Module 2: Concepts of Server Clusters

Overview

Introduction to Server Clusters

Key Concepts of a Server Cluster

Choosing a Server Cluster Configuration

Applications and Services on Server Clusters

Introduction to Server Clusters

Clustering Techniques

Shared Everything Model

Mirrored Servers

Shared Nothing Model

Availability and Scalability

Availability

Cluster Service Improves Availability of Applications and Services

Scalability

Cluster Service Improves Scalability by Adding More Computers to the Cluster

Multimedia: Microsoft Windows 2000 Cluster Service

Key Concepts of a Server Cluster

ClientClientPrivateNetworkPrivateNetwork

Server Cluster

Quorum

Disk 1

A Group of Resources

VirtualServerVirtualServer

Disk 1

Print SharePrint Share

File ShareFile Share

PublicNetworkPublicNetwork

Node ANode A

Node BNode B

Cluster Disks

Node ANode A

Node BNode BDisk 4

Disk 3

Disk 2

Disk 1

Quorum

Quorum Resource

Data Storage

Arbitration

Quorum Ownership

Updates for Nodes Coming Online

Cluster Communications

Private Network

Public Network

Mixed Network

Groups and Resources

\\Server110.0.0.4File SharePrinter Share

\\Server110.0.0.4File SharePrinter Share

\\Cluster110.0.0.3Logical Disk

\\Cluster110.0.0.3Logical Disk

\\Server210.0.0.6Application

\\Server210.0.0.6Application

Node ANode A

Node BNode B

Server ClusterServer Cluster

Disk 1

Disk 3

Disk 2

LogicalDiskGroup 1

Group 2

Group 3

Resource Dependencies

FS-1File Share

FS-1File Share

PD-1Physical Disk

PD-1Physical Disk

IP-1IP Address

IP-1IP Address

NN-1Network Name

NN-1Network Name

FS-1File Share

FS-1File Share

IP-1IP Address

IP-1IP Address

NN-1Network Name

NN-1Network Name

PD-1Physical Disk

PD-1Physical Disk

RecommendedVertical

Dependency

Not RecommendedForking Dependency

Virtual Servers

Client Access to Virtual Servers

Virtual Server Environment

Virtual Server Naming

Named Pipe Remapping

Registry Replication

Virtual Server Name Resolution

Node BNode B

Group 1Group 1Node ANode A

WINS\\VirtualServer = 10.0.0.25

WINS\\VirtualServer = 10.0.0.25

DNS\\VirtualServer.nwtraders.msft = 10.0.0.25

DNS\\VirtualServer.nwtraders.msft = 10.0.0.25

Active DirectoryShare = \\VirtualServer\Share

orShare = \\VirtualServer.mwtraders.msft

Active DirectoryShare = \\VirtualServer\Share

orShare = \\VirtualServer.mwtraders.msft

\\VirtualServer\\VirtualServer.nwtraders.msft\\10.0.0.25

\\VirtualServer\\VirtualServer.nwtraders.msft\\10.0.0.25

Disk 1

Quorum

Disk 1

Failover and Failback

Node ANode A

Node BNode B

FailoverFailover

Node ANode A

Node BNode B

FailbackFailback

Group 1Group 1

Group 1Group 1

Quorum

Disk 1

Disk 1

Disk 1

Quorum

Disk 1

Demonstration: Cluster Concepts

Choosing a Server Cluster Configuration

Virtual ServerVirtual ServerVirtual ServerVirtual Server Failover CapabilityFailover CapabilityFailover CapabilityFailover Capability PerformancePerformanceConsiderationsConsiderationsPerformancePerformance

ConsiderationsConsiderationsClusterCluster

ConfigurationConfigurationClusterCluster

ConfigurationConfiguration

No Cluster NeededNo Cluster Needed

Single NodeVirtual ServerSingle Node

Virtual Server

Active/PassiveActive/Passive

Active/ActiveActive/Active

Active/Passive Configuration

Quorum

Disk 1

Node ANode A Node BNode B

\\ACCOUNTING

Group 1Group 1

Node A manages virtualserver \\ACCOUNTING.Node B is configured as ahot spare and will takeownership of \\accounting if Node A goes offline.

Cluster ServiceCluster Service

Disk 1

Active/Active Configuration

Cluster ServiceCluster Service

Disk 2

Quorum

Disk 1Node ANode A

\\ENGINEERING

Group 1Group 1

Capacity tofail over Group 2

Capacity tofail over Group 2

\\ACCOUNTING

Group 2Group 2Capacity tofail over Group 1

Capacity tofail over Group 1

Node BNode B

Disk 1

Disk 2

Hybrid Configuration

Quorum

Disk 1

Node ANode A

Node A providingDNS outsidethe cluster

Node A providingDNS outsidethe cluster

Node B providingFile/Print outsidethe cluster

Node B providingFile/Print outsidethe cluster

\\ENGINEERING

Group 1Group 1

Capacity tofail over \\engineering

Capacity tofail over \\engineering

Node BNode B

Disk 1

Single Node Virtual Server

Not Shared

Clients can accessany virtual server in the cluster.

Clients can accessany virtual server in the cluster.

Disk 2

Quorum

Disk 1Node ANode A

Group 2Group 2

Cluster ServiceCluster Service

Group 1Group 1Disk 1

Disk 2

\\ENGINEERING

\\ACCOUNTING

Applications and Services on Server Clusters

Applications

Services

File and Print Shares

Identifying Performance Limitations

Applications

Cluster-Aware Applications

Cluster-Unaware Applications

Services

DFS

DHCP

WINS

File and Print Shares

ClientClient

Identifying Performance Limitations

Node ANode A

Quorum

Disk 1

Node BNode B

Exchange2000

Exchange2000

File / PrintFile / Print

Group 1Group 1

Group 2Group 2

Review

Introduction to Server Clusters

Key Concepts of a Server Cluster

Choosing a Server Cluster Configuration

Applications and Services on Server Clusters