)

Goat 2.0 (4) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (2)

Mpumalanga Delmas, Delmas Konsultasie Dienste

Sheep: 1 Lydenburg, Lydenburg Dierespreekkamer

Beef: 1 Middelburg , Middelburg Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 3 Nelspruit, Nelspruit Animal Hospital

Beef: 2 Wireworm infestation on kikoejoe grazing causing anaemia

Standerton, Econovet Sheep: 3

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Gauteng Pretoria, Anima Veterinary Consulting Rooms

Sheep: 3 Limpopo

Nylstroom, Nylstroom Beef: 3

Several cattle lost condition caused by roundworm infestations. Sheep: 3

North West Rustenburg, Protea Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2 Stella, Stella Dierekliniek

Sheep: 3 Free State

Bloemfontein, Dr Stephan Wessels Sheep: 3

Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Dewetsdorp, Platkop Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek Beef: 1, Sheep: 3

Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal Sheep: 2

Memel, Memel Veterinary Clinic Sheep: 1

Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal Sheep: 2

Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek Sheep: 3

Viljoenskroon, Viljoenskroon Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap Sheep: 2

Vrede, Vrede Dierehospitaal Sheep: 2

Kwazulu-Natal Bergville, Tugela Vet Clinic

Sheep: 1 Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic

Sheep: 2, Goat: 2 Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic

Beef: 2, Goat: 2 Pietermaritzburg, Richmond Veterinay Clinic

Sheep: 2, Goat: 2 Pongola, Pongola Animal Clinic

Sheep: 2, Goat: 2 Eastern Cape

Alexandria, Alexandria Platteland Spreekkamer Beef: 2

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Graaff-Reinet, Camdeboo Veterinary Clinic Goat: 2

Aberdeen Graaff-Reinet, Graaff Reinet Veterinary Clinic

Sheep: 2, Goat: 2 Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic

Sheep: 1 Queenstown, Queenstown Veterinary clinic

Sheep: 3 Uitenhage, Uitenhage Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 1 Western Cape

Beaufort West, Beaufort West State Vet Sheep: 1

Large worm egg count numbers in merino ewes Goat: 1

Caledon, Overberg Veterinary Hospital Sheep: 3

Ceres, Ceres Veterinary Hospital Sheep: 2

George, George Animal Hospital Sheep: 3

Heidelberg (WC), Heidelberg Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Malmesbury, Malmesbury Dierehospitaal Sheep: 3

Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed Sheep: 1

Plettenberg Bay, Plettenberg Bay A Reitz Beef: 2

Cattle bankruptworm (Trichostrongylus): 40 calves between 8 and 20 weeks old on grazing with starter supplementation. Condition poor, 4 unable to stand, 2 died and 10 had severe diarrhoea. Treated calves with

electrolytes and sulphas. No improvement. Took scrapings from abomasal and duodenal mucosa and found a severe cattle bankrupt infestation. After treatment with an anthelmintic it took time for calves to recover and 6 calves in poor

condition still died. The outbreak was preceded by rainy and hot weather conditions. Swellendam, Swellendam Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 1, Goat: 1

Resistant Round Worms ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (2) 3.0 (1)


Sheep 2.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) Goat 1.0 (1)

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Mpumalanga Middelburg , Middelburg Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 3 On certain farms parasite resistance is out of control.

Volksrust, Volksrust Dierehospitaal Sheep: 2 Gauteng

Pretoria, Anima Veterinary Consulting Rooms Sheep: 2 Limpopo

Nylstroom, Nylstroom Sheep: 2

Small stock farmers in our area are fighting a losing battle against resistant roundworms. Free State

Bloemfontein, Dr Stephan Wessels Sheep: 2



Sheep: 1 Eastern Cape


Aberdeen, Klipplaat Queenstown, Queenstown Veterinary clinic



Wireworm ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (2) 3.0 (3) 2.5 (2) 2.2 (5) 1.5 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (2)


Beef 1.0 (1) Sheep 3.0 (1) 3.0 (2) 2.5 (2) 2.5 (4) 1.5 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Goat 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Gauteng Pretoria, Onderstepoort Academic Hospital and Production Animal Clinic

Sheep: 3, Goat: 3 Limpopo

Bela-Bela, Warmbad Dierekliniek Sheep: 3

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Machado, Blouberg Dierekliniek Sheep: 3, Goat: 3

North West Leeudoringstad, Leeudoringstad Dierekliniek

Sheep: 3 Schweizer-Reneke, NJ Heyns

Sheep: 2 Free State

Frankfort, Frankfort Dierekliniek Sheep: 3




Kwazulu-Natal Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic

Sheep: 2 Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic


Middelburg (EC), Steynsburg Dierehospitaal Sheep: 3

Western Cape Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2 Wellington, Wellington Dierehospitaal

Goat: 2 Deaths

Brown stomach-worm ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Dairy 2.5 (2) Sheep 2.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (1)

Kwazulu-Natal Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic

Dairy: 2 Howick, Howick Veterinary Clinic

Dairy: 3 Eastern Cape

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Swelsiekte Western Cape


Eye worm (Thelazia rhodesii) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1)


Beef 1.0 (1)

Free State Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek

Beef: 1

Tape Worms ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.3 (3) 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (5) 2.3 (6) 1.0 (2) 1.5 (2)


Beef 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 2.3 (3) Sheep 2.5 (2) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.3 (3) 2.3 (3) 1.0 (2) 1.5 (2)

Mpumalanga Standerton, Econovet

Sheep: 3 Volksrust, Volksrust Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Limpopo

Ellisras, Ellisras Dierekliniek Sheep: 3

Mokopane, Potgietersrus Dierekliniek Beef: 1

North West Stella, Stella Dierekliniek

Sheep: 3 Free State

Ficksburg, Ficksburg Dierekliniek Sheep: 3

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Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap Beef: 1, Sheep: 1

Winburg, Winburg Dierekliniek Beef: 2

Kwazulu-Natal Bergville, Bergville Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 2 Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic

Sheep: 2 Pietermaritzburg, Richmond Veterinay Clinic

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Underberg, Underberg Veterinary Surgery

Beef: 3 Emerging farmers reporting high prevalence of tapeworms


Graaff-Reinet, Graaff Reinet Veterinary Clinic Sheep: 1

Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic Sheep: 1

Western Cape Malmesbury, Malmesbury Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 1 Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2

Parafilaria ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.3 (3) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.3 (3)


Beef 1.3 (3) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.3 (3)

Limpopo Bela-Bela, Warmbad Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Mokopane, Potgietersrus Dierekliniek

Beef: 1 Polokwane, Pietersburg Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 1 North West

Rustenburg, Protea Dierekliniek Beef: 1

Free State

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Zastron, Zastron Dierekliniek Beef: 2

Kwazulu-Natal Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic

Beef: 2 Pongola, Pongola Animal Clinic

Beef: 1 Vryheid, Gert Theron Vryheid

Beef: 1

Liver fluke ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.4 (5) 2.1 (12) 2.5 (6) 1.0 (1) 1.5 (2)


Beef 2.3 (3) 2.1 (8) 2.5 (4) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Dairy 2.5 (2) 2.0 (1) Sheep 2.5 (2) 2.0 (4)


Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 Standerton, Standerton Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2 Volksrust, Volksrust Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Free State

Bethlehem, Bethlehem Animal Hospital Beef: 2, Sheep: 2

Ficksburg, Ficksburg Dierekliniek Beef: 2

Frankfort, Frankfort Dierekliniek Beef: 3, Sheep: 3

Harrismith, Harrismith Dierehospitaal Beef: 2

Memel, Memel Veterinary Clinic Beef: 3

Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal Beef: 2

Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek Beef: 2, Sheep: 2

Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap Beef: 1, Sheep: 1 Kwazulu-Natal

Howick, Howick Veterinary Clinic

19 | P a g e

Beef: 3, Dairy: 3 Ingogo, Gen XY Stud Beef Consultancy


Dairy: 2 Newcastle, Ncanduvet Newcastle


Beef: 2 Eastern Cape

Queenstown, Queenstown Veterinary clinic Beef: 1


Dairy: 2 Bottle jaws

Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch Animal Hospital Beef: 1

Conical Flukes ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (4) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (6) 2.3 (7) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (3)


Beef 2.0 (4) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.4 (5) 2.2 (6) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (2) Dairy 3.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1) Goat 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga Balfour, Balfour Dierekliniek

Beef: 1 Standerton, Econovet

Beef: 3 Standerton, Standerton Dierehospitaal


Beef: 2 Limpopo


North West Schweizer-Reneke, NJ Heyns

Beef: 2 Adults

Free State

20 | P a g e


Ladybrand, Ladybrand / Excelsior Dierekliniek Beef: 1

Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek Beef: 1

Vrede, Vrede Dierehospitaal Beef: 1

Zastron, Zastron Dierekliniek Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Kwazulu-Natal

Camperdown, Camperdown Vet Clinic Beef: 1

Howick, Howick Veterinary Clinic Beef: 3, Dairy: 3

Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic Beef: 1

Newcastle, Ncanduvet Newcastle Beef: 3

Pietermaritzburg, Richmond Veterinay Clinic Beef: 3

Vryheid, Gert Theron Vryheid Beef: 2

Eastern Cape Alexandria, Alexandria Platteland Spreekkamer

Beef: 2 Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 2 Uitenhage, Uitenhage Dierehospitaal

Goat: 1 Western Cape

Beaufort West, Beaufort West State Vet Goat: 2

Deaths in goats that presented with severe diarrhoea. Post mortem revealed massive amounts of adult conical flukes in the rumen

Ceres, Ceres Veterinary Hospital Beef: 2

Wellington, Wellington Dierehospitaal Beef: 2

One death

Cysticercosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


21 | P a g e

Beef 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga Nelspruit, Nelspruit Animal Hospital

Beef: 3 Abattoir inspections: cattle all coming from feedlots


Beef: 2 Adults


Beef: 2

Other ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)


Goat 2.0 (1)

Northern Cape Upington, Upington Veterinary Clinic

Goat: 2 Coenurus cerebralis (turning disease) in Boergoats

External Parasites

Blue ticks ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.1 (7) 3.0 (1) 2.4 (5) 2.5 (2) 2.4 (17) 2.4 (16) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (7)


Beef 2.3 (6) 2.4 (5) 2.5 (2) 2.3 (12) 2.5 (10) 2.0 (1) 2.3 (4)

Dairy 1.0 (1) 3.0 (2) 2.3 (3) 2.0 (1) Sheep 3.0 (1) 2.3 (3) 2.5 (2) 1.5 (2) Goat 2.0 (1)


22 | P a g e

Beef: 1 Delmas, Delmas Konsultasie Dienste

Beef: 3 Machadodorp, Machadodorp Veterinary Services


Beef: 3 Nelspruit, Nelspruit Animal Hospital

Beef: 2, Dairy: 1 Standerton, Econovet

Beef: 2 Gauteng


Bela-Bela, Warmbad Dierekliniek Beef: 3

Mokopane, Dr Henk Visser Beef: 2



Polokwane, Pietersburg Veterinary Clinic Beef: 3


Beef: 3 Ventersdorp, Buffelsvlei Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Free State

