Planning for the Lake Chad Basin Water Cycle Integrator

3rd GEOSS African Water Cycle Coordination Initiative

Mohammed Bila and Ahmed SedickLake Chad Basin Commission

CBLT Siége Rond Point de Grand Armees, Ndjamena Republic of Chadmdbila@yahoo.com

Outline of Presentation Challenges and Resources Ongoing Plans and Programmes Needs

Hydrologic & Conventional Basin

Ecoregions of Active Watersheds

Eco-regions (14) of the Conventional Basin

Change in Climate Less Rainfall in the Active Watershed

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Inter-Annual Average Monthly Rainfall at Sahr

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Inter-Annual Average Monthly Rainfall at

Nguigmi

Rainy Period (1950-1970) Arid Period (1971-2007)

Change in Climate Temperature rise - an

increase of 0.7° C or 2.5% in the Sahelian Zone and an increase of 0.4° C or 1.4% in the Tropical Zone.

A decrease of 3% or 6.5% in relative humidity

Less Flow to the Lake Chad - 50% decrease since 1972

Localised periodic droughts in the Lake Chad Basin

Floods impacting cities and farmlands

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Inter-Annual Monthly Av-erage Discharge at Ndja-

mena TP

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Rainfall

KYB

Chari-El Beid

Uses 2010

Mean inflow56-70 71-80 81-90 91-05

Mean inflow

Mean inflow

Mean inflow

Inflow

decrease

Total water uses

What are the max water abstractions for a limited impact

on lake levels?

Available Capability/Resources Distribution of Rainfall Stations

Each Member State has a network of rainfall stations Manpower to monitor the stations

Available Capability/Resources Reference Discharge Stations

Eleven Selected Discharge stations with more than 50 years records Manpower to monitor the discharge stations

Programme & Plans to Address Impacts

Regional Strategic Action Programme & National Action Plans and an Investment Plan (IP) of the Lake Chad Basin (contains over 50 projects estimated to cost €107 million over the period 2012 – 2017).

Data Sharing Protocol agreed Lake Chad Basin Water Charter to

regulate water abstraction among users has been agreed.

Lake Chad Basin Water Charter Fundamental commitments of the

Water Charter;1. During low waters periods, reserve a minimum low

water flow for the tributaries flowing into Lake Chad2. During high water period, reserve a minimum

amount of flood waters to ensure that the basin's wetland areas are inundated

3. Restrict the proportion of abstractions from the inflow to the Lake Chad

4. Adapt groundwater abstraction to aquifer capacity

5. When necessary, create fishing reserves in part of Lake Chad and/or its tributaries.

6. Share data and ensure smoothly-run exchanges of information

LCBC Needs Formalising the generation and

exchange of information using GEO principles between Member States.

Data and models to enforce the Member States commitment to the Lake Chad Basin Water Charter

Data and information to monitor the implementation and progress of IWRM, actions and plans developed within the SAP framework.

Specific Needs Functions/Tools for Lake Chad WCI

◦ Observation network Initiate the adoption of new technologies in

water observation Build capacity by supporting the emergence

of new institutional structures and mechanism for basin-wide coordination

Select adequate number of reference in-situ rainfall stations for calibration (upgrade, operate and maintain by LCBC)

Identify/establish more discharge reference stations(establish/upgrade, operate and maintain by LCBC).

Specific Needs Data Access

Acquire regular water related EO products over the Conventional Basin of the LCBC

Acquire Numerical Weather Prediction, Reanalysis, and Climate Projection capacity

Models Develop rainfall-runoff model

Management systems Forecasting and Early Warning System at short

term and seasonal time frame Decision Support System for Water Resources

Development

Knowledge and data sharing portal

LCBC Collaborative Framework◦ The following Multi-Disciplinary Professional

Experts Committees are working with the LCBC to ensure collaboration by maintaining data quality, sharing data, information, exchanging ideas and experiences through regular meetings and publications. LCBC Technical Committee The Inter-Ministerial Technical Committees The Water Resources Expert Committee Committee on the Environment, Science and

Planning.

Implementation Proposal

Stakeholder Engagement◦ Identify and organise LCBC stakeholders,

develop common vision, Share objectives, collaborations, achievements and feasibility, Identify SBA

Establish a working group in the LCBC◦ Identify suitable demonstration

catchments◦ Identify and contact stakeholders in

the selected pilot catchments

Implementation Proposal Establish Lake Chad Basin Water Cycle Integrator Steering Committee comprising key stakeholders from pilot catchments◦ Support the implementation of pilot

WCI◦ Evaluate and disseminate result◦ Plan for basin wide expansion of the Lake

Chad WCI possibly with private sector involvement

Development of a regional based water management knowledge repository based on the output of the Lake Chad WCI.

Consisting of analysis, prediction, early warning, risk assessment and decision support

Thank you for the attention