Module 5 Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth This curriculum is intended to be a tool to...
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Transcript of Module 5 Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth This curriculum is intended to be a tool to...
Module 5 Impact of Domestic
Violence on Children & Youth
This curriculum is intended to be a tool to assist domestic violence service providers offering victim services (such as those outlined in California Penal Code §13823.15-13823.16) for the purpose of ensuring advocates working with survivors meet the requirements of a “Domestic Violence Counselor” pursuant to Evidence Code §1037.1(a)(1).
Objectives
• To understand the dynamics of families living with violence.
• To understand the effects of domestic violence on children.
• To review some services for children who have been exposed to domestic violence.
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 2
“Families under stress produce children under
stress….”(Ackerman and Pickering, 1989)
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 3
Video
First Impressions… Exposure to Violence and a Child’s Developing
Brain(California Attorney General’s Office, 2008)
Window of Opportunity… Reducing Children’s Exposure to Violence
(California Attorney General’s Office, 2008)
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 4
The Continuum of Exposure
Seriousinjuries
Fatal assaults
Physical assaultsThreats of homicideor suicide
Weapons threatsHighly controlling
behaviorThreats, intimidation
Destruction of property
Marital conflict, arguing, yelling
Severityof violence
Number of childrenModule 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide
5
Child Nurturing Wheel
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 6
Child Abuse Wheel
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 7
Paper Doll Activity
Call out things that someone might say to a child that are denigrating.
Each time something denigrating is said, tear off a piece of your doll.
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 8
Statistics: Children Exposed to Domestic Violence
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 9
Children and Domestic Violence
The UN Secretary-General’s Study on Violence Against Children conservatively estimates that 275 million children worldwide are exposed to violence in the home.(Futures Without Violence, The facts on Children and Domestic Violence, 2008)
Witnessing violence between one’s parents or caretakers is the strongest risk factor of transmitting violent behavior from one generation to the next.( National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, Domestic Violence Facts, 2007)
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 10
Children and Domestic Violence
The maltreatment of children and violence against women often go hand in hand. As many as half a million children may be encountered by police during domestic violence arrests each year. There is an overlap of 30 to 60 percent between violence against children and violence against women in the same families. (Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. (November 2000). Safe from the start: taking action on children exposed to violence. (Publication No. NCJ182789) Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Available: phone: 800-851-3420 or www.ncjrs.org/puborder)
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 11
Children and Domestic Violence
Children who experience childhood trauma, including witnessing incidents of domestic violence, are at a greater risk of having serious adult health problems including tobacco use, substance abuse, obesity, cancer, heart disease, depression and a higher risk for unintended pregnancy. (Futures Without Violence, The facts on Children and Domestic Violence, 2008)
Physical abuse during childhood increases the risk of future victimization among women and the risk of future perpetration of abuse by men more than two-fold. (Futures Without Violence, The facts on Children and Domestic Violence, 2008)
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 12
Children Who Witness Domestic Violence: Influencing Factors
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 13
Influencing Factors for Children
• Gender• Age• Support from a Constant Significant Adult• Frequency• Severity• Proximity• Disposition of Child
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 14
Challenges for Children
May be:
• Social
• Emotional
• Psychological
• Behavioral
• Physical
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 15
What Do We See By Age?