Bethlehem, Bethlehem Animal Hospital Beef: 3

Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek Beef: 3, Dairy: 3

Dewetsdorp, Platkop Dierekliniek Beef: 2, Sheep: 2



Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal Beef: 3, Dairy: 3


Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal Beef: 2, Sheep: 2


Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap

23 | P a g e

Beef: 2 Winburg, Winburg Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Zastron, Zastron Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Kwazulu-Natal

Bergville, Bergville Veterinary Clinic Beef: 3

Bergville, Tugela Vet Clinic Beef: 2, Sheep: 2, Goat: 2

Dundee, Endumeni Herd health Beef: 3, Sheep: 3


Ingogo, Gen XY Stud Beef Consultancy Beef: 2

Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic Beef: 3, Dairy: 3

Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic Beef: 2, Dairy: 1


Pongola, Pongola Animal Clinic Beef: 2

Underberg, Underberg Veterinary Surgery Beef: 2

Eastern Cape Aliwal North, Uitspan C Troskie

Beef: 2 Western Cape

George, George Animal Hospital Beef: 3

Heidelberg (WC), Heidelberg Dierekliniek Dairy: 2, Sheep: 2

Malmesbury, Malmesbury Dierehospitaal Beef: 3

Oudtshoorn, Oudtshoorn Dierekliniek Beef: 1

Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek Beef: 2

Wellington, Wellington Dierehospitaal Sheep: 1

Heartwater (Bont) ticks ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (3) 2.0 (3) 2.2 (9) 2.0 (4) 2.4 (8) 1.5 (2)

24 | P a g e


Beef 2.0 (3) 2.0 (1) 2.4 (5) 1.7 (3) 2.3 (6) 2.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (2) 2.0 (3) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)




Beef: 2 Gauteng

Pretoria, Anima Veterinary Consulting Rooms Sheep: 3

Pretoria, Onderstepoort Academic Hospital and Production Animal Clinic Beef: 2, Sheep: 1


Beef: 3 Ellisras, Ellisras Dierekliniek

Beef: 3 Mokopane, Dr Henk Visser

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2, Goat: 2 Mokopane, Potgietersrus Dierekliniek

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Nylstroom, Nylstroom

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 North West

Rustenburg, Protea Dierekliniek Beef: 1

Schweizer-Reneke, NJ Heyns Beef: 1

Found heartwater tick on a human Stella, Stella Dierekliniek

Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 Kwazulu-Natal



Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic Beef: 2

Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic Beef: 2, Goat: 2


Vryheid, Gert Theron Vryheid

25 | P a g e




Brown ear-ticks ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 2.3 (3) 1.3 (3) 2.6 (5) 3.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1) 2.3 (3) 1.3 (3) 2.3 (3) 3.0 (1) Sheep 3.0 (1) Goat 3.0 (1)

Mpumalanga Machadodorp, Machadodorp Veterinary Services

Beef: 3 Heavy load, bleeding




Beef: 3 Free State




Kwazulu-Natal Howick, Howick Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 3 Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic

Beef: 2 Wildlife


Pongola, Pongola Animal Clinic Sheep: 3, Goat: 3 Western Cape

George, George Animal Hospital

26 | P a g e

Beef: 3

Bont-legged ticks ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (3) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.6 (20) 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.3 (3)


Beef 2.0 (3) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.6 (11) 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.5 (2)

Dairy 2.5 (2) Sheep 2.0 (1) 2.7 (6) 2.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (1)




Beef: 2 Limpopo


Nylstroom, Nylstroom Sheep: 2


Beef: 2 Free State

Bloemfontein, Dr Stephan Wessels Beef: 3, Sheep: 3

Bothaville, Cape Cross Bothaville Veterinary Hospital Beef: 2





Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal Beef: 3, Dairy: 3, Sheep: 3, Goat: 2 Memel, Memel Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 2

27 | P a g e

Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal Beef: 2, Sheep: 2




Beef: 2 Pietermaritzburg, Richmond Veterinay Clinic




Beef: 3 Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Wellington, Wellington Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2

Red-legged ticks ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.7 (3) 3.0 (2) 2.6 (10) 2.0 (1) 2.3 (4)


Beef 2.0 (2) 3.0 (2) 2.5 (4) 2.0 (3) Dairy 3.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (1) 2.6 (5) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1)


Beef: 1, Sheep: 1 Standerton, Econovet

Beef: 3 North West

Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal Beef: 3


Free State Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek

Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal

28 | P a g e

Beef: 3, Dairy: 3, Sheep: 3 Memel, Memel Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 2, Sheep: 3 3% of flock affected. I have not seen this before during the 5 years we have been here in Memel. Possibly emerging

now with climate change and change in tick distribution? Spring lamb paralysis due to red-legged ticks. Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap

Sheep: 2 Kwazulu-Natal

Underberg, Underberg Veterinary Surgery Sheep: 2

Western Cape Caledon, Overberg Veterinary Hospital

Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed


Beef: 2

Paralysis ticks ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.4 (5)


Sheep 1.5 (4) Goat 1.0 (1)

Free State Ladybrand, Ladybrand / Excelsior Dierekliniek

Sheep: 1, Goat: 1 Memel, Memel Veterinary Clinic

Sheep: 3 3% of flock affected. I have not seen this before in the 5 years we have been here in Memel. Possibly emerging now

with climate change and change in tick distribution? Spring lamb paralysis due to red-legged ticks. Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap

Sheep: 1 Wesselsbron, Wesselsbron Dierekliniek

Sheep: 1

Biting lice (red lice) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 1.8 (6) 3.0 (1)

29 | P a g e


Beef 1.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 2.3 (4) 3.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (2)


Beef: 1 North West


Leeudoringstad, Leeudoringstad Dierekliniek Beef: 3

Free State Bloemfontein, Dr Stephan Wessels

Beef: 3 Harrismith, Harrismith Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2 Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek

Sheep: 1 Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap

Sheep: 1 Zastron, Zastron Dierekliniek



Sucking lice (blue lice) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.5 (2) 2.0 (5) 3.0 (1)


Beef 2.5 (2) 2.0 (5) 3.0 (1)

North West Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2 Leeudoringstad, Leeudoringstad Dierekliniek

Beef: 3 Free State

Bloemfontein, Dr Stephan Wessels Beef: 3

30 | P a g e

Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek Beef: 2


Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek Beef: 1



Beef: 3

Scab mites ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1)


Sheep 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1)


Sheep: 3 North West

Leeudoringstad, Leeudoringstad Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Free State Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap

Sheep: 3 Northern Cape

Calvinia, Calvinia Veeartskliniek Sheep: 3

Four positive farms

Mange Mites ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.3 (6) 1.0 (1)


Beef 2.8 (4) Dairy 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (1)

31 | P a g e

Free State Bultfontein, Greylingsrust Dierespreekkamer

Beef: 3 Demodex






Dairy: 1

Nuisance Flies ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (6) 2.5 (4) 1.7 (3) 2.4 (7) 3.0 (2) 2.3 (12)


Beef 2.3 (4) 2.7 (3) 1.7 (3) 2.3 (4) 3.0 (2) 2.4 (5) Dairy 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) Sheep 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.4 (5) Goat 2.5 (2)


Beef: 1, Sheep: 1 Delmas, Delmas Konsultasie Dienste


Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Standerton, Standerton Dierehospitaal

Beef: 3 North West

Schweizer-Reneke, NJ Heyns Beef: 2, Dairy: 2

Especially seen in dairies Stella, Stella Dierekliniek

Beef: 3 Vryburg, Vryburg Dierehospitaal

Beef: 3 Free State


32 | P a g e

During the last two weeks the population of nuisance flies increased dramatically Ficksburg, Ficksburg Dierekliniek

Beef: 1 Memel, Memel Veterinary Clinic



Dundee, Endumeni Herd health Beef: 3, Sheep: 3, Goat: 3




Beef: 3 Jeffreys Bay, Cape Cross Veterinary Hospital



George, George Animal Hospital Beef: 3, Sheep: 3


Malmesbury, Dr Otto Kriek Beef: 3

Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed Beef: 3, Sheep: 3

Oudtshoorn, Oudtshoorn Dierekliniek Beef: 1, Sheep: 1

Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch Animal Hospital Dairy: 1

Swellendam, Swellendam Dierehospitaal Beef: 2

Blowflies ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.3 (3) 1.0 (2) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2)


Beef 1.5 (2) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) Goat 1.0 (1)

33 | P a g e


Beef: 1, Sheep: 1 Nelspruit, Nelspruit Animal Hospital

Beef: 2 Limpopo

Mokopane, Dr Henk Visser Beef: 1, Sheep: 1

North West Brits, Brits Dierekliniek

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Swartruggens, Swartruggens Veterinary Clinic

Goat: 1 Free State

Winburg, Winburg Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Western Cape Heidelberg (WC), Heidelberg Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2 Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 1

Screw-worm ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.6 (5) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 1.0 (1)


Beef 1.7 (3) 1.0 (1) Sheep 1.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Goat 1.0 (1)

Limpopo Mokopane, Dr Henk Visser

Beef: 1, Sheep: 1 Mokopane, Potgietersrus Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Nylstroom, Nylstroom

Beef: 2 Fly strike – treated numerous wounds (mostly caused by ticks with long mouthparts) infested with maggots. One

farmer has 4 Charolais cattle that lost their ears due to the infestation. Sheep: 2

Free State Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek


Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic

34 | P a g e



Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic Goat: 1 Duiker

Nasal bot larvae ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Sheep 3.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Sheep: 3 Free State

Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek Sheep: 2


Kwazulu-Natal Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic



Obstruction of the nasal sinuses with build-up of mucus in the sinuses

Midges ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.5 (2) 2.0 (3) 1.0 (2) 2.1 (7)


Beef 1.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.5 (4) Dairy 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.5 (2)


35 | P a g e


Beef: 2 Free State

Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek Beef: 2, Dairy: 2, Sheep: 2


Beef: 1, Sheep: 1 Western Cape




Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed Beef: 1

An insect explosion. Associated problems are eye infections. Water in irrigation channels stimulate further insect activity - notably mosquitoes and midges.

