Monoclonal antibodies
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Transcript of Monoclonal antibodies
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History of Diagnostic Procedures:
Leeuwenhoek = Microorganism
Robert Koch = Infectious disease = Microorganism
1) Examination under Microscope
2) In vitro Culturing
Problems: All microbes can not be differentiated
and some can not be observed
Problems: Not all Microbes can be cultured and
beside it is very Tedious and slow process
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3) Immunological Diagnostic Procedures:
Edward Jenner = First vaccine = Small pox vaccine
Louis Pauster = Vaccine against Cholera
Shows Some Defensive Mechanism Involved
Which is composed Complex Cellular System
Lymphatic System
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B.Cell “Antibody”
One B.cell = One Type of Antibody
Epitope Pathogen = Antigen
One Antigen may = More than One Epitope
“Polyclonal Antibody”: Obtained by inserting antigen into the body of animal
Problems
No Continuous Source
Effectiveness variesSolution:Culture B.Cells and produce antibodies through them
Problem: B.Cells can
not be cultured
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Monoclonal Antibodies:
Antibodies Produced by Same B.Cells
Specificity Towards A Particular Epitope
Solution to Last Problem “Hydridoma Tech”
Hybrid CellB.CellProduces the Desired antibody
Compatible CellPerform the Function of Division Myeloma Cells No Functional HGRPT gene
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B.Cell Suspension Myeloma Cell Suspension
Combined Cell Suspension PEG
HAT media
Fused Myeloma-B.Cell Grow (other dies)
Screen those Cell Which Produce Desired Antibodies
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•These Monoclonal antibodies produced are used for various purposes and regarding this presentation, the most relevant use of Monoclonal antibodies is in Diagnosis of diseases.