Monocots II Sedges have edges Rushes are round Grasses have nodes from the top to the ground.
-
date post
21-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
221 -
download
0
Transcript of Monocots II Sedges have edges Rushes are round Grasses have nodes from the top to the ground.
Monocots II
Sedges have edgesRushes are round
Grasses have nodes from the top to the ground
General flowers
Juncaceae - Rush family
• Perennial herbs
• Spiral, sheathing leaves
• Trimerous flowers
• Actinomorphic flowers
• Loculicidal capsule
• 7 genera / 430 species
P 3+3 [2+2 or 3] A 3+3 [3+0 or 2] G (3), superior, hypanthium absent
Juncus acutus
Juncus bufonius
Juncus dubius
Juncus dubius
Juncus phaeocephalus
Cyperaceae – Sedge Family
• Sedges have edges• BUT, Scripus (Bulrush) has very
round stems• Bristles or hairs in place of sepals
and petals• Fruit is an achene or a nutlet and
lens-shaped or triangular• 90 genera and 4000 species
Cyperaceae
Cyperaceae
Cyperus papyrus - papyrus
Eleocharis dulcis – water chestnut
Poaceae - Grass family
• Hollow-pithed stems
• Open-sheathed, distichous leaves
• Ligule may be present at inner junction with blade
• Grass spikelet
• = axis + two basal glumes + 1-∞ florets
• Floret = short lateral axis + lemma + palea + flower
• Fruit is a caryopsis (grain).
• 668 genera / 9,500 species
P 2-3 lodicules A 2-3 (pendulous) G (2-3)
1) Agricultural grains (most important food in world):
barley (Hordeum)
corn (Zea)
oats (Avena)
rice (Oryza)
rye (Secale)
wheat (Triticum);
2) forage and grazing plants;
3) important components of many ecosystems, such as grasslands and savannahs.
Economic Importance
distichousleaf
arrangement
open sheath
ligule
Bambusa spp. - Bamboo
Fruit is a caryopsis
Achnatherum coronatum
Agrostis pallens
Arundo donax Invasive
Avena barbata
Avena fatua – Wild Oats
Bromus tectorum – Cheatgrass Invasive
Cortaderia selloana – Pampas Grass
Cynodon dactylonBermuda Grass