Sheep: 1 An insect explosion. Associated problems are eye infections. Water in irrigation channels stimulate further insect

activity - notably mosquitoes and midges. Wellington, Wellington Dierehospitaal

Beef: 3

Tick-borne Diseases

African red water ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.2 (5) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (2) 2.3 (7) 1.8 (4) 2.5 (2)


Beef 2.2 (5) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (2) 2.3 (7) 1.8 (4) 2.0 (1) Dairy 3.0 (1)


Beef: 1 Ermelo, Moregloed Veterinere Spreekkamer

Beef: 2 Grootvlei, Grootvlei Dierekliniek



36 | P a g e

Beef: 2 Gauteng

Nigel, Welgelegen Dierekliniek Beef: 2

Limpopo Machado, Blouberg Dierekliniek


Beef: 1 Free State

Frankfort, Frankfort Dierekliniek Beef: 2

Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap Beef: 2


Beef: 2 Howick, Howick Veterinary Clinic



Beef: 1 Newcastle, Ncanduvet Newcastle

Beef: 3 Pietermaritzburg, Dr Rick Mapham Consultancy




Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic Beef: 2


Uitenhage, Uitenhage Dierehospitaal Beef: 2

Western Cape George, George Animal Hospital

Beef: 2 Heidelberg (WC), Heidelberg Dierekliniek

Dairy: 3

Asiatic red water ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.2 (6) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 2.0 (3) 1.8 (8) 2.0 (1) 1.3 (3)

37 | P a g e


Beef 2.2 (6) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 2.0 (3) 1.9 (7) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) Dairy 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef: 3 Lydenburg, Lydenburg Dierespreekkamer


Beef: 2 Piet Retief, Pets Vet Hospital



Beef: 2 Gauteng

Bronkhorstspruit, Kerkstraat Dierekliniek Beef: 2



Beef: 1 Free State





Beef: 2 Bergville, Tugela Vet Clinic

Beef: 2 Two calves

Dundee, Endumeni Herd health Beef: 2

Severe cases and high mortalities in cattle moved into the area. Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic


Dairy: 1 Pietermaritzburg, Richmond Veterinay Clinic


38 | P a g e

Beef: 1 Mixed tick borne diseases (Theilerias, red water and heartwater)


Eastern Cape Queenstown, Queenstown Veterinary clinic



Heidelberg (WC), Heidelberg Dierekliniek Dairy: 1


Calf

Anaplasmosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.3 (3) 2.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 1.8 (5) 2.0 (14) 1.3 (3) 1.3 (3) 1.8 (6)


Beef 1.3 (3) 2.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 1.8 (5) 1.9 (10) 1.5 (2) 1.3 (3) 1.3 (3)

Dairy 2.3 (4) 1.0 (1) 2.3 (3)




Beef: 2 Gauteng

Pretoria, Anima Veterinary Consulting Rooms Beef: 2

Pretoria, Onderstepoort Academic Hospital and Production Animal Clinic Beef: 3


Beef: 2 North West



39 | P a g e


Ventersdorp, Buffelsvlei Dierekliniek Beef: 2

Vryburg, Vryburg Dierehospitaal Beef: 2


Beef: 1 Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek

Beef: 3, Dairy: 2 Dewetsdorp, Platkop Dierekliniek

Beef: 1, Dairy: 2 Ficksburg, Ficksburg Dierekliniek



Beef: 3 Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Ladybrand, Ladybrand / Excelsior Dierekliniek


Dairy: 3 Winburg, Winburg Dierekliniek



Bergville, Tugela Vet Clinic Beef: 1

Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic Dairy: 1




Beef: 1 Uitenhage, Uitenhage Dierehospitaal





40 | P a g e

Malmesbury, Malmesbury Dierehospitaal Dairy: 3

Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek Dairy: 2

Vredenburg, Vredenburg Dierehospitaal Beef: 1

Anaplasmosis in bull that was bought, he was not vaccinated.

Heartwater ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (4) 2.3 (4) 1.7 (7) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (12) 1.8 (4)


Beef 2.0 (3) 2.0 (1) 1.7 (3) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (8) 1.7 (3) Sheep 2.5 (2) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 2.0 (3) 2.0 (1)



Beef: 2, Goat: 2 Volksrust, Volksrust Dierehospitaal

Beef: 1 A second case on the same farm. The first time heartwater occurred in "my area". Heartwater ticks on cattle.


Sheep: 3 Pretoria, Onderstepoort Academic Hospital and Production Animal Clinic

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2, Goat: 2 Limpopo

Ellisras, Ellisras Dierekliniek Goat: 2

Mokopane, Dr Henk Visser Beef: 1, Sheep: 1, Goat: 1



Reports are received daily of animals with clinical signs of heartwater. Sheep: 3


Beef: 2 Stella, Stella Dierekliniek

Beef: 2

41 | P a g e


Kwazulu-Natal Camperdown, Camperdown Vet Clinic

Beef: 1, Goat: 1 Dundee, Endumeni Herd health

Beef: 2 Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic





Beef: 2 Especially in animals that were born in winter.

Sheep: 2 Vryheid, Gert Theron Vryheid

Beef: 3, Goat: 3 Eastern Cape


Jeffreys Bay, Cape Cross Veterinary Hospital Beef: 1

Uitenhage, Uitenhage Dierehospitaal Beef: 2, Goat: 2

Sweating Sickness ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef: 3 Gauteng


Kwazulu-Natal Pongola, Pongola Animal Clinic


42 | P a g e


Boran calf - 3 months old.

Insect Transmittable Diseases

Lumpy skin disease ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (2) 2.3 (4) 2.0 (1) 1.8 (9)


Beef 3.0 (1) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1) 1.8 (6) Dairy 2.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 1.7 (3)


Beef: 3 In unvaccinated cattle in upcoming farmers.




Beef: 1 Free State

Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Kwazulu-Natal


Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic Beef: 2, Dairy: 2

Howick, Howick Veterinary Clinic Dairy: 3



Caledon, Overberg Veterinary Hospital Beef: 3



Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed

43 | P a g e


Beef: 2 Gourits

Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch Animal Hospital Beef: 2, Dairy: 2


Wellington, Wellington Dierehospitaal Beef: 2

Three farms

Three-day-stiffsickness ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1)


Beef: 3 Limpopo






Blue tongue ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (1)


Sheep 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (1)

44 | P a g e


Sheep: 2 Free State


Eastern Cape Graaff-Reinet, Graaff Reinet Veterinary Clinic

Sheep: 3 Blue tongue in thirty out of 250, 2 to 3 months old lambs, ewes were not vaccinated.


Sheep: 2 Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed

Sheep: 1 Wellington, Wellington Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2 Outbreak very early - no vaccine available


Sheep: 2 Blue tongue in 4 ewes along the river in Grootdrink. Ewes were not vaccinated. Blue tongue usually only occur at end

of January.

Venereal Diseases

Trichomonosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.1 (7) 2.0 (1) 1.8 (4) 2.4 (14) 2.4 (5) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.1 (7) 2.0 (1) 1.8 (4) 2.4 (13) 2.4 (5) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Dairy 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga Ermelo, Joubertstraat Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Two new farms that are infected

Ermelo, Moregloed Veterinere Spreekkamer Beef: 3

Several bulls tested positive during the month. Farms that were negative previously tested positive. This is a major problem in our area. This disease as well as poor nutrition are the reasons for poor conception.

Grootvlei, Grootvlei Dierekliniek Beef: 2

45 | P a g e

Middelburg , Middelburg Dierehospitaal Beef: 1

Standerton, Econovet Beef: 3

Standerton, Standerton Dierehospitaal Beef: 3

Volksrust, Volksrust Dierehospitaal Beef: 1

Limpopo Polokwane, Pietersburg Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 2 Eleven out of 14 bulls tested positive


Beef: 2 2 outbreaks, 1 new outbreak.


New herd Stella, Stella Dierekliniek

Beef: 3 New farm

Ventersdorp, Buffelsvlei Dierekliniek Beef: 1


Beef: 2 Four bulls tested positive on a farm in the Brandfort area. Two bulls teste positive in the Wepener area. These are

new positive farms. Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek




Beef: 3 Ladybrand, Ladybrand / Excelsior Dierekliniek


Beef: 1 New positive farm. One positive bull slaughtered. No positives found on retesting.



Viljoenskroon, Viljoenskroon Dierekliniek Beef: 2

One bull out of a group of 20. A bull that was bought was also positive. Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap

46 | P a g e

Beef: 3 Vrede, Vrede Dierehospitaal





Howick, Howick Veterinary Clinic Beef: 3


Two new positive herds Vryheid, Gert Theron Vryheid



New positive farm Western Cape


Positive bull bought in Northern Cape

Kathu, Kathu Dierekliniek Beef: 2

Incidence in the area is increasing

Vibriosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 2.1 (9) 2.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1) 2.1 (8) Dairy 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef: 3 Free State


Two positive bulls in the Dewetsdorp area and 4 in Bloemfontein area. Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek

47 | P a g e

Beef: 3, Dairy: 2 Dewetsdorp, Platkop Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Ficksburg, Ficksburg Dierekliniek

Beef: 3 One new farm with infection






Dairy: 2

Pizzle disease ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1)


Sheep 1.0 (1)


Sheep: 1

Bacterial Disease (other)

Listeriosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)


Dairy 2.0 (1)


Dairy: 2

48 | P a g e

Other ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2)


Beef 2.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (1)

Eastern Cape Graaff-Reinet, Camdeboo Veterinary Clinic

Goat: 2 Clostridium perfringens B (lamb dysentry-bloedpens) - young kids, intensive systems with cold spells.

Western Cape Stellenbosch, Provincial Veterinary Laboratory

Sheep: 1 Single incident of Streptococcal bacterial encephalitis in a two-month-old lamb


Pasteurella pneumonia in calves under 6 mnths

Blackquarter ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.3 (3) 1.0 (3) 1.0 (1) 1.8 (8) 1.5 (4)


Beef 1.5 (2) 1.0 (3) 1.0 (1) 1.7 (7) 1.5 (4) Dairy 2.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (1)

Mpumalanga Bethal, Bethal Dierekliniek

Sheep: 1 Ermelo, Joubertstraat Dierekliniek


Beef: 2 Limpopo


Mokopane, Dr Henk Visser

49 | P a g e


Beef: 1 North West

Swartruggens, Swartruggens Veterinary Clinic Beef: 1

Free State Bethlehem, Bethlehem Animal Hospital

Beef: 2 Clostridium sordelli and C. septicum Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek


Beef: 1 Frankfort, Frankfort Dierekliniek


Beef: 2 Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap

Beef: 2 Wesselsbron, Wesselsbron Dierekliniek





Underberg, Underberg Veterinary Surgery Beef: 2

Pulpy Kidney ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.5 (2) 1.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 1.6 (7) 1.5 (2) 2.0 (4) 1.6 (5) 2.0 (1)


Beef 1.0 (1) Sheep 2.5 (2) 2.5 (2) 1.6 (7) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (3) 1.8 (4) 2.0 (1) Goat 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Sheep: 3 Volksrust, Volksrust Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2

50 | P a g e

Gauteng Bronkhorstspruit, Kerkstraat Dierekliniek

Goat: 1 North West

Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal Sheep: 2

Stella, Stella Dierekliniek Sheep: 3

Free State Ficksburg, Ficksburg Dierekliniek

Sheep: 1 Frankfort, Frankfort Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2 Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2 Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2 Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2 Viljoenskroon, Viljoenskroon Dierekliniek




Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic Sheep: 2


Sheep: 1 Graaff-Reinet, Camdeboo Veterinary Clinic

Sheep: 2, Goat: 2 Middelburg (EC), Steynsburg Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 3 Year old lambs Western Cape


Ewe that was not vaccinated had rumen acidosis Malmesbury, Malmesbury Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 1 Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed

Sheep: 3 Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2 Swellendam, Swellendam Dierehospitaal

