MONDAY• Current Events• Review HW• “Failed Peace” last set of notes for the unit!!!

TODAY: ORGANIZE YOUR LIVES!!!A: “failed peace” notesB: check blanks/notes: all handouts ARE your notes to studyC: this is the last day in-class for key termsD: take 10 to organize/ clean out/ 3-hole-punch your bindersWe have ONE marking period left… hang in there & do it right!!!.... Keep: KTs, main handouts, etc…

DON’T FORGET!!!!1. orange, lemon, lime or grapefruit due TOMORROW2. WW1 Unit Test Friday

If you don’t bring 1 you

can’t participate

The Treaty of Versailles• Now that the war was “over,” Wilson traveled to France to help the

Allies set the terms of peace (remember moral diplomacy?)

• He finally deemed the world “safe for democracy”• 1st U.S. Pres. to meet foreign leaders on foreign soil• Hopes were high!

Allied leaders from

other countries

did NOT share his

hopes & visions

Wilson’s 14 Points Peace Plan

• Wilson honestly wanted world peace

• Europe honestly wanted revenge & to punish the

Germans for the war

• Fourteen Points: 1918 President Wilson’s peace plan for post WW1 to avoid future

wars

Wilson’s 14 Points Peace Plan1. An end to secret agreements• Secrecy had encouraged a messy web of rival alliances

that had helped lead to war

2. Freedom of the seas & free trade 3. Create free trade among nations4. Reduce and limit arms.5. National self-determination: right of national groups to have their own territory & forms of gov’t

Wilson’s 14 Points Peace Plan14. League of Nations:

association of nations formed after WW1 under Wilson’s 14 point plan intended to protect

the independence of all countries—large or small

• “Justice to all people & nationalities with their right to live on equal terms of liberty &

safety with one another, whether weak or strong”

• + promotes peace & democracy• - too vague, non-realistic, not all

Allies wanted the same thing

Paris Peace Conference• Diplomats from 30+

nations met at Paris & Versailles to negotiate 5 separate peace treaties

• Key issues were decided by the leaders of the Allied nations– Big Four: U.S. Britain,

France, Italy– Russia (now Communist)

was not invited!!!

Disagreement Among the Allies• Wilson wanted “peace without victory” = opposed

punishing the defeated powers (already lost :-/)• Other Allies wanted revenge– Reparations: cash payments for the losses they had suffered

during the war– “War Guilt Clause”: Germany accepts responsibility for the war

Harsh Terms for GermanyJune 1919

• Treaty of Versailles: treaty signed on June 28th, 1919 by Germany & the Allies; formally placed the responsibility for the war on Germany and its allies– Germany wasn’t even allowed to send delegates to the

peace talks • Do you think that’s constructive or unconstructive? Why?

– None of the Allies were satisfied (it’s hard to please everyone!)

Treaty of Versailles- Germany had to pay Allies HUGE reparations• Cost of pensions for Allied soldiers/ their widows & children• Reparation costs would exceed $300 billion

– Do you think a country that just LOST a war would be able to choke that up?

– Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France– Germany was stripped of its overseas colonies (now under GB or

France)

The Fight for the Versailles Treaty• Majority favored the treaty– peace

• A minority opposed it– Too soft on defeated powers– German-Americans thought it

too harsh– Used as a Republican platform

to rip Wilson (D) apart– Isolationists: people who

wanted the U.S. to stay out of world affairs & opposed the LON

The Defeated Treaty

• Wilson wouldn’t budge on how crucial his LON was…but people didn’t want it as much as he did

• He go so stressed out promoting it that he had a stroke• Loose ends at the end of a war would now serve as a

platform for future wars

Waaaahhhh!!!