Money received for work performed; may include salary, wages, tips, professional fees, commissions,...
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Transcript of Money received for work performed; may include salary, wages, tips, professional fees, commissions,...
Money received for work performed; may include
salary, wages, tips, professional fees, commissions, etc.
Earned income
A purposeful course of action or purpose in life that generally provides
income
Career
The health, education, experience, training, skills and values of people. Also
known as human resources
Human capital investment
Payments earned by households for selling or renting their productive resources. May include
salaries, wages, interest, and dividends
Income
A piece of work usually done on order at an
agreed-upon rate. Also a paid position of regular
employment.
Job
Legal allowances that reduce the amount of
income taxes subtracted from your gross income
Exemptions
Anything subtracted from your gross income
Deductions
Wages or salary before deductions for taxes and
other purposes
Gross income
Commonly called “take home pay”; it is your
income after all deductions and
exemptions
Net income
A federal government program that provides retirement, survivor’s and disability
benefits, funded by a tax on income, which appears on
workers’ pay stubs as a deduction labeled FICA (Federal Insurance Contributions Act, the
enabling legislation)
Social security
The belief that people should be taxed according
to their ability to pay, regardless of the benefits
they receive. The U.S. individual income tax is based on this principle.
Ability to pay
The belief that people should be taxed according
to the benefits they receive from the good or service the tax supports.
The gasoline tax is an example.
Benefits-received principle
One who enjoys the benefits of a good or
service without paying for it
Free rider
The quality and quantity of goods and services
available to people, and the way these goods and services are distributed
within a country.
Standard of living
A system that relies on individual citizens to report
their income freely and voluntarily, calculate their tax
liability correctly, and file a tax return on time, according
to the rules established by the Internal Revenue Service
Voluntary compliance
An electronic machine that bank customers and credit union members can use to withdraw cash and make
other financial transactions
ATM (automatic teller machine)
The deposit of wages or other income directly into
a customer’s bank account
Automatic deposit and payment
A state or federally chartered, for-profit business owned by
stockholders that provides savings accounts, checking
accounts and other financial services to its
customers
Bank
An institution that cashes checks immediately for a
fee
Check cashing services
A bank or credit union account that allows
withdrawals by writing a check
Checking account
A plastic card authorizing the delivery of goods and services in exchange for
future payment with interest
Credit card
A state or federally chartered, not-for-profit
financial cooperative that provides financial services to its member-owners who
have met specific requirements
Credit union
A plastic card used to deduct a purchase amount
directly from your checking account; also
called a check card
Debit card
The different kinds of services provided by
financial institutions such as banks, credit unions,
insurance companies, and other similar businesses
Financial services
Any business providing financial services
Financial institution
A company that guarantees compensation for specific forms of loss, damage, injury, or death
Insurance company
A business that participates in buying and selling stocks, corporate bonds and government
bonds
Investment bank
The process of moving money from one account
to another account
Money transfer
A company that makes loans for the purchase of a house or other real estate
Mortgage company
The process allowing customers to make
financial transactions on a secure web site operated
by their financial institution; also called
Internet banking
Online banking
A description of what happens when a
withdrawal (checks, ATM, etc.) is greater than the amount of money in a
checking account
Overdraft
A checking account feature that provides an
automatic loan from their financial institution to
cover overdrafts
Overdraft protection
A protected location in a secure bank vault where
individuals can store valuables for a small fee
Safety deposit box
An interest-bearing account at a financial
institution
Savings account
Individuals and companies who buy and sell stocks
for investors
Stock brokerage
A written order direction a bank or credit union to
pay a person or business a specific sum of money
Check
The process of comparing personal bank account records to the bank’s
records of that account balance in order to
uncover any possible discrepancies
Reconcile
The first set of numbers on the check that are read
by high speed check-processing machines to move your check from
place to place
Check routing numbers
A record of all of the transactions on your
account during the past month
Bank statement
Purchasing securities such as stocks, bonds, and mutual
funds with the goal of increasing wealth over time,
but with the risk of loss. Setting aside money for future income, benefit, or profit to meet long-term goals, using savings to
earn a financial return
Investing
The quality of an asset that permits it to be
converted quickly into cash without loss of value. For example, a checking account is more liquid
than real estate
Liquidity
The value of the second-best alternative that a person gives up when
making one choice instead of another
Opportunity cost
A measure of the likelihood of loss or profit
on an investment’s rate of return
Risk
The process of setting income aside for future
spending. Saving provides ready cash for
emergencies and short-term goals, and funds for
investing
Saving
Money set aside for a future use that is held in
easily accessed accounts, such as savings accounts and certificates of deposit
(CDs)
Savings
Interest earned not only on the principal but also on the interest already
earned
Compound interest
The original amount of money deposited or