Goat: 1 Northern Cape

De Aar, De Aar Veterinary Clinic

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Sheep: 2

Swelled head disease ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)

Mpumalanga Standerton, Standerton Dierehospitaal


Beef: 2 Gauteng




Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic Sheep: 1


Sheep: 1

Redgut (cattle) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.5 (2) 1.8 (5) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1)


Beef 1.5 (2) 1.8 (4) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)



Beef: 2 Free State

52 | P a g e









Blood gut (Sheep) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 1.0 (1)


Sheep 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga Ermelo, Moregloed Veterinere Spreekkamer

Sheep: 1 Machadodorp, Machadodorp Veterinary Services

Sheep: 3 30-40 sheep dead


Sheep: 3 Free State

Frankfort, Frankfort Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Kwazulu-Natal Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic



Graaff-Reinet, Aberdeen, Klipplaat, De Rust Graaff-Reinet, Graaff Reinet Veterinary Clinic

Sheep: 1

53 | P a g e

Blood cases on the increase Western Cape


Tetanus ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.5 (2) 1.0 (1)


Beef 1.0 (1) Sheep 1.5 (2)


Sheep: 2 Bultfontein, Greylingsrust Dierespreekkamer



Botulism ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 2.0 (4)


Beef 1.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 2.0 (3) Sheep 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga Middelburg , Middelburg Dierehospitaal

Beef: 1 North West



Four died Free State


54 | P a g e


Cattle received chicken litter, 12 animals as downers Winburg, Winburg Dierekliniek


Sheep: 2

Salmonellosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.5 (2) 1.0 (1) 1.5 (2)


Beef 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.5 (2)


Dairy: 2 Standerton, Standerton Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2 North West

Stella, Stella Dierekliniek Beef: 3

Free State Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek

Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Kwazulu-Natal


Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic Dairy: 3

Eastern Cape Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic

Dairy: 1 Western Cape



6 months old Jersey heifer

Brucella abortus ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

55 | P a g e

Average 2.0 (2) 2.5 (2) 3.0 (2) 2.2 (13) 1.0 (2) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (2) 2.5 (2) 3.0 (2) 2.2 (12) 1.0 (2) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1)

Dairy 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga Ermelo, Moregloed Veterinêre Spreekkamer


Beef: 3 Limpopo

Machado, Blouberg Dierekliniek Beef: 2

Five positive Mokopane, Dr Henk Visser

Beef: 3 Abortion storm 57 out of 94 animals bled positive on complement fixation test. Herd not vaccinated and farmer does

not speculate. Infection must have been introduced by infected placenta from neighbouring infected herd. North West

Brits, Brits Dierekliniek Beef: 3

Large numbers of positive animals sold at sales Stella, Stella Dierekliniek

Beef: 3 Positive cattle bought in. New outbreak.


Beef: 2 New infection of brucellosis on a farm in the Petrusburg area.





Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal Beef: 2




56 | P a g e




Kwazulu-Natal Newcastle, Ncanduvet Newcastle

Beef: 1 New positive herd, animals bought in


Western Cape Malmesbury, Dr Otto Kriek

Beef: 1 New farm with infection


Northern Cape Kathu, Kathu Dierekliniek

Beef: 1 New herd

Brucella ovis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Sheep 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1)




A major problem in the Karoo. Experiencing major problems in the Meatmaster breed. Poor biosecurity measures remains a big factor


Sheep: 2 Rev 1 vaccine not available

Bovine Tuberculosis ^

PROVINCE Mpumalanga Gauteng Limpopo North Free Kwazulu- Eastern Western Northern

57 | P a g e

West State Natal Cape Cape Cape

Average 1.0 (1)


Beef 1.0 (1)


Beef: 1

Johne`s disease ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 2.0 (2)


Beef 1.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (2)




First positive case seen in the immediate vicinity of George. On the farm of a speculator who buys and sells sheep. Heidelberg (WC), Heidelberg Dierekliniek

Sheep: 1

Leptospirosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.7 (3) 1.0 (1)


Beef 1.5 (2) 1.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1)


Beef: 2, Dairy: 2

58 | P a g e



Beef: 1

Septicaemia ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1)

Eastern Cape Jeffreys Bay, Cape Cross Veterinary Hospital


Stellenbosch, Provincial Veterinary Laboratory Beef: 1

Stellenbosch area: Streptococcus uberis and a haemolytic E. coli was isolated from lung, spleen and liver samples from a calf carcase that presented with effusions in the body cavities.

Enzootic Abortion ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1)


Sheep 1.0 (1)


Sheep: 1 Confirmed with DNA - 6 weeks post vaccination of flock before mating

E.coli ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (5) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (4) 2.3 (3) 2.8 (4)

Level of importance scale: 1 = one case, 2 = more than one case but less than ten and 3 = more than 10 cases

59 | P a g e

reported

Beef 2.3 (4) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.5 (2) Sheep 1.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 3.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (1)



Sheep: 1 Machadodorp, Machadodorp Veterinary Services

Beef: 3 In calves

Nelspruit, Nelspruit Animal Hospital Beef: 2

Standerton, Econovet Beef: 3


Goat: 2 North West


Free State Viljoenskroon, Viljoenskroon Dierekliniek

Beef: 3 Severe E.coli infection in calves. Two to 4 week old calves on several farms.



Dairy: 3 Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic




Infection in feedlot - poor quality sheep - ate faecal contaminated food Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic

Dairy: 2 Calves

Queenstown, Queenstown Veterinary clinic Sheep: 3

E. coli meningitis Western Cape

George, George Animal Hospital

60 | P a g e

Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 Malmesbury, Malmesbury Dierehospitaal

Dairy: 3 Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch Animal Hospital

Dairy: 2

Dermatophilosis (Lumpy Wool) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1)


Sheep 1.0 (1)


Sheep: 1

Intrauterine Gangrene ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Sheep 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Free State Zastron, Zastron Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2 Northern Cape

Kuruman, Kuruman Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Fusibacterium necrophorum ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1)


Dairy 1.0 (1)

61 | P a g e


Dairy: 1

Protozoal diseases (other)

Coccidiosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.7 (3) 2.3 (3) 1.5 (2) 1.8 (6) 1.4 (5) 2.5 (4) 2.0 (6)


Beef 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.3 (3) 2.5 (2) 3.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) Sheep 2.0 (2) 2.5 (2) 1.8 (4) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (3) Goat 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 2.0 (1)



Sheep: 2 Standerton, Econovet

Sheep: 2 Gauteng

Nigel, Welgelegen Dierekliniek Goat: 2


Pretoria, Onderstepoort Academic Hospital and Production Animal Clinic Sheep: 2 Limpopo


Polokwane, Pietersburg Veterinary Clinic Goat: 1


Sheep: 3 Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek

Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal



Sheep: 1

62 | P a g e

Kwazulu-Natal Camperdown, Camperdown Vet Clinic

Beef: 1 Dundee, Endumeni Herd health


Goat: 2 Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic

Beef: 1, Goat: 1 Eastern Cape





Western Cape Beaufort West, Beaufort West State Vet

Sheep: 2 Large worm egg count numbers in lambs - especially on fields



Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal Sheep: 1


Fungal diseases

Ringworm ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (2) 2.3 (4) 2.1 (8) 2.1 (7) 1.0 (1) 1.8 (5) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (2) 2.3 (4) 2.1 (7) 2.2 (5) 1.0 (1) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1)



63 | P a g e

Beef: 3 North West



Leeudoringstad, Leeudoringstad Dierekliniek Beef: 3 Calves






Beef: 2 Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek





Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic Beef: 3







Beaufort West, Beaufort West State Vet Beef: 2

Ringworm seen on one farm Heidelberg (WC), Heidelberg Dierekliniek

Dairy: 1

64 | P a g e


Stellenbosch, Provincial Veterinary Laboratory Sheep: 3

Trichophyton verrucosum dermatophytosis in approximately 1% of flock with lesions starting around the horn bases and in severe cases extending over the entire facial plane including the ears, eyes and nostrils, with secondary

bacterial infection, most notably Staphylococcus, Moraxella bovis and Trueperella pyogenes. Treatment with F10 spray seems effective.


Northern Cape Kuruman, Kuruman Dierekliniek

Beef: 2

Viral Diseases (other)

BMC ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.3 (3) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef 1.3 (3) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef: 1 Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2 One farmer lost 49 cattle. Wildebeest associated. Game farmer. Very rare to get such a big outbreak. Lost no cattle

the previous 14 years. Rustenburg, Protea Dierekliniek

Beef: 1 Free State


Kwazulu-Natal Pongola, Pongola Animal Clinic

Beef: 3 More than 90 weaners died in a feedlot.


Beef: 1

Rabies ^


65 | P a g e


Average 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Sheep 1.0 (1) Goat 1.0 (1)


Goat: 1 Rabies in an Angora goat in Prins Albert, laboratory confirmed

Northern Cape Calvinia, Calvinia Veeartskliniek

Sheep: 1 Sheep positive for rabies at Brandvlei farm

BVD (Bovine viral diarrhoea) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.5 (2)


Beef 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1)


Beef: 2 North West



Dairy: 2 Swellendam, Swellendam Dierehospitaal

Beef: 3

IBR (Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (3)

66 | P a g e


Beef 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (3) Dairy 3.0 (1)


Beef: 2 Free State

Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek Dairy: 3





Beef: 3

Enzootic Bovine Leucosis (EBL) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 1.0 (2) 3.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (2)


Beef 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Dairy 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef: 1 Gauteng


1 Bovelder heifer about 10 months old positive out of 100 in group. Tested for export. Dairy: 1

50% Friesian heifers positive that was destined for export. Free State



Kwazulu-Natal Vryheid, Gert Theron Vryheid

67 | P a g e


Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic Dairy: 2


Beef: 1 Malmesbury, Malmesbury Dierehospitaal

Dairy: 1

Orf ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (2) 1.5 (2) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (2) 1.3 (4)


Sheep 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (2) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (2) Goat 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.5 (2)

Mpumalanga Lydenburg, Lydenburg Dierespreekkamer

Sheep: 2 Gauteng


Polokwane, Pietersburg Veterinary Clinic Goat: 1


Sheep: 1 Leeudoringstad, Leeudoringstad Dierekliniek

Sheep: 1 One flock,sheep bought in and sheep on farm got infected

Free State Bothaville, Cape Cross Bothaville Veterinary Hospital

Sheep: 1 Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal

Goat: 2 Kwazulu-Natal

Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic Sheep: 2, Goat: 2


Goat: 3 Jansenville, Graaff-Reinet, Pearston

Queenstown, Queenstown Veterinary clinic

68 | P a g e



Orf in Merino's Goat: 2

Orf in goats Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed

Goat: 1 Oudtshoorn, Oudtshoorn Dierekliniek

Sheep: 1

Warts ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (3) 1.5 (2) 3.0 (2) 1.7 (6) 1.4 (9) 1.0 (1) 1.5 (4) 1.5 (2)


Beef 2.0 (3) 1.5 (2) 3.0 (2) 1.8 (5) 1.5 (8) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1) Dairy 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (2) Sheep 2.0 (1)




Beef: 1 Limpopo




Beef: 3 Calves



Beef: 1 Bloemfontein, Dr Stephan Wessels


Beef: 2

69 | P a g e

Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek Beef: 2, Dairy: 1




Beef: 1 Camperdown, Camperdown Vet Clinic


Beef: 1 Ingogo, Gen XY Stud Beef Consultancy


Beef: 2, Dairy: 1 Pietermaritzburg, Richmond Veterinay Clinic






Dairy: 1 Malmesbury, Malmesbury Dierehospitaal


Beef: 2 Northern Cape

Kathu, Kathu Dierekliniek Beef: 1

Kuruman, Kuruman Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Poisonings (Plant) and Fungal

Cardiac glycoside poisoning ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (2) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1)


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Beef 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (2) 2.0 (2) Sheep 1.0 (1)


Beef: 3 Gauteng



Beef: 2 North West


Slangkop Vryburg, Vryburg Dierehospitaal

Beef: 3 Slangkop

Kwazulu-Natal Dundee, Endumeni Herd health

Beef: 2 Sudden death with very few clinical signs, confirmed on PM and histology.



