Molecules Cause Pressure

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Molecules Cause Pressure

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Molecules Cause Pressure. Kinetic Molecular Theory. Particles of matter are ALWAYS in motion Volume of individual particles is  zero. Collisions of particles with container walls cause pressure exerted by gas. Particles exert no forces on each other. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Molecules Cause Pressure

Page 1: Molecules Cause Pressure

Molecules Cause Pressure

Page 2: Molecules Cause Pressure

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Particles of matter are ALWAYS in motion

Volume of individual particles is zero. Collisions of particles with container

walls cause pressure exerted by gas.

Particles exert no forces on each other.

Average kinetic energy µ Kelvin temperature of a gas.  

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Kinetic Energy of Gas Particles

At the same conditions of temperature, all gases have the same average kinetic energy.

2

2

1mvKE

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Different Gases at Same Temp.

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Same Gas - Two Temperatures

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Distribution of Molecular Speeds

Maxwell’s equation relates molecular mass, average speed, and temperature together.

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Diffusion: describes the mixing of gases. The rate of diffusion is the rate of gas mixing.

Diffusion

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EffusionEffusion: describes the passage of gas into an evacuated chamber.

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Rate of effusion for gas 1Rate of effusion for gas 2

2

1

MM

Distance traveled by gas 1Distance traveled by gas 2

2

1

MM

Effusion:

Diffusion:

Graham’s LawRates of Effusion and Diffusion

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Real Gases

[ ]P a V nb nRTobs2( / ) n V

­ ­corrected pressure corrected volume

Pidea

l

Videa

l

Must correct ideal gas behavior when at high pressure (smaller volume) and low temperature (attractive forces become important).


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