invested
principal
The length of time, in years, it takes an amount of money saved to double
when it receives compound interest
Rule of 72
Interest calculated periodically on the loan principal or investment principal only, not on
previously earned interest
Simple interest
A certificate issued by a bank to a person depositing money in an account for a
specified period of time (often six months, one year, or two years); a penalty is
charged for early withdrawal
Certificates of deposit
A certificate representing the purchaser’s
agreement to lend money to a business on the
promise that the debit will be paid, with interest, at a
specific time
Corporate bonds
A fund restricted by law to investing in the short-term money market; provides low risk and low returns, but they maintain their
investment value
Money market mutual funds
An investment tool that pools the money of many
shareholders and invests it in a diversified portfolio of securities, such as stocks, bonds, and money market
assets
Mutual funds
How fast money in savings account or investment
grows
Rate of return
A measure of the likelihood of loss or profit
the uncertainty of an investment’s rate of return
Risk
A document representing a loan of more than one
year to the U.S. government, to be repaid,
with interest on a specified date
Savings bonds
Investing in a variety of stocks, bonds, money
market accounts, etc., in order to spread the risk
Diversification
A group of investments involving ownership of
assets
Equities
A rise in the general or average price level of all the goods and services
produced in an economy
Inflation
A measure of the likelihood of loss or profit
the uncertainty of an investment’s rate of return
Risk tolerance
A contract between an individual and an insurance
company where the individual makes a series of payments
that are invested by the company and repaid to the individual at a later date,
generally during retirement
Annuity
A retirement plan that allows employees in private
companies to make contributions of pre-tax
dollars to a company pool that is then invested in
stocks, bonds, or money markets
401(k)
An account in which an individual may set aside earned income in a tax-deferred savings plan for
his/her retirement
IRA
A federal system of old-age, survivors’, disability, and hospital care (Medicare) insurance which requires employers to withhold (or
transfer) wages from employee’s paychecks and
deposit that money in designated accounts
Social security
An agreement to provide goods, services, or money
in exchange for future payments with interest by a specific date or according to a specific schedule; the use of someone else’s money
for a fee
Credit
Something of value (often a house or a car) pledged by a borrower as security
for a loan
Collateral
Payment for the use of someone else’s money; usually expressed as an annual rate in terms of a percent of the principal
Interest
A type of contract between the borrower and the lender explaining the requirements of fulfilling
the loan
Loan agreement
Credit with collateral (i.e., a house or a car) for the
lender
Secured credit
An establishment that collects and distributes
credit history information of individuals and
businesses
Credit bureau
A record of borrowing and repayments
Credit history
A measure of creditworthiness based on an analysis of the
consumer’s financial history, often computed as a
numerical score, using the FICO or other scoring system
to analyze the consumer’s credit
Credit score/rating
A consumer line of credit that can be used up to a certain limit or paid down
at any time; example – credit cards
Revolving credit
A federal agency that enforces consumer
protection
Federal Trade Commission
Using a person’s name or personal information without the person’s
permission to steal money or get other benefit
Identity theft
A person who owns property and rents it to
another
Landlord
A written contract specifying the terms for the use of an asset and
the legal responsibilities of both parties to the agreement, such as
property owner and tenant
Lease
A person who pays rent; the legal name for a renter
Tenant
Costs paid when buying a house or real estate
Closing costs
The difference between how much a house is
worth and how much is owed on it
Equity
A written request submitted to your
insurance carrier to cover a loss
Claim
The dollar amount or percentage of a loss that
is not insured, as specified in an insurance policy
Deductible
The fee paid for insurance protection
Premium
The percentage of the costs of medical services
paid by the patient
Coinsurance
An amount of money that the member or insured
pays directly to a provider at the time services are
rendered
Copayment
Taking risks with personal finances or personal
assets
Gambling
Telling or forecasting about something in
advance of its occurrence by means of special
knowledge or inference
Predictability
The chance or likelihood that something will
happen
Probability
A person or company with insufficient assets to cover
their debt
Bankrupt
A state of being legally released from the obligation to repay some or all debt in exchange for the forced loss of certain assets. A court’s
determination of this remains in a consumer’s credit record for 10 years
Bankruptcy
A person or company to whom money is owed
Creditor
A single loan that replaces the debt owed by multiple loans, often with a lower monthly payment and a longer repayment period
Debt consolidation loan
A loan secured by a primary residence or second home at the
amount where the fair market value exceeds the over the debt owed on the
property
Home equity loan
To totally release you from all debt included in your
bankruptcy petition
Chapter 7
Debt adjustment; allows you to file a repayment
plan for your bills
Chapter 13
The act of giving to charitable organization or
to those in need
Charitable giving
A tool used to choose among alternatives
involves weighing the costs of a product or
service against the benefit is will provide
Cost/benefit analysis, risk/reward relationship
A non-cash contribution to a charitable organization
which can be given a cash value
Gifts in-kind
An expense that a taxpayer can subtract from taxable income;
examples home mortgage interest and charitable
giving
Tax deduction