Sheep: 1 Various tulips after some spring rains

Cestrum ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (2)


Beef 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (2)


Beef: 2 Two animals died on 2 farms



Beef: 2

71 | P a g e


Beef: 3 Free State


10 cattle died when they were moved into a new camp. There were 40 cattle and a bull in the herd. Bull was very sick but he survived after treatment


Cynanchum poisoning ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1)


Beef: 3

Facial eczema ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 1.7 (3)


Beef 2.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (1) 1.5 (2)





Rye grass Sheep: 2 Rye grass

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Geeldikkop/Dikoor ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Sheep 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Limpopo Nylstroom, Nylstroom


Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal Sheep: 2

Gifblaar ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 1.5 (2)


Beef 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) Goat 2.0 (1)


Beef: 1 Limpopo

Ellisras, Ellisras Dierekliniek Goat: 2



Beef: 2 Swartruggens, Swartruggens Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 1

Gousiekte ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

73 | P a g e

Average 1.5 (2)


Sheep 1.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (1)


Sheep: 1 Farmer lost 9 Pedi sheep. Histopathology suggests gousiekte was the cause. It is also suspected that gousiekte was

the cause of death in 2 cattle mortalities. Polokwane, Pietersburg Veterinary Clinic

Goat: 2

Lantana ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef: 3 Limpopo


Nenta poisoning (Krimpsiekte) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)


Sheep 2.0 (1)

Western Cape Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed

Sheep: 2

Prussic acid poisoning ^

74 | P a g e


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (2)


Sheep 2.0 (2)

Eastern Cape Middelburg (EC), Steynsburg Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 3 Kweek, 10 farms


Rye grass poisoning ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)


Sheep 2.0 (1)


Sheep: 2

Seneciosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1)


Sheep 3.0 (1)


Sheep: 3

Tulip Poisoning ^


75 | P a g e


Average 2.4 (5) 2.5 (2) 2.0 (5) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef 2.4 (5) 2.5 (2) 2.0 (4) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1)

Mpumalanga Ermelo, Joubertstraat Dierekliniek





Beef: 3 Gauteng





Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Harrismith, Harrismith Dierehospitaal








Vermeersiekte (Gaigeria spp.) ^


76 | P a g e


Average 3.0 (1)


Sheep 3.0 (1)

Free State Vrede, Vrede Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 3

Micotoxicosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1)


Dairy 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1)



Malmesbury, Invitrotech Dairy: 3

Mycotoxicosis: Oats silage, production losses of up to 5L per day, poor conceptions, Resorbsions occur up to 3 months pregnancy. Retarded involution of the uterus, Metritis (endometritis)

Other ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.3 (3)


Beef 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (1)


Beef: 2 Diplodiosis (B 2)

77 | P a g e


Beef: 1 Suspect Fusarium moneliforme in a Zebra.


Beef: 3 Queenstown, Queenstown Veterinary clinic

Beef: 1 Ganskweek

Western Cape Malmesbury, Invitrotech

Beef: 3 Mycotoxicosis Oats silage- production loss of 5 litre per cow per day; poor conception rate: resorbtion up to 3 months

pregnancy; retarded involution of the uterus; metritis and endometritis. Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed

Sheep: 2 Geelbos (Galenia africana)

Goat: 2 Geelbos (Galenia africana)

Poisonings

Urea Poisoning ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.2 (5)


Beef 1.7 (3) Dairy 3.0 (1) Sheep 3.0 (1)


Beef: 3 Farmer in the Brandfort area lost 8 heifers with urea poisoning after the first rain, managed to save 10 heifers. He was

making use of high content urea lick. Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek

Dairy: 3, Sheep: 3 Ficksburg, Ficksburg Dierekliniek


Beef: 1

Snake Bite ^

78 | P a g e


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Dairy 1.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (1)

Free State Wesselsbron, Wesselsbron Dierekliniek



Chemical products ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Sheep 3.0 (1)

Limpopo Vaalwater, Vaalwater dierekliniek en Wilddienste

Beef: 1 One cow with organophosphate poisoning.


Sheep: 3 Workers overdosed lambs with Valbazen dewormer instead of giving lambs 1-2 ml gave them 20 ml - 22 lambs died.


Beef: 2 Copper poisoning

Other ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)

79 | P a g e


Goat 2.0 (1)


Goat: 2 Iron (Fe) excess

Macro Nutritional Problems

Energy deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.5 (6) 2.5 (2) 2.1 (7) 2.5 (15) 2.9 (15) 3.0 (1) 1.5 (2)


Beef 2.5 (6) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (5) 2.5 (10) 2.8 (9)

Dairy 3.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 2.5 (4) 3.0 (3) 3.0 (1) 1.5 (2) Goat 3.0 (3)


Beef: 1 Bethal, Bethal Dierekliniek





Beef: 3 Gauteng




Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal

80 | P a g e




Beef: 1 Free State

Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek Beef: 3, Dairy: 3, Sheep: 3

Dewetsdorp, Platkop Dierekliniek Sheep: 2


General problem Frankfort, Frankfort Dierekliniek





Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 Wesselsbron, Wesselsbron Dierekliniek






Camperdown, Camperdown Vet Clinic Beef: 3, Goat: 3



Pietermaritzburg, Richmond Veterinay Clinic Beef: 3, Sheep: 3, Goat: 3


Drought, poor grazing conditions. Underberg, Underberg Veterinary Surgery


81 | P a g e

Beef: 3, Sheep: 3, Goat: 3 Eastern Cape


Poor grazing, ewes in poor condition, poor milk supply resulting in lambs dying Western Cape


Lambs affected (ewes in poor condition i.e. poor milk production) Caledon, Overberg Veterinary Hospital

Sheep: 1

Protein deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.4 (5) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.1 (7) 2.6 (9) 2.9 (12) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (2)


Beef 2.4 (5) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (5) 2.6 (7) 2.8 (6) 3.0 (1) Dairy 3.0 (1) Sheep 2.5 (2) 2.5 (2) 3.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) Goat 3.0 (3)






Beef: 2 Gauteng



Beef: 3 Downer animals due to poor quality food


Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal


82 | P a g e



Beef: 1 Free State

Bethlehem, Bethlehem Animal Hospital Beef: 1

Animals in poor condition Dewetsdorp, Platkop Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2 Ficksburg, Ficksburg Dierekliniek

Beef: 3 General problem



Vrede, Vrede Dierehospitaal Beef: 3, Sheep: 3

Wesselsbron, Wesselsbron Dierekliniek Beef: 3






Beef: 3, Sheep: 3, Goat: 3 Underberg, Underberg Veterinary Surgery

Beef: 3 Poor body condition. Lack of rain, poor veld management

Dairy: 3 Poor body condition. Lack of rain, poor veld management. First calvers especially affected.


Poor grazing conditions Sheep: 3

Poor grazing conditions Goat: 3

Poor grazing conditions Eastern Cape


Poor grazing, ewes in poor condition, poor milk supply resulting in lambs dying Western Cape

83 | P a g e



Beef: 3 Mismothering due to poor grazing. Due to poor grazing animals conceived later.

Sheep: 3 Mismothering due to poor grazing. Due to poor grazing ewes conceived later.

Phosphate deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.5 (2) 2.5 (2) 1.0 (1)


Beef 1.5 (2) 2.5 (2) 1.0 (1)



Beef: 1 North West




Beef: 1 Farmer sick, phosphate lick was not given to animals

Calcium deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2) 2.0 (5) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef 1.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.7 (3) Dairy 1.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef: 1

84 | P a g e

Standerton, Standerton Dierehospitaal Beef: 2


Beef: 2 Free State


Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal Dairy: 1









Dairy: 2

Micro Nutritional Problems

Iodine deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (2)


Beef 2.0 (2)



Beef: 2

Copper deficiency ^


85 | P a g e


Average 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1) 2.5 (4) 1.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1) 2.3 (3) Dairy 3.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (1) Goat 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Goat: 1 Piet Retief, Pets Vet Hospital

Beef: 3 Free State







Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch Animal Hospital Goat: 1

Zinc deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1)


Beef: 2

Selenium deficiency ^

86 | P a g e


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.8 (4) 3.0 (1) 2.5 (8) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.7 (3) 2.3 (6) 2.0 (1) Dairy 3.0 (2) Sheep 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1)




Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 North West

Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal Sheep: 3



Beef: 3, Dairy: 3 Howick, Howick Veterinary Clinic


Beef: 3, Dairy: 3 Newcastle, Ncanduvet Newcastle

Beef: 1 Selenium deficiency in a herd.



Beef: 2

Magnesium deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1)

87 | P a g e


Beef: 2

Manganese deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)


Goat 2.0 (1)


Goat: 2

Iodine deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1)


Beef: 2

Vitamin A deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.5 (2) 3.0 (2) 3.0 (2) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.5 (2) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Sheep 3.0 (1) Goat 3.0 (1)


88 | P a g e


Beef: 2 Grazing still relative dry. Retained placentas.



