MODULE 2CRAFTING THE CURRICULUM

CURRICULUM DESIGN MODEL

As a teacher, one has to be a curriculum designer, curriculum implementor and a curriculum evaluator. Hence it would be a great help to know how school curricula are being made or crafted.

CRAFTING A CURRICULUM- Is like writing a lesson plan

A curriculum can be organized either:1. Horizontal Organization- the direction

of the curriculum elements is side ways.

2. Vertical Organization- the direction of the curriculum elements follow a vertical design.

STRUCTURES OF CURRICULUM DESIGN1. Subject-centered design model

- focuses on the content of the curriculum - firm believers:

Henry Morrison

William Harris

Examples of Subject-centered Curriculum

a. Subject design- centers on the cluster of content

b. Discipline design- focuses on academic disciplines

• Discipline- specific knowledge learned through a method which the scholars use to study a specific content of their fields

c. Correlation design- links separate subject design in order to reduce fragmentation

d. Broad field design/interdisciplinary- made to prevent the compartmentalization of subjects and integrate the contents that are related to each other.

- sometimes called holistic curriculum

2. Learner-Centered design - the learner is the center of the educative process

Examples of Learner-Centered designsa. Child-centered design -attributed to the influence of:

John Dewey

Rouseau

Pestallozi

Froebel

- Anchored on the needs and interests of the child

- Learns by doing

- Learners actively create, construct meanings and understanding (collaborative effort)

- Learning is a product of the child’s interaction with environment

b. Experience-Centered design

- experiences of the learners becomes the starting point of the curriculum

- learners are made to choose from various activities that the teacher provides

- activities revolve around different emphasis such as touching, feeling, imagining, constructing, relating and others

c. Humanistic design - key lead personalities:

Abraham Maslow

Carl Rogers

- The development of self is the ultimate objective of the learning

- It consider the cognitive, affective and psycho motor domains to be interconnected and must be addressed in the curriculum

- Stresses the development of positive self-concept and interpersonal skills

3. Problem-Centered design

Draws on the following: - social problems

- needs- interest- abilities of learners

Various problems are given emphases.There are those that centered on:

- life situation- contemporary life problems- areas of living and many others

In this curriculum content cuts across subject boundaries and must be:

- based on the needs- concern and abilities of the students

Examples of Problem-Centered design Curriculum

a. Life-situation design - based on Herbert Spencer’s curriculum writing his emphases where activities that sustain life, enhance life and rearing children, maintain the individual’s social and political relations and enhance leisure, tasks and feelings. The connection of subject matters to real situations increases the relevance of the curriculum

b. Core design - centers on general education and the problems are based on common human activities.

Ways on how to proceed a core design of curriculum:1. The problem is selected by either the

teacher or students2. A group consensus is made to identify the

important problems and interest of the class

3. Problems are selected on the basis of developed criteria for selection.

4. The problem is clearly selected and defined.

5. Areas of study are decided, including dividing the class by individual or group interests.

6. Needed information is listed and discussed.

7. Resources for obtaining information are listed and discussed.

8. Information are obtained and organized.9. Information is analyzed and interpreted.

10. Tentative conclusion are stated and tested.11. A report is presented to the class on an

individual or group basis.12. Conclusions are evaluated.13. New avenues of exploration toward

further problem solving are examined.

THAT IN ALL THINGS GOD MAY BE GLORIFIED!!!