Molecular and Empirical Formulas Percentage Composition: Mass of each element compared to the mass...

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Molecular and Empirical Formulas Percentage Composition: • Mass of each element compared to the mass of the compound ( m / m ) or volume of each compared to the total volume ( v / v ) Method ( m / m ) • Find the mass (molar or given) of the sample • Divide the mass of each atom by the mass of the sample weight • Multiply by 100% • The total of all percentages must equal 100%

Transcript of Molecular and Empirical Formulas Percentage Composition: Mass of each element compared to the mass...

Page 1: Molecular and Empirical Formulas Percentage Composition: Mass of each element compared to the mass of the compound ( m / m ) or volume of each compared.

Molecular and Empirical Formulas

Percentage Composition:• Mass of each element compared to the mass of the compound

(m/m) or volume of each compared to the total volume (v/v)

Method (m/m) • Find the mass (molar or given) of the sample • Divide the mass of each atom by the mass of the sample

weight • Multiply by 100% • The total of all percentages must equal 100%

Page 2: Molecular and Empirical Formulas Percentage Composition: Mass of each element compared to the mass of the compound ( m / m ) or volume of each compared.

Molecular Formula• Formula that gives the exact number of elements in a molecule or

compound. • Find the % Composition for each element in the compound.

– If given % Composition: start with the % composition listed as decimals• Find the contributing mass of each element

– Multiply each % Composition by the sample weight of the compound to find the contributing mass

• Do a mass to mole conversion for each element • Assemble the formula

– The moles of each become the new subscripts of your compound

Page 3: Molecular and Empirical Formulas Percentage Composition: Mass of each element compared to the mass of the compound ( m / m ) or volume of each compared.

Empirical Formula• Same steps as finding the molecular formula• Find the sample weight of the compound • Use % composition to find the contributing mass• Do the mass to mole conversion for each element • Divide all by the smallest and round to whole numbers • Assemble the formula

– The ratios expressed as whole numbers become the subscript numbers of the atoms


In a scale model, all the parts are the right size compared to each other.

In a scale model, all the parts are the right size compared to each other.

chemunlimited.comchemunlimited.com/X0211F16 - Version A.pdf18.0 g/mol The molar mass for each reactant is shown below the reactant, and the mass of each reactant for this problem is

chemunlimited.comchemunlimited.com/X0211F16 - Version A.pdf18.0 g/mol The molar mass for each reactant is shown below the reactant, and the mass of each reactant for this problem is

Molar Mass. \ Molar Mass The mass of 1 mole of an element or compound Units: g (grams) Molar mass = atomic mass Atomic mass of each element.

Molar Mass. \ Molar Mass The mass of 1 mole of an element or compound Units: g (grams) Molar mass = atomic mass Atomic mass of each element.

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