Camperdown, Camperdown Vet Clinic Beef: 3, Goat: 3 Western Cape


Vitamin B deficiency ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (2) 2.5 (2)


Beef 2.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1) 2.5 (2)



Vredenburg, Vredenburg Dierehospitaal Sheep: 3

Vitamin B1 deficiency in sheep on bitter lupins. Wellington, Wellington Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 2 Vitamin B1 deficiency, very dry grazing

Multi-factorial Disease Conditions

Abortions ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (6) 1.0 (1) 1.8 (4) 2.2 (14) 2.4 (8) 2.0 (2) 2.2 (6)


Beef 2.0 (5) 1.8 (4) 2.3 2.2 (5) 3.0 (1) 2.7 (3)

89 | P a g e

(11) Dairy 1.5 (2) 3.0 (2) 2.0 (2) Sheep 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1)



Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Standerton, Econovet



Beef: 1 Gauteng




Beef: 1 Schweizer-Reneke, NJ Heyns


Beef: 1 Free State



Dewetsdorp, Platkop Dierekliniek Beef: 2



Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal Beef: 2





Awaiting results from laboratory

90 | P a g e





Dairy: 3 Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic

Beef: 3, Dairy: 3 Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic






Beef: 2 Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal

Dairy: 1 Malmesbury, Dr Otto Kriek

Beef: 3 Malmesbury, Malmesbury Dierehospitaal

Dairy: 3 Stellenbosch, Provincial Veterinary Laboratory

Goat: 1 Tulbagh area: A lung and spleen pool from an aborted foetus tested PCR positive for Chlamydophila abortus. E. coli

was isolated from lung, spleen and brain samples. This combination is often seen at this laboratory. Swellendam, Swellendam Dierehospitaal

Beef: 3

Stillbirths ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1) Dairy 3.0 (1)


91 | P a g e



Abscesses ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.8 (5) 1.0 (2) 2.0 (3) 1.7 (3) 1.6 (8) 2.0 (13) 1.0 (1) 1.6 (8) 2.0 (3)


Beef 1.8 (4) 2.0 (2) 1.7 (3) 1.8 (4) 1.8 (5) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (1) Dairy 1.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 2.0 (2) Sheep 1.0 (2) 1.7 (3) 2.0 (3) 1.5 (2) Goat 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (3) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (2)




Beef: 2, Goat: 2 Nelspruit, Nelspruit Animal Hospital

Beef: 2 Accompanied by bont tick infestation


Sheep: 1 Pretoria, Onderstepoort Academic Hospital and Production Animal Clinic

Sheep: 1 Corynebacterium abscessation (CLA)

Limpopo Polokwane, Pietersburg Veterinary Clinic

Beef: 2, Goat: 2 Vaalwater, Vaalwater dierekliniek en Wilddienste

Beef: 2 Abscess of prescapular lymphnode. Occlusion of the prepuce in a young bull due to neglected abscessation.




Beef: 1 Free State

Bothaville, Cape Cross Bothaville Veterinary Hospital

92 | P a g e

Sheep: 1 Sheep died due to abscesses in the lungs



Ladybrand, Ladybrand / Excelsior Dierekliniek Beef: 2, Dairy: 1




Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic





Beef: 3, Sheep: 3, Goat: 3 Pongola, Pongola Animal Clinic



Aberdeen Western Cape


Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal Dairy: 1



Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed Beef: 1, Sheep: 1, Goat: 1



Goat: 3 Kuruman, Kuruman Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Kalwers

93 | P a g e

Goat: 1

Abscesses in general ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (4) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (2) Dairy 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1)


Beef: 2 Gauteng


Caused by tick bites. Ticks with long mouthparts between claws leading to lameness, foot problems, joint infections and screw-worm infestation.


Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek



Bladder stones ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1)


Goat 1.0 (1)


Goat: 1 High concentrate diet with noprophylactic measures: phosphate stones

Blindness ^

94 | P a g e


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (6) 1.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (4) Dairy 2.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1) Goat 1.0 (1)


Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Memel, Memel Veterinary Clinic




Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic Goat: 1

Bloat ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.6 (7) 1.7 (3) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (2)


Beef 1.4 (5) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1)


Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Ladybrand, Ladybrand / Excelsior Dierekliniek

Beef: 1, Sheep: 2 Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal



Beef: 1

95 | P a g e






Western Cape Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal

Dairy: 1 Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch Animal Hospital

Beef: 1 Oats field - acidosis- one dead

Blood gut (sheep and goat) ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1)


Goat 1.0 (1)

Western Cape Stellenbosch, Provincial Veterinary Laboratory

Goat: 1 Wellington area: Clostridium perfringens was isolated from a small intestine sample.

Blue udder ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.3 (3) 3.0 (1) 1.5 (4)


Dairy 1.5 (2) 2.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.3 (3)


Sheep: 1 North West

Leeudoringstad, Leeudoringstad Dierekliniek

96 | P a g e

Sheep: 3 Three died in the flock that was infected with orf


Dairy: 1 Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek

Dairy: 2 Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap



Ewes - 7-8 week lactation Western Cape



Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Stellenbosch, Provincial Veterinary Laboratory Dairy: 2

Ceres area: Bacillus cereus was isolated from a milk sample from a cow. These bacteria are not commonly associated with mastitis, but can cause gangrenous mastitis.

Diarrhoea ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (4) 1.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 2.5 (4) 2.2 (10) 2.4 (9) 2.0 (3) 2.6 (7)


Beef 2.0 (4) 1.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 2.5 (4) 2.3 (7) 2.4 (5) 2.7 (3) Dairy 3.0 (2) 2.0 (2) 2.3 (3) Sheep 2.0 (3) 3.0 (1) Goat 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1)





Beef: 3 Gauteng

97 | P a g e



Beef: 2 Suspected viral, calves




Beef: 3 Calves in veld








Beef: 3, Sheep: 2 Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Vrede, Vrede Dierehospitaal




Bergville, Tugela Vet Clinic Goat: 2






98 | P a g e



Dairy: 2 Due to problem with colostrum management


Aberdeen, Klipplaat Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic



Common this time of the year. Sheep: 3




Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek Dairy: 3 Calves


Rota virus (B 1)

Eye Cancer ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.4 (5) 1.8 (4) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2)


Beef 1.0 (2) 1.0 (2) 2.0 (1) Dairy 1.7 (3) 2.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Dairy: 2 Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal

Beef: 1, Dairy: 1 Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek


Howick, Howick Veterinary Clinic

99 | P a g e

Beef: 1, Dairy: 3 Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic





Dairy: 2 Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2

Eye infections ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.8 (9) 2.0 (2) 2.7 (9) 2.5 (20) 2.4 (10) 1.3 (3) 2.0 (9) 2.0 (1)


Beef 1.9 (7) 2.0 (1) 2.6 (7) 2.5 (13) 2.4 (5) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (4) 2.0 (1)

Dairy 2.3 (3) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (3) Sheep 1.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (2) 2.5 (4) 2.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) Goat 2.5 (2) 1.0 (1)


Beef: 1, Sheep: 1 Ermelo, Moregloed Veterinere Spreekkamer



Beef: 3 Heavy fly load

Nelspruit, Nelspruit Animal Hospital Beef: 2

Accompanied by higk fly populations Standerton, Econovet

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Standerton, Standerton Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2 Gauteng


100 | P a g e




Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 Leeudoringstad, Leeudoringstad Dierekliniek





Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 Free State



Bultfontein, Greylingsrust Dierespreekkamer Sheep: 2




Harrismith, Harrismith Dierehospitaal Beef: 3, Sheep: 3

Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal Beef: 2, Dairy: 2, Sheep: 2


Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek Beef: 3, Dairy: 2, Sheep: 3






Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Dundee, Endumeni Herd health

101 | P a g e

Beef: 3 Ingogo, Gen XY Stud Beef Consultancy






Jansenville Graaff-Reinet, Graaff Reinet Veterinary Clinic

Sheep: 2 Queenstown, Queenstown Veterinary clinic



Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal Beef: 2, Dairy: 2, Sheep: 2


Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed Beef: 2, Sheep: 2




Beef: 2

Joint Ill ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (2) 1.5 (4) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (2) 1.5 (4) Dairy 2.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1)


Beef: 1

102 | P a g e


Beef: 1 Septic arthritis


Beef: 1 North West



Beef: 1 Calf, 2 months old, with severe swollen knee. Joint was inflamed








Northern Cape Calvinia, Calvinia Veeartskliniek

Sheep: 2

Lameness/Foot Problems ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (3) 3.0 (3) 2.0 (1) 2.6 (5) 1.9 (7) 2.0 (2) 2.1 (9) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (3) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.3 (3) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 1.8 (4) Dairy 3.0 (2) 2.3 (3) 2.5 (2) Sheep 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.3 (3) 2.0 (1) Goat 3.0 (1) 1.5 (2)



103 | P a g e


Beef: 3 Due to muddy conditions


Beef: 3, Sheep: 3, Goat: 3 North West



Beef: 2 Hooves of bulls standing in kraal became grown out which crack and bulls become lame


Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek Dairy: 3



Sheep: 1, Goat: 1 Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic




Goat: 2 Pietermaritzburg, Richmond Veterinay Clinic


Aliwal North, Uitspan C Troskie Beef: 1



Sheep: 2 Ceres, Ceres Veterinary Hospital

Sheep: 2 Laminitis


Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal Beef: 1

Malmesbury, Dr Otto Kriek Dairy: 2

104 | P a g e





Sheep: 2

Lung infection ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (7) 1.8 (5) 3.0 (3) 2.2 (5) 1.8 (5) 2.6 (12) 2.0 (4) 2.4 (8) 1.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (5) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 2.3 (3) 1.8 (5) 2.6 (5) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) Dairy 2.8 (4) 2.5 (2) 2.7 (3) Sheep 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 2.3 (3) Goat 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)




Beef: 2, Goat: 2 Grootvlei, Grootvlei Dierekliniek

Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Piet Retief, Pets Vet Hospital

Beef: 2 Gauteng

Bronkhorstspruit, Kerkstraat Dierekliniek Beef: 1, Goat: 1

Nigel, Welgelegen Dierekliniek Sheep: 3, Goat: 3

Pretoria, Onderstepoort Academic Hospital and Production Animal Clinic Sheep: 1 Limpopo


Pasteurellosis Sheep: 3

Pasteurellosis Goat: 3

Pasteurellosis

105 | P a g e



Beef: 2, Sheep: 2, Goat: 2 Schweizer-Reneke, NJ Heyns

Beef: 3 Young animals









Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic Dairy: 3, Sheep: 2

Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic Beef: 2, Dairy: 2, Goat: 2


Underberg, Underberg Veterinary Surgery Beef: 3 Calves Dairy: 3 Calves

Vryheid, Gert Theron Vryheid Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 Eastern Cape

Alexandria, Alexandria Platteland Spreekkamer Dairy: 2


Aberdeen Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic

Dairy: 3 Uitenhage, Uitenhage Dierehospitaal



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Aspiration pneumonia Caledon, Overberg Veterinary Hospital

Sheep: 3 Pasteurellosis

Ceres, Ceres Veterinary Hospital Sheep: 2


Seasonal change Malmesbury, Dr Otto Kriek


Dairy: 3 Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek

Dairy: 2 Calves



Goat: 1

Mastitis in general ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (5) 1.0 (2) 1.0 (2) 3.0 (2) 1.8 (4) 2.1 (8) 1.8 (5) 2.2 (12)


Beef 2.5 (2) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (2) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.8 (4) 3.0 (1) 2.3 (4) Dairy 1.7 (3) 2.5 (2) 2.5 (4) 1.5 (4) 2.3 (7) Sheep 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Dairy: 1 Delmas, Delmas Konsultasie Dienste


Dairy: 2 Machadodorp, Machadodorp Veterinary Services

Beef: 3 E.coli, due to muddy conditions

Standerton, Standerton Dierehospitaal Dairy: 2


Sheep: 1

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Beef: 1 North West

Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal Beef: 3, Sheep: 3


Dairy: 3 Ficksburg, Ficksburg Dierekliniek



Dairy: 2 Kwazulu-Natal




Estcourt, Estcourt Vet Clinic Dairy: 2






Dairy: 2 Humansdorp, Humansdorp Veterinary Clinic

Dairy: 2 Jeffreys Bay, Cape Cross Veterinary Hospital

Beef: 3 Queenstown, Queenstown Veterinary clinic

Dairy: 1 Uitenhage, Uitenhage Dierehospitaal


Caledon, Overberg Veterinary Hospital Dairy: 1, Sheep: 1

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Blue udder mastitis caused by Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus George, George Animal Hospital


Dairy: 1 Malmesbury, Bergzight Dierehospitaal



Dairy: 3 Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed


Dairy: 3 Stellenbosch, Provincial Veterinary Laboratory

Dairy: 2 A farm in the Swellendam area had several mastitis cases. Most of the cases were coliform mastitis. Bacteria isolated were mostly E. coli, but one sample yielded Citrobacter diversus and another Serratia marescesens. Pseudomonas

aeruginosa was isolated from another sample. Clinically Pseudomonas aeruginosa mastitis can look similar to coliform mastitis. Mannheimia varigena was also isolated from a sample.


