Modernism And The Bauhaus
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Transcript of Modernism And The Bauhaus
Lecture 3: Modernism & The
Bauhaus
“Photography possesses every privilege, every excellence. It is the art of our time and has a duty to make artificial, fabricated things...since it is even less the case than elsewhere that depicting reality says anything worthwhile about reality.”
(Bertolt Brecht)
FuturismFrom 1909
Left:
Edwaerd Muybridge
‘Woman Walking Downstairs’,
1880
Left:
E.J. Marey
‘Chronograph of running
broad jump’, 1883-5
Above:Marcel DuchampNude descending the staircase’, 1912
Above:
Umberto Boccioni
‘Unique Forms of Continuity in Space’.,1913
VorticismFrom 1913
Above:Percy Wyndham Lewis‘Workshop’, 1913
Above:Alvin Coburn‘Vortograph, 1917
ConstructivismFrom 1916
Above:
Vladamir Tatlin
‘Corner Reliefs’, 1915
Below:El Lissitzky, ‘The Constructor’, 1924
Left:
Moholy Nagy,
‘Leda and the Swan’, 1926
Above:Marcel Duchamp‘Fountain’ 1917
Above:Paul Outerbridge‘Ide Collar’ 1922
DadaFrom 1916
Surrealism • Ostranie: Image made
strange
• There’s a difference between the ‘everyday’ world and the expected convention of photographic representation.
Left:Giorgio de Chirico, ‘The Disquieting Muses’, 1916
Above:Herbert Bayer‘Lonely Metropolitan’, 1932
Above:Man Ray‘Violin d’Ingres’, 1924
Above:Salvador Dali‘Un chien andalou’, 1929
The Bauhaus (meaning “Architecture-House” in German), was a school of Modern Art established by architect Walter Gropius in 1919. It tried to address fundamental concerns about craftsmanship and mass production.
The Bauhaus
Gropius was interested in a school where the fine arts (painting, sculpture, etc.) was practiced side by side the applied arts (graphic design, product design, architecture, etc.). It attempted to challenge the snobbery of the art world.
Photography, being a relatively new medium, was embraced by many established artists such as Laszlo Moholy-Nagy and Man Ray. They starting experimenting with it as a new process.
Walter Gropius
Laszlo Moholy-Nagy was a Hungarian painter and photographer as well as a professor in the Bauhaus school. He was highly influenced by constructivism. He was a strong advocate of the integration of technology and industry into the arts.
Laszlo Moholy-Nagy
Moholy-Nagy was interested in how he could use photography to explore the same elements within his paintings, choosing to produce abstract images focusing on space, movement, time and structure. He worked predominately by exposing object and images onto photographic paper, coining the phrase ‘photogram.’
"It is not the person ignorant of writing but the one ignorant of photography who will be the illiterate of the future."
Kepes Gyorgy
Other artists who created photogramsFloris Neusuus Megyik Janos
Marcelyn Gow Gottfried Jager Man Ray Christian Schad
1)The architect, Walter Gropius, established the Bauhaus in 1919.
What were the main reasons for establishing this school/centre?
2) In your own words, explain some of the techniques used by Lazslo Maholy-Nagy and Man Ray to create their images.
How would you describe their work?
Revision Questions
Visual Research Assignment
1) Present four pages in your photo diary of images by different artists who created photograms. Remember to write down the name of the artist and title of work (if available). Beneath each photograph, write down 5 words that you associate with the image.
2) Write a 150-words about the Bauhaus and its aims
Visual Research Assignment
1) Present four pages in your photo diary of images by different artists who created photograms. Remember to write down the name of the artist and title of work (if available). Beneath each photograph, write down 5 words that you associate with the image.
2) Write a 150-words about the Bauhaus and its aims