Modul 5AI MELANIUT KOREA

UNIT 1

INFINITE: kata kerja bentuk pertama yang menggunakan “to” atau tanpa “to”.

Contoh:

Without to With to

Work To work

Type To type

Cry To cry

Help To Help

From Table 5.1Without to With to

Walk To Walk

Run To Run

Read To Read

Write To Write

Bring To Bring

Jump To Jump

Jog To Jog

Teach To Teach

Discuss To Discuss

speak To speak

From table 5.2Subject Predicate complement

We Walk To the caffetaria

I Want to sleep In my room

The student Began to study In the class

The teacher Asked him to read The book

We see. 1st senteces Walk (without to) and 2nd sentences There are two Infinite “want” and “to sleep” .

Gerund adalah bentuk kata kerja pertama yang ditambah dengan –ing, sama dengan present participle (verb+ing).

Tidak semua bentuk –ing disebut gerund.Subject Predicate (To

be+Verb ing)Complement

They Are studying In the library

I Am reading The book

He Is listening to the

musics

Di sini, bentuk ing sebagai kata kerja dan berfungsi sebagai predikat

Subject Predicate Complement

Modifier Noun

The falling Snow Is Beautiful

The singing Birds Are Beautiful

The crying Boy Looked for His parents

Bentuk ing: menjelaskan kata benda (noun modifier).

•Gerund bisa digunakan sebagai subjek, objek kata kerja, objek preposisi dan komplemen (pelengkap).

Gerund sebagai subjek

No Subjek Predikat

1 Fishing Is exciting

2 Riding a horse Is not easy

3 Eating Is my hobby

4 Fixing a radio Is my hobby

Contoh 2 dan ke 4 di sebut “gerund phrase

Gerund sebagai objek kata kerja

Subjek Verb Objek

My father Avoid Eating to much fat

I Would not mind Helping you

My sons Enjoys fishing

Gerund terletak setelah kata kerja

Gerund sebagai objek preposisiSubjek Verb Preposisi Objek

They Went home Without Telling me

We Are excited About Going to the concert

He Was tired After Practicing for five hours

Good musicians

Improve By Practicing everyday

Gerund phrase terletak setelah preposisi : without,about,after, by

Gerund sebagai pelengkap

Subjek Predikat

Verb Complement

Her hobby Is Cooking

My favorite sport Was Playing tennis

Gerund berfungsi sebagai pelengkap predikat, melengkapi predikat berbentuk to be.

Infinitive: bentuk kata kerja pertama, with to or without to.

Gerund adalah kata kerja bentuk –ing yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda.

Kata “want” selalu diikuti infinite to. Kata “finish” selalu diikuti gerund –ing.

UNIT 2

Bentuk kata kerja yang mengikuti preposisi, termasuk fixed prepositions, selalu bentuk –ing (gerund).

Demikian juga jika diikuti kata kerja to. Apabila to out berfungsi sebagai preposisi.

Fixed prepositions:

Be good at Be famous for

Rely on Object to

Be interested in

Speak about Be proud of Be used to

Succeed in/at Be sorry about Be succesful at

Be accustumed to

Think of/about Instead of In spite of Be apposed to

Be given to I am given to having this property.

Be used to I am not used to driving in a big city.

Be opposed to He is opposed to having a meeting without her.

Be accustomed to we are accustomed to getting up so early.

UNIT 3

Contoh:

Subjek Verb/Verb phrase Objek

I Like Knitting and sewing

I Dislike Jogging

I Can’t stand Eating cream cakes

I Support Making women completely equal to man

I Can’t resist Swimming and cooking

Apabila kata kerja diikuti kata kerja lain, kata kerja kedua bisa dalam bentuk infinitives dan bisa dalam bentuk gerund.

Kata kerja want dan hope selalu diikuti infinitives.

Kata kerja enjoy dan admit selalu diikuti oleh gerund

Kata kata kerja tertentu hanya bisa diikuti oleh gerunds:

Appreciate

Admit Enjoy Worth

Escape Practice Risk Avoid

Finish Prevent Recent Prefer

Forgive Complete Quit

Kata kata kerja tertentu hanya bisa diikuti oleh gerunds dan infinitivesStop Continue Advise Hate

Begin Forget Start Dislike

Intend Remember

Regret

Dalam kalimat aktif advise tidak diikuti objek (noun/pronoun) maka akan diikuti gerund. Advise bisa diikuti infinitive apabila diikuti oleh objek.

Advise+gerundhe advised going to the dentist

Advise+objekhe advised me to go to the dentist.

Advise+infinitiveI was advised to go to the dentist

Ungkapan seperti “would you mind…?” do you mind…? Diikuti oleh gerund.

Kata “go” juga diikuti oleh gerund dalam ungkapan tertentu dan biasanya mengungkapkan kegiatan atau aktifitas.

Go fishing, go jogging, go camping, go hiking, go dancing, go singing, etc.

UNIT 4

Gerund and infinitives bisa digunakan sebagai subjek dalam kalimat.

Penggunaan “to infinitive” sebagai subjekt tidak lazim digunakan.

Yang sering digunakan adalah pola kalimat yang didahului dengan “it” dan menempatkan infinitive dibelakang kalimat.

No Subjek Predikat

1 Climbing a mountain

Is usually a lot of fun

2 Waiting Is boring

3. Baking a cake Is not hard

No Subjek Predikat

1. To wait for a ten bus Is boring

2. To climb mount gede Is usually a lot of fun

3. To bake a cake Is not hard

NO It infinitive

1 It is boring To wait for a ten bus

2 It is usually a lot of fun To climb mount gede

3 It is not hard To bake a cake

It’s nice…… it’s nice to meeting you It’s worth…. it’s worth repairing the car It’s no use… It’s no use trying to explain to

her. It’s not much good ….. it’s not much good

expecting a little child to carry this heavy bag.

But it’s nice+gerund and it’s not much good+gerund is informal expression!

It is better use it’s nice+inifinitive and it’s not much good+infinitives. For formal expression

Phrase for+object (someone/something)+infinitive are often being used!

It’s essensial for the classroom to have plenty of light.

It’s important for the teacher to learn english.

Do you think it’s normal for a child to get so tired?