• Prenatally• Infants and Toddlers• Childhood• Teen Years
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 16
Prenatal Challenges
• Direct fetal injury• Late prenatal care• Pre-term labor• Placental abruption• Exposure to substance abuse
alcohol/tobacco• Low birth weight• Vomiting
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 17
Infant/Toddler Challenges: Behavioral
• Eating Problems• Failure to Thrive• Bedwetting and Nightmares• Acting out/ out of Control behavior• Withdrawal/ Passive• Excessive Attention Seeking• Manipulation, Dependency, Mood Swings
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 18
Infant/Toddler Challenges: Emotional/Psychological
• Difficulty Sleeping• Shame, Guilt, and Self-Blame• Confusion about Conflicting Feelings
Towards Parents• Fear of abandonment• Anger
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 19
Infant/Toddler Challenges: Social
• Attachment Problems• Lack of responsiveness• Poor anger management and problem
solving skills
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 20
Infant/Toddler Challenges: Physical
• Developmental Disabilities• Language Delay• Injuries When “Caught in the Crossfire”• Short Attention Span• Tired and Lethargic• Frequently Ill• Poor Personal Hygiene• High Risk Play• Self Abuse
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 21
Childhood Challenges: Behavior
• School Failure
• Absenteeism
• Bed Wetting and Nightmares
• Parentification
• Violence/ Aggression
• Acting out or withdrawing
• Out of Control Behavior
• Lying to avoid confrontation
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 22
Childhood Challenges: Emotional/ Psychological
• Depression
• Shame, guilt, and self blame
• Confusion about conflicting feelings towards parents
• Anger
• Feelings of helplessness and powerlessness
• Embarrassment
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 23
Childhood Challenges: Social
• Inadequate social skill development
• Extreme separation anxiety
• Isolation from friends and relatives
• Difficulty in trusting, especially adults
• Poor anger management and problem solving skills
• Passivity with peers, or bullying
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 24
Childhood Challenges: Physical
• Frequently Ill
• Somatic Complaints, headaches and stomachaches
• Nervous, anxious, short attention span
• Tired and lethargic
• Poor personal hygiene
• Regression in development
• High risk play
• Self abuse
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 25
Teenage Challenges: Behavior
• School Failure
• Absenteeism
• Substance Abuse
• Parentification
• Runaway
• Acting Out/ Violence
• Lying to Avoid Confrontation
• Rigid Defenses
• Manipulation, Dependency, Mood SwingsModule 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 26
Teenage Challenges: Emotional/ Psychological
• Grief• Depression• Suicide Ideation• Shame, Guilt, and Self Blame• Confusion About Conflicting Feelings
Towards Parents• Anger• Embarrassment
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 27
Teenage Challenges: Social
• Anti-Social Behavior• Dating Violence• Attachment Problems• Stormy Relationships• Difficulty in Trusting• Poor Anger Management and
Problem Solving Skills• Passivity with Peers or Bullying
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 28
Teenage Challenges: Physical
• Somatic Complaints• Frequently Ill• Nervous, Anxious, Short Attention
Span• Tired and Lethargic• Poor Personal Hygiene• Self Abuse
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 29
Audio Clip: Children who Witness Domestic Violence
Emergency 911 Call: Lisahttp://www.ncdsv.org/audio/Lisa.mp3
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 30
Emergency Call Activity
As a group, list the concerning events included in the clip, especially those
which relate to the children.
Discuss.
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 31
How to Help… Children and Families
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 32
Responding to Children Who Have Witnessed Domestic
ViolencePROVIDE: • Love and Care• Trust and Respect• Emotional Security• Physical Security• Discipline• Time• Encouragement and Support• Affection• Care for Yourself
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 33
Connecting with Children Who Have Witnessed Domestic
Violence• Frequently remind the child that the violence is not their fault,
and there is nothing they could have done to prevent it
• Avoid making negative statements about the batterer.
• Provide support, encouragement, and patience
• Pay attention to nonverbal communication
• Model appropriate behavior by talking about your feelings and labeling them
• Help them to identify coping skills
• Use language which focuses on the child, not your opinion of the child. Instead of saying “I’m proud of you” say “You’re doing great.”
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 34
How to Help Families
• Use the empowerment model
• Use family centered approaches
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 35
Safety Planning with Children
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 36
What to Take Activity
Pretend that you are in an unsafe home, and have only five minutes to gather
your belongings before leaving. Consider the 20 items listed on your worksheet,
and rank them based on level of importance
(1 = the most important item to take with you, and 20 = the least important item).
Module 5 • Impact of Domestic Violence on Children & Youth • Published 2012 • Slide 37
This project was supported by Grant Number G-1101CAFVPS from the Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Family and Youth Services Bureau, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) through the California Emergency Management
Agency (Cal EMA).
The opinions, findings, and conclusions in this publication are those of the author and not necessarily those of HHS nor Cal EMA.
Cal EMA reserves a royalty-free, nonexclusive, and irrevocable license to reproduce,
publish, and use these materials and to authorize others to do so.