Navel Ill ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Dairy 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)


Beef: 2 North West

Swartruggens, Swartruggens Veterinary Clinic Beef: 1

Umbilical hernia in a 3 week old calf, strangulation of intestines. Free State



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Alexandria, Alexandria Platteland Spreekkamer Dairy: 1


Dairy: 1

Trauma ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (3) 1.5 (2)


Beef 1.0 (1) 1.5 (2) Sheep 1.0 (1) Goat 1.0 (1)


Beef: 1, Sheep: 1, Goat: 1 Kwazulu-Natal



Downer ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.5 (2) 2.0 (2) 2.7 (3) 2.3 (6)


Beef 2.5 (2) 2.0 (2) 2.7 (3) 2.3 (4) Dairy 2.5 (2)


Beef: 2 Pretoria, Onderstepoort Academic Hospital and Production Animal Clinic

Beef: 3 Limpopo


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Vaalwater, Vaalwater dierekliniek en Wilddienste Beef: 1

Cow standing with difficulty after calving - occlusion of all 4 teats. Free State








Dairy: 2 Ingogo, Gen XY Stud Beef Consultancy

Beef: 1

Other ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (2) 1.0 (1)


Beef 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Goat 1.0 (1)


Beef: 1 Foreign body (B 1); Hypospadia (C 1)

Goat: 1 Western Cape


Hardwear disease

Metabolic Diseases

Acidosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

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Average 2.0 (2) 2.5 (2) 2.1 (8) 2.3 (3) 1.6 (5)


Beef 2.0 (1) 2.0 (5) 1.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 2.5 (2) 3.0 (1) 1.7 (3)

Mpumalanga Grootvlei, Grootvlei Dierekliniek

Sheep: 2 Piet Retief, Pets Vet Hospital

Beef: 2 North West

Brits, Brits Dierekliniek Sheep: 2

Schweizer-Reneke, NJ Heyns Sheep: 3

Feedlot lambs Free State

Bultfontein, Greylingsrust Dierespreekkamer Beef: 2 Maize

Sheep: 3 Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek



Sheep: 2 Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal


Dairy: 2 Zastron, Zastron Dierekliniek



Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic Sheep: 3



Sheep: 2 Correction of ketosis by supplementing maize - not enough feeding space


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Displaced abomasum ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 2.0 (3) 1.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (3)


Beef: 2 LDA's






Ketosis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 1.5 (2)


Dairy 1.5 (2) Sheep 3.0 (1)




113 | P a g e


Milk Fever ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 1.5 (4) 2.0 (5) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2)


Beef 2.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Dairy 1.7 (3) 2.0 (4) 2.0 (1) 1.5 (2)

North West Ventersdorp, Buffelsvlei Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Free State

Parys, Parys Dierehospitaal Dairy: 1

Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek Dairy: 2

Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap Dairy: 2










Dairy: 2 Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek

Dairy: 1

Reproductive diseases

Dystocia (Difficult Births) ^

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Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.2 (12) 1.8 (4) 1.7 (6) 2.6 (8) 2.4 (25) 2.4 (15) 2.4 (8) 2.2 (14) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.2 (10) 2.0 (2) 1.7 (6) 2.6 (8) 2.5 (18) 2.5 (11) 2.2 (5) 2.0 (7) 2.0 (1)

Dairy 2.0 (2) 2.7 (3) 2.0 (1) 2.5 (4) Sheep 2.0 (2) 1.5 (2) 2.0 (4) 3.0 (2) 2.0 (2) Goat 3.0 (1) 1.0 (1) 3.0 (1)




Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Lydenburg, Lydenburg Dierespreekkamer







Beef: 2, Sheep: 2 Gauteng



Pretoria, Onderstepoort Academic Hospital and Production Animal Clinic Beef: 2, Sheep: 1


Beef: 2 Machado, Blouberg Dierekliniek


Beef: 1

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Vaalwater, Vaalwater dierekliniek en Wilddienste Beef: 1




Beef: 3 Rustenburg, Protea Dierekliniek





Beef: 2 Free State


Many dystocia cases, animals are in poor condition due to low energy levels. Bothaville, Cape Cross Bothaville Veterinary Hospital

Beef: 2 Bultfontein, Greylingsrust Dierespreekkamer


Beef: 3, Dairy: 2, Sheep: 3 Dewetsdorp, Platkop Dierekliniek


Beef: 3 Frankfort, Frankfort Dierekliniek



Beef: 3, Sheep: 2 Ladybrand, Ladybrand / Excelsior Dierekliniek




116 | P a g e

Beef: 3, Dairy: 2 Viljoenskroon, Viljoenskroon Dierekliniek



Beef: 3, Goat: 3 Wesselsbron, Wesselsbron Dierekliniek

Beef: 2, Sheep: 1 Winburg, Winburg Dierekliniek








Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic Beef: 3, Dairy: 3






Beef: 2 Aliwal North, Uitspan C Troskie

Beef: 3, Sheep: 3 Graaff-Reinet, Graaff Reinet Veterinary Clinic



Beef: 2 Middelburg (EC), Steynsburg Dierehospitaal

Sheep: 3 Ewes in poor condition


117 | P a g e

Western Cape Ceres, Ceres Veterinary Hospital

Beef: 3 George, George Animal Hospital




Dairy: 3 Oudtshoorn, Ostrimed

Beef: 1, Sheep: 1 Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek

Beef: 3, Sheep: 3, Goat: 3 Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch Animal Hospital

Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Swellendam, Swellendam Dierehospitaal

Beef: 1 Wellington, Wellington Dierehospitaal

Beef: 2 Northern Cape

Kuruman, Kuruman Dierekliniek Beef: 2

Endometritis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.3 (4) 2.0 (5) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.5 (2) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (2) 2.3 (4) 3.0 (1)


Dairy: 2 Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek





Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic

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Beef: 1, Dairy: 1 Western Cape



Beef: 2

Metritis ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (2) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (4) 2.3 (3) 2.3 (3)


Beef 3.0 (2) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (2) 2.0 (3) 2.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1) 2.5 (2) 2.3 (3)



Beef: 3 Gauteng




Beef: 1 Free State

Clocolan, Clocolan Dierekliniek Dairy: 2







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DCAD added to close-up rations but was reduced on one farm and the number of animals affected by these conditions (retained afterbirths, metritis, mastitis) escalated.


Poor conception ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.7 (3) 2.0 (1) 2.7 (3) 2.5 (4) 2.0 (3) 3.0 (3)


Beef 2.7 (3) 2.0 (1) 3.0 (2) 2.5 (4) 1.5 (2) 3.0 (1) Dairy 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1)




Beef: 2 Limpopo



Sheep: 2 Christiana, Christiana Dierehospitaal


Beef: 3 Second calf cows


Beef: 3 Dewetsdorp, Platkop Dierekliniek

Beef: 2 Numerous infertile bulls


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Poor condition of bulls during the winter breeding season Winburg, Winburg Dierekliniek






Sheep: 3 Malmesbury, Malmesbury Dierehospitaal


Beef: 3

Retained afterbirth ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.5 (6) 1.0 (1) 2.3 (4) 1.9 (8) 1.9 (8) 2.5 (2) 2.3 (4)


Beef 1.6 (5) 1.0 (1) 2.3 (4) 1.9 (7) 1.5 (6) 3.0 (1) 2.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1) 3.0 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.3 (3) Goat 1.0 (1)




Goat: 1 Lydenburg, Lydenburg Dierespreekkamer


Beef: 2 Suspect that vitamin A deficiency plays a role

Piet Retief, Pets Vet Hospital Beef: 2


Beef: 1 North West

Brits, Brits Dierekliniek

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Beef: 3 Poor condition of animals


Beef: 2 Bultfontein, Greylingsrust Dierespreekkamer














Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic Beef: 1






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DCAD added to close-up rations but was reduced on one farm and the number of animals affected by these conditions (retained afterbirths, metritis, mastitis) escalated.



Uterus prolapse ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.9 (14) 2.3 (7) 2.0 (2) 1.0 (3) 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.9 (10) 2.3 (4) 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1)

Dairy 1.7 (3) 2.3 (3) 1.0 (3) Sheep 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1)


Beef: 2 Gauteng



Beef: 2 Free State



Kroonstad, Kroonstad Dierehospitaal Beef: 2, Dairy: 2







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Beef: 2, Dairy: 2 Mooi River, Mooirivier Vet Clinic

Beef: 3, Dairy: 3 Eastern Cape



Ewes in poor condition Western Cape


Riversdale, Riversdal Dierekliniek Dairy: 1



Beef: 2

Vaginal (Cervical) prolaps ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 1.7 (10) 2.0 (7) 3.0 (1)


Beef 1.5 (2) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (1) 2.0 (7) 2.4 (5) Dairy 1.0 (1) Sheep 1.0 (2) 3.0 (1) Goat 1.0 (1) 1.0 (1)



Beef: 2 Gauteng

Bronkhorstspruit, Kerkstraat Dierekliniek

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Beef: 2 North West




Beef: 2 Dewetsdorp, Platkop Dierekliniek


Beef: 2, Sheep: 1 Reitz, Riemland Dierekliniek



Beef: 3, Goat: 1 Kwazulu-Natal





Mtubatuba, Mtubatuba Animal Clinic Beef: 2, Goat: 1 Eastern Cape


Ewes in poor condition

Climatical Cause

Heat stress ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1)


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Beef: 3

Lightning ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (2) 1.8 (4) 1.5 (2)


Beef 1.0 (2) 1.7 (3) 1.5 (2) Sheep 2.0 (1)



Beef: 1 Free State


700 plus animals died of freezing conditions Hoopstad, Hoopstad Dierekliniek





Residues

Drug residues ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.0 (1)


Beef 2.0 (1)


Beef: 2

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Non specific diseases

Preditors ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 2.3 (3) 3.0 (1) 3.0 (1)


Beef 3.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1) Sheep 2.0 (1) 3.0 (1)


Beef: 3, Dairy: 2 Villiers, Wilgepoort Dierekliniek Vennootskap




Sheep: 3 Lambs killed, predators becoming an increasing problem.

Sabotation - Theft ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 3.0 (1) 2.5 (4)


Beef 3.0 (1) 2.5 (2) Dairy 2.0 (1) Sheep 3.0 (1)


Beef: 3 Free State



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Trauma ^


Free State

Kwazulu-Natal

Eastern Cape

Western Cape

Northern Cape

Average 1.0 (1) 2.0 (1)


Beef 1.0 (1) Dairy 2.0 (1)


Beef: 1 Fractures


Dairy: 2 Fresh cows were placed amongst other cows in the sleeping quarters directly after calving down and I suspect that

they were injured in the process of sorting out the pecking order. Ostriches

Oudtshoorn: dr . Adriaan Olivier

Bont legged tick (3)

Red gut (3)

Dysbacteriosis (Clostridium/E.coli) 3

Protein deficiency (2)

Energy deficiency (3)

Selenium deficiency (1)

Navell ill (3)

Diarrhoea (3)

Diarrhoea Ost Chick season starting. Large fluctuations in temperatures temperature spikes – eg 42°C next day 26°C and then 14°C. Very cold early morning and afternoon. Temperature settings to high during evenings? Trigger to problems. Water disinfection. Slow response to chicks showing early signs (Poor feed intake. Slight depression) PM: severe diffuse pseudomembranous typhlocolitis. Culture Clostridium and E coli. Large variation to effectiveness of antibiotics. Fisrt line (macrolides and Terramycin) works 70%. 2nd and 3rd lines

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50% and below. Navel ill/ Septicaemia/ toxaemia

Ost Hatcher and chick room hygiene. Dirty airconditioner filters. Egg transmitted? Pseudomonas / E. coli isolated. Very high mortalities first 48 hours.

Flies and migdes Ost/ Bov/ Ovi

An insect explosion. Associated problems notebly eye infections. Water in irrifgation channels stimulate further insect activity notably mosquitoes and midges.

Redgut Ost Very hot weather (spikes). Cause a significant reduction intake. Birds over eat during cooler times which gives the classical red gut syndrome (=pulpy kidney) with over abundance of nutrients.

Ninta Ost Denuded veldt with high geelbos and ninta populations (and other unpalatable spp.) seem to have influenced embryo mortalities (80% sure). It can be that it is just a protein and energy deficiency as farmers believe such veldt contribute to nutritional needs (less than). According to our biodiversity guidelines non virgin veldt may be used for ostrich breeder production. A restriction is placed on carrying capacity as well with current veldt utilizations.

Pigs Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital – proff. Annandale, Prozesky, Shakespeare, drs. Blignaut, Carrington, Gratwick, Grobler, Harmse, Holm and O’Dell Enteric colibacillosis (2) Metritis (1) Brits: drs. Boshoff and Coertze Leptospirosis (1) Horses

Ermelo: dr. Ben Potgieter Botulism (1) Nigel: dr. Cindy van der Westhuizen Liverfluke (1) found at PM Machado: dr. Freddie Harris African horse sickness (2) Schweizer-Reneke: dr. N.J.Heyns Opthalmia (3)

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Camperdown: dr. Anthony van Tonder Babesiosis (1) Hoof abscesses (2) Caledon: drs. Retief and Rissik Bont ticks, Red-legged ticks and nuisance flies. Riversdale: drs. Du Plessis, Taylor and De Bruyn Babesiosis (1) Navell ill and diarrhoea: Rhodococcus (1) Upington: dr.Ian Vorster African horse sickness – desperately in need of vaccine Game Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital – proff. Annandale, Prozesky, Shakespeare, drs. Blignaut, Carrington, Gratwick, Grobler, Harmse, Holm and O’Dell Theileriosis in game (1)

Bethlehem: dr. Henk Basson Rabies in a meerkat Winburg: drs. Albertyn and Albertyn Lungworm in springbuck brought in from the Eastern Cape Schweizer-Reneke: dr. N.J.Heyns Theileriosis: Roan died – Theileria taurotragi Riversdale: drs. Du Plessis, Taylor and De Bruyn Wireworm infestation in Sable Wellington: dr. William van Zyl Dystocia in an Alpacca Feedlot report received from dr. Shaun Morris and dr. Eben du Preez ( [email protected])

Sheep feedlots: Dusty conditions were less and with the result that pneumonia cases decreased.

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Typical cases that are seen at the end of winter and in spring are: Weak lambs due to poor nutrition have problems with adaptation in feed lots, vitamin A deficiency, diarrhoea and increased susceptibility for infections such as pneumonia. Cases of E.coli and salmonellosis occurred and caused mortalities. Transport over long distances on dusty roads and diesel vapour contributed to pneumonia. Wireworm infestation are on the increase. Cattle feedlots: Tick transmitted diseases have already caused losses. Cases of red water, anaplasmosis and heartwater occurred. Pneumonia was the cause of mortalities during dusty and windy conditions before rainfall commenced. Windy conditions also contributed to mortalities due to acidosis, blot and red gut. Some of these animals fattened in the feedlot but at the abattoir their organs were condemned due to pneumonia and peritonitis. Pneumonia cases not only cause expensive treatment costs but decreased weight gains of diseased animals are often a bigger economical loss. Blackquarter was the cause of several mortalities in spite of good vaccination programmes. Some cattle do not immunize well to vaccinations. In calves cases of E. coli and Salmonella infections were diagnosed. Calves on harvested crop fields contracted diplodiosis but only a few died. Cestrum (ink berry) poisoning caused losses in cattle. Cestrum is spreading and more attention should be given as serious losses are taking place. A few cases of tulip poisoning occurred in calves that were back grounded on crop fields. Permanent BVD infected calves were diagnosed and contributed to animal health problems. Poor nutrition was the cause of adaptation problems in feedlots resulting in losses. Feedlot report received from dr. Andy Hentzen ([email protected]) Diseases and conditions Species and number of cases Liver fluke B 3 Conical fluke B 3 Cysticercosis B 3 Blue ticks B 3 Biting lice B 3 Sucking lice B 3 Midges B 3 African red water B 1 Lumpy skin disease B 3 High morbidity in cattle that were not

vaccinated (Dundee, KZN) Black leg B 2 Ringworm B 3 Bovine malignant catarrh (snotsiekte) B 1 IBR B 3 Warts B 2 Protein deficiency B 3 Energy deficiency B 3

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Copper, zinc, selenium and vitamin A deficiencies - combination

B 3

Lameness B 3 Pneumonia B 3 Opthalmia B 3 Protein and energy deficiency B 3 Late rains resulting in animals with a poor

nutritional status. Cows calving have hardly any milk and calves die of starvation.

Monthly report for October, 2014 from IDEXX laboratories supplied by dr. Marijke Henton ([email protected])

October was also a relatively quiet month. Streptococcus suis was isolated from the vagina of infertile pigs and also from cattle and sheep pneumonia cases. Streptococcus suis is a sporadic cause of pneumonia in ruminants, including game. Other causes of pneumonia were Pasteurella mairii in a pig, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in a pig, Mannheimia haemolytica in a feedlot sheep and a goat and Trueperella pyogenes in ovine and porcine pneumonia. Abortion in cattle was caused by Brucella abortus, Trueperella pyogenes (2 cases) and placentitis due to Nocardia. There were also deaths in goats due to anthrax vaccination in the neck area. Not all vaccine manufacturers recommend that anthrax vaccines administered to goats should be given in the tail fold or other areas where swelling does not affect respiration. Goats tend to produce large areas of oedema at the site of anthrax vaccination and if injected in the neck, the oedema may occlude the trachea.

Monthly report for October 2014 from Dr R D Last (BVSc; M.Med.Vet(Path); MRCVS) Specialist Veterinary Pathologist

Vetdiagnostix - Veterinary Pathology Services

LIVESTOCK DISEASE SURVEILANCE

LIVESTOCK SPECIES DISEASE AGENT NO.

CASES LOCATION Caprine, Boergoat Clostridial blood gut 3 Graaff Reinet, W.Cape Bovine, Dairy Calf Shipping Fever 1 Greytown, KZN Bovine, Dairy Calf Complicated meconial aspiration syndrome 1 Humansdorp, E.Cape Porcine, Weaners Cutaneous gangrenous ergotism (ear tip) 3 Humansdorp, E.Cape

Bovine, Cow Liver Fluke 1 Camperdown, KZN Bovine, Bull Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 1 Bethal, Mpumulanga Bovine, Calf BVD retinal dysplasia and cerebellar atrophy 1 Ermelo, Mpumulanga

Bovine, Heifer Clostridial enterotoxaemia 1 Kokstad, East Griqualand

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Bovine, Calf Amaranthus sp nephrotoxicity 4 Jeffries Bay, E.Cape Bovine, Calf Mycotic abomasitis and cryptosporidiosis 1 Jeffries Bay, E.Cape

Ovine, Weaner Toxic cardiomyopathy (Ionophore) 1 Tzaneen, Limpopo Bovine, Cow Fog Fever 1 Underberg, KZN Ovine, Ewe Pneumonic Pasteurellosis 1 Mtunzini, KZN Bovine, Cow Listeriosis 1 Howick, KZN Bovine, Cow Paramphistomiasis 1 Underberg, KZN

Caprine, Boergoat Anthrax vaccine reaction 2 Piet Retief, Mpumulanga Caprine, Goat Gousiekte 1 Polokwane, Limpopo Bovine, Cow EBL (Serology) 59 Jeffries Bay, E.Cape Bovine, Calf Salmonellosis 1 Howick, KZN

Porcine, Baconers Ascaris suum hepatitis 4 Humansdorp, E.Cape Bovine, Weaner Rumen Acidosis 1 Piet Retief, Mpumulanga Bovine, Weaner Hypersensitivity pneumonia 1 Ixopo, KZN

Bovine, Feedlot steer Shipping Fever 1 Piet Retief, Mpumulanga Bovine, Jersey Cow Heartwater entorrhagia syndrome 1 Jeffries Bay, E.Cape

Bovine, Calf Mycotic abomasitis 1 Jeffries Bay, E.Cape

KZN MASTITIS BACTERIAL ISOLATES OCTOBER 2014

Bacterial isolate Number of Cases

Bacillus cereus Citrobacter spp Corynebacterium spp Enterobacter spp Enterococcus spp Escherchia coli 9 Haemolytic Escherchia coli 8 Klebsiella spp Proteus spp Pseudomonas spp 1 Staphylococcus aureus Staphyloccoous epidermidis Staphylococcus intermedius group - white 1 Staphylococcus intermedius group - yellow 1 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius 1 Stapylococcus spp (Coagulase Negative) 1 Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus dysgalactiae

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Streptococcus pneumonia 3 Streptococcus uberis 9

Monthly report on livestock disease trends as informally ... · Jeffreys Bay - drs. Lategan, Hoek...

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