Monday, April 8 th
description
Transcript of Monday, April 8 th
![Page 1: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
MONDAY, APRIL 8TH
Introduction to Animals
Objective: Be able to identify if an organism is in the animal kingdom based off characteristics
![Page 2: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
10 Animal Phylu
ms
![Page 3: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
WHAT IS AN ANIMAL
MulticellularHeterotrophic EukaryoticReproduce sexually and asexuallyLack cell walls
![Page 4: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SYMMETRYAsymmetry-no body plan(sponges)Radial Symmetry-radiate from center
(jelly fish)Bilateral Symmetry-identical halves
when cut from head to tail.
![Page 5: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Anatomical Terminology
Superior (toward head) Inferior (toward feet) Dorsal (toward back) Ventral ( toward front) Medial (towards center) Lateral (towards outside)ProximalDistal
![Page 6: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
BODY PLANcoelom - body cavity to house organs. An evolutionary advantageacoelomate - no body cavity presentPseudocoelomate – partial body cavity
![Page 7: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Introduction to Animals Germ Layers
Endoderm inner layer of cells
Ectodermouter layer of cells
Mesoderm layer of cells
between the endoderm and ectoderm
![Page 8: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
10 Animal Phylu
ms
![Page 9: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
PHYLUM PORIFERA
FEEDING: water is drawn in through pores into a central cavity and out of opening called OSCULUM
Lack TRUE Tissues Sessile (doesn’t
move)
SPONGES
![Page 10: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
2 Tissue LayersHermaphrodites
Ectoderm & Endoderm
Egg & Sperm – Sexual reproduction results when sperm are drawn to other sponge
Capable of RegenerationNO Tissues or coordination between parts
![Page 11: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Check these
Porifera out
![Page 12: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
PHYLUM CNIDARIAHYDRA, SEA
JELLY (JELLYFISH),
CORALS
2 Germ Layers**Muscles & Nerves
Endotherm & Ectotherm
Simplest Form**Radial Symmetry
** evolutionary advancement
![Page 13: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Body is a sac with a central gastrovascular cavity and 1 opening (mouth and anus)
Carnivores: use nematocysts (tentacles) to capture prey
Can occur as POLYP (sessile) or MEDUSA (free swimming)
Reproduce by spawning
![Page 14: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHESFlatworms, flukes, tapewormsBilateral symmetry*3 tissue layers*
ectoderm/mesoderm/endodermmore complex organ systems
and true muscles*
![Page 18: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
only 1 openingReproduction:sexually - exchange sperm through internal fertilization
asexually - regenerationHermaphrodites
![Page 20: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
PHYLUM NEMATODA
roundwormsMost numerous of all animalscomplete digestive tract; 2 OPENINGS*
Reproduction is usually sexual w/ separate males and females
Fertilization is internalPseudocoelom*
![Page 21: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 23: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
PHYLUM ANNELIDA Segmented worms: earthworm, leech all have segments* Coelom (body cavity) - houses, cushions and protects
organs* Digestive system has specialized regions;Pharynx,
esophagus, crop, gizzard and intestines
![Page 25: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Closed circulatory system; blood*
“brainlike” cerebral gangliaHermaphroditic but cross fertilize (exchange sperm and store it in clitellium)
The Giant Earthworm
![Page 26: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
PHYLUM MOLLUSCASnails, oysters, octopuscoelom*BODY: 3 main parts FOOT (movement)VISCERAL MASS (internal organs)MANTLE (shell)
![Page 28: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Separate sexes with ovaries and testes in visceral mass -- reproduce sexually
![Page 29: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
1. Class Gastropoda - snails, slugs• single shell
CLASSES of Mollusks
2. Class Bivalvia - oysters, clams• suspension feeders • two shells
3. Class Cephlapoda - octopus, squid• built for speed -- carnivores,• reduced shell (beak)
![Page 30: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA
Sea stars, sea urchinsRadial symmetryplates with spines embedded in soft body tissues.
![Page 32: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
External fertilization; separate males and females
simple nervous and sensory system; no excretory system
Gill-like structuresa sea star is a predator; it spits its stomach from its mouth and digests its food and brings the stomach back in.
![Page 33: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 36: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
PHYLUM ARTHROPODAMost successful group of animals ever to live
segmentation, hard skeleton and jointed appendages led to great success.
![Page 37: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Appendages are modified for walking, feeding, flying, sensory reception, copulation and defense
Body covered with cuticle (exoskeleton) made of chitin; provides protection and place for muscle attachment
Grow by moltingSeparate sexes: males and females
![Page 38: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Well developed sensory organs including eyes, olfactory receptors (scent), antennae (touch).
Cephalization is extensive (well defined head)
![Page 39: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
CLASS ARACHNIDAspiders, ticks, mites, scorpions
2 body parts (cephalothorax and abdomen)
anterior appendages are modified as pincers or fangs (chelicerae)
![Page 41: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
CLASS DIPLOPODA (millipedes)2 pair of legs per segmentsaprophytesCLASS CHILOPODA (centipedes)
1 pair of legs per segmentcarnivorous, poisonous
![Page 42: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Class Insectaout number all other life forms combined
complex NS3 body regions (head, thorax and abdomen)
specialized mouthparts (mandibles for eating)
3 pairs of legsPollination
![Page 43: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
CLASS CRUSTACEA Lobsters, crawfish, shrimp, crab Most are aquatic Head and thorax fused into 1 cephalothorax
![Page 44: Monday, April 8 th](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081422/568166b0550346895ddaaa